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                    <text>SERIES

II

NOVEMBER, 1903

NUMBER

3

BULLETIN
OF

NOR TH WESTERN
UNIVERSITY
CONTENTS
Dedicatory Exercises, Northwestern University
Professional School Building, Chicago.
I.

HISTORY OF THE BUILDING
PROFESSOR ROBERT

PAGE

D.

3
SHEPPARD.

II. ADDRESS ON PRESENTING THE KEYS OF THE BUILD·
ING TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY
8
HON. OLIVER H. HORTON,

First Vice President Board of Trustees.

III . ADDRESS ON A CC EPTING
BUILDING

THE KEYS OF THE

9

P RF: STDF. NT EDM UND J. JAME S.

IV.

THE PLACE OF THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE MODERN
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
17

ADDRESS:

ARTHUR

TWINING HADLEY,
PRF.S!OF.NT OF Y ALF. UNI V F.RSITY.

EVANSTON-CHICAGO
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY

��THE DEDICATION of
the PROFESSIONAL
SCHOOL BUILDING
of NORTHWESTERN

UNIVERSITY
January 27-28, 1903

t
FOUNDERS' DAY ADDRESS BY
PRESIDENT ARTHUR T. HADLEY
OF YALE UNIVERSITY, ON

"THE I'LA CE OF THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE MODERN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY."

BRIEF ADDRESSES AT THE DEDICATORY
EXERCISES BY PROFESSOR ROBERT D.
SHEPPARD, HON. OLIVER H . HORTON,
AND PRESIDENT EDMUND J. JAMES OF
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

�NORTHWESTERN U NIVERSITY BUILDING
LAKE AKD DEARBORN STREETS, CHICAGO

�T~H E

D E D I CAT I O N

O F TH E

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING.
CELEBRATION OF THE FIFTY-SECOND ANNIVERSARY
OF FOUNDERS' DAY.
The celebration of Founders' Day by Northwestern University on January 28th, 1903, was made more significant
than usual by the exercises attendant upon the dedication of
the professional school building at the southeast corner of
Lake and Dearborn stre·ets, Chicago.
The program of the celebration included t:he alumni
banquet o.n the evening of January 27th, the formal dedication of the professional school building at three o'clock the
following afternoon in the Assembly Hall on the second floor;
a reception to President Hadley of Yale University in the
Law School and inspection of the building, and on the same
evening at 0-ight o'clock in the Auditorium, Chicago, the
Founders' Day Address by President Hadley on the subject.
·" The Place of the Professional School in the Modern American University." The address was p1'eceded by the conferring of honorary degrees upon J-ames Barr Ames, dean of
the Harvard Law School; Albert Benjamin Prescott, dean
of the School of Pharmacy of the University of Michigan;
William Williams Keen, professor of surgery in Jefferson
Medical College, and Edward Cameron Kirk, dean of the
Dental School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Nearly two hundred persons were present at the banquet
at the Auditorium Hotel on the evening of the 27th. Professor Charles M. Stuart of Garrett Biblical Institute acted
.as toastmaster and responses wer-e made by Arthur R.
Edwards, for th·e Medical School, Mitchell D. Follansbee for
the Law School, Robert L . Cumnock for the School of
•Oratory, Horace Butterworth for the Department of Athletics, and hy the four gentlemen who received honorary
-degrees on the following day.
1

�The dedicatory e,xercises were held in the Ass embly Hatr
of the professional school building at three o'clock on theafternoon of the 28th, and consisted of the following program:
Hymn, "Lobe den H errn" . (Univ er s ity Chapel Se rvice, p. 19 )
In vocation .... .. ............ . . ... Professor Amos W. Patten.
R esponsive Reading .. . .. ( Chapel Service, p. 12, Selection 11)
Solo, "In Diesen H eiligen Hall en" ... ..... Mr. Harry Parsons
Historical Statement . . . .... . .... . . Rob e11t D. Sheppard, D. D.
Presentation of the K,e ys ....... . ... ... . Hon Oliver H . Horton
Respons·e ... ..... . ..... . ...... .. President Edmund J. James
Addresses ....... By Representatives from Other Universities.

2

�HISTORY OF THE BUILDING.
Address by Professor R. D. Sheppard.

"The appropriate housing of some of our ,d epar.tmentsthat is the occasion of our celebration today-is deeply involved in the history of these schools and is a notable step
in their bright progression. The attempt to teach the subjects for which they stand was a part of the original program
,of the founders of Northwestern University b'efore Bven a foot
of land was acquired, or one stone of her buildings was laid.
We are gathered today almost within a stone's throw of the
spot wh-e re, in 1850, a few devoted and far-sighted men set on
foot the project of Northwestern University that aimed to
teach all learnin,g. They were men of boundless faith, men
of statesmanlike conception and generous of their limited
means. They believed that time was on their side, and that
the acorn which they were p!aTuting would be an oak in the
century to come, but th·e y hardly conceived that the successor
of what was then the palatial hotel of the city of Chicago
would be the home of three of their coming schools and . the
headquarters of ·e ducational influence in the city and its tributary territory. Nevertheless, this wild fancy has been realized. They labored and we have ·e ntered into their labors.
Let us not forget in, our march of progress, and chiefly so
near to Founders' Day, that our direotion was given and our
pace was set in a clingy law office near at hand, i111 1850, by
as sturdy, far-sighted and s-elf-sacrificing a body of men as
ever founded a state or projected a great public ·e nterprise.
Our Law School was begun in 1859; our School of Pharmacy came under our care in 1884; our Dental School was begun in 1891. The beginnings were small: a few teachers, with
the root of the matter in them, and with a few facilities welcomed the men who sought their aid. Without a permanent
abiding place, in cramped an•d often dingy quarters, moving
often, they kept on their way, instructing students, making
history, gathering a body of a lumni, forcing, by their own
growth ,a nd aspirations upon the institution that ha-d fostered
them, the idea that they were no sickly children destined to
an early death, but vigorous members of the university househo1d , with the garments of youth outworn, which needed to
3

�be replaced with the garments of maturity; and that they
ne·eded above all a permanentt abiding plac·e, about which the
associations of home might gather. To my personal knowledge, four different locations-and I know not how many more
-have housed the Law School; four, the Dental School; two,
the School of Pharmacy. They were in a sens-e educational
tramps. The condition did not suggest permanence. It was
not a comfortable or creditable coml.ition. Still, we were doing the best we could under th·e circumstances, looking for
better days, with an eye, as we someti::nes say, to the main
chance.
In the mid.winter meeting of the Board of Trustees held
March 15, 1900, the subject of the professional schools was the
chief topic of discussion. Representatives of the various schools
were given the floor. My own contribution to the subject was
the suggestion that so far as possible for the efficiency of administration, for economy at various points, and for the impression that they would unitedly make on the intellectual
life of the city, as well as for the enhancement of the influence of the University, they should be housed. under a .single
roof. I only spoke that for which I hoped and dreamed. I
have dreamed much that has not been realized. But it was
not long before the famous old Tremont House was in the market_ It had come to the notice of James B. Hobbs, than whom
no clearer head or warmer .heart was ever enlisted in the
institutions of the church he loves, in this part of the world.
He said to me, " Sheppard, this is what you have beelll looking for, and you can compass its purchase." I thanked him for
his S1J1ggestion, was skeptical of his conclusion, and promised
to think th·e matter over. I roamed so frequently over the old
building that the police authorities had me under suspicion,
and the possibilities of its use and purposes gr ew upon me.
I ,s ecured an option for its purchase early in March, ·1901, and
mad€ a pilgrimage to the winter home of Mr. Deering, the
president of the Board of Trustees. I unfolded my dream and
my method of financing the enterprise. He listened in his
kindly critical way and approved, and backed his judgment
with his accustomed liberality, and offered twenty-five thousand dollars to help on the work, and thus gave the sche::ne
the impuls·e which made it possible, as he has impelled every
other gr eat scheme in which the University was interested
that commended itself to his judgment-great-hearted, clearh eaded, generous-handed man that he is: may he continue
long with us to watch and guide our progress. I visited New
4

�York, and consulted Mr. N. W. Harris, who heartily approved,
and on the 15th of March, at a sp·ecial meeting of the Board ot
Trustees, I repeated what h·a d been done, set forth my plan
of financing th·e enterprise, suggested the value and uses of
this property to us, and was authorized to consummate
purchas-e for $500,000. It was then in use as a hotel and the
lease had some time run. Arrangements were made for
early possession, and plans for adaptation of the building
were undertaken by the Univer sity architects, D. H. Burnham &amp; Company. I need not tell you of the plans which mi scarried of enlisting the First M. E. Church with us in the enterprise of building a great auditorium in connection with this
structure, or, the later attempt, to incorporate a great music
ha·ll for the .accom::nodation of the Thomas Orchestra and the
Central Church. That was a noble dream that did not com e
tnre, and from which I shrank when I found it could not be
unanimously supported by the Trustees. But let me say in
passing that I devoutly hope that in this bi-centennial year of
John Wesley's birth that dream may come true in connection
with the Clark Street property only two blocks away, where
our institution, in clos-e connection with a great institutional
church, may employ the adjunct of a great central hall in
wielding a mighty intellectual influence on the life of this metropolis.
It was not until March, 1902, that we secured possession
of the property, and plans were adopted involving the expenditure of over $170,000 for th·e exclusive accommodation of
the Schools of Law, Pharmacy and Dentistry. Mr. John R.
Lindgren and Mr. ViT. A. Dyche were associated with me on
the Building Committee and rendered invaluable service.
From time to time, as the work developed, the plans were enlarged, until, with the n eedful equipment of laboratories and
furnishing of the building with needed stationary apparatus, our expe'll-diture has aggregated $280,000. Difficulties of constructio!l confronted us a:s the work progressed, which could not be foresee11. Controvers ies of co.ifiicting trades worked long delay an'Cl! the cancelling of some
contracts and the increasing of expenses. Unusual dtJman.:'ls
of the City Building department caused revision of other contracts at added expense. The whole interior of the building,
,boun·d together as it -was by trusses and upheld by partitions
and hearing walls, had to be supported by a steel constrnetion from the ground up, displacing all the former support,,
from the floor to the roof. A n-ew seventh story had to be cou5

�s tructed for the use of the anatomical de partme nt of the Dent al '3 chool. The steam plant 'nacl t o be made entirely new;
the plumbing likewis e, and unusu al quantitie s of it to meet
th e demands of the laboratories ; n e w elect; k wiring : n e,Y
floor s, n ew plastering; ne w elevators were r equired; indeed,
nearly all s ave th e ·e xt erior walls of th e building, may be said
to be a n ew construction with spacious stories and s pecially
adapted to the needs and growth of our great schools for
many years to come. Indeed, wh·en you estimat•) the capacity
of this building, you will find that it is e quival.:mt to six college buildings 160 by 180 feet and containing about 23,000
s quare feet each, allowing for a gr eat court in t.h e center of
ea,ch buihling, and another building 60 by 160 containing
a bout 10,000 square fe et.
H er e the chief administrative officer can keep in close
touch with the city departments of the University and with
th e intellect ual and ·e ducational life of the city, and here we
can, as we have frequently clone thus far, extend the hospita lity of the Univer sity to learil'ecl s ocieti es and institutions
that need a place of m eeting and conference. Marvelous us es
a nd adaptations of this home of our schools, I verily believe.
will frequ ently appear a s the years go by. In this central construction, so accessible by all the intramural means of travel
in our city, we may stand for a beacon of learning and all that
relates to it, where every ·e ye can see.
It has b·e en a matter of r emark by property interests that,
by our improvements and activities in this neighborhood, we
have ·enhanced values n early 100 per cent-I hope the assessor will not be apprised of this fact, however. Indeed, if some
brave capitalist should offer us $1,500,000 for this property, I
should be dispo sed to commend his judgment of property value s, though it is not for sale.
But best of all in this connection is the publicity and
permanence attaching to our schools . The professional men
of the next generation, products of thes-e schools, can make
frequent visits to their alma mater without inconvenience),
gaze, with delighted memory on the benches they so often
mutilated, and live ove r again the years of hard work that
mad·e men of them, and uphold with their increasing influence, because of th•e ir added interest, the power of the University for good. Our loyal professors need no longer be trampeducators, but with a settled habitation and home, they may
be assured that their scholarship and labor are associate d
with an institution that is here to stay. We celebrate today
6

�th·e passing of the Tremont House, grand old hostelry, commensurate in its existence only with the life of the city of
which it was an ornament. On its register, what a catalogue
of names has been inscribed; through its spacious corr.dors
what a mdghty procession -o f people hrus pas;,ed; from its
balconies, what oratory has been heard; in its banqueti ng
halls, what luxurious feasts have been sp r ead! But its day
is ove r. "NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING" is
inscribed over its portals. The register is still here, but it is
a r egister of hungry students. Instead of the heavy footfall of
weary travelers upon the marble floor seeking refreshment,
I hear the quick tread of ·eager youth thronging to the scenes
of study. The banqueting halls have given place to the library, the lecture room and the laboratories. The same old flag
waves from the flag-staff but the n eeds of the body of American citizens have heen di splaced beneath it by the n eeds of
the mind and th e spirit.
Farewell, old Tremont. Hail, for generations to come,
"Northwestern University Building!"

7

�ADDRESS ON PRESENTING THE KEYS OF THE BUILDING TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY.

Hon. Oliver H. Horton, First Vice President of the Board of
Trustees.

"ViTith an ·e arnest desire to see the dental, law and pharmaceutical schools properly hou sed and pr ovided with all necess ary appointments and accessories, the Trust ees have provided
for their use this great building, with its furni shings, at a cost
of about $900,000. Nearly 1,000 young m8n assemble daily
within th ese halls. ,¥hen location and surroundings and the
opportunities presented for special investigation, obs·ervation
and practice are considered in connection with this buiidin:s
and its magnificent appointments and capacity, \t may he
doubted wh0ther any other such schools are any better, if as
well, provided for or equippe d.
And now, Mr. President, by the authority and in the name
of the Trustees of Northwestern University, I pres0nt to you
the keys of these halls as an emblem of the added responsibility resting upon you. We have no h·e sitation in doing so,
because we doubt not your -qualification or your de,·otion to
the interests we represent."

8

�ADDRESS OF ACCEPTANCE.
President Edmund J. Jame s of Northwestern University.

Mr. Chairman, Colleagues, and Friends:
In the na;:ue of the Faculties of Northwestern University
I accept the trust which these keys symbolize and on their behalf I feel that I can pledge to the fullest extent their hearty
co-operation in administering the trust thus accepted.. The
completion of this building and its dedication to university
purposes is an ·e vent fu ll of th·e deepest significance and importance, not only for those of us who are here today, but for
that long line of m en and women who will succe·e d us in thcJ
administration of this trust and for the community in w11ic'h
thi-s institution is located and the country which it serve3. 'I'he
creation and administration of this building represent in a
very striking way the co-operation between two important
factors in the life of every American university-the Trustees and Faculties. The idea of acquiring this building originated, I understand, not with a memb'er of the Faculty, but
with a member of the Trustees. It was, thanks to the foresight, initiative enterpris e, energy and co-operation of the
Trustees, that this work has been carried through to the magnificent succ ess which greets us today. The immediate ·execution and supervision of the work, however, was entrusted to a
man who represents in himself at once the qualities of a
Trustee and m emb er of the Faculty. And I am sure that I
am only voicing the opinion of the Trustees, as well as of the
Faculties, when I expr ess in this formal way the appreciation
of every · member of this University for the devoted service
of Dr. Rob'ert D. Sheppard. He as chairman of the building committee, has actually proposed and carried through the
plans which the Trustees endorsed and authorized. Tlhe work
of Northwestern University is certainly quite as much the
result of the devoted sacrifices and toil of th·e members of
the Board of Trustees as it is of the efforts and labors of tiie
Faculti'es. And on behalf of the Faculties, I feel i·.hat I may
express to our Board of Trustees the hearty appreciation of
their services on behalf of this institution.
I remember asking President Eliot of Harvard University
9

�years ago what h·e considered as the most important element
in bringing about the wonderful success which stands forth
today as the result of his efforts as President of Harvard University. "I think the greatest element," he said, "has been
the co-operation and support in the corporation of the University of a number of men whose untiring industry and devotion to the University, whose sood judgment, whose energetic
efforts on its b'ehalf have made possible the results of the
last thirty years of development." Northwestern University
has also been fortunate in its Trustees. We have several
men on our Board who for more than twenty-five years have
given, lavishly of their time and strength.
,¥e regret today on this great occasion the absence of
the President of the Board of Trustees, Mr. William Deering,
a man who for more than a quarter of a century has carried
Northwestern University on his mind and heart as one of the
objects of his greatest interest and care and thought. It is
not simply that he has given his money, which we have needed badly enough and which he has contributed liberally, but
that year in and year out he has given to the University a.
thought, a service, without which it could not have accomplished its present results.
Nor on this fifty-second anniversary of Founders' Day
should we forget the devotion and sacrifice of thos-e early
men who laid broad and deep the foundation upon which we·
are building. They sowed, we are reaping. They planned ancl:
toiled and we are entering into the results of their labors.
The only return we can make to them is to plan still more
largely and to toil still more unremittingly that those who
come after us may have a still greater privilege.
Northwestern University represents in its growth one of
the typical forms of -development of t':le modern American
university. It was begun as a col\.ege department-a College
of Liberal Arts-with a four years' course, granting the degr-ee of Bachelor of Arts, and around this has grown up as
around a nucleus a group of other schools of more or less
im1portance. Some of .them owe t'iieir orig,i nal existence to
the initiative of the University Board of Trustees. Oth·ers.
have grown up in the first place as independent schools and
then subsequently have been taken into the university syslem, and have thus become an integral part of the institution.
It may from one point of view be compared with our federal
system of government, in which the various faculties or departments may be compared with the different states as they
10

�were at the time the American Union was formed, ·e ach with
its own independent powers, with its own independent sph·e re
of action and function, with its own means of government,
and yet all co:nbined in one institution. Like the American
Union at the outset, it was a mere feileration, the emphasis
lying in the constitu-ent elements of the Union, rather than
in the new body created by the union of the different elements.
Like the American Union of today there has occurred a
steady shifting of the center of thought from these constituent elements to the ·one great result-the organic creation
of which these are now in a true sense parts. And it is
only within a comparatively recent time that the real university spirit has begun to s'how itself-&lt;a spirit test,ifying to
the real soul within the body.
We are, therefore, today an institution with a college department as the nucleus, the foundation, and a group of ·professional schools growing up about it, becoming ever more intimately associated with it and with one another in this new
and higher life of the University. The process is not by any
means complete. We are living in the very midst of it. Th~
erection of this buiMing, however, its occupancy by three
of our professional schools, its ·e vident usefulness to all d·epartments of the University, typifies and shadows forth a new
stage into w·hi-ch thi,s University is entering-a stage from
which the true University may be expected to emerge. It has
not been a very long time since most of tl113 colleges looked
upon the professional schools as mere appendages, and sometimes unwelcome appendages, to the real institution, which to
their minjs consisted only of the college. It has not been so
very long since the University Board of Trustees looked upon
the professional school as a department which ought to defray
not only its expense,s, but ought to yicln a surplus or net
revenue for the use of gen-e ra! university purposes which
they thought of as identical with the college of liberal arts.
It is safe to say that that time has passed away. We see
with p·e rfect clearness today that if we wish to make a thoroughly good law school, equipped for the best kind of work
which we should like to see characteristic of all departments
of Northwestern University, we must be prepared to obtain
endowments for the 1law school exactly as- for the college.
We have had striking evidence within the last four or five
years throughout the country that if we propose to enable
our medical school to hold in the future the same high relative position which it has held in the past, we must be pre11

�pared to expend money upon • its equipment, upon its salary
list, upon its libraries and laboratories, in exactly the same
way as we expend money on a college department and graduate schools and technical schools.
The day of the old form of the proprieury professional
school has passed away. The day when a few men who
liked the sound of the word "professor" could unite themselves into a Faculty and, be,cause of the ·e xtra practice which
such a prominence gave them and which the increased acquaintance with students brought them, could give their time
to the school free of charge and thus build up a satisfactory
school, has pass·e d away. The day has passed away when
men can organize such schools with the idea of obtaini:n.g a
large pecuniary return such as came to the members of
faculties -Orf so;ne sc'hoo.Js in the early days. When the community decided to take away from the professional school
the power of conferring upon its .graduates a licens·e to practice, it took one of the most important steps in the way of
improving the conditions of professional education which
have ever been taken. For by so doing it ,gave to the school
which was willing to provide adequate facilities for the education of the student that patronage which in the interest of
society it should have.
And with this new ·e ra has come a change quite as
remarkable in the attitude of the professional student toward
the institution where he pursues his professional work. The
professional student down to within a very short time acted
toward the professional school as one might suppose he
would act toward an institution the members of whose faculti-es assumed the attitude of the old-fashioned professional
instructor. He looked upon the professional school as a
place to buy something which h·e wanted. He felt that his
duty was clone fully sattsfied, when 'he paid his money, in
return for which he received certain instruction-with a
very similar spirit to that which you or I have when we go
into a corner grocery and deposit a quarter for a pound of
fish or a package of sugar. We have no other feeling than
that of mere business. This was the relation of the professional student toward his institution, but with every
approach of the professional school to the university and the
university spirit, with every union among professional
schools and colleg.e s into a un.iversity, has come a tendency
to take a new and higher view of one's relation toward the
institution. An ethical relation is immediately establshe1J
12

�between the institution and· the student who enters t'.i:J.e
confines of the university-a relation whose influence for
good is beyond the power of calculation. We believe
that we see already in the few short weeks th,a.t have elapseJ
since this building was opened for work a marked change
in the attitude of the students of our professional schools
toward the students in other departments, toward the school
itself toward the university as a whole. And we conficlentl:\i
believe that this attitude is destined to grow more and moro
into that of a loving son toward a cherishing mother-a
feeling of indebtedness on one side, a similar de,s ire to do
service on the other-a relation out of which will spring a
higher -e thical standard-a far more efficient professional
equipment and far more ideal relation toward all one's 'Cluties
inside and outside of the university.
The relative advantages of univ-ersities located in small
towns and in large cities have often been discussed. I presume that the discussion wiH continue as long as some institutions are in great citi-es and some are in small country
towns. There are undoubtedly distinct advantages associated
with both types of institution, and so far as I s-ee the only
sensible thing for any institution to do is to ex:ploit its
particular advantages in such a way as to do the largest
possible s-e rvice to the community in which it is located.
The fact that nearly three thousand students have registered
for work in the degree giving departments of Northwestern
during the present academic year and that nearly another
thousand have registered for work in the preparatory school
and co-operating schools of the University is an ample
demonstration that this institution is doing a great and
useful and needeJ service. It must by the law of its own
life, develop in the most complete way, equip itself for the
very highest service of which it is capable. I do not know
what the future may have in store for us as to the location
of our various departments. They may remain, some as they
are in the heart of this great city-some in that most beautiful of suburban cities-Evanston. The development of this
institution may, however, make it desirable to locate them
elsewhere, but I am confident that we shall he able to meet
each particular problem as it presents itself successfully. I
am confident that we can not only maintain the existing
standards of ·existing departments, but that we can improve,
we can raise these standards, we can improve the facilities,
we can add to. these departments until we have in every
13

�respect a w ell rounded and complete institution, fully organized for the highest quality of work. We are at present a
city university. vVe have the advantages and the disadvantages of such a school. It has been to a certain extent imposed upon us by a development of which our predecessors
were largely unconscious. Ours it is to take up the multiform problems which present themselves in every one of
these departments, and in the 'llew departments which shall
be added, and give to them that faithful care, continuous
attention which will insure the best results.
I may say to the people of this community who are
interested in our welfare and who are watching our development with sympathy, and who will come to our support in
proportion as we do our duty, that we can pledge to them our
best servic'e, not simply in making this building the center
of a great group of educational forces of every kind which
shall serve this community, but in erecting new buildings,
in planning n e w departments, in extending still further the
facilities which we have created and opportunities which are
opening before us . 'i1/e extend to our Board of Trustees again
our :nost cordial thanks, and bespeak their co-operation and
support in this good work to which they have called us,
which we have assumed and which thereby is becoming a
common burden and common responsibility. And whatever
glory or honor may r esult will be a common glory and common honor to trustees and faculties alike.
It wou ld hardly be proper to close my remarks without at
least a word of congratulation to the students who are privlleged to find the facilities for their work in this great building, with this magnificent equipment, in this convenient location. I believe it is not too much to say that no law school
in the heart of any great city in the world is hetter housed,
better located, better equipped, not merely for profes-s ional
study and professional work, but for the cultivation of those
finer sides of academic life which spring from the association
in oll'e great institution of so many young men of many
different minds and many different trainings_
There are advantages, of course, in a law school situated
in the country. Th·ere are other and great advantages in
the law school located in the heart of a great city, in the
pulsating life of the community of which th·e se young men
will so soon be a part, in a great center of the courts of
justice and legal libraries and business of the community,
where aH these influences by their subtle forces can work

14

�-

in upon the mind of the young man and develop him to the
ll.ighest point of his usefulness; and these advantages-such
as they are, are ours; for our school and this location.
Certainly a mere glanc·e at the great clinic room on th-3
'Sixth floor and an exa·: nination of the lecture rooms and
laboratories grouped about that instrumentality will be sufficient to convince anyone that no school in the vory heart
of a great city anywhere in the world is better equipped for
the most thorough sort of scientific and practical work than
the dental ·s chool in this building. There are certain advantages for the study of the sciences in the plan of uniting
the medical and dental stud·e nts. These peculiar advantages
are not curs. There are on the other hand still greater advantages in the system of providing separate faciliti-es for
the study of thes-e sciences, such as anatomy, physiology,
'etc., for the dental students. These are the advantages we
1&gt;ossess, and it is our duty to utilize them to the very fullest
-extent, to minimize their defects, to magnify their excellence, to work them in a word to the very fullest extent of
,our ability.
The men who have examined the faciliti-es which we
•offer in th·e School of Pharmacy tell me that they are not
surpassed by any other plant, by any other opportunities to
be found in the heart of a great city. If so, it is our duty
to utilize them in a way which will be of the largest advantage to the student. I feel, therefore, like congratulating
,our students upon the greater opportunities and facilities
which this building will offer to them in every department
of their work, and I have no doubt mys-elf that they will
Tespond to these increased facilities and opportuniti-es in a
new spirit, with a new vigor, and go out from us into the
.great world beyond prepared in a far more thorough way
than any of their predecessors for the r esponsibilities which
the life of the world will bring with it."

Brief congratulatory addresses w~r e made by repre·sentatives from other universities and schools, after which
the exerdses were concluded with a hymn and the benediction.

15

�In the evening at the Auditorium, before an audience·
numbering nearly four thousand, the degree of Doctor of·
Laws, honoris causa, was conferred upon eac·h of the following ]Jersons: James Barr Ames, Albert Benjamin Prescott,.
William Williams Keen, and the degree of Doctor of Science,.
honoris causa, upon Edward Cameron Kirk. After the con-·
ferring of degrees President Arthur Twining Hadley of Yale·
University delivered the address of the evening, his subject .
being, "The Place of the Professional School in the Modern.
American University."

Hi

�THE PLACE OF THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE
MODERN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY.
By Arthur Twining

Hadley, President of Yale University.

There are two traditioI\al conceptions of a universitythe German and the, English. The G-e rman regards it primarily as a group of professional schools. It has its three
faculties avowedly devoted to the instruction of candidates.
in theology, law and medicine; and a fourth facu lty, which
until the last century was a sort of college of arts, designed
to prepare the pupil for these professional schools, but which
has now become a department of philosophy, intendeJ1 for
the training of t eache-rs and investigators. To an institution
which has these four faculties the German gives the na:ne
"university"; to one which does not possess them he denies.
the, right to the name.
Opposed to this is the English conception, which takes
little or no account of professional education. The Engli.shman regards the university as a place where, to quote the
woris of President Wilson, " many are traine,J, to the love of
letters and science, and a few to their successful pursuit."
A college or group of colleges which does thiJ is regarded
as obtaini.n g thereby the ri,:\"ht to the title "university." Pro
fession-al schools naturally tend to group themselves about
such colleges, but, in the opinion of those who hold the
English view, they are mere accidents of university development rather than its essential features.
I do not believe that either of these, views, in its extrem e
form, is correct. I would not, indeed, deny the title univers ity to an institution which was successfully conducted
either on the old Eng!is•h model or on the old German mo:l.el;.
but I b"elieve that in each case it would fall sh ort of the full
realization of what a university can be anj ought to be.
If it consists almost entirely of professional schools, it
tends to lose that spirit of idealis m which is important at all
times, and never more so than in America today, It becomes practical in the bad S'ense of the word rather than in
the good one. To a certain extent every univ ersity shoul ct
be practical. It shoujj adapt means to ends in education.

17

�It should show its students how to ,d'0 public service. But if
it goes one step farther and confines its attention to those
things which bring a visible r eturn, it does great harm.
It is essential to the future of the nation that there should
be men who look at the service rather than th·e rewardmen with whom things of sentiment count for just as much
as things of business; and it is perhaps the highest duty
-of the university, in its teaching of science and letters, of
morality and r eligion, to cultivate this way of looking at
things. If it fails to do this it will, in an old country like
'Germ any, become imbued with the spirit of officialism; in
a new country like America, with that of commercialism.
On the other hand, a university of the English type is
likely to fall into idealism in the bad sense of the word.
Ev-ery university should be dominated by ide,a lism to this
•extent: that it should be in spired by nobl e and far-reaching
motives , and shouh'!- inspire such motives in its students .
"But if this idea1ism becomes unpractical, and is made an excuse for not giving effect to thePe motives in the every-day
work of the world, it is bad. Without the infusion of a
strong ·e lement of profe,s sional study into university life, the
danger of this unpractical idealism becomes a serious one.
It is the duty of a university to teach disinterested service.
1f its at:nosphere becomes exclusively professional it teaches
'service, but not disinterestedness; if it becomes exclusively
non-professional it teaches ,d,i sinterestedsess but not service.
It is our problem to combine the two.
Fortunately, the American university ideal, so far as it has
been form ed, recognizes Ure need of this combination.
There was indeed a time, especially during th·e eighteenth
century, when American views were much narrower. The
·e arly American college was an attempt to reproduce, as far
as the circumstances admittecl, the colleges of Oxford and
of Cambridge, which constituted the type of higher education
most familiar to the majority of the colonists. The circumstances of organization differed wid•e ly in different colonies.
·Harvard was established on the basis of a legacy, .small ·b y
pres·e nt standard s , but for that day very large. William and
Mary was chartered by the state of Virginia and aided by
private subscription. Yale was the outcome of the co-operative effort of ministers in differnnt parts of Connecticut.
Princeton was the result of the organized activity of the
New York Presbytery. Columbia enjoyed the favor of a
Toya! charter and substantial a dvantages connected there18

�with. But all these clivergences of origin macle more notice-able the existence of a common type of stucly, common
methocls of government, ancl common purposes of trainingall on the English moclel.
The question i.q so:netimes asked whether these early
American colleges were intencled as copies of English institutions or as places of education for the ministry. The trueanswer probably is that the two went hand in hancl. To the·
mincls of the colonists, south a&lt;1 well as north, one of these
objects was bouncl up with the other. It is -significant that
William and Mary College, perhaps more indepenclent of
theological influences in its founclation than any other, was
the one in whose act of incorporation the purpose of ministerial training is most explicitly emphasized. Throughout
the whole of English-speaking America, in the periocl of
colonial organization , the clergy was the one profession in
whose ranks the need• for a consiclerable number of learnej
men was felt, ancl it was for that very reason also the ou-e
to whose hancls the direction of education was largely entrustecl.
Of special preparation for callings other than the ministry, these infant colleges did little or nothing. Our early
professional schools of law and medicine grew up somewhat
at random, wherever an able teacher or group of teachers
might happen to make their abiding place. Sometime-s
incleed, this would be in connection with a college, as was
the case with the schools of medicine which were founded
in Philadelphia and in N·ew York toward the close of the
eighteenth century, or the various professional schools which
grouped themselves about Harvard ancl Yale during the early
years of the nineteenth. Sorneti:nes they were connected
with acaclemies, as in the case of the meclical college at Fairfield, New York. Sometimes they stooj by themselves, wholly
independent o,f affiliations with any other school whatever.
like the celebrated law school at Litchfield, Connecticut.
The success of these institutions was to a singular
clegr-ee inclependent of their location. Fairfield Medical College was in an obscure village on the borders of the Adironclacks. Yet Fairfield, under the leadership of Dr. Willoughby,
could boast more stuclents than attended the lecture halls
in Boston, New York, or Philadelphia, and it not only trained
the bulk of its pupils for the practice of medicine, but turned
to the study of biological science a man like Asa Gray.
Even more conspicuous in its indepenclence of accessory ajjs
19

�was th e law school at Litchfield. Founded in a small country town, r emote from important cities or courts, it dep ended
fo r its streng th upon the per sonality of its two professors,
Judge R eeve and Judge Gould. It n ev-er was incorporated.
It appears t o have had no syst em of final examinations, a
week ly exa mination or r eview of the work constituting the
most definite t est which the school attempted to imposea nd this· a s a mean s of enabling the Qtudents to test their own
lm owledge, rather than to have it inspecteJ or certified from
outside. It n ever r eceived an endowment nor gav-e a deg r ee. For the first thir,,l of its existence, from 1782 to 1798,
there is no r ecord of the names of the students who attended
it . But of t hose who complet ed its cours,e of stud y during
the Temaining years of
its operation, sixteen became
United States Senators, fifty member,s of Congress, fort.,,judg es of 'nigher state courts, eight •chief justices of state -, ,
1Jwo justices of the United States Supreme Court, ten governors of s tates and five ca:binet ministers Tile .,ignificance of
these numbep.:; will ap•p ear when we remember that for the
period of greatest activity of the school this m1mber of
sixteen senators r epresented approximately half of the
United States Senate.
But while the history of these schools and their pupils
illu strates the possibilities of academic freedom , it also
illustrates i.n ·e qual measure how pr-e carious is the attainment of these possibilities and how wholly dependent on
the activity of one or two individuals. It is noticeable that
after the death of Judge Reeve the Litchfield Law School
produced no more Calhouns and Ellsworths and Claytons.
After Dr. Willoughby retired from active service of instruction Fairfiel,d Medical College sank at once from its position
of dominance to a place wholly secondary. The work of
these schools was the work of individuals, and subjected to
all the chances which attend the individual life anJ health.
However great might be their success at the moment, these
unorganizeJ.1 teaching institutions could not in the i!ong run
compete with others which had such organization and endowment as would give continuity ,t o their influence. Just
as in mediaeval times the brilliant instruction in the independent schools founded by men like Ab'elard was gradually
superseded by the formation of well developed universiU:es
with a local habitation and name and history, so in th·e
United States of AJmerica six centuries later, the professional school which derived its power from the single man

20

�-or group of men gave plac·e t o one whose collegiate conneet ion r ender ed its position a nd influence historic.
Even apart from th e n eed fo r such continuous history,
t her e was enough common ground of interest between the
,college and the professional school to make the concurrence
o f the two a mutual ,s timulus, if not an actual source of
economy. The colleges, being alr,e ady in some m easure
en dowed, could n ot be moved. Therefor e the professional
.s cho ols t end eJ1 to g r avitat e toward the colleges, either at
their inception or soon afterwards. For whatever be the
respe ctive weight of brains anJ of capital in the organ_ization of a university, the former is on the whole ·e asier to
move than the latter. Ther e was indeed a partial exception
in the cas e of divinity schools, which, being more fully ,endow ed than schools of medicine or of law, had their local
habitation correspondingly fixed. But in s pite of this
exception, the first half century of our national lif.e wit·n essed the group.ing of t'i:l.e professional school.a aroun,d foe
older colleges, espe cially where those colleges were located
in cities of considerable size. Columbia and Pennsylvania
both hruJ their department of m edicine before the close of
the last century, and a generation later there were not a few
institutions which haJ, in name at least, the apparatus of a
·university, with its four traditional faculties of law, theology,
medicine and arts . By the middle of the nineteenth century
:this combination of college and prof.easional sd:10ols had
become establish·e d as the typical American university. To
this type all our leading institutions-denominational or
_general, public or private-tended sooner or later to
gravitate.
The 'l)revalen,ce of this type and its essentia,l ·a daptation
to American condition s wer.e emphasized by the failure of
,,certain attempts to diverge to another type wherein college
·and professional schooLs shouM: be more closely combined.
'This combination of •c ollege and prof.essdonal irnstruction was
a favorite iclea of Thomas Jefferson; and in the establishment of the University of Virginia he obtained an excell~nt
,opportunity to realize this ideal. Ten professorships were
-establish·ed, whose character, when they are compared with
·those of any other contemporary institution in this country,
,shows clearly enough the trend of Jefferson's purposesfirst, ancient languages; second, modern languages; third,
pure mathematics; fourth, mathematical physics; fifth,
,chemistry and mineralogy; sixth, botany and zoology; sev-

21

�enth, anatomy and medicine; eighth, government; ninth,.
law; tenth, idiology-which is further defined as general
grammar, et'ilics, rhetoric, belles lettres and thie fine arts.
An even more conspicuous attempt to realize Jefferson's.
purposes and follow his ideas is found in the original territorial charter of the University of Michigan, which in its
way is a classical document, and whose opening I cannot
refrain from quoting in full.
"AN ACT to establish the Catholepistemiad, or University
of Michigania (1817).
Be it enacted by the Governor and the Judges of the,
Territory of Michigan , That ther.e shall be in the said Terri-

tory a Catholepistemiad, or University, denominated th·eCatholepistemiad or University of Michigania. The Catholepistemiad or Univer,;;ity of Michigania shall be com-·
posed of thirteen Didaxum, or Professorships; first, a
Didaxia, or Professorship of Cathole,pistemia, or universal
sci'ence, the Didactor or professor of which shall be President
of the institution; second, a Didaxia or professorship of Anthropoglossica, or literature, embracing all the Epistemum
or sciences relative to language; third, a Didaxia or professorship of Mathematica, or Mathematics; fourth, a Didaxia
or professorship of Physiognostica or Natural History; fifth,
a Didaxia or professorship of Physiosophica or Natural Philosophy; sixth, a Didaxia or professorship of Astronomia, or
Astronomy; seventh, a Didaxia or professorship of Chymia,
or Che:nistry; eighth, a Di&gt;J-axi-a or professorship Iatrica or
Med ical Sciences; ninth, a Didaxia or professorship of
u econo:nia, or Economical Sciences; -tenth, a Didaxia or professorship of Ethica, or Ethical Sciences; eleventh, a Didaxia
or professorship of Polemitactica, or Military Sciences ;
twelfth, a Didaxia or prof.essorship of Diegetica, or Historical
Sciences, and, thirteenth, a Didaxia or professorship of
Ennoeica, or Intellectual Sciences, embracing all the Epistemum or science relative to the minds of animals, to the
human mind, to spiritual existence, to the Deity, and to Religion; the Didactor or professor of which shall be Vice
President of the Institution ."
Yet Michigan, in spite of these ambitious preliminarie-s,
reverted to the old type where college and professional
school were aggrega,ted sid·e by side, rather than clos-ely
united with one another. And it is needless to tell an audience like this what unriva:leJ, work Michigan did on the ol,l
lines; while Virginia, which adh·ered to its original form of

22

�instruction and organization, r emained isolate d. Not only
did other im,titutions fail to follow its example, but its influ ence on the science and scholarship of the country
r emain ed far less than was exp·e cted. I do not wish to
ignore the high character and eminent services of that instit ut ion. It sent out a large numb er of excellent men, who
wer e well taught and who owed much to this teaching. But
all this merit of the university and of its gmduates only
ser ves to e mphasize its cardinal failure in that on which
Jefferson would have laid the most stress-its failur e to
assum e that position of leadership to which its organization
and resources seemed to entitle it. We may regard it as
settled by the logic of history that the American university,
for the pres ent at any rate, shall have both its school of
.arts as a center of ideaHsm and its several professional
schools as means of p,r actical realization of the ideals.
But there are equally i:nportant questions bearing on the
future of the professional schools, which are by no means
thus settled. One of these deals with the proper mefood of
-co-ordination between the different parts of a university.
:Shall we regard the college as a sort of preparatory department, through which all should, if possible, be made to pass
o efore they enter the professional schools? Or shall we
regard the different departments, collegiate and professiona:.
as existing side by side? For some kinds of professional
training this question answers itself. No institution, so far
as I am aware, tries to require a previous college course as
preliminary to taking up the study of engineering or technology. We have today many schools which furnish excellent courses of training for these professions, wherein the
acaJemic ,an,J the technical elements are skH!fully combined
-courses intended to give to the student breadth of interest,
while at the same time preparing him for the special needs
•of his subsequent career. To say that these things cannot
•effectively be combined anJ that it is impossible to unite the
education of the specialist with that of the gentleman, is
to ignore the work done by institutions like West Point and
Annapolis, not to speak of that of the many excellent technical schools which are scattered throughout the country. It
is to shut one's eyes to the history of the Sheffield and Lawr ence Sci-entific Schools, and of many of the most ·e fficient
departments of Cornell. Nay, the assimilat10n of collegiate
and of techn,i cal courses has become so close that it is impossible to say where one type ceases and the other begins.

23

�To quote the words of a keen obs·e rver of the trend of
d·e velopment in these matt.er s: " The differen ce between
collegiate and technical schools has become one of degree·
rath·e r than of kind."
It is only for the so-called "learne d" professions of
theology, law a nd medicine tha t the preliminary course in
college is anywhere demanded 'a s a prerequisite; and even
in these cases I believe that this r equirement is a mistake.
It perpetuates a ,,fiistinction between learnej and unlearned
which is contrary to the spirit of America:n institutions.
Its tendency is to shut out boys whose fathers have no,
money from the practice of th e callings which it affects. I
also believe that it will tend to lower the standard of our
collegiate degrees. For if we are to require a certain degree
of all c andidates for law or medicine, we ,s hall be under
constant pressure to reduce the requirement for that degree·
to the minimum which it is easy to eixact of ,a ll. Let the
preliminary ex31m,inations of our professional ,s chools be fixed
as high as may be necessary ; but let us not, in lieu of such
r eal r equirement, insist on preliminary residence at a col-·
legiate institution from thos,e who lack •e ither the mon ey or
the inclination to profit th er eby. An.J., let u s be permitted in
th e futur e, as we have been in the past, to construct our
collegiate -c ourses to ·: neet the n eeds of those who want them.
instead of reconstructing t.h em to meet th e neeJ:s of t'hose
who do not want them.
There• is a second question concerning th e position of
our professional s chools, less prominently in the for eground
of public discussion, but no less important. Shall we consider it their a im to prepar e men for practical service in
their -sever31l ca1lings? Or shall we regard them a s places of
r esearch, whose contribution to scientific progress furnishes.
their main justification and whose t eaching work is only
incid•e ntal ?
There was a time when the former object was kept in
view, often in ,t he most short-sighted fashion to the complete·
exclusion of the latter. Our early: schools of law and medicin e, and e,v en of th eology, were for the most part purely
technical in their character. They wer e intenjed to substitute a tra ining in the classroom for a part of that training
which a generation earlier the man who intend ed to be, a
lawyer or a phy,s ician had received iin the office of some profess ional m an of standing. The t eaching of practice was
made far more important than the teachin g of theory . To
24

�write a prescription, to collect a note, to compose a sermon;
these were the things which the students who r.esorted to the·
professional schools of the beginning of the century most
desired to learn. As a consequence, there was relatively·
little scientific training. It is noted in the advertisement of
the Litchfield Law School, as a distinctive feature which
makes this school superior to others of its kind, that iL
teaches the principles which govern the whole law in its
var,ious .applicatiorus, and that whenev,e r t~e opinions upon
any point are contradictory, the •a uthorities are cited and.
the arguments pr-e sented in a clear and concise manner,.
together with the lecturer's own views; further, that the·
·e xamination or review at the end of the week involves an
investigation of t'~rn pr,in-ci,p les in ·each rule, and not merelysuch questions as can be answer-e d from memory, withqut
exercise of judgment. That these things should be stated
publicly as absolutely distinctive casts light on what was
allowed to pass muster at law schools in other places. Nor•,foes it appear that the in.struction in the major,ity of medical.
school,s was more scientifically arranged than in the law·
schools. Many of these here present can remember the time,
when the idea of arranging medioal stud,ies in .an orderly
sequence, with scientific theory at the foundation and practical details reserved for the later years of the course, wasregarded as novel and startling. With the scientific basis of
teaching thi1s unrecognized, it was hopeless to expect full
development of those laboratory facilities which are now
regar-d ed as fundamentally essential, a1ike for the traiining;
of the student and for stimulating th·e professor.
In the schools of theology the instruction was perhaps a
little bett€r ,g raded, for the teaching given ,b y the colleges in
languages and philosophy provided a good theoretical st·a.rting point for courses in exegesis or in homiletics. But th e·
possibility of free inv,e stigation or progressive research was
no greater than in the law or medical schools. In fact, iL
was even less; for the majority of schools of theology had
in their endowments conditions which compelled the profes-sorial body to teach particular creeds, formulated in the
conservative fashion of a bygone day, and not always easy·
to reconcile with the results of progressive criticism. In
some of these institutions -it was required not only that the·
professors must subscribe to a certain creed at the outset,
but that they must at stated intervals renew their subscription. In th·e incisive words of Dr. Leonard Bacon concerning;

25

�a s chool of divinity whose methods he disapproved, they
made each candidate for a professorship assent to a creel
which showed that he knew nothing when he went there, and
they further provided that at intervals of five years he should
r epeat 'his signa:ture to the sa::ne ,creeJ, for fear that ,by some
unforeseen chance h e might learn something after h e got
there.
T he r eaction against this vi ew wa s natural and salutary;
but it seems to m e that we have today, in some places at
any rate, gone to th e other extreme. Far be it from me to
.say one word which might seem to depreciate the value of
r esearch. It is a thing of great importance to the community, and thos e who are engaged therein often show thems e,l ves all the better t eachers on that account. But we make
a mistake if we fix our eyes too exclusively on r esearch at
the expense of teaching and estimate the value of a university
solely on the form er basis. It may be true that one real jurist
is worth a hundred ordinary lawyers; that one ;nedical
di s coverer does more good than a thousand physicians; that
one prophet is worth ten thousand teachers of the conven•tional type. Nevertheless the .i nstitution which tries only to
make jurists, or discoverers or prophets wiH fail of giving
· the country the lawyers and doctors and ministers which it
wants . It is in the power of the professional school to be
:something more than a mere profession.al school, but not by
neglecting its plain duty of technical training. To emphasize
th e n eeds of practical life was the original function of the
organi zed professional school in univ e,r sity affairs; and, amid
all th e changes which have taken place in its position and
:influence, it is still charged with the same duty and investe l
with the same privilege.
Where the technical school exists side by side with tile
·college, this aspect of the matter will take care, of itself.
'There is no danger that our schools of civH or mechanical
•engineering or of architecture, or of applied chemistry, or
,of any other of the many s-cientific courses whic'n we have
,. developed, Wiil negl ect their teaching functions. The best
·of these schools will, indeed, do research work, and much
·of it; but th.is research will be carried on by the instructors
·and the students who remain after graduation in such a way
that it does not interfere with the course of study and dis·cipline which is intended to fit the larger body of unler~racluates for the work of practical life. Indeed, I think we
,may say that the distinguishing feature of the American
26

�universi ty sy;;tem as compared with that of German y, or·
even of France, is that we have side by side a great man y
different kinds of colleges, followed by a departm en t of
graduate instruction which serves and supplements them all..
The American graduate school is wider in its scope and at
the same time more practical in its methods than the so-•
called department of philosophy in any German university .
The department of philosophy in the Old World r epresents
the graduate instruction wluch naturally attached itself to
the work of a now obsolete college of arts; from which
college of arts, however , the schools of engineering a nd
mining and chemistry were excluded from participation . The
graduate school of the New World represents the much wider
group of stujies which follows collegiate courses in arts and
science both. It represents the research of men who are
engaged in the teaching of technology, not less than those
who are engaged in the teaching of literature, philosophy or
pure science. I am inclined to believe that it would be a
salutary thing if it went one step farther and included
within its sphere research work in law and medicine -and.
theology. There is no natural reason why these should be
excluded. There is no natural line which can be drawn.
between physiology and pathology, between institutional history and legal history, hetween ontological deduction and
theological deduction. Wherever in our American institutions these artificial lines of separation have been broken
down, the result has been salutary for the instructors, fo e
students and the general spirit of the plaee.
The one thing which maintains these somewhat arbitrary
jistinctions is the tradition that the schools of theology, law
and medicine are the::nselves graduate schools; that they are
co-ordinate with the department of philosophy rather than with
the college of arts; and that, in justice to their own superior
position of dignity, they must claim the right to do the kind
of work and use the kind of methods and seek the kind of
results which are appropriate for those who, in the departments of art anj technology, have finished their regularcourse and are now enjoying special training in the pursuit
of pure sci,3nce-in other words, that the student of law or
medicine must be treated as if he were a graduate student.
This is an essentially unnatural position. Nine-tenths of the
students of law and medicine and theology want ·a defined
course of study. They may not wish to have an absolutely
d·e finite curriculum, but what they want comes quite as n ear·

27

�to it as that which exists in the schools of technology, and
much nearer to it than what remains in most of our colleg.e s.
Jf, on account of a desire that all their students should be
graduates, however legitimate and proper that desire may be
-in its motives, they treat themselves as graJuate departments, it seems to me that one of two consequences must
follow. Either they will ,s acrifice their researches to the
curriculum, or they will sacrifice the curriculum to th8h'
:researches. The former has been, on the whole, the case in
Ger;nany and France, where, in spite of brilliant and honorable exceptions, the professiom3,l schools have been in per·petual danger of degenerating into routine. The latter is a
J)eril which, if the signs do not fail, besets some of our most
progressive institutions in America-the peril of sacrificing
the r eal inte,r ests of the many for the supposed interests of
the few. I say "supposed" interests, because I believe that
with a course of study more or less avowedly collegiate in
.i ts character, intended for those who were seeking the
straight road to the honorable practice of their profession,
followed by graduate courses in law or medicine or theology
for the minority who intended to deal with these subjects as
investigators, we could meet the necessities of both classes
in the long run quite as effectively as we do when we tend
to confuse the two.
It is too early to predict what will be the dominant type
of American university development in the next generation.
But I cannot refrain from expressing th·e hope that it will be
-one where every departiment assumes the burdens and. th &lt;l
_privileges of t eaching the many; where the r esearches of
th e few are made to help this teaching directly as well as inJirectly and not allowed to stand in its way; where the distinction between the collegiate_course and the more individualized graduate school will subsist, not for parts of the university, but for the whole. MaJJ.y influences seem to be
working in this dir-e ction. The ·e stablishment of well endowed institutes of research, acting in co-operation with
our universities, by relieving th·e m of some of the heaviest
vecuniary burdens incident to special investigations and by
r elieving the community of the ·e xpense which arises when
-such investigations are carried on competitively and piecemeal in a number of plaees, will bring home to the administrators of our educational institutions the importance of that
duty of teaching which they have boen sometimes pro,ne to
neglect, and will leave them free to use in that high calli'ng

28

�a larger vroportion of their income and their power than has
hitherto been possible. To him who believes that men ·e xist
for ,~cience' sake this will seem a lowering of the d,deal.
To him who believes that science exists for man's sake, this
will not be a lowering, but an ennobling, of ideals. For he
will understand that the contact with the affairs of daily
life which is furnished by the necessities of practical teaching of the many, though it may s·e em at times a vexation and
a snare, is the surest means of preventing our learning from
degenerating into a mere scholastic philosophy, and of making
it continue to be in the future, as it has been in the past, the
instrument of the largest public service. May this be the
view of those who are charged with determining the destinies
of Northwestern University; and may it be the high privilege of those who here teach and investigate thus to realize
tthe full measure of what such an institution can accomplish!

29

��.

�THE UNIVERSITY BULLETIN IS ISSUED QUARTERLY
BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

Entered as Second-Class Matter at the Post-Office
at Evanston, Ill.

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                <text>The special issue of the &lt;i&gt;Bulletin&lt;/i&gt; contains information on the dedication of the Professional School Building on Lake and Dearborn Streets, which took place the previous January. Although this issue was published for the University as a whole, it is included in this digital collection because the School of Law was one of the graduate programs housed in the building. </text>
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                <text>SERIES II NOVEMBER NUMBER BULLETIN OF NOR TH WESTERN UNIVERSITY CONTENTS Dedicatory Exercises Northwestern University Professional School Building Chicago. HISTORY OF THE BUILDING PAGE PROFESSOR ROBERT D. SHEPPARD. II. ADDRESS ON PRESENTING THE KEYS OF THE BUILDING TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY HON. OLIVER H. HORTON First Vice President Board Trustees. III ADDRESS ON A CC EPTING THE KEYS OF THE BUILDING P RF STDF. NT EDM UND J. JAMES. IV. ADDRESS THE PLACE OF THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE MODERN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY ARTHUR TWINING HADLEY EVANSTON CHICAGO PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY THE DEDICATION PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL BUILDING NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY FOUNDERS DAY ADDRESS BY PRESIDENT ARTHUR T. HADLEY OF YALE UNIVERSITY PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE MODERN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY. BRIEF ADDRESSES AT THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES BY PROFESSOR ROBERT D. SHEPPARD HON. OLIVER H. HORTON AND PRESIDENT EDMUND J. JAMES OF NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKEDEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO DEDICATION OF THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING. CELEBRATION OF THE FIFTY SECOND ANNIVERSARY OF FOUNDERS DAY. Founders Day Northwestern University Lake Dearborn Chicago. Assembly Hall President Hadley Yale University Law School Auditorium Chicago Founders Day Address President Hadley Place Professional School Modern American University. Barr Ames Harvard Law School Albert Benjamin Prescott School Pharmacy University Michigan William Williams Keen Jefferson Medical College Edward Cameron Kirk Dental School University Pennsylvania. Nearly Auditorium Hotel Professor Charles M. Stuart Garrett Biblical Institute Arthur R. Edwards Medical School Mitchell D. Follansbee Law School Robert L. Cumnock School Oratory Horace Butterworth Department Athletics Assembly Hymn Lobe Herrn Professor Amos W. Patten. Responsive Reading Chapel Service Selection Solo Diesen Heiligen Hall Mr. Harry Parsons Historical Statement Robe D. Sheppard D. D. Presentation Keys Hon Oliver H Horton Response President Edmund J. James Addresses By Representatives Universities. HISTORY OF THE BUILDING. Address Professor R. D. Sheppard. Northwestern University Northwestern University Chicago Founders Day Law School School Pharmacy Dental School Without Law School Dental School School Pharmacy. Board Trustees Representatives University Tremont House James B. Hobbs Sheppard Mr. Deering Board Trustees. University New York Mr. N. W. Harris Board Trustees Arrangements Univer D. H. Burnham &amp; Company. First M. E. Church Thomas Orchestra Central Church. Trustees. John Wesley Clark Street Schools Law Pharmacy Dentistry. Mr. John R. Lindgren Mr. ViT. A. Dyche Building Committee Controversies City Building University University Tremont House NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING Instead American Farewell Tremont. Hail Northwestern University Building ADDRESS ON PRESENTING THE KEYS OF THE BUILDING TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY. Hon. Oliver H. Horton First Vice President Board Trustees Trust Mr. President Trustees Northwestern University ADDRESS OF ACCEPTANCE. President Edmund J. James Northwestern University. Mr. Chairman Colleagues Friends Faculties Northwestern University American Trustees Faculties. Faculty Trustees. Trustees Trustee Faculty. Trustees Faculties University Dr. Rob D. Sheppard. Trustees Tlhe Northwestern University Board Trustees Faculti Faculties Board Trustees President Eliot Harvard University President Harvard University. University University Northwestern University Trustees Board President Board Trustees Mr. William Deering Northwestern University University Nor Founders Day Northwestern University American College Liberal Arts Bachelor Arts University Board Trustees American Union American Union Union Like American Union University University University University Board Trustees Northwestern University Northwestern University needeJ Evanston Board Trustees There School Pharmacy Brief Auditorium Doctor Laws James Barr Ames Albert Benjamin Prescott William Williams Keen Doctor Science Edward Cameron Kirk. After President Arthur Twining Hadley Yale University Place Professional School Modern. American University PLACE OF THE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN THE MODERN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY. By Arthur Twining Hadley President Yale University. traditioI German English. German English President Wilson English German America Germany America English American American American Oxford Cambridge Harvard William Mary Virginia Yale Connecticut. Princeton New York Presbytery. Columbia Toya English American English William Mary College Throughout English America Of Our Sometime Philadelphia York Harvard Yale Sorneti Fairfield New York. Litchfield Connecticut. Fairfield Medical College Adironclacks Fairfield Dr. Willoughby Boston New York Philadelphia Asa Gray. Even Litchfield. Judge Gould. Qtudents inspecteJ Temaining United States Senators Congress United States Supreme Court United States Senate. Judge Reeve Litchfield Law School Calhouns Ellsworths Claytons. After Dr. Willoughby Fairfiel Medical College United States Columbia Pennsylvania American Thomas Jefferson University Virginia Ten Jefferson Jefferson University Michigan AN ACT Catholepistemiad University Michigania Governor Judges Territory Michigan Territory Catholepistemiad University Catholepistemiad University Michigania. Catholepistemiad Univer Michigania Didaxum Professorships Didaxia Professorship Cathole Didactor President Didaxia Anthropoglossica Epistemum Didaxia Mathematica Mathematics Didaxia Physiognostica Natural History Didaxia Physiosophica Natural Philosophy Didaxia Astronomia Astronomy Iatrica Medical Sciences Didaxia Economical Sciences Didaxia Ethica Ethical Sciences Didaxia Polemitactica Military Sciences Didaxia Diegetica Historical Sciences Didaxia Ennoeica Intellectual Sciences Epistemum Deity Religion Didactor Vice President Institution Michigan Virginia Jefferson American West Point Annapolis Sheffield Cornell America Litchfield Law School Dr. Leonard Bacon American German France American German Old World New World American France America American Northwestern University THE UNIVERSITY BULLETIN IS ISSUED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY</text>
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                    <text>SUPPLEMENT
SERIES III

AUGUST_NOVEMBER, 1904

NUMBERII

NOR-THWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
CHICAG O-E VANSTON

BULLETIN
OF THE

SCHOOL OF LAW
(UNION COLLEGE OF LAW)
FOUNDED 1859

OFFICE OF PUBLICATION
NORTHWESTERN
LAKE AND

UNIVERSITY BUILDING

DEARBORN STREETS

CHICAGO

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY

NORTHWESTERN

UNIVERSITY

��CALENDAR OF SESSION, 1904-1905
1904.

September 26, Monday,
September 27, Tuesday,
September 28, \,Yednesday,
September 29, Thursday,
November 24, Thursda y,
December 23, Friday,
1905.

January S, Thursday,
January 26, Thursday,
January 30, Monday,
February 4, Saturday,
February 6, Monday,
February 22, ·wednesday,
May 20, Saturday,
May 25, Thursday,
June rs, Thursday,

Registration Day for New Students.
Registration Day for Applicants for
Advanced Standing.
Registration Day for Other Students.
Lectures Begin.
Thanksgiving Recess.
Lectures Close for Christmas Recess.
Christmas Recess Ends,
Begin.
Lectures Close.
Examinations Begin.
First Semester Ends.
Second Semester Begins.
V\Tashington's Birthday.
Lectures Close.
Examinations Begin.
Commencement Day.

MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS

Entered at the _Post Office at Chica~o. Ill., as second-class matte

1

Lectures

�REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY
FOR 1904.*
EDMUND JANES JAMES, Ph. D., LL. D. ,

President of the University.

JOHN HENRY WIGMORE,

(A . M., LL. B., Harvard University)

Professor oj Law and Dean of the Fq,culty.
HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD,
(LL. D .. Northwestern University)

Emeritus Professor of Law.
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE,

(A. M ., Yale University; LL. B .. Harvard University)

Associate Professor of Law.
ALBERT MARTIN KALES,

(A. B., LL. B., Harvard Universit y)

Associate Professor of Law.
SAMUEL ADAMS ,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice.
JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. B. , Northwestern University)

Assistant Professor in the Law of Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE,

(A. B., Amherst College; LL. B., Northwe•tern University)

Associate Professor of Law.
HENRY SCHOFIELD,

(A. 114., LL. B., Harvard University)

Professor oj Law.

LOUIS MAY GREELEY,

(A. B., Harvard University)

Professor in the Law of Conveyancing and Mortgages.
*Arranged, with the exception of President and Dean, within each 2roup in
the order of seniority of appointment.

2

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

3

LEVI HAR.PER FULLER.

(B. S., Upper Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State Univenity)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice.
FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD,

(A. M., Dickinson College; LL. M., Cornell University)

Professor of Law.

CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patents.
WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patent Practice.
OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Associate Professor in the Law of Patents.
MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. Lectursr on
Legal Ethics.
EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM ,
(A. B., Northwestern University)

Instructor in Voice Training and Forensics.
HENRY LEE PRESCOTT,

(A. B .• LL. B., Harvard UniTersity)

Instructor in Forensics.
JOSEPH ROBERT,

Instructor in Parliamentary Law.

CHARLES PICKARD,

Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright.

CHARLES BYRD ELDER,

(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Extraordinary Legal Remedies and!Judgments.
HENRY CLAY HALL,

(B. S., Wabash College ; LL. B. , Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Insurance.

FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Secretary of the Law School and of the Faculty.

��REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION AS
GIVEN IN 1904-.
FIRST YEAR.
FIRST TERM .

C011tracts-Three hours a week.

Keener's Cases on Contracts.
Professor WOODWARD.
Torts-Three hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts.
Professor VhGMOtiE.
Property (!)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. I, II. ( Personal property; tenures and estates in real property ;
fixtures, profits, easements, covenants running with land, rents.)
Professor KALES.
Co1111non Law Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week.
Ames' Cases on Pleading; Andrews' Stephen on Pleading.
Professor ADAMS.
Crimes and Criminal Proced·1 tre-Two hours a week. Beale's
Cases on Criminal Law.
Professor LEE.
SECOND TERM .
Contracts (continued)-Three hours a week.
Professor \Iv OODW ARD.
Torts (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor WIGMORE.
Prop erty (I) (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor KALES.
Com·mo11 Law Pleading and Proced11,re (continued)-One hour
a week. Lectures and practical exercises.
Professor ADAll!S.
Master and S ervaut in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Agency.
Professor WIGMORE.
Dam.ages-One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
SECOND YEAR.
FIRST TERM.

Evidence-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Evidence, 2d
Professor WIGMORE.
edition.
Trusts-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts.
Professor WooDWARD.
Agency- Two hours a week. \Vambaugh's Cases Ort Agency.
Prnfoss@r ·l,1n111s,
5

�6

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Comniercial Paper-Three· hours a week.
and Notes.

Ames' Cases on Bills
Professor HYDE.

Equity Jurisdiction-Thre e hours a week. Ames' Cases on Equity
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Jurisdiction.
Property (JJ}-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. III, IV. (Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including
deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including
Professor KALES.
descent, wills, administration, etc.)
Perso11s (Domestic Relatio 11s)-Two hours a week. Smith's
Cases on Persons.
Professor KALES.
SECOND TERM.

E,:idence (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor Vv'rGMORE.
RropertJ' (II) (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor KALES.
Equity Jurisdiction ( continued)-Three hours a week. Ames'
Cases on Equity Jurisdiction.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Quasi-Contracts-Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on QuasiProfessor WooDw ARD.
Contracts.
[Given in 1904-1905, and alternate years.]

Sales of Personalty-Three hours a week. Williston's Cases on
Professor WooDw ARD.
Sales.
[Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.]

Insurance (Fire and Life}-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Insurance.
Mr. HALL.
Equity Pleading and Pro cedure-Two hours a week. Fletcher
on Equity Pleading; and practical exercises.
Professor ADAMS.
THIRD YEAR.
FIRST TERM.
Corporations-Two hours a week.
tions.

Smith's Cases on CorporaProfessor LITTLE.

Procedure and Practice -in Illinois-Two hours a week.
Professor FOLLANSBEE.
International Law ( I )-Two hours a week. Scott's Cases on
International I.aw,
Professor HYDE,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

7

International Law (JJ)-American Treaties and Diplomacy; topics
Professor HYDE.
for re~earch. Two hours a week.
Sttret·y ship-Two hours a week.

Ames' Cases on Suretyskip.

Professor LITTLE.

fttdgments and Aiixiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments, Garnishment, Execution, etc.)-One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments.
Mr. ELDER.
C onstitittional Law-Three hours a week. Thayer's Cases on
Constitutional Law.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Property (lll}-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. V, VI. ( Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and
election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.)
Professor KALES.
Admiralty mtd M ariite lnsitrance-Three hours a week.
Professor HYDE.
Conveyancing-One hour a week. Drafting exercises, study of
selected abstracts, and lectures on practice.
Professor GREELEY.
Conflict of Laws-Three hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict
Professor HYDE.
of Laws.
Code Pleading and Proceditre-One hour a week. Cases on Code
Professor WOODWARD.
Pleading.
Practice Court-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes
prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students
as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as
judge.
Professor ,FULLER.
*Patents of Invention (!}-General Survey. Five lectures.
Professor LINTHICUM.
Parts II and III will not be given, unless at least twenty special
students apply for them before October 15.
(/l}-Patent Soliciting. Twenty lectures, with practical exerProfessor DYRENFORTH.
cises.

(III)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures.
Professor BA:RNETT.
•These three form a single course: the first part is open to all studentq; the
second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years, and to
special students, but cannot be taken separately. The nutnber of lectures is equiValent to two hours a week through the year, and vrQrk lu. t;hg course will therefore be
credited as four term hour,.,

�8

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.
SECOND TERM.

Corporations (continued)-Two hours a week (with exercises in
conducting corporate legal business, drafting instruments, etc.).
Professor LITTLE.
Bankrnptcy-Two hours a week. vVilliston's Cases on Bankruptcy.
Professor WooDWARD.
Constitutional Law (continucd)-Two hours a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Carriers-Three hours a week. McClain's Cases on Carriers;
Beale's Cases on Carriers.
Professor HYDE.
[Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.]
Conveyancing (continued)-One hour a week.
Professor GREELEY.
Mortgage$-Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages.
Professor GREELEY.
Public Officers-One hour a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
[Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.]
Practice Co11rt (continued)-Two hours a week, at a single
Professor FULLER.
session.
Pateiits of Invention (continued).
Professor BARNETT.
Property (III) (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor KALES.
Municipal Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on
Municipal Corporations.
Professor ScHoFiELD.
Partnership-T\'vo hours a week. Ames' Cases on Partnership.
Professor LITTLE.
E xtraordinary Legal R e·medies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto,
Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour a week.
Mr. ELDER.
Jurisdiction of Federal Cottrfs-One hour a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and eleven, the equivalent of nearly fifty -six
hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three year-groups, no first-year student
may take courses in the second or third year-groups without special
permission; and no second year student may take courses in the
third year-group (except Constitutional Law and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and a third-year student taking the
courses of Conveyancing and Property III n1ust already have taken
the courses of Property I and II. But any regular student i11~y take
any course offered in the group of the year for wiiicfl he is t!nteted; or
~-11¥ ~ourse not already taken by him in a precedii-lg year,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

9

COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE.

Trade-Marks and Copyrights-Six lectures.
Mr. PICKARD.
General Review-Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in
September and April, prior to the State examination for admiss.ion
to the bar.
Mr. DENT.
Legal Ethics-Five lectures.
Professor FOLLAN SBEE.
SCHEDULE OF HOURS.
The schedule of hours is so arranged that the courses are given
in general as follows : first year courses, between one and four
o'clock in the afternoon; second year courses, between nine and
twelve o'clock in the morning; third year courses, between three and
seven o'clock in the afternoon. The Practice Court is held in the
evening at half past seven.
SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING
AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.
In addition to the systematic instruction in the body of the law,
as represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to provide adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and
discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing
and speaking, which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer.
The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows:
I. Pleadings and Other lnstrmnents-ln the courses on Common
Law Pleading, Code Pleading, and Equity Pleading, in addition to
the systematic course of study, the student is given exercises in the
drafting of the various kinds of pleadings. In Corporations, the
class is formed, during the second term, into two corporations, which
organize, elect officers, issue stock, enlarge capital, keep books, consolidate, and do various other acts of corporate business which call
for the drafting of instruments and otherwise familiarize the student
with the modes of using the legal knowledge acquired. In the other
courses, particularly Commercial Paper, Carriers, Insurance, and the
like, particular attention is paid to the study of forms of instruments
in common use.
2. Conveyancing-In the course pn conveyancing the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title,
some fifteen in all, representing the greatest variety of document3
and proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy of each
abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the class, and a
detailed study is made of the various matters of form and substance
from the conveyancer's point of view, and with regard to the laws of
the different States. Thorough work in this course ought to equip
the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of 'his entering
upon his profession. No one may take this course who has not
already taken the courses Property I and II.

�10

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

3. Practice Coiirt-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the
rules of law. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the
third-year students to become practically familiar with these rules
by the personal application of them in litigation managed by the
student himself. The Court's sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three
cases are tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects. In the mean time, between the sess.ions,
numbers of causes are being prepared and advanced from .tage
to stage by the student-attorneys in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched, at the hearings, by the respective attorneys,
all other members of the class are required to attend and make
notes and reports of the work being clone, so that each one obtains
aome lilenefit also from what is done in his presence by others. A
faithful observance of the work of this course ought to give the
graduate such an experience in using his legal knowledge as will
assist him materially to start in his profession with greater readiness
and practical facility. The systematic pursuit of such work under
an experienced instructor obtains for the student the same results
as a period of desultory service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and accurate in quality. A copy of
the printed Rules of the Practice Court will be mailed to any one
upon request.
4. Legal Tactics-For the past two years, on every Monday
evening until April, an address was given, by some well-known
member of the Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he had had
special experience, and in which the communication of personal
experience was of special value as a guide to others. This course
has been of particular value to young practitioners already at the
Bar, and will be repeated in r904-r905, with some variations.
5. Thesis-It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original
research by students. Any member of the third-year class may
· therefore obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours
by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved
by a member of the Faculty before December rst. The the!lis must
be presented on or before May r5th of the year in which the student
·expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work should
be begun not later than December.
6. Public Speaking-The function of a lawyer, as the persuasive
adviser and leader of men, needs for its development some training
in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings,
and the like.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
FOLLOWING ARE THE REVISED REGULATIONS

11
FOR

THE WORK IN PUBLIC SPEAKING AND
MOOT COURTS IN 1904-5.
The instruction now provided under the heads of Public
Speaking and Moot Courts shall be consolidated into a single graded
course continuing through the three years.
The work in this course shall be required for graduation, beginning with all persons entering in 1904. Persons entering with
advanced standing who have not taken equivalent work elsewhere
are subject to the remaining requirements, applicable to the class
which they enter, except that a candidate for a degree in one year
may be exempted from specified parts of the work, or may be required to substitute the second year for the third year work.
The course at large shall be entitled Forensic vVriting and
Speaking. In the first year it shall be entitled, Forensics, Lectures
and Exercises; in the second year, Moot Court and Public Debate ;
in the third year, Practical Legal Advice.
The credit for work done shall be as follows : First year,
r term hour; second year, 1 term hour; third year, 1 term hour.
The first year work shall be as follows:

I. a. Parliamentary Practice; October; ( r) Elementary Course,
followed by examination; (2) advanced course, followed by an examination or thesis; this to be open only to not more than twenty
students passing the best examination in the elementary course, and
not to be a required part of the work.
b. Voice Training; November to January, inclusive; exercises
in sections of twelve or fifteen, once a week.
c. Legal _Arg11mentatio11 and Briefs; November to April, inclusive; once a week at 3 :45 P . M.; not more than twenty lectures
on Argumentation, accompanied by individual exercises in BrieJwriting, subject to private correction and public criticism by the
instructor.
d. Oral Forensics; May; the last two weeks before the final
examinations; all fir st year regular lecture courses ceasing, the corresponding hours are to be occupied by Oral Forensics in each course,
held by the Professor in that course, sitting with the instructor in

�12

NORTHWESTERN UNIVBRSITY.

Forensics. A list of numbered debatable propositions drawn from
the subjects of the respective courses shall be posted not later than
l\Iarch r.
For work clone in; parts a (!), b, c and d, combined, a credit of
one term hour is to be allowed.
The second year work shall be as follow s :

II. a. Moot Courts. In the second year a Moot Court shall be
held every Friday from November I to May r, at I :45 P. M. The
second year class shall be divided into two sections, A and B, each
section to meet on alternate weeks. The work shall consist of the
preparation and delivery of arguments and opinions of law on
statements of facts assigned beforehand. All statements of facts
shall be delivered to the counsel in the case by October I. Each
Professor shall preside at three cases consecutively. The chief
counsel, two on each side, shall hold a conference with the presiding Professor fo ur weeks before the day set for argument at an
hour appointed on the Bulletin Board; at this conference, each side
shall present (in separate consultation), an outline of the proposed
argument, in the form of brief propositions without citation of
authorities, and the Professor shall make such criticism and revision as may seem desirable. One week beforehand, counsel on
each side shall post on the official bulletin board a copy of their
final brief, with citation of authorities in type-writing, or plain handwriting on legal cap paper, and he shall hand another copy to the
opposing side. On the day of argument, the Professor shall preside
as judge, with two members of the section as associate judges. Each
attorney assigned shall be allowed not more than ten minutes for
argument in chief. All the other members of the same section
shall attend, and each member, not assigned as counsel or judge,
shall make an argument, not to exceed five minutes; in at least
every other case, i. e., at least once every four weeks. The assigned
counsel shall then have not more than five minutes each for closing.
The instructor in Public Speaking shall then make such criticism
as may appear necessary, and the presiding judge shall then do the
same, this closing stage to be allotted not more than twenty minutes.
An opinion shall be written by the associate judges and filed at the
Secretary's office not later than one week after the elate of argument.
The mark of each member of the section shall be determined by
his work as counsel, assigned and unassigned, and as judge. No
student shall be recommended for a degree (except by unanimous
vote of the Faculty) who has not satisfactorily done the work of

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

13

this course; except that persons entering the third year class from
another School may by vote be excused from this work.
b. Public Debate. A student entering the preliminary contests
for the Towle Prizes for Public Speaking in April and being selected
for the second preliminary and taking part therein, may receive a
credit of one term hour. No student shall be eligible for this contest who has not taken the work of I, a, b and c, or the equivalent
in another School.
The third year work shall be as follows:
III. a. Legal Advice Cl11bs. All third year students are to enter
Legal Advice Clubs, formed by voluntary selection on or before
October ro, supplemented by assignments to vacancies by the Secretary of the School; each club to contain not less than four nor more
than six members, and to elect a Secretary. Difficult cases ;irising
in actual practice, sent in for advice for alumni or other practitioners will be submitted to the Clubs in rotation as the cases come
in. On 24 hours' notice to the Secretary of the Club, the Club is
to meet the Dean or a Professor specially in charge, at 3 :15 P. M.,
in his office, and to discuss the ques tions involved; a written opinion,
citing authorities, is to be handed the Professor specially in charge
within seven days or such other time as may be agreed upon.
b. B11reait of Justice. After December r not more than ten students are to be assigned for practical office and trial work as
assistants in the Chicago Bureau of Justice, University Branch,
either to the Settlements or Police Courts, as may appear most
practicable. The assignments to be made to those who beforehand
file their names with the Secretary of the School, in order of the
time of filing and rank of the student in scholarship, but no student
having grade C in more than one course to be eligible for assignment. The number of hours of work from each person to be determined by agreement with the Superintendent of the Bureau.
(This work is not yet organized for 1904-5.)
For work done in part a a credit of one term hour to be allowed
to each member of a club; provided that club has furnished n9t
less than eight cases in the year.

7. PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR REQUIRED WORK IN
LEGAL HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE, 1904-5.
Course A (First Year). llltroduction to Legal History and the
Study of Law. Materials for prescribed reading: ( a) Blackstone's
Commentaries (any edition), Introduction, Sections 2, 3; Book I,
Chapters 2, S, 9; Book III, Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; Book I, Chapters
rr, 12; Book III, Chapters r8, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27; Book IV,

�14

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Chapters 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32; Book II, Chapters 4, 5; Book IV,
Chapter 33; (b) Wambaugh's Study of Cases; (c) Woodruff's Introductory Survey; and ( d) Wilson's History of Modern English
Law.
One term hour of credit.
Course B ( Second Year). History of the English Legal System. Materials for prescribed reading: Pollock &amp; Maitland, History of the English Law, Volume I; and, 2. History of the Bench
and Bar in Modern Times. Materials for prescribed reading: Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors ( from Lord Hardwicke).
One term hour of credit.
Course B B (Second Year optional) . I. History of the Leading Principles of the Law. Materials for prescribed reading: Pollock &amp; Maitland, History of the English Law, Vol. II, or, Sundry
Essays on Legal History (in various law journals, etc. ; a printed
list of the titles and citations is on file in the Secretary's Office) ;
and 2. History of the Bench and Bar: Materials for prescribed
reading : ( a) Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors (from Sir Thomas
More); (b) any one of the following four: Campbell's Lives of the
Chief Justices (from Sir Edward Coke), Arnould's Life of Lord
Denman, Autobiography of Lord Campbell, Twiss' Life of Lord
Eldon; and ( c) Brown's Life of Rufus Choate.
One term hour of credit.
Course C (Third Year) . I. General Jurisprudence. Materials for
prescribed reading: ( a) Austin's Jurisprudence, or Holland's Jurispri1dence, or Terry's Principles of Law; (b) Lee's Historical Jurisprudence; and (c) Maine's Ancient Law.
One term hour of credit.
or, 2. International Law. Materials for prescribed reading: as
prescribed and examined upon in International Law I of the Curriculum.
Two term hour3 of credit.
or, 3. Roman Law. Materials for prescribed reading: Poste's Edition of Gaius, or (b) Mayle's Edition of Justinian, or ( c) Ledlie's
Translation of Sohm's Institutes of Roman Law; or ( d) Muirhead's Private Law of Rome, or ( e) Whitefield's Translation of
Salkowski's Roman Law; of these ( e) is most recommended.
One term hour of credit.
or, 4. History. of Germanic Law. Materials for prescribed reading:
either ( a) Hensler's Institutionen des deutchen Rech ts, or (b) Brunner's Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte.
One term hour of credit.
Reg11/ations for the foregoing work . . (I) For graduation, a credit
of not less than an average grade of C must have been obtained
in Course A, Course B, r and 2, and Course C, r or 2 or 3 or 4. An examination in each course of reading will be held at the end of

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

15

each term and at the beginning of the first term. A student may
take the examination at either of these times, except that a first or
second year student failing at a first term examination may not
take it again until the s ucceeding year.
(2) A student entering with advanced standing must take only
the remaining .work prescribed for the class which he enters; except
that a student entering as a candidate for a degree in one year must
also take Course B.

(3) Course B B is optional.
(4) Cred it is given for each course as noted above.
(5) Th e requirements of this work for graduation does not
apply to class of 1905; but the credits of any of the Courses B, B B
and C, may be obtained by members of that class taking the examinations.
(6) A student who at college or a law school has already obtained credit for work equivalent to Course C, r, 2, 3, or 4, will
be given credit for that Co urse as required in this School; but
may also obtain credit by doing the work of any remaining Course
not elsewhere taken.
(7) No lectures are given 111 any of these Courses (except C,
which is identical with the lecture course of International Law
I.) ; the work is done by private study. But the Courses are under
the supervision of the Dean, who will give any desired advice on
the subjects of study.

2,

(8) The credit in any of the Courses C will count as one of the
required ten term hours of the Third Year.

Students are recommended to own the books named if they can
afford to purchase them. But the School will provide a sufficient
number of duplicate copies of the books named for the prescribed
reading.
Students are also recommended to do the reading for Courses
B, B B and C ( I, 2, 3, or 4) during the summer vacations, and to
take the examinations given at the beginning of the first term.
(Net total of requirements:
First Year, three small volumes of reading;
Second Year, one large volume and four small ones;
Third Year, one to three moderate volumes.)

�16

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.
TUITION FEES .

The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and five
dollars a year, payable in three installments of thirty-five dollars
each, October 1st, January roth, and April rst. A rtibate of five
dollars is allowed to students who pay the entire tuition in advance
on October 1st.
Special students are charged at the rate of five dollars for each
hour of class-room work for a ha! f year. The fee for the course in
Patent Law is twenty-five dolalrs.
The fee for the course in General Review is ten dollars to members or graduates of this school; to all others the fee is fifteen
dollars.
PRIZES.
I. The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of $100, and a second prize
of $50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the Law
School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded to the
students who have taken the course in Forensic \Vriting and Speaking (I a, b, c, and d.), who shall, in public competition at the completion of the course, be adjudged most proficient in the work of
the course.
These prizes are open only to those who take course I a, b, c,
and d.
In 1903-1904 the Towle Prize of $100 was awarded to Sylvanus
George Levy, Ph. B., of the third-year class, and the Towle Prize
of $50 to Warren Marcus Davis, of the first year class. The questiqn
debated was, "Resolved, that the Duration of Copyright should be
Unlimited."
3. The Callaghan Pri::e.-A prize of fifty dollars in books, to be
selected from their own publications, the gift of Messrs. Callaghan
and Company, of Chicago, will be awarded annually to the member
of the graduating class having the best record in scholarship for the
entire course.
In 1904 the Callaghan Prize was awarded to Clayton Jackson
Barber, Ph. B., of Springfield.

REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION.

Persons applying for admission as regula.r students must
answer the following requirements:
Age- They must be not less than eighteen years of age.
Preliminary Ed"11catio11-A candidate for a degree must have
a preliminary general education equivalent to that of a graduate of a
high school. For the proof of such education required se~ page 21.
3. Time of Entrance-No applicant not coming from another law
I.

2.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

17

school will be admitted to the first-year class after the second week
in January, for the reason that the courses of study are carefully
graded, and an acquaintance with earlier courses is necessary for
the pursuit of the later ones. Those who do not enter by the beginning of January cannot work with profit to themselves, and are
a hindrance to the progress of others. All students intending to
enter the school are strongly urged to do so at the beginning of
the year. The disadvantage of delay is great, especially to students
who intend to practice Jaw in Illinois.

ADVANCED STANDING.

The requirements in regard to advanced standing are
explained under the title " Degrees."
SPECIAL STUDENTS.

Persons not desiring to be candidates for a degree may
pursue one or more courses as special students, provided
they are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage. They
will receive a certificate of all work done, and they may at
any time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they are
qualified under the above requirements. No special student
may take more than twenty-five term-hours of work in one
year without special permission from the Dean.
DEGREES.

All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this occasion all candidates for degrees are
required to present themselves in person, the Oxford cap
and gown being worn as the official dress.
I.

BACHELOR OF LAWS.

The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by the
Trustees of the University upon students who are recommended therefor by the Faculty of the School. Such students will be recommended as, in the judgment of the Faculty, are of fit character and have complied wi~h the follGw ~
ing requirements i

�18

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

I. Attendance-Regular attendance for three years is required of
all students with the following exceptions:
I. Students who have studied law for one year, either in a college in good standing, or a law school, may obtain a degree in
two years.
2. Students who have satisfactorily completed two years' study in
a law school in good standing may obtain a degree in one year.
3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study
in a law school in good standing, and who have also studied law
for one year in a college or law school in good standing, may become
candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special permissio1'!
from the Dean.
ADV AN CED STANDING.
II. All applications for advanced standing must be presented
before November 1st, of the applicant's year of entrance.
III. Registration. Candidates for a degree must regi ster for
work amounting to at least ten hours a week for each year.
IV. Course of Study. All candidates for a degree must pass examinations in courses amounting to sixty-six term hours (th~ equivalent of courses of study of eleven hours a week for three years);
provided that in reckoning the required number of term-hours required for graduation there must be included at least ten hours of
credit obtained in each term of the third year. But persons who have
satisfactorily completed a two-years' course of study in a law school
in good standing will be excused one-half of the examinations above
required.
Persons who have satisfactorily completed less than two years'
study of law in a college or law school in good standing, may be
given credit for this work and be exc used from these examinations
to such extent as shall be determined in each case by the Dean .
The specific subjects in which such credit may be given will be
determined by the Secretary at the time of admission.
Fou r grades are given for work done. The grades are as follows:
A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure. A student may not count a course in which he obtains grade C, except
he obtains grade A in another course or courses of equivalent
amount; and except that he may count courses in which he obtains
grade C to the extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be
done by him in this School for graduation.
II.

MASTER'S DEGREE.

The Master's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or
Letters will be conferred under the following conditions:

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

19

A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements for the
Bachelor's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters
are equivalent to the requirements for the same degree at
this University, may obtain the Master's degree at the same
time with the degree of Bachelor of Laws by pursuing, with
the sanction of the Faculty of Liberal Arts , advanced work
in subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit
in such work to the amount of twelve semester-hours; and
by presenting a thesis on an approved topic. The courses
of study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal subjects;
but courses of legal study, in order to count for the degree,
must be (a) of an advanced nature; ( b) not otherwise
counted for the degree of Bachelor of Laws; ( c) pursued
under the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law
School. Students in law, intending to become candidates
for the Master's degree, must register for the same in the
College of Liberal Arts and in the Law School on or before
the first Monday in October of the year in which they expect
to graduate, and must pay the diploma fee of ten dollars.
The Master's degree is open upon the same terms to graduates· of the Law School who register before the October
next following the completion of their professional course.
The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty of Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for
the Master's degree: Constitutional Law, International
Law, Administrative Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence,
Legal History.
SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS.

Six assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually. These receive free tuition in compensation for their
services. Applications for appointment should be addressed
to the Secretary of the Law School.

�RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF
ILLINOIS.
Inquiries in regard to Admission to the Bar of Illinois should be
addressed to N. W, Branson, Secretary of the State Board of Law
Examiners, Petersburg, Ill.

The rules governing admission to the bar of Illinois provide that all applications for admission shall be made to the
Supreme Court of the State, and shall be based upon a report of the State Board of Law Examiners; that examinations shall be held "at Ottawa on the last Tuesday of Februrary, at Chicago the fourth Tuesday of June, at Springfield the first Tuesday of October, and at Mt. Vernon the
first Tuesday of December, in each year"; that all applicants for admission must pass satisfactory examinations
"upon the law of real and personal property, personal rights,
contracts, evidence, common law and equity pleading, partnership, bailments, negotiable instruments, principal and
agent, domestic relations, wills, corporations, equity jurisprudence, criminal law, and upon the principles of the constitutions of the State and of the United States, and legal
ethics"; that an applicant who fails to pass such examination
shall not be admitted to a subsequent examination within
six months of such failure; that each applicant shall pay in
advance a fee of ten dollars to said Board of Law Examiners, and shall file affidavits as to age and citizenship, and a
transcript from a court of record of Illinois showing good
moral character; that the applicant shall have a general preliminary education equivalent to that of a graduate of a high
school in this state, and that he shall have pursued the study
of law for the period of three consecutive years of at least
thirty-six weeks in each year; and that such study shall have
been pursued in an established law school considered by the
Board to be in good standing, or under the tuition of one or
111ore licensed lawyers, and that the applicant, if studying
uncler suc;h tuition, has submitted to regular and satisfactory
20

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

21

examinations by such lawyer or lawyers during said period,
upon each subject.
All of above proof must be submitted on prescribed
forms.
Rule 2 of the Board of Law Examiners, which sets forth
the required proof of academic education, and governs the
admission of regular students to this Law School, is as follows:
" Each applicant for admission, upon examination, shall
present with his application satisfactory proof in writing
that he has had a preliminary general education equivalent
to that of a graduate of a high school in this State. A three
years' English course, consisting of Algebra, Geometry,
Ancient History, Physiology, Rhetoric, Physics, and Physical Geography, each one year; Botany and Bookkeeping,
one year; Mediceval and Modern History, with special reference to English and American History, one year; English
and American Literature, one year; and English Composition, one year, will be accepted as such equivalent.
"In case of the omission by the applicant of any one or
more of such studies, except English and American History
and Literature, the equivalent of such omitted study or
studies, in any science, or in any classical or modern language (Latin being especially recommended), will be accepted in lieu of such omitted study or studies.
"The proof required by this rule that the applicant has
satisfactorily pursued the said studies or their equivalents,
for the requisite periods, may be by either one or more of the
following instruments :
"I. Tlie diploma of any University or College in good
standing; or
"2. The diploma of a high school in this State, where
such diploma designates the several studies pursued and the
length of time devoted to each; or
"3. The diploma of a high school in this State, accompanied with the certificate of the principal of such school,

�22

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

designating the several studies pursued, and the length of
time devoted to each ; or
"4. The affidavit of a principal of a high school in this
State, or other high school teacher or teachers under whom
the applicant has studied ( or, in case of the death or absence of such principal or teacher, then the affidavit of any
credible witness or witnesses having knowledge of the
facts), designating the several studies pursued, the length of
time devoted to each, and as nearly as possible the applicant's degree of proficiency in each study; or
"5. The affidavit of the principal of a high school of
this State, or of a superintendent of schools having a high
school under his supervision, showing his special examination of the applicant for the purpose of an application for
admission to the bar, stating the date and place of examination and the time consumed therein, and giving the true
and just grade or proficiency shown by such applicant in
each study, on a scale of 100; or
"6. The diploma of any accredited school, not in Illinois, whose graduates are admitted on a diploma to the
freshman class of any University or College, in good standing, in the State or country in which such school is located;
such fact to be evidenced by the certificate of the President
or Secretary of such University or College, under the corporate seal of the institution; or
"7. The certificate of the President or Secretary of any
University or College in good standing, under the seal of
the institution, that the applicant has been admitted to the
freshman or any higher class of such institution, without
conditions, or upon conditions which had since been complied with."
Rule 5, defining a law school in good standing, requires
that:
''An established law school to be considered in good standing must
faithfully teach the several branches of law specified in Rule 39 of the
Supreme Court, and must require recitations averaging ten hours or
more each week,"

����·-=

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                <text>SUPPLEMENT SERIES III AUGUST NOVEMBER       NUMBERII NOR THWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAG O E VANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY  CALENDAR OF SESSION .   \ Yednesday    . S     ·    Registration Day   New Students. Registration Day   Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day     Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close   Christmas Recess. Christmas Recess Ends  Lectures Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. V\Ta  '  Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered      Post Office   Chica  . Ill.  REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR     .* EDMUND JANES JAMES  Ph. D.  LL. D. President     University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A . M.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law   Dean     Fq  . HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD (LL. D .. Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor   Law. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE (A. M .  Yale University  LL. B .. Harvard University) Associate Professor   Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A. B.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Associate Professor   Law. SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.   Northwestern University) Assistant Professor     Law   Crimes   Criminal Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A. B.  Amherst College  LL. B.  Northwe•  University) Associate Professor   Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A.    .  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A. B.  Harvard University) Professor     Law   Conveyancing   Mortgages. *Arranged          President   Dean .  THE LAW SCHOOL. LEVI HAR.PER FULLER. (B. S.  Upper Iowa University  LL. B.  Iowa State Univenity) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD (A. M.  Dickinson College  LL. M.  Cornell University) Professor   Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patents. WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patent Practice. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Associate Professor     Law   Patents. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.  Northwestern University)  Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. Lectursr Legal Ethics. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM (A. B.  Northwestern University) Instructor   Voice Training   Forensics. HENRY LEE PRESCOTT (A. B .• LL. B.  Harvard UniTersity) Instructor   Forensics. JOSEPH ROBERT Instructor   Parliamentary Law. CHARLES PICKARD Lecturer   Trade Mark   Copyright. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Extraordinary Legal Remedies  !Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL (B. S.  Wabash College   LL. B.   Northwestern University) Lecturer   Insurance. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Secretary     Law School       Faculty.  REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION AS GIVEN IN      . FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM . C      Three      . Keener'  Cases   Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. Torts Three      . Ames'   Smith'  Cases   Torts. Professor VhGMOtiE. Property (!) Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols.    II. ( Personal .) Professor KALES. Co      Law Pleading   Procedure Two      . Ames' Cases   Pleading  Andrews' Stephen   Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes   Criminal Proced·   Two      . Beale' Cases   Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM . Contracts ( ) Three      . Professor \Iv OODW ARD. Torts ( ) Two      . Professor WIGMORE. Property ( ) ( ) Two      . Professor KALES . Com·mo   Law Pleading   Proced     ( ) One . Lectures      . Professor ADAll!S. Master   S     Tort One      . Wambaugh' Cases   Agency. Professor WIGMORE. Dam.  One      . Beale'  Cases   Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence Two      . . Trusts Three      . Agency  Two      .  Thayer'  Cases   Evidence Professor WIGMORE. Ames' Cases   Trusts. Professor WooDWARD. \Vambaugh'  Cases Ort Agency. Prnfoss@  ·    n NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Comniercial Paper Three·      . Ames' Cases   Bills Notes. Professor HYDE. Equity Jurisdiction Three      . Ames' Cases   Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (JJ} Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols. III  IV. (Acquisition . .) Professor KALES. Perso    (Domestic Relatio    ) Two      . Smith' Cases   Persons. Professor KALES. SECOND TERM. E    ( ) Two      . Professor Vv'rGMORE. RropertJ' (II) ( ) Two      . Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction (  ) Three      . Ames' Cases   Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi Contracts Three      . Keener'  Cases   Quasi Contracts. Professor WooDw ARD. [Given                   .] Sales   Personalty Three      . Williston'  Cases Sales. Professor WooDw ARD. [Omitted                   .] Insurance (Fire   Life} Two      . Wambaugh' Cases   Insurance. Mr. HALL. Equity Pleading   Procedure Two      . Fletcher Equity Pleading       . Professor ADAMS. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM. Corporations Two      . Smith'  Cases   Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice    Illinois Two      . Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law (   ) Two      . Scott'  Cases International  .   Professor HYDE THE LAW SCHOOL. International Law (JJ) American Treaties   Diplomacy . Two      . Professor HYDE. Sttret·  Two      . Ames' Cases   Suretyskip. Professor LITTLE. Aiixiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments  Garnishment Execution   .) One      . Rood'  Cases   Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. C   Law Three      . Thayer'  Cases Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ( } Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols. V  VI. ( Conditional  .) Professor KALES. Admiralty   M     Three      . Professor HYDE. Conveyancing One      . Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Conflict   Laws Three      . Beale'  Cases   Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. Code Pleading   Proceditre One      . Cases   Code Pleading. Professor WOODWARD. Practice Court Two               . Causes   . Professor  FULLER. *Patents   Invention (!} General Survey. Five  . Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II   III . (/ } Patent Soliciting. Twenty         . Professor DYRENFORTH. (III) Patent Law   Practice. Forty  . Professor BA RNETT. •These  .           equiValent vrQrk  . . NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. SECOND TERM. Corporations ( ) Two       ( .). Professor LITTLE. Bankrnptcy Two      . vVilliston'  Cases   Bankruptcy. Professor WooDWARD. Constitutional Law ( ) Two      . Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers Three      . McClain'  Cases   Carriers Beale'  Cases   Carriers. Professor HYDE. [Omitted                   .] Conveyancing ( ) One      . Professor GREELEY. Mortgage$ Two      . Kirchwey'  Cases   Mortgages. Professor GREELEY. Public Officers One      . Professor SCHOFIELD. [Omitted                   .] Practice Co    ( ) Two . Professor FULLER. Pateiits   Invention ( ). Professor BARNETT. Property (III) ( ) Two      . Professor KALES. Municipal Corporations Two      . Smith'  Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor ScHoFiELD. Partnership T\'       . Ames' Cases   Partnership. Professor LITTLE. E   Legal R  ·  (Mandamus  Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus   .) One      . Mr. ELDER. Jurisdiction   Federal Cottrfs One      . Professor SCHOFIELD.   .    (  Constitutional Law   Patents   Invention)  Conveyancing   Property III n Property     II.         i ! ¥ THE LAW SCHOOL. COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks   Copyrights Six  . Mr. PICKARD. General Review Five State      . . Mr. DENT. Legal Ethics Five  . Professor FOLLAN SBEE. SCHEDULE OF HOURS.   ' ' '       .   Practice Court . SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.     .  . Pleadings               Common Law Pleading  Code Pleading    Equity Pleading  .   Corporations     . Commercial Paper  Carriers  Insurance  . . Conveyancing  document . A   ' States. Thorough ' . No Property     II. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Practice Coiirt               Procedure Practice .     Practice Court   .   Court' . During  .               . . . While    . A    .   . A Rules     Practice Court . . Legal Tactics  Bar  .  Bar            r    r          . . Thesis             Faculty . Any ·  Faculty      .    ! r · . . . Public Speaking   . THE LAW SCHOOL. FOLLOWING ARE THE REVISED REGULATIONS FOR THE WORK IN PUBLIC SPEAKING AND MOOT COURTS IN       . Public Speaking   Moot Courts .  . Persons     . Forensic vVriting Speaking.                  Forensics  Lectures Exercises           Moot Court   Public Debate Practical Legal Advice. First .  .  . Parliamentary Practice     (  ) Elementary Course ( )   . . Voice Training . . Legal  Arg  mentatio     Briefs P . M. Argumentation            BrieJwriting  . . Oral Forensics  Oral Forensics Professor NORTHWESTERN UNIVBRSITY. Forensics. A  \Iarch  . (!) .  II.  . Moot Courts.           Moot Court P. M. A   B .  . All . Each Professor            .  Professor Bulletin Board (     )  Professor . One    . On            Professor . Each  . All   .  .             . . Public Speaking  . An Secretary'                       .  . No ( Faculty) THE LAW SCHOOL.  School                . . Public Debate. A Towle Prizes   Public Speaking  . No  School.  III.  . Legal Advice Cl   . All Legal Advice Clubs Secretary School Secretary. Difficult  Clubs . On     '       Secretary     Club    Club Dean     Professor                P. M.  Professor . . B      Justice. After  Chicago Bureau   Justice  University Branch Settlements   Police Courts . Secretary     School  C                    .  Superintendent     Bureau. (                    .)  n . . PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR REQUIRED WORK IN LEGAL HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE        . Course A (First Year).     Legal History Study   Law. Materials        (  ) Blackstone' Commentaries (   )  Introduction  Sections       Book Chapters    S     Book III  Chapters                Book    Chapters Book III  Chapters r                           Book IV NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Chapters                             Book II  Chapters       Book IV Chapter     ( ) Wambaugh'  Study   Cases  ( ) Woodruff'  Introductory Survey    (  ) Wilson'  History   Modern English Law. One        . Course B ( Second Year). History     English Legal System. Materials        Pollock &amp; Maitland  History English Law  Volume        . History     Bench Bar   Modern Times. Materials        Campbell' Lives     Chancellors (   Lord Hardwicke). One        . Course B B (Second Year  ) .  . History     Leading Principles     Law. Materials        Pollock &amp; Maitland  History     English Law  Vol. II     Sundry Essays   Legal History (          . Secretary'  Office) . History     Bench   Bar  Materials (  ) Campbell'  Lives     Chancellors (  Sir Thomas More)  ( )              Campbell'  Lives Chief Justices (  Sir Edward Coke)  Arnould'  Life   Lord Denman  Autobiography   Lord Campbell  Twiss' Life   Lord Eldon    (  ) Brown'  Life   Rufus Choate. One        . Course C (Third Year) .  . General Jurisprudence. Materials (  ) Austin'  Jurisprudence    Holland'  Jurispri Terry'  Principles   Law  ( ) Lee'  Historical Jurisprudence ( ) Maine'  Ancient Law. One        . . International Law. Materials International Law       Curriculum. Two   hour     . . Roman Law. Materials        Poste'  Edition Gaius    ( )   '  Edition   Justinian    (  ) Ledlie' Translation   Sohm'  Institutes   Roman Law    (  ) Muirhead' Private Law   Rome    (  ) Whitefield'  Translation Salkowski'  Roman Law      (  )      . One        . . History.   Germanic Law. Materials (  ) Hensler'  Institutionen     Rech      ( ) Brunner' Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. One        . Reg  /          . . ( ) C Course A  Course B           Course C               . An  THE LAW SCHOOL. . A   . ( ) A .  Course B. ( ) Course B B    . ( ) Cred                  . ( ) Th Courses B  B B C                       . ( ) A Course C Course         School Course . ( ) No                 Courses (  C International Law .)                .     Courses Dean . ( )             Courses C Third Year. Students .     School  . Students                 Courses B  B B   C (             ) . (Net First Year Second Year Third Year           .) NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. TUITION FEES.   . A  . Special !    . Patent Law        . General Review  . PRIZES. .   Towle Prizes. A       $ $          Henry Sargent Towle  Esq.  Chairman     Law School Committee     Board   Trustees Forensic \Vriting   Speaking (              .)  . These . Towle Prize   $          Sylvanus George Levy  Ph. B.                 Towle Prize $     Warren Marcus Davis           . "Resolved      Duration   Copyright Unlimited." .   Callaghan Pri   . A Messrs. Callaghan Company    Chicago  . Callaghan Prize       Clayton Jackson Barber  Ph. B.    Springfield. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Persons          .  . Age  They                  . . Preliminary Ed"  catio   A  .                      . . Time   Entrance No THE LAW SCHOOL.    . Those  . All  . Jaw   Illinois. ADVANCED STANDING.  " Degrees." SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons  . They   . No  Dean. DEGREES. All             University Commencement. On Oxford . . BACHELOR OF LAWS. Bachelor   Laws Trustees     University Faculty     School. Such Faculty follGw  NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Attendance Regular  . Students  . . Students            ' . . Students            '   permissio '! Dean. ADV AN CED STANDING. II. All '       . III. Registration. Candidates . IV. Course   Study. All ( )   . '  . Persons                '   Dean.  Secretary          . Four            . A     B     C     D   . A C A  C School    . II. MASTER'S DEGREE. Master'      Arts  Philosophy  Science Letters THE LAW SCHOOL. A       College   Liberal Arts     University  Bachelor'      Arts  Philosophy  Science    Letters  University        Master' Bachelor   Laws Faculty   Liberal Arts Faculty  .   ( )          (  ) Bachelor   Laws  (  ) Faculty     Law School. Students Master' College   Liberal Arts       Law School  . Master' ·     Law School . Faculty Liberal Arts Master'     Constitutional Law  International Law  Administrative Law  Roman Law  Jurisprudence Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS. Six              . These . Applications Secretary     Law School. RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF ILLINOIS. Inquiries       Admission     Bar   Illinois N. W  Branson  Secretary     State Board   Law Examiners  Petersburg  Ill. Illinois  Supreme Court     State State Board   Law Examiners "  Ottawa           Februrary Chicago              Springfield Mt. Vernon "  "     State       United States "   Board   Law Examiners  Illinois       Board    THE LAW SCHOOL.  . All . Rule       Board   Law Examiners  Law School " Each   State. A ' English </text>
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                    <text>SERms VIII

MAY-JULY 1909

NUMBER l

NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
'

CHICAGO-EVANSTON

BULLETIN
OF THE

SCHOOL OF LAW
(UNION COLLEOB OF LAW)
FOUNDED 1859

.

OFFICE OF PUBLICATION
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING
LAKE _AND DEARBORN STREETS, CHICAGO

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY

NORTHWESTERN

UNIVERSITy;

(

�UNIVERSITY DIRECTORY
ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS,
Sc. D., LL. D., President.

Special announcements of the several
departments of the University may be
had on application. Address inquiries
to the following:

Degree-Conferring Departments
College of Liberal Arts

The Registrar

Medical School

The Secretary

Law School

The Secretary

School of Pharmacy -

The Registrar

Dental School

The Secretary

School of Music

The Secretary

School of Engineering

The Registrar

School of Commerce

The Secretary

University Hall, Evanston, Illinois

2421-2437 Dearborn Street, Chicago

Northwestern University I;luildlng, Chicago

Northwestern University Building, Chicago

Northwestern University Building, Chicago
Music Hall, Evanston, Illinois

University Hall, Evanston, Illinois

Northwestern University Bu1ldlng, Chicago

Evanston Academy

Evanston, Illinois

Arthur Herbert Wilde, Ph. D., Principal

Grand Prairie Seminary

Onarga, Illinois

Henry Hoag Frost, A. B., President

Elgin Academy

Elgin, Illinois

George Newton Sleight, A. B., B. Pd ..• Principal

For general information address the President
87 Lake Street, Chicago, Illinois

l

�QUARTERLY BULLETIN O F THE
SCHOOL OF LA W

CONTENTS OF NO. 1, SERIES VIII,
MAY-JULY, 1909.
I.
II.

Calendar of Sessions for 1909-10.. . ................ . ..

2

Revised List of the Faculty for 1909. ...... . . . . . . . . . . . 3

III.

Founding, Purpose and Location of the Law School.. ..

5

IV.

Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

V.
VI.

Curriculum for 1908-09 ............... . .... ........ . ... 8
Requirements for Admission and Graduation .. ........

22

VII.

Tuition Fees; Scholarships; Prizes .. ...... .. .......... 28

VIII.

The Order of the Coif ....... . ..... ...... . .. . ..... ... 30

IX.

Revised List of Alumni Officers for 1909 . . .... . . . . . . . . 31

X.

List of Students for 1909 ......... . .. .. ... ... . . . ...... 34

XI. The Illinois Law Review .......... . ...... . . . . . . ....... 46
XII.

Young Men's Christian Association .. ......... .. .... .. 47

MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICAN

LAW

SCHOOLS

Entered as Second -class matter, September 11, 1903, at t he Post-office
at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of July 16, 1894.

�I.

CALENDAR OF SESSION, 1909-1910

1909

September 27, Monday,
September 28, Tuesday,
September

29,

Wednesday,

September 30, Thursday,
November 25, Thursday, to
November 28, Sunday, inclusive,
December 23, Thursday, to
January 4, Tuesday, inelusive,
1910

January S, Wednesday,
January 7, Friday,
January 21, Friday,
January 27, Thursday,
January 28, Friday,
January 31, Monday,
February 7, Monday,
February 12, Saturday,
February 22, Tuesday,
March 4, Friday,
April 22, Friday,
May 19, Thursday,
May 20, Friday.
June 8, Wednesday,

Registration Day for New Students.
Registration Day for Applicants for
Advanced Standing.
Registration Day for Other Students.
Lectures Begin.
Thanksgiving Recess.
Christmas Recess.
Lectures Begin.
Last day of presentation of orations for the Kirk Prize.
Intercollegiate Debate.
Lectures Close.
Founders' Day.
Examinations Begin.
Second Semester Begins.
Lincoln's Birthday.
Washington's Birthday.
Kirk Prize Contest.
Towle Prize Debate.
Lectures Close.
Examinations Begin.
Fifty-second Annual Commencement.

2

�II.

REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR
1909-1910*

ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS,

(Sc. D., Bowdoin College; LL. D., University of :Maine)

President of the University.

JOHN HENRY WIGMORE,

(A. M., LL. B., Harvard University; LL. D., University of Wisconsin)

Professor of Law, and Dean of the Faculty.
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE,

(A. M., Yale University; LL. B., Harvard University)

Associate Professor of Law.
ALBERT MARTIN KALES,

(A. B., LL. B., Harvard University)

Associate Professor of Law.
FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Secretary of the Faculty and of the School, and Librarian.
CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE,
(A. B., Amherst College; LL. B., Northwestern UniYeroity)

Associate Professor of Law.
HENRY SCHOFIELD,

(A. M., LL. B., Harvard University)

Professor of Law.
LOUIS MAY GREELEY,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. M., Northwestern University)

Professor of Law.
GEORGE PURCELL COSTIGAN, JR.;,
(A. M., LL. B., Harvard University)

Professor of Law.
EDWIN ROULETTE KEEDY',

(A. B., Franklin and Marshall College; LL. B., Harvard University)

Professor of Law.
ROSCOE POUND1,
(A.

M., University of Nebraska; LL.
Ph. D., University of Nebraska)

M.,

Northwestern

University;

Professor of Law.

*With the exception of the President, the names of the Faculty are
arranged, within each group, in the order of date of appointment to the
Law School. The first group after the President includes those who have
offices in the Law School building. The second group includes all other
members who under the statutes of the University have seats in the Faculty
as officers of government.
1 Resigned in April, 1909, to take effect September 1, 1909.
•Appointed in May, to take effect from September 1, 1909.
'Appointed in May, to take effect from September 1. 1909.

3

�4

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

SAMUEL ADAMS,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Pleading.
LEVI HARPER FULLER,

(B. S., Uppe r Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice.

MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE,

(A. B. , Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Procediffe and in Legal Ethics.
CHARLES BYRD ELDER,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Iiistructor in the Law of Judgments and E,draordinary Lega l
Remedies.

HENRY CLAY HALL,

(A. M., Wabash College; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Instructor in the Law of Inmrance.
EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM,
(A. B., LL. B., Northwestern University)

Instructor in Forensics.
HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN.

(A. B., LL. B., Harvard University)

lnstructo1· in the Law of Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on the L&lt;.tw of Patents.
CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD,
(A. B., University of Wisconsin)

Lecturer on the Law of Trademark and Cop3•right.
CHARLES YOE FREEMAN,

(A. B., Princeton University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Corporation Practice.
DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB,

(A. B., Northwestern University; A. M., LL. B., Harvard University)

Lecturer on Public Service Corporations.
ALFRED WILLIAMS BAYS,

(A. B., Knox College; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on the Law of Bankruptcy and on General Practice.

ALBERT KOCOUREK,

(LL. B., Lake Forest University)

Lecturer on Jurisprudence.

ALBERT KEEP II,

(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on the Law of Sales.

�III.

FOUNDING, PURPOSE AND LOCATION
OF THE LAW SCHOOL

The Law School was founded in 1859, with a sum of
money given by Thomas Hoyne ; there being at the time
but three similar schools west of the Alleghany Mountains.
The first professor and dean was Henry Booth, 1859-1891.
For many years the School was known as the Union College of Law, being under the joint control of the old
University of Chicago and of Northwestern University,
but when taken over wholly by Northwestern University
in 1891 it assumed its present name.
Students from all parts of the country may obtain a
thorough training in the various subjects of the law. The
course of study is arranged so as to give the knowledge of
the law that will be indispensable to students wherever
they may practice. Graduates of the Law School now
practice in nearly forty States and Territories. Special
opportunities, however, are afforded for acquiring a knowledge of the law of Illinois, the peculiarities of which are
pointed out in every course.
.
The School is located in Northwestern University
Building, at the corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago. This building was acquired and equipped in
1901-02, at a cost of nearly one million dollars, for the
purpose of securing a permanent home for the departments
of law, dentistry and pharmacy. It is located near the
center of the business district of Chicago and is easy of
access from all residence portions of the city. The City,
State, and Federal Courts are within a few blocks and
afford students an opportunity to witness the practice of
litigation in varied forms. The School occupies the entire
third floor, 24,000 square feet of space. The quarters include a library and reading-room, three lecture-rooms, a
Faculty room, an assembly room for the students and
private study-rooms for the clubs, besides offices for the
members of the Faculty and the Illinois Law Review.
[i

�IV.

THE LIBRARY

The library is well equipped for study and research.
It includes duplicate sets of the United States Reports~
the official Reports of all the States and Territories, the
complete National Reporter System, partly in duplicate,
the Lawyers' Reports Annotated, all of the official Illinois
Reports in duplicate, statutes of all the States in the
Union, a large collection of digests, periodicals, encyclopedias and text-books. Of the English legal sources, it
possesses the complete Statutes, and substantially all the
regular Reports since the beginning of the Year Books
( except those appearing in law journals).
The Law School Library receives official copies of all
the briefs and records filed in cases before the Supreme
Court of the United States. These copies are received
at the library for the cases decided at the end of each
session of the Supreme Court and may be consulted by
members of the bar.
The Library also possesses the invaluable Gary Collections, covering special fields, the gifts of Hon. Elbert H.
Gary, '67, of New York City. These collections offer
unique opportunities for legal study and research:
A. The Gary Collection of Modern Continental Law, now
numbering some 10,000 volumes on the law of twenty-one European countries, as contained in statutes, decisions, journals, and
treatises, is more comprehensive in scope than any other collection
in the United States. As a source of investigation for Continental
Law, it provides facilities not available elsewhere.
B. The Gary Collection of International Law numbers nearly
volumes, and includes a large quantity of printed material
relating to American, British and Continental Diplomacy not elsewhere available in the West.

2,000

C. The Gary Collection of Ancient, Oriental, Primitive and
Medicroal Law includes the Hindu, Mohammedan, Hebrew, Baby6

�THE LIBRARY.

7

Ionian, Egyptian, Greek, Chinese, and Japanese systems, as wetl
as the medireval European materials. It numbers 1,500 volumes,
and offers unique facilities for research to students of comparative
legal history.
·

D. The Gary Collection of Roman and Civil Law numbers
volumes, including the library of the late Moritz Voigt, of
Leipzig, Germany, and contains many rare volumes not found
in any other American library.
E. The Gary Collection of Ecclesiastical Law numbers 200
volumes, containing a selection of the most useful texts, commentaries, and journals.
F. The Gary Collection of JurisPrudence and Philosophy of
Law numbers 500 volumes, and includes all the important Ameri·
can, English, German, French, Italian and Latin texts on this
subject.
G. The Gary Collection of Criminal Law and Criminology
is intended to provide the most ample materials, from all countries, for research in this growing subject. Thus far, in its first
year, only some 1,000 volumes have been acquired.
H. The Gary Collection of Latin-American Laws will include collections of the Jaws of Mexico, the Central American, and
the South American States, following the arrangement in the
Gary Collection of Modern Continental Law; that is, a collection
of the codes, decrees, decisions of the Supreme Court, most important treatises, and leading Jaw journals. The growing value
of this collection to the student and practitioner will be apparent.
Thus far the volumes installed number 400, and will be rapidly
increased.
I. The Gary Collection of Ame"rican Colonial Law (partly
installed) will include complete sets of Colonial Session laws
(partly reprints), revisions, and contemporary and modern treatises
on the laws of the colonies.
J. The Gary Collection of English Historical Legal Literature (partly completed) will include all material of this character
not now elsewhere accessible in the libraries of the West.
2,500

�V.

CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

A. COURSES LEADING TO THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR
OF LAWS.
The total number of tenn hoiirs offered for selection in this
curriculum is one hundred and twelve, the equivalent of fifty-s ix
hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as
carefully as possible between the three year-gro ups, no first-year
student may take courses in the second or third year groups without special permission; and no second-year student may take
courses in the third-year group ( except Constitutional Law, Carriers, and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and
a third-year student taking the courses of Conveyancing and
Property III must already have taken the courses of Property I
and II. But any regular student may take any course offered in
the group of the yea r for which he is entered, or any course not
already taken by him in a preceding year, subject to the rules of
the Faculty respecting a maximum number of hours.
The schedule of hours is so arranged that the courses are·
given in general as follows :
First-year courses, between two and five o'clock in the afternoon.
Second-year courses, between nme and twelve o'clock in the
morning.
Third-year courses, between two and seven o'clock in the
afternoon. The Practice Court is held 111 the evening at halfpast seven.
FIRST YEAR.
FIRST SEMESTER.
Introduction to the St1&lt;dy of Lar-(.1}-Private reading in Course
A, Courses of Reading in Legal History, B:ography, and Jurisprudence, as described on page 14. Written examinations, with
a credit of one term hour. ( Prescribed.)
Legal vVriting and Forensics-Course I as described on page
19. Written and oral exercises, with a credit of one term hour.
(Prescribed.)
Mr. ENGSTROM.
Contracts-Three hours. Williston's Cases on Contracts.
Professor PouNo.
8

�CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

9

Torts-Three hours.

Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts.
Professor WIGMORE.
Property (!)-One hour. Gray's Cases on Property, Vol.
I. (Personal Property.)
Professor KALES.
Crimes and Criminal Procedure-Two hou rs. Beale's Cases
on Criminal Law; and selected Readings.
Mr. FRIEDMAN.
Damages-One hour. Beale's Cases on Damages.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
SECOND SEMESTER.
Cot~tracts (continued)-Three hours.
Professor POUND.
Torts (continued)-Two hours.
Professor WIGMORE.
Property (I) (continued)-Three hours; Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. I, II ( tenures and estates, fixtures, profits, easements,
covenants, rents).
Professor KALES.
Common Law Pleading and Procedure-Three hours. Ames'
Cases on Pleading, 2d ed.; Andrew's Stephens on Pleading; practical exercises.
Professor ADAMS.
Master and Servant in Torts-One hour. Wambaugh's Case3
on Agency.
Prote~sor WIGMORE.
SECOND YEAR.
FIRST SEMESTER.

Legal Writing and Forensics-Course II, Moot Court, as described on page 20. Oral and written work, once a week, with a
credit of one term hour. (Prescribed.)
Mr. ENGSTROM.
Legal History and Biography-Prescribed and optional private
reading; Courses B, BA, and BB, as described on page 14. Written examinations, with a credit of one term hour for each course.
Evidence-Two hours. Wigmore's Cases on Evidence.
Professor WIGMORE.
Trusts-Three hours. Ames' Cases on Trusts.
Professor POUND.
Agency-Two hours. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency.
Professor LITTLE.
Commercial Paper-Three hours. Ames' Cases on Bills and
Notes.
Professor GREELEY.
Equity Jurisdiction-Three hours. Ames' Cases on Equity
Jurisdiction.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Property (!!)-Two hours. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols.
III, IV.
(Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including
deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including
descent, will s, administration, etc.)
Professor KALES.

�10

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Equity Pleading and Procedure.-Two hours. Thompson's
Cases on Equity Pleading, and practical exercises.
Professor ADAMS.
SECOND SEMESTER.
Evidence (continued)-Two hours.
Professor WrGMORE.
Property (II) (continued)-Two hours.
Professor KALES.
Equity Jurisdiction (continued)-Three hours.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Quasi-Contracts-Three hours. Woodruff's Cases on QuasiContracts. [Given in 19()8-09, and alternate years.]
Professor PouND.
Sales of Personalt:y-Three hours. Willis ton's Cases on Sales.
Mr. KEEP.
lnsu.rance, Fire and Life-Two hours. Wambaugh's Cases on
Insurance.
Mr. HALL.
P ersons (Domestic Rclations)-Two hours. Smith's Cases on
Persons.
Professor KALES.
Public Service Corporations-Railroad, Telegraph, Gas, Water,
Warehouse, and similar Services.
One hour.
Beale's and
Wyman's Cases on Public Service Corporations.
Mr. BOBB.
Legal Writing and Forensics ( continued)-Moot Court, once
a week.
Mr. ENGSTROM.
THIRD YEAR.
FIRST SEMESTER.

General Jurisprudence and History of Law-Private readi ng :
Courses C, r, 2 , 3, 4, as describtd on page 15. Written examinations, with a credit of one term hour for each course. (Prescribed.)
Corporations-Two hours. Smith's Cases on Corporations.
Professor LITTLE.
Procedure and Practice in Illinois-Two hours.
Professor FOLLANSBEE.
International Law (/)-Two hours. (In 1909-ro, four hours.)
Scott's Cases on International Law, and topics for research.
Professor HYDE.
International Law (//)-American Treaties and Diplomacy;
topics for research. Two hours. ( Omitted in 1909-IO) .
Professor HYDE.
Conflict of Laws-Three hours. Beale's Cases on Conflict of
Laws.
Professor HYDE.

�CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

11

Suretyship-Two hours.

Ames' Cases on Suretyship.
Professor LITTLE.
Judgments, and Auxiliary Legal Remedies-Attachments, Garnishments, Execution, etc. One hour. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments.
Mr. ELDER.
Constitutional Law-Three hours. Thayer's Cases on ConProfessor SCHOFIELD.
stitutional Law.
Property (III)-Two hours. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols.
V, VI. (Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and
election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.)
Pnfessor KALES.
Conveyancing-One Lour. Drafting exercises, study of selected
abstracts, and lectures on practice.
Professor GREELEY.
Code Pleading and Procedure-Two hours. Hinton's Cases
Professor POUND.
on Code Pleading.
Analytical Jurisprudence-One hour.
Mr. KOCOUREK.
Practice Court-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes
prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as judge.
Professor FULLER.
*Patents of Invention (/)-General Survey. Five lectures.
Professor LINTHICUM.
(I)-Patent So.Jiciting. Twenty lectures, with practical
exercises.
(//l)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures.
(Parts II and III will not be given, unless at least twenty
special students apply for them before October 15).
SECOND SEMESTER.

Corporations tcontinued)-Two hours. Professor LITTi.E.
Corporation Practice -One hour. Practical exercises in conducting corporate legal business, drafting instruments, etc.
Mr. FREEMAN.
Constitutional Law (continued)-Two hours.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Conveyancing (continued)-One hour.
Professor GREELEY.
*These three form a single course; the first part is open to all students;
the second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years,
and to special students, but cannot be taken separately. The number of lectures is equivalent to two hours a week through the year, and work in the
course will therefore be credited as four term hours.

�12

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Practice Court (continued)-Two hours, at a single session.
Professor FuLLER.
Property (Ill) (continued) -Two hours.
Professor KALES.
Code Pleading and Procedure ( continued)-Two hours.
Professor POUND.
Analytical Jurisprudence (continued)-One hour.
Mr. KOCOUREK.
Mortgages-Two hours. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages.
Professor GREELEY.
Roman Law-Two hours. Pound's Readings in Roman Law.
Professor PouND.
Carriers-Three hours. Beale's Cases on Carriers.
Professor GREELEY.
Bankruptcy-Two hours. Williston's Cases on Bankruptcy.
Mr. BAYS.
· Municipal Co1·porations-One hour. Smith's Cases on MuniciProfessor SCHOFIELD.
pal Corporations.
Partnership-Two hours. Ames' Cases on Partnership.
Professor LrITLE.
Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto,
Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour. Roberts' Cases on Extraordinary Legal Remedies.
M r. ELDER.
Jurisdiction of Federal Courts-One hour.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Practical Problems in Contemporary Legislation-Study, reports, and discussions, as described on page 17. One hour.
Professor WrGMORE.
Original Research and Thesis-Credit not to exceed two term
hours may be given, as prescribed on page 19.
B.

GRADUATE (FOURTH AND FI1'TH YEAR) COURSES
LEADING TO THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF
LAWS AND JURIS DOCTOR.

A. LECTURE COURSES.
Any third-year courses not previously taken.
B. READING COURSES.
(The hours named represent the units of credit obtainable in
each subject. The credit is awarded in each course upon the basis
of a written examination and a thesis, essay or report. The
Reading courses referred to by letters are described on page 15.

�CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

13

The various courses here enumerated will be directed by different
members of the Faculty.)
I. History and Biography of the Bench and Bar. One hour
(To include the reading of all the materials named in Course BA,
Optional Reading; and an essay on a selected topic.)
2. History of the Engl-ish Legal System.
One hour. (To
includ-e the reading of all the materials named in Course BB,
Optional Read ing; and an essay on a selected topic.)
3. Histo1-y of American Law. One hour. A study of the
history of some subject in the law of one or more jurisdictions of
the United States.)
4. Analytical !Hrisprndence and Philosophy of Law. One
hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in
Course C, 1, a, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected
topic.)
5. Primitive Law. One hour. (To include the reading of
all the materials named in Course C, 1, b, Prescribed Reading;
and an essay on a selected topic.)
6. H istory of Roman Law. One hour.
(A study in the
history of some topic in Roman Law; the lecture course on
Roman Law, or its equivalent, must precede.)
7. History of Germanic Law. One hour. (To include the
reading of all the materials named in Course C, 4, Prescribed
Reading; and an essay on a selected topic.)
8. Modern Continental Law of Eiirope. One hour. (A study
of some subject of contemporary law in one or more European
Continental countries.)
9. Comparative Legislation. One hour. (A study of some
problem of modern legislation in two or more countries of
Europe or America.)
10.
Comparative History of Legal Ideas. One hour. (A
study of the development of some legal idea or transaction in
different independent systems, European and non-European.)
11. Legal Bibliography.
One hour. (The preparation of a
topical bibliography on some one of the branches of law, or a
substantial part of it, named in these courses.)
12. Ecclesiastical Law.
One hour. (A study of some topic
of ecclesiastical law, European or American.)
13. Constitutional and Admiiiistrative Law of Continental
Europe. One hour. (A comparative study of some constitutional
or administrative principle in the countries of Continental
Europe.)

�BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

14

r4. Legal Ethics. One hour. (A study of some problem of
legal ethics.)
rs. Principles of American Law. One hour. (A study of
some doctrine or rule of law in one or more jurisdictions of the
United States.)
r6. Parliamentary Law. One hour. (A study of some rule
of parliamentary law or practice, as applied to-day in legislative,
municipal, corporate, and other deliberative bodies.)
17. Latin-American Law. One hour. (A study of some subj ect of contemporary law in one or more Latin-American countries.)
r8. Criminal Law and C1·imiiiology. One hour. (A study
of some topic in this branch of the law.)
19. International Law. One hour. (A study of some topic
in international law and diplomatic practice; the lecture course
in International Law I, or its equivalent, must precede.)

C.

COURSES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE.

T rademarks and Copyrights. Six lectures. Mr. PrCKAR0.
General Review-Five hours a week for a month ; given
twice, in September and June, prior to the State examination for
admission to the Bar.
Mr. BAYS.
Legal Ethics-Five lectures.
Professor FOLLANSBEE.
Patents- Five lectures.
Professor LINTHICUM.
D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN COURSES IN
THE FOREGOING LIST.
I.

COURSES OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, AND
JURISPRUDENCE.

Co1trse A. (First Year.) Introduction to Legal History and
the Study of the Law. Materials for prescribed reading.
(a) Blackstone's Commentaries ( any edition) ; Introductiol),
Sections 1-4; Book I , Chapters r, 2, S, 9; Book III, Chapters 3, 4,
S, 6, 7, 8, 9, r2, 13; Book I, Chapters r r, r2; Book III, Chapters
17-19, 20-24, 25, 26; Book IV, 01apters 19-24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32;
Book II, Chapters 4, s, 6 ; Book IV, Chapter 33.
(b) Woodruff' s Introduction to the Study of Law.
(c) Wambaugh's Study of Cases, Part I only.
Course B. (Second Year ; prescribed.) History of the Bench
and Bar. Materials for reading: Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors (later editions), Vols. VIII-X (Erskine to Brougham,

�CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

15

inclusive; excepting cc. 181, 186, 18g, 194, 199, 201, 203, 205, 209,
228, 229); and Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices, Vol. III,
cc. 30-40 (Mansfield); and the two essays of Zane and Veeder, in
Select Essays on Anglo-American History, Vol. I ( edited for the
Association of American Law Schools, 1907) .
Course BA. (Second Year; optional.) History of the Bench
and Bar. Materials for reading:
(a) Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors, Vols. VI, VII
(Hardwicke to Loughborough, inclusive); excepting cc. 132, 133,
134, 146, 147, 149, 150, 151;
and (b) Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices, Vol. IV (Kenyon
to Tenterden, inclusive) ; excepting c. 50; or any one of the following English biographies: Arnould's Life of Denman; Hardcastle's Life (Autobiography) of Campbell; O'Brien's Life of
Russell; Atlay's Victorian Chancellors;
and (c) Any two of the following American biographies: Life
and Letters of Joseph Story; Harvey's Reminiscences, or Lodge's
Life of Daniel Webster; Brown's Life, or Neilson's Memoirs of
Rufus Choate; Memoirs and Letters of James Kent; Memoirs of
Sargent S. Prentiss; Magruder's Life of John Marshall; Caton's
Bench and Bar of Illinois; Carson's History of the Federal Supreme
Court; 01- any three volumes of Lewis' Great American Lawyers.
Course BB. (Second Year; optional.) History of the English Legal System. Materials for reading : (a) Pollock and Mait•
land's History of the English Law, Vols. I, II; or, Holdsworth's
History of English Law, Vols. I, II, III; and (b) the following
works: Holmes' The Common Law; Stephen's History of the
Criminal La w, or (c) Select Essays on Anglo-American Legal
History, Vols. I, II, III.
Course C. (Third Year.) 1. Jurispruden ce. Materials: any
one work under each of the following two divisions: (a) Analytical Jurisprudence: Austin's Jurisprudence; Holland's Jurisprudence; Salmond's Jurisprudence; Terry's Principles of AngloAmerican Law. (b) Historical Jurisprudence: Maine's Ancient
Law; Fustel's Ancient City; Lee's Historical Jurisprudence. But
a credit for work done in the course on Analytical Jurisprudence,
in the general curriculum, will be accepted in place of this Course
C, l;
or, 2. International Law. Materials as prescribed in the regular
course of lectures, International Law 1 ;
or, 3. Roman Law. Materials: Any one of the following texts:
Gains' Institutes, edited by Poste; Justinian's Institutes, edited
and translated by Moyle; Pound's Readings in Roman Law. But

�16

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

a credit for work done in the course on Roman Law, in the general curriculum, will be accepted in place of this Course C, 2;
or, 4. History of Germanic Law. Materials: Any one of the
following works: Heusler's Institutionen des deu tschen Rechts;
Brunner's Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte; Brissaud's :Manuel d'histoire du droit franc;ais.
Regulations for the foregoing work:
(I) For graduation, a credit of not less than Gra_de C, averaged for the whole three courses, must have been obtained in
Course A, Course B, and Course C, 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.
(2) A credit of one term hour will be given on passing the
examination in each one of the above courses of reading, as well
as in the optional Courses BA and BB. A student may cumulate
these credits by passing in Course BA or Course BB or Course
C, 2, 3, or 4, or in all, in addition to the required minimum of
three courses prescribed under Rule (1) above.
(3) An examination will be held at the beginning of the
first term of the year and at the end of the first and the second
term, in all of the prescribed courses; but notice must be filed
in the Secretary's Office, at least two days before the announced
date of examination, by each student intending to take it.
Students are urged to do the required reading during the
summer vacation.
A student failing at any examination may take the next regular examination, if he has rev iewed the work.
A student may take any of these examinations at any time
after entering the School, no matter to what class he belongs.
A student entering with advanced standi11g need not take
Course A.
(5) A student who, at a college or a law school, has already
obtained credit for work equivalent to Course C, 1, 2 , 3, or 4, will
be given credit for that Course as requ ired in this School; but
may also obtain credit by doing the work of any remaining
Courses not elsewhere taken.
(6) No lectures are given in any of these Courses (except
C, 1, 2 and 4, the lecture comses of Jurisprudence, International
Law and Roman Law); the work is done by private study. But
the courses are under the general supervision of the Dean, who
will give any des ired advice on the subjects of study.
(7) The credit in any of the Courses C will count as one of
the required ten term-hours of the Third Year.
(8) Students are recommended to own the books named, if
they can afford to purchase them. But the School will provide a

�CURRICULUM FOR 1908-1909.

17

sufficient number of duplicate copies of the books named for the
prescribed reading.
II.

COURSE IN

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS IN CONTEMPORARY LEGISLATION.

This advanced, or seminar, course, open to third-year students
whose scholarship average is not less than B, will be offered in
the second term of the year. The course will count as one termhour of credit, and will be given in sessions of two hours each
week for the second term, each session to be in the nature of a
conference, and to consist of a report by one member of the
class, followed by criticism from the other members and the
instructor. A list of select topics, not less than twenty-five in all,
is posted on the Bulletin Board by October IS, and therewith a
short reference list for each topic to the appropriate material.
The topics will be assigned to the members of the class according
to their preferences; for this purpose all persons desiring to take
the course must register with the Secretary before October IS,
and the topics will be assigned at a preliminary meeting called
as soon thereafter as may be feasible . Each member will be
expected to make a thorough study of the :•.vailable materials
under his topic. He will then at the conference present a short
written summary of the nature of the problem, the proposed
remedies, and his conclusions thereon, accompanied by a bibliography of the materials consulted. This short report must be
circulated in manifold, among all members of the course, one week
beforehand. A more extended report or essay, covering all
details, will be filed later with the instructor. The number of
members of the course is limited to sixteen. An excess of applications over this nmnber will be apportioned according to some
plan to be settled between the instructor and the applicants. Each
member will have but one topic assigned to him, and will make
his report at such time after February I as may be determined
by mutual agreement at the preliminary meeting in October.
III.

TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.

As a part of the systematic instruction in the body of the law
represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to pro
vide adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and
discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing
and speaking which help materially to equip the accomplished
lawyer. The various branches of work directed to this end are as
follows:

�18

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

I. Pleadings and Other Instruments-In the courses on Common Law Pleading, Code Pleading and Equity Pleading, in addition to the study of the legal sources, the student is given exercises
in the drafting of the various kinds of pleadings. In Corporations,
the class is formed, during the second term, into two corporations,
which organize, elect officers, issue stock, enlarge capital, keep
books, consolidate, and do various other acts of corporate businesso
which call for the drafting of instruments and otherwise familiarize the student with the modes of using the legal knowledge
required. In the other courses, particularly Commercial Paper,
Carriers, Insurance, and the like, attention is paid to the study of
forms of instruments in common use.
2. Conveyancing-In the course on Conveyancing, the chief
material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of
title, some fifteen in all, representing the greatest variety of documents and proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy
of each abstract is placed in the hands of every mewber of the
class, and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form
and substance from the conveyancer's point of view, and with
regard to the laws of different States. Thorough work in this
course ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the
time of his entering upon his profession. No one may take this
course who has not alrealy taken the courses Property I and II.
3. Trial Practice-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the
rules of law. In the course on Evidence, the class is given several
sorts of auxiliary drill in the use of the rules. In the Practice
Court an opportunity is given to the third-year students to become
practically familiar with all these rules by the personal application
of them in litigation managed by the student himself. The Court's
sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours.
During each session from one to three cases are tried, with and
without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects.
In the meantime, between the sessions, numbers of causes are
being prepared and advanced from stage to stage by the studentattorneys in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched, at the
hearings, by the respective attorneys, all other members of the
class are required to attend and make notes and report of the work
being done, so that each one obtains some benefit also from what is
done in his presence by others. A faithful observance of the work
of this course ought to give the graduate such an experience in
using his legal knowledge as will assist him materially to start
in his profession with greater readiness and practical facility. The

�CURRICULUM FOR 1go8-1909.

19

systematic pursuit of such work under an experienced instructor
obtains for the student the same results as a period of desultory
service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more
thorough and accurate in quality. A copy of the printed Rules of
the Practice Court will be mailed to anyone upon request.
4. Legal Tactics-For the past seven years, on every Monday
evening until April, an address was given, by some well-known
member of the Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he had
had special experience, and in which the communication of personal
experience was of special value as a guide to others. This course
has been of particular value to young practitioners already at the
Bar, and will be repeated in 1909-1910, with some changes. The
list of addresses, with the names of the speakers, for 1909-10,
will be published in the August-October number of the Quarterly
Bulletin.
5. Thesis-It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original
research by students. Any member of the third-year class may
therefore obtain credit in any amount not exceeding two term hours
by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved
by a member of the Faculty before December I. The thesis must
be presented on or before May 15 of the year in which the student expects to graduate; it must be ·printed, on the typewriter or
otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work
should be begun not later than October.
6. Editorial Work-The work of editing and digesting the
opinion and record of a decided case for the use of the profession
is of great value in cultivating the skill required for preparing
briefs and analyzing the value of a precedent. Each year not more
than seven members of known ability are appointed from the second and third-year classes as Associate Editors of the Illinois Law
Review, and have charge of digesting the manuscript decisions of
the Appellate Court.
7. Legal Writing and Forensics-The function of a lawyer, as
a persuasive adviser and leader of men, needs for its development
some training in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings, and the like. This instruction has been consolidated into a single graded course, continuing through the three
years, and is required for graduation. Persons entering with advanced standing who have not taken equivalent work elsewhere
are subject to the remaining requirements applicable to the class
which they enter, except ; that a candidate for a degree in one
year may be exempted from specified parts of the work, or may

�20

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

be required to substitute the second year for the third year work.
The course at large is entitled, Legal Writing and Forensies.
In the first year it is entitled Forensics, Lectures and Exercises;
in the second year, Moot Court and Public Debate; in the third
year, Practical Legal Advice.
The credit for work &lt;lone is as follows: First year, r term
hour; second year, I term hour; third year, r term hour.
The first year work (prescribed) is as follows:
J. a. Voice Training; October and later; exercises in sections
of ·twelve or fifteen, once a week.
b. Legal Argumentation and Briefs; November to April, inclusive; once a week at 3 :45 p. m.; lectures on Argumentation,
accompanied by individual exercises in Oral Forensics and Brief..
writing, subject to private correction and public criticism by the
instructor.
For work done in parts a and b, combined, a credit of one
term hour is ··allowed.
The second year work (prescribed) is as follows:
II. a. M o-ot Courts. In the second year a Moot Court is
held once a week from November I to May 1, at I :45 p. m.
The secon&lt;l year class is divided into two sections, A and B, each
section to meet on alternate weeks. The work consists of the
preparation and delivery of arguments and opinions of law on
statements of facts assigned beforehand. The mark of each member of the section is determined by his work as counsel, assigned
and unassigned, and as judge. No student shall be recommended
for a degree ( except by unanimous vote of the faculty) wlw has
not satisfactorily done the work of this course; except that person entering the third-year class from another School may by
vote be excused from this work.
b. Public Debate. A student entering the preliminary contests for the Towle Prizes for Public Speaking in April, and being
selected for the second preliminary and taking part therein, may
receive a credit of one term hour. No student shall be eligible for
this contest who has not taken the work of l, a, and b, or the
equivalent in another School.
The third year work (optional) is as follows:
III. a. Legal Advice Clubs. All third-year students may
form Legal Advice Clubs, formed by voluntary selection, on or
before October 10, supplemented by assignments to vacancies by
the Secretary of the School. Difficult cases arising in actual prac-tice, sent in for advice for alumni or other practitioners, will be
submitted to the Clubs in rotation as the cases come in. A written

�CURRICULUM FOR rgo8-r909.

21

0p1mon, c1t111g authorities, is to be handed to the Professor specially in charge within seven days or such other time as may be
agreed upon.
b. Office Work with Clients. After October r not more than
ten students are to be assigned for practical office and trial work
as assistants in the Chicago Legal Aid Society, University Branch.
The assignments to be made to those who beforehand file their
names with the Secretary of the School, in order of the time of
filing and rank of the student in scholarship, but no student hav:ng
grade C in more than one coune to be eligible for assignment.
The number of hours of work from each person to be determined
by agreement with the Superintendent of the Society. In 1908-og,
the usual arrangement was for each student-attorney to give one
or two half-days per week to the work of the Society.
For work done in part a a credit of one term hour will be
allowed each member of a club; provided that club has furnished
a suitable number of cases in the year.

�VI.

REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND
GRADUATION

A. Admission. Persons applying for admission as
regular students must answer the following requirements :
Age.-They must not be less than eighteen years of age.
Preliminary Examination.
(I) Graduates of a college, university, or technological in stitute may be admitted without examination, upon exhibiting their
diplomas.
(2) Gradua tes of a high school or an academy maintaining a
four years' course of study, of satisfactory grade, may be admitted
without examination, upon presenting a satisfactory certificate of
the proper school authority.
(3) Persons who have pursued a course of study equivalent
to the four years' academic course, specified in the preceding
paragraph, may be admitted without examination, upon the certificate of any authorized public officer, or of any proper authority
of an institution of advanced learning.
(4) All other applicants for admission must pass a satisfactory examination upon the subjects required for entrance to the
College of Liberal Arts in the University. For these requirements
see the University Annual Catalogue.
(5) Members of the Junior and Senior classes, in good standing in the College of Liberal Arts, may elect work in the course
in Law which shall count toward graduation in both the College
of Liberal Arts and the School of Law, but the work elected cannot exceed one year's work in the School of Law. Each election
shall be subject to the approval of both Faculties.
This provision enables a student to complete a course in the
College of Liberal Arts and a course in Law in six years.
Advanced Standing. The requirements in regard to advanced
standing are explained under the title "Degrees."
Special Students. Persons not desiring to be candidates for
a degree may pursue one or more courses as special students,
provided they are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage.
They will receive a certificate of all work done. They may at
I.

2.

22

�ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.

23

any time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they were
substantially qualified under the above requirements at the time
of first entering the school. No special student may take more
than twenty-five term hours of work in one year without special
permission from the Dean.

B. Graduation and Degrees. All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this
occasion all candidates for degrees are required to present
themselves in person, the Oxford cap and gown being worn
as the official dress.
I.

BACHELOR OF LAWS.

The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by
the Trustees of the University upon students who are recommended therefor by the Faculty of the School. Such
students will be recommended as in the judgment of the
Faculty are of fit character and have complied with the
following requirements :
I. Length of Attendance. Regular attendance for three years
is required of all students, with the following exceptions:
I. Students who have obtained credit in law for one year,
in either a college or a law school in good standing, may obtain a
degree in two years.
2 . Students who have satisfactorily completed two years' study
in a law school in good standing may obtain a degree in one year.
3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study
in a law school in good standing, and who have also obtained
credit in law for one year in a college in good standing, may become candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special
permission from the Dean.
4. All applications for advanced standing must be presented
before November I of the applicant's year of entrance.
II. Course of Study. I. Candiddates for a degree must register for courses amounting to at least ten hours a week for each
year.
2. All candidates for a degree must obtain credit in courses
amounting to sixty-six term hours, provided that in reckoning
the total number of term hours required for graduation there must
be included at least ten hours of credit obtained in each term of
the third year.
3. Persons who have satisfactorily completed a two years'
course of study in another law school, in good standing, may be

�24

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

given credit for this work and be excused from no more than
one-half of the examinations above required.
Persons who have sati sfactorily completed less than two years'
study of law in a college or another law school, in good standing, may be given credit for this work and be excused from these
examinations to such extent as shall be determined in each
case by the Dean. The specific subjects in which such credit may
be given will be determined by th e Secretary at the time of admission .
4. Not later than October rs and February rs, in each year,
every regular first and second year student shall file in writing
with the Secretary his election of courses of lectures taken by
h.im in the current term for the purpose of obtaining credit for
graduation. The amount of courses taken shall not, without the
cc-nsent of the Faculty, exceed twelve term hours in all (or thir ·
teen, whenever no one-hour course is elected) ; provided that in
r eckoning this total amount no course shall be considered which
( r) is a course of a prior year taken for a second time for the
purpose of improving a mark given in a former year, or (2)
is a course of a prior year taken by a student _ entering with
advanced standing for the purpose of fulfilling a condition imposed
at entrance.
5. Four grades are given for wor k clone. The grades are as
follows: A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure. A student may not count a course in which he obtains grade
C, except so far as he obtains grade A in another course or courses;
and except that he may count courses in which he obtains grade
C to the extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be clone
by him in this School for graduation.
No student who has received grade D in any subject will be
admitted to a second examination in that subject, unless such
student is registered and in regular attendance at such course
throughout the period covered by the examination.
No student who has received grade B in any course will be
allowed re-examination in such course without special permission .
III. PromM·ions. a. Any regular student of the first-year
class (not being at the time a candidate also for the degree of
A. B. a s junior or senior in the College of Liberal Arts) who
obtains less than r6 hours of credit in all the work of that year
will be permitted to enter the second-year class, as candidate for a
degree in two more years, on condition only that he shall obtain
no mark lower than B in any examination at the end of the first

�ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.

i

\

f

25

te rm of th e second year and shall obtain by the end of the second
term of that year a total of 40 hours of credit.
,
b. Any regular student of the second-year class who obtain s
less than 40 hours of credit in all the work of the first two years
will be permitted to enter the third-year class, as candidate for
a degree in one more year, on condition only that he obtain by
th e end of the first term of that year a total of 52 hours of cret1it.
c. In estimating the above credits, the usual rule for counting
m;. rks of A and C shall apply.
d. When in any case the condition above mentioned is not
fnlfilled, the student may continue in the School as a candidate
for a degree in not less than four years from the time of beginning.
e. The foregoing rules shall be applied by the Dean and the
Secretary, and each case of such conditional admission shall be
reported to the Faculty. But in any case, on petition, the Faculty, by vote, may authorize an exception from the rule or may
allow the continuance in regular standing of a student who has
not fulfilled a condition imposed under these rules.
II.

MASTER OF ARTS.

The Master's degree in Arts, Phil9sophy, Science, or
Letters will be conferre&lt;l under the following conditions:

I

A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University,
or of some other in which the requirements for the Bachelor's
degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters are equivalent to
the requirements for the same degree at this University, may
obtain the Master's degree at the same time with the degree of
Bachelor of Laws, by pursuing, with the sanction of the Faculty
of Liberal Arts, advanced work in subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit in such work to the amount of twelve
semester hours; and by presenting a thesis on an approved topic.
The courses of study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal
subjects; but courses of legal study, in order to count for the
degree, must be (a) of an advanced nature; (b) not otherwise
counted for the degree of Bachelor of "Laws; (c) pursued under
the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law School.
Students in law, intending to become candidate for the Master's
degree, must register for the same in the College of Liberal Arts
and in the Law School on or before the first Monday in October
of the year in which they expect to graduate, and must pay th e
diploma fee of ten dollars. The Master' s degree is open upon the
same terms to graduates of the Law School who r~gister before

�26

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

the October next following the completion of their professional
course.
The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty of
Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for the tMaster's
degree: Constitutional Law, International Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Conflict of Laws, Legal History and Biography ( optional
reading).
III.

MASTER OF LAWS.

The degree of Master of Laws will be conferred
under the f()llowin,g conditions :
The candidate
(a) Must have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Laws in
this University, or in some university or , college having equal
requirements;
(b) Must complete, in addition to above, one year of residence
in this Law School, during which time credit must be obtained in
not less than fifteen term hours in subjects offered in the work of
the third year and not previously counted toward the Bachelor's
degree;
(c) Must complete an exhaustive study of some point or topic
of local law, submit to an examination thereon, and present a
paper embodying the results, of such · character as to be suitable
for publication in the Illinois Law Review.
IV.

JURIS DOCTOR.

The degree of Juris Doctor will be conferred under
the following conditions:
The candidate
(a) Must present a diploma of the degree of A. B., or its
equivalent, from the Faculty of Liberal Arts of this University, or
of some other in which the requirements are substantially equivalent, or a certificate showing the completion of at least two years'
work under such Faculty and including at least one course each
in Latin, French and German;
(b) Must have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Laws in
this University, or in one whose requirements are substantially
equivalent;
(c) Must obtain credit in the courses of the Fourth (Graduate) year to the amount of twenty term hours, of which not
more than ten are to be obtained in the Lecture courses and
not less than ten in the Reading courses; but in the Reading

�ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.

27

courses the work done in any one of the courses may be given a
credit not to exceed five hours, or in any two or any three of the
courses a credit not to exceed seven hours, provided two members
o~ the Faculty so certify.
Candidates must register on or before the first Monday in
October of the year of candidacy; they must pay half the fees of a
special student for the lecture courses, the library fee of alumni,
and a diploma fee of twenty dollars.

�VII.

TUITION FEES; SCHOLARSHIPS; PRIZES

Tuition Fees.
I. The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and
twenty-five dollars a year, payable in three installments of forty-five
and forty dollars each, October r, January ro, and March JI. A
rebate of five dollars is allowed to students who pay the entire
tuition in advance on October r.
2. Special stitdents are charged at the rate of six dollars for
each hour of class-room work for a half year. The fee for the
course in Patent Law is twenty-five dollars.
3. In addition to the tuition fee, in all cases, a matriculation
fee of five dollars is charged, payable once only, upon eatering the
School.
4. The fee for the course in General Review is fifteen dollars
to members or graduates of this School; to all others the fee is
twenty dollars.

Scholarships for Students.
Fifteen assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually. These receive one hundred and twenty-five dollars each in
compensation for their services. Applications for appointment
should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School.

Pri.zes.
I. The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of $roo, and a second prize
of $50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the
Law School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded
to the students who shall, in public competition, be adjudged most
proficient in debate.
In r907-rgo8, the Towle Prize of $roo was awarded to Ernest
Palmer, M. A., of Lake Forest, a member of the first-year class,
and the Towle Prize of $50 to Frank Beatty, A. B., of Thornburg,
Iowa, a member of the second-year class. The question debated
concerned the enactment of an employer's liability law.
In 1908-09 the Towle prize was not awarded.
2.
The Follansbee Prize .-A prize of $50, the gift of .Mitchell

28

�PRIZES.
Davis Follansbee, Esq., will be awarded to the writer of the best
thesis on some subject relating to Legal Ethics.
The Follansbee Prize was awarded in 1907-o8 to Henry Fehrman of Chicago.
3. The Hyde Prize.-This prize, the gift of Charles Cheney
Hyde, Esq., consists of the interest on a fund of $700, and is
awarded not oftener than once in two years to the writer of the
best thesis on some subject of International Law.
The Charles Cheney Hyde Prize was not awarded in 1907-o8.
4. The MacChesney Prizes.-A first prize, to consist of a
framed etched or engraved portrait of one of the distinguished
American or English jurists named on page 15 (to be selected by
the prize-winner), and a second prize, to consist of the complete
works of one of the distinguished American or English legal
authors named on page 15 (to be selected by the prize-winner),
offered by Nathan William MacChesn~y, Esq., will be awarded to
those of the second or third-year class who shall submit before
June 1 in each year the best paper or essay on some topic connected with the subjects of -Courses B, BA, BB, and C, in the
Courses of Reading on Legal History, Legal Biography, and Jurisprudence. The prizes wil!. be awarded by a committee consisting
of the Dean of the School, the Editor-in-Chief of the J/linois La7,.V
Review, and one other person to be selected by them ; and the
successful papers will be published in the Illinois Law Review.
The MacChesney Prizes were not awarded in 1907-o8.
5. The Callaghan Prize.-For the best record 111 scholarship
for the entire course.
In 1go8 the Callaghan Prize, of $so in hooks, to be selected
from the publications of Messrs. Callaghan &amp; Co., was awarded to
Cecil Barnes, A. M., of Chicago.

�VIII.

THE ORDER OF THE COIF

The Order of the Coif was organized in 1907. Its purpose is
the encouragement of scholarship and the advancement of ethical
standards in the legal profession. The membership consists of
seven regular students in each class of the Law School who receive
the highest grades in scholarship, four of whom are elected and
installed in the month of May of the second school year of the
class, and the other three in the month of October of the third
year of the class.
The members from the class of 1909 are:
Robert L. Cuttner,
Allan J . Carter,
Ernest W. Schroeter,
John L. Gust,
Frederick Ullmann, Jr.,
Elmer M. LiessmamJ,
Theodore Schmidt.

30

�IX.

REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE
ALUMNI ASSOCIATION
GENERAL OFFICERS.

President, Alfred D. Eddy, 1879, 115 Adams St., Chicago.
First Vice-President, Sigmund Zeisler, 1884, First National
Bank Bldg., Chicago.
Second Vice-President, Redmond D. Stephens, 1899, Corn
Exchange Bank Bldg., Chicago.
Third Vice-President, Frederick Burnham, 1905, Assistant
State's Attorney, Chicago.
Treasurer, Samuel E. Knecht, 1891, State Bank of Chicago,
Chicago.
Secretary, Daniel P. Trude, 1904, 79 Clark St., Chicago.

The Alumni Association has been engaged in forming
local Branches of the Association in every State and Territory in which there are Alumni of the School, as well
as in each judicial district of Illinois outside of Cook
County. A Secretary has been appointed in nearly every
one of these jurisdictions-some fifty-four in all. The
object of the formation of these Branches is to promote
mutual acquaintance and helpfulness among those alumni
who are locally associated in practice. The list of officers
selected up to the present date, as furnished by Alfred D.
Eddy, General Secretary of the Association ( IIS Adams
Street, Chicago), is as follows:
STATE

BRANCHES.

Secretary.

Alabama

Vice-Presid ent.
William H . H . Judson, '65,

Arizona

Frederick S. Nave, '97, Henry B. Wilkinson, '99,

California
(Northern)
California
(Southern)
Colorado

Bessemer.

Phrenix.

Tucson.

Theodore W . Hubbard, 'g6,
Parrott Bldg.,
San Francisco.

George P . Adams, '87,
Bullard Block,
Los Angeles.

A. Lee Doud,
7 ts Ernest

Denver.

31

&amp; Cra mner Bldg.,

�32

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Georgia

Ebenezer Wakely, '71,

Idaho

Albert J. Green, '87,

Valdosta.

]\'[oscow.

Indiana

James E . Babb, '84,
Lewiston.

Thaddeus M. Talcott, Jr.,
South Bend.

'96,

Indian Territory

Harry Campbell,

Iowa

Robt. L. Welch, '03,

Kansas

T heodore H. Morrison, '95,

Kentucky

J. Clyde Nelson, '88,

Michigan

Henry F. M'etzger, '97,

Sapulpa, I. T .

Knoxville.

1604 Fairmont Ave.,

Wichita.

Sharpsburg.

Sault Ste. Marie.

l\-iinnesota Hon. Homer B. Dibell, '90,A . B. Choate, '83,
Duluth.

410

Temple Court,
Minneapolis.

,lVJissonri

Jacob A. Harzfeld, '97,

Montana

Richard A. Harlow, '85,

Nebraska

Hon. William J. Bryan, '84,

525 New York Life Bldg.,
Kansas City.

Helena.

Lincoln.

New Eng. Hon. Sewell W . Abbott, '83.William F. Poole, Jr., '93,
Wolfborough.

N ew Jersey
New Mexico
New York

185 Franklin St.,
Boston.

Oliver L. Brown, '94,
John H. Stingle,
Albuquerque.

Hon. E. H. Gary, '67,

North Carolina

New York City.

26 Telephone Bldg.,
Newark.

Andrew M. Adams, '97,
Albuquerque.

William F. Myers, '93,
Amsterdam.

James L. Curtis, '93,
Raleigh.

North Dakota

Edward R. Sinkler, 'g6,

Ohio

Joseph D. Kerr, '84,

Grafton.

Hicksville.

Secretary.

Vice-President.
Oklahoma

George G. Barnes, '05,

Oregon

Oklahoma City.

Cl1arles H . Glos, '94,

218 Chamber of Commerce,
Portland.

Pennsylvania

Forest G. Moorhead, 'or,

South Dakota

John F. Whitlock, '82,

Texas

Edward W . Hander, '94,

Utah

Robert N. Freeman, '79,

Virginia

Clare E. Crawford, '97,

Beaver.

Forest City.

Waco.

Salt Lake City.

Elmont.

�OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI A SSOCIATION .

33

Washington

Howard N. Waterman, 1900,

Wisconsin

J olm K Fish, '94,

Boston Block,
Seattle.

Old Insurance Bldll'.,
Milwaukee.

Wyoming

Charles F. Mallin, '94,

District of Columbia

Phillip E. Winter, '83,

Hawaii

Carl S. Smith,

Japan

Abo Shiosuke, '93,
Hon . \Vrn. A. McLaren,
1A

Switzerland

r3.
14.
15.
16.
17.

Tokyo.

Tndependencia 36,

Mexico City, Mex.

J oseph S. Kennard,

Lausanne, Switzerland.

Secretary.

2. Aa ron J. Gould,
3. Hon. Wilbur M. \Varnock,
'82,
4. Charles H. Holt, '92,
5. F rank C. Van Sellar, '97,
6. Thoma s N. Cofer, '96,
7. John A. Barber, '97.

12.

'96,

BRANCHES IN J UDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS.

No.
Dist.

8.
9.
ro.
r I.

814 "A," South East,
Washington.

Hilo.

Mexico

Jus.

Cheyenne.

John D. Gray, '94,
Co nrad G. Gumbert, '95,
Frank S. Fulton, '97,
William L. McMahan, '92,
Charles B. Campbell, '97,
Wellington H. Shay, '94,
William J. Sweeney, '95,
Solon W. Crowell, '96,
William M. Mercer, 'or ,
John E. Goembel, '91,

Address.
Bone Gap.
Edwardsvill e.
Salem.
Paris.
Cha rl estton.
F~rmers' Nat'] Bank Bldg.,
Springfield.
Havana.
Macomb.
419 Observatory Bldg., Peo ria.
Lincoln.
27 A rcade Bldg., Kankakee.
Streator.
Rock Island.
Oregon.
337 Coulter Block, Aurora.
502 E. State St., Rockford .

�X.

LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING
THE YEAR 1908-1909
THIRD YEAR.

Amberg, Walter Arnold,
Anderson, Ernest Emil,

Chicago.
Donovan, Ill.

Andrews, Hiram Wells,

Geneseo, Ill.

Arnold, Earl Casper,

Iola, Kan.

Bain, Lewis Arthur,

Chicago.

Basta, George Aldrich,
Beatty, Frank ,M.,

Chicago.
Thornbwrg, Iowa.

Bednorz, Charles,

Chicago.

Bernstein, Aleck Louis,
Blake, Guy Minnich,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Boose!, Joseph,
Brosnan, Patrick Joseph,
Butler, Leroy Dawson,
BL1tz, Robert Otto,

Chicago.
Chica.go.
Madison, Wis.
Winnetka, Ill.

Carter, Allan John,

Evanston, Ill.

Christopher, David A.,
Church. Ralph Edwin,

Millersburg, Ohio.
Catlin, Ill.

Cleary, James Mansfield,

Chicago.

B. S. Northwestern University.

Knox College.

A. B. Baker University.
Lewis Institute.

A. B. Iowa Wesleyan University.
Associate in Science, University of Chicago.

A. B. Northwestern University.

Harvard University.

A. B. University of Illinois.

A. B. University of Michigan.

A. B. University of Illinois.

Cobb, Charles Lawrence,

Lake Forest, Ill.

Cokell, Arthur Harold,
Connor, Maurice James,

Chicago.
Manchester, N. H.

A. B. Lake Forest University.
A. B. Harvard University.

Crull, Norris Elliott,

Elkhart, Ind.

Davidson, John Lefler,
Dixon, Willard J erorne,

Springfield, Neb
Kankakee, Ill.

Epstein, Benjamin,
Fales, James Turner,

Chicago.
Lake Forest, !II.

Floberg, Frederick Oscar,
Foreman, Herbert· Spencer,

Chicago.
Whitehall, Ill.

University of Indiana.

Northwestern University.

A. B. Haverford College.

B. S. University of Chicago.

34

�NAMES OF STUDENTS.
Foster, Lucius Newton,
Gilbert, Samuel Harvey,

Marshfield, Wis.
Potomac, Ill.

Gross, Harvey,

Hidalgo, Ill.

Gust, John Lewis,

Mitchell, S. D.

Hansen, Harry Clyde,
Hawley, Melvin Moses,

Geneva, Ill.
Kingsville, Ohio.

Hawxhurst, Ralph Reynaud,

Evanston, Ill.

Hotchkiss, Miles Elias, Jr.,

Chicago.

Howison, Hugh Alexander,

Chicago.

Huttner, Robert Leon,

Chicago.

B. S. Northwestern University.

B. S. Valparaiso University.

Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan University.

B. S. Northwestern University.
Northwestern University.

University of Chicago.

Armour Institute.

Northwestern University.

Isaacs, Alfred Abraham,

Gillespie, Ill.

Jahnke, John Henry,

Eyota, Minn.

James, Leon Charles,
Jones, Lake,

Evanston, Ill.
Evanston, Ill.

Kadow, Zefiryn,
Kendall, William Rufos,
Leonard, Morris G.,
Lewis, Henry Delaney,
Liessmann, Elmer Martin,
Llabres, Louis,

Chicago.
Watseka, Ill.
Chicago.
Brooklyn, Ill.
Chicago.
Arroyo, Porto Rico.

McDonnell, Simon, Jr.,

Hancock, Mich.

McFadon, Robert Dean,

Chicago.

Macpherson, Donald Fraser,

Chicago.

Martin, Robert Cloughan,

Chicago.

Marx, Jacob Hart,

Chicago.

Mitchell, James Harry,

Chicago.

Myers, Abram Lincoln,
Neely, Robert Donald,

Chicago.
Omaha, Neb.

Peterson, Joseph Louis,
Philp, Leonard Hacker,
Prendergast, John,

Chicago.
Polo, Ill.
Wheaton, Ill.

Prendergast, Richard,

Wheaton, Ill.

Rabinoff, Samuel Randolph,
Riley, John William.

Chicago.
Chicago.

Roberts, Ralph Roscoe,

Evanston, Ill.

Cornell College.

B. S. Northwestern University.
State Normal School of Alabama.

Northwestern University.

Northwestern University.
Williams College.

A. B. Princeton University.

Armour Institute of Technology.
University of Chicago.

Marietta College.

University of Nebraska.

Harvard University.

A. B. Yale University.

B. S. Valparaiso University.
Northwestern University.

36

�36

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Root, Ralph Waldo,

Gal'l:a, Ill.

Schmidt, Theodore,

Indianapolis, Ind.

Schooler, Nathaniel,

Chicago.

Schroeter, Ernest Ulrich,
Shaffer, James Alexander,

Chicago.
Williamsfield, Ill.

Skinner, Josef Taylor,

Princeton, Ill.

Smith, Emory James,

Chicago.

Steere, Kenneth David,

Iowa Falls, Iowa.

Stewart, Benjamin Alter,
Thon, William Gustav,
Ullmann, Frederic, Jr.,

Maywood, Ill.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Underwood, Walter Scott,

Oak Park, Ill.

Vasen, Maurice Eschner,

Quincy, Ill.

Wagner, Rolland Morris,
Waldo, Otis Harvey, Jr.,

Liberty, Ill.
Chicago.

Weichbrodt, Rudolph Charles,

Chicago,

Northwestern Univers ity.

University of Indiana.

Lewis Institute.

Lombard University.

University of Chicago.

Lewis Institute.

A. B. Iowa State Universi ty.

A. B. Princeton University.
A. B. University' of Wisconsin.

A. B. University of Jllinois.

A. B. Yale University.

Lewis Institute.

Wescott, James Barney,

Lacon, Ill.

Whitehead, John Taylor,

Chicago.

Williams, Walter John,

Chicago.

Wilson, Oscar Sylvanus,
Wilson, Leon Theodore,

Chicago.
Peru, Ind.

vVittmeyer, Gustave, Jr.,

Chicago.

Zimmerer, Edwin Chester Arthur,

Nebraska City, Neb.

Northwestern University.

University of Michigan.

A. B. Lincoln Institute.

Northwestern University.

Northwestern University.

A. B. University of Nebraska.

SECOND YEAR.
Chicago.
Ackerman, Benjamin P .,
Marshalltown, Iowa.
Adams, Thomas Edward,
Northwestern University.

Allaben, Max Fenimore,

Polo, Ill.

Allen, Charles Thomas,
Amberg, Edmund Marshall,
Anderson, Leonard Earl,
Baker, Hart Edward,

Cary, Ill.
Chicago.
Anamosa, Iowa.
Chicago.

Bamberger, Eugene Julius,
Beck, Alphons A.,
Beers, Roscoe Wen dell,
Berg, William Gordon,

Chicago.
Chicago.
St. JosePh, Mich.
Chicago .

A. B. Amhe rst Co!lei,e.

Ph. B. University of Chicago.

Northwestern Unive rsity.

�NAMES OF STUDENTS.
Bird, Joseph Vincent,

Snohomish, Wash.

Block, Samuel Frederic,

Platteville, Wis.

Briggs, Warren Edward,
Caulfield, Jay,

Chicago_
Chicago_

Cavanagh, Richard Parkinson,
Corbitt, Kenneth Flint,
Davies, Frederick Lewis,
Engel, Albert Joseph,
Feldman, William,
Hall, Wilford Raymond,
Heineman, Edward Theodore,
Husband, Adolph Osborne,
Jenkins. Claude Carl, '

Kenosha, Wis.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.
McLeansboro, Ill.
Chicago.
Neoga, Ill.
Chicago.

Johnson, Harry McClure,

Peoria, Ill.

Kay, Wilfred Stearns,

Watseka, Ill.

King, John Crane, Jr., ·

Chicago.

University of Washington.

A. B. Umvcrsity of Michi!!'an.
St. Ignatius College.

Lewis Jnstitute.

A. B . Princeton University.
Northwes-::ern Un iversitv.

Fordham College.

Kiningham, Robert Baird,

Danville, Ill.

Krause, Herbert Charles,
Kuhn, Jacob Paul,

Milwaukee, Wis.
West Chicago, Ill.

Lally, John Hugh,

Evanston, Ill.

Landee, Frank Julian,

Moline, Ill.

Levin, Samuel,

Danville, Ill.

Lockart, Mont Griffith,

Vandalia, Ill.

Loucks, Vernon Reece,

Chicago.

Northwestern University.

Wheat0n Colle!!'e.

Boston University.

A. B. Augustana College.
University of Illinois.

S . B. Valparaiso University.

A . B. Northwestern University.

Lutkin, Harris Carman,

Evanston, Ill.

iM cKenna, John Falls,

Martin, Charles Chester,

Platteville, Wis.
Oak Park, Ill.

Marx, August, Jr.,

Chicago.

A. B . Northwestern University.

University of Chicago.
Lewis Institute.

Middleton, Samuel Dale,

Oak Park, Ill.

Morheiser, William Matthew,
Murray, Sidney Charles,

Chicago.
Davenport, Iowa.

Myers, John Ward,
Ogden, Dayton,
Palmer, Ernest,

Chicago.
Tisllilwa, Ill.
Lake Forest, Ill.

Patterson, Perry Smith,

Chicago.

Payne, Ben,

Rock Island, Ill.

Lewis Institute.

Ph. B. Yale University.

M. A. Lake Forest University.

University of Chicago.
University of Illinois.

37

�38

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Phillips, Stanley Albin,
Phillips, George Elmendorf,
Rein, Theodore Edwards,

Chicago.
Highland Park, Ill.
Chicago.

Riley, Thomas Henry,
Robinson, Earl Jay,

East Chicago, Ind.
Fort Dodge, Iowa.

Satterlee, Roscoe Earl,

Mitchell, S. D.

Schmidt, .Frederick Conrad Gottlieb,
Simon, Ben,
Six, Rollo,

Aurora, Ill.
Chicago.
Perry, Ill.

Spaulding, Edward Leslie,
Stanley, Edgar Verne,
Stern, Oscar David,

McGregor, Iowa.
Prescott, Iowa.
Chicago.

Stretton, Frank Peter,
Treadwell, Charles Alonzo,
Tuthill, Richard Stanley, Jr.,

Chicago.
Elgin, Ill.
Chicago.

Van Dellen, Elzo Lubbert,

Chicago.

Varga, Hugo E.,

Chicago.

Wakefield, Nathan Ruthvan,

Chicago.

Ward, Alfred James,
Wendland, Charles John,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Wheeler, Robert Campbell,

Chicago.

Whitson, Thomas Merrick,

Chicago.

University of Chicago.

University of Wisconsin.
Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan Univeroit:,.

Northwestern University.

University of Chicago.

A. B. Williams College.

A. M. University of Denver.

University of Budapest, Hungary.

A. B. University of Illinois.
Northwestern University.

A. B. Yale University.

A. B. Northwestern University.

Wilkinson, Earl Brown,

Chicago.

Wolf, Walter Bertram,

Chicago.

Wynne, Lloyd,
Yantis, Aubrey Leon,

Chicago .
Shelbyville, Ill.

Yott, Frank D.,
Zeiss, Carl Henry,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Lewis Institute.

A. B. Yale University.
University of Colorado.

B. L. Princeton University.

FIRST YEAR.
Baker, James C.,

Garrett, Ind.

Bates, Alben Frederick,

Elmhurst, Ill.

Northwestern University.

Lake Forest University.

Brickwood, Blaine Jackson,

Chicago .

Burns, Bartholomew Joseph,

Chicago.

Chayes, Harold Irving,
Clarke, Michael James,
Cody, Hiram Sedgwick,

Chicago.
Clinton, Iowa.
Chicago.

Associate in Arts, Lewis Institute.
De La Salle Institute.

A. B. University of Michigan.

�NAMES OF STUDENTS.
Cooper, Fred Allen,

Chicago.

Cummings, William L.,
Daniels,E arle Martin,
Darling, Charles William,
Dempsey, Charles Andrew,
Dill, Erritt Beveridge,

Clinton, Iowa.
Batavia, Ill.
Grand Rapids, Mich.
West Chicago, Ill.
Logansport, Ind.

Donnelly, John Carroll,
Evans, Donald Winslow,

Chicago.
Peoria, Ill.

Fish, Cameron,

Chicago.

Fisher, Edward Albert,
Frank, Sydney Joseph,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Glos, Albert Henry,

Elmhurst, Ill.

A . B. Dartmouth College.

Tri-State Normal College.
Northwestern University.

West Point Military Academy.

A. B. Yale University.
l.ewis Institute.

Hansen, James Berger,

Chicago.

Helander, William Eugene,
Herman, ,Maxwell,
Hilsabeck, Hugh Rudolph,
Hoffman, Harold,
Hoffman, Richard Yates,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Windsor, Ill.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Hoy, Alfred C.,
Hull, Isaac Harvey,

Naperville, Ill.
Saunemin, Ill.

Iehl, Edwin Albert,

Melvin, Ill.

Jacobs, Lewis Balthaser,

Canton, Ill.

Lewis Institute.

.

B. S. Hobart College.
Sage Gradunte Schoo! of Philosophy, Cornell University.
Northwestern University.

University of Illinois.

Lake Forest Universit:,.

Kosmerl, Francis S.,

Gregorian University, Rcme, lta]y.

Kraus, Samuel,
Love, Stephen,
Loy, Charles Edward,
McAuley, Arthur Joseph,
McKinstry, Irwin Roy,
McWilliams, Charles Milton,
Mallek, Leo S.,
Markham, Frank Henry,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Snohomish, Wash.
Chicago.
Beaver Dam, Wis.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Marshall, Ivey,

Phamix, Ariz.

St. John's Military Academy.
Occidental College.

Meyer, Rudolph,

Chicago.

Miller, Franklin Albert,
Miller, Roy Irving,

Chicago.
Rockford, Ill.

Milroy, Robert Arthur,
Mirus, James Oscar,
Moore, Paul,

Batavia, Ill.
Chicago.
New York, N. Y.

Muehlenbrink, Otto William,

College Point, N. Y.

M. D. Bennett Medical College.
Northwestern University.

A. B. Yale university.

39

�40

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

Navigate, Frank Paul Anthony,
O'Brien, William John,
O'Donohue, Sylvester Aloysius,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Parish, Cheaney Land,
Peifer, Edwin Tice,

Harrisburg, Ill.
Chicago.

A. B. St. Mary's College.

University of Michigan.

Perrill, Rodney Nieukirk,

Chicago.

Pio, James Percival,

Chicago.

Planer, Max,
Poor, Henry Ives,
Ramacciotti, Frank Anthony,
Reinke, Ju'lius,
Resnick, Irving Joseph,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Marinette, Wis.
Chicago.

University of Michigan.

Lewis Institute.

University of Chicago.

Roberts, Edward Brown,

Coshocton, Ohio.

Selz, Henry George,
Schaeffer, Morris,
Schupp, Robert William,
Schwarer, Frank Benjamin,
Scully, Alexander Clifford,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago .
Chicago.
Highland Par!?, Ill.

Shafer, Chester Arthur,

Diagonal, Iowa.

Shannon, Frederick Edward,

New Philadelphia, Ill.

Northwestern Univen:ity.

Ph. B. Yale University.

Northwestern llniversity.

A. B. Lake Forest University.

Smith, George Dresser,

Chicago.

Smith, Lawrence Mills,
Springer, Paul,
Stenge, Bernhard,
Storm, Clifford B.,
Stuart, Allison Ellsworth,

Pana, Ill.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Lockport, Ill.
Lafayette, Ind.

Stubbs, Donald Patterson,

Chicago.

Tascher, John Ralph,

Chicago.

Tuttle, Oral Percival,
V eeder, Paul Lansing,

Harrisburg, Ill.
Chicago.

Ph. B. Yale University.

A. B. Princeton University.
B. S. Nevada State University.

A. B. New Mexico State University.
A. B. Yale University.

Waldron, Carl Augustus,

Chicago.

Walker, Joel Phillips,

Horn Lake, Miss.

\il/atson, Charles Hamilton,

Monon, Ind.

Watson, Lewis Martin,

Monon, Ind.

Illinois State No rmal.

Bethel College.

N orthwestern University.

Northwestern University.

Wermuth, William Charles, Jr.,

Chicago.

Whipple, Merrick Ames,
Williams, Henry Dwight,

Chicago.
Raymond, Neb.

Northwestern University.

University of Nebraska.

�NAMES OF STUDENTS.

41

Wilson, George Lambert,

Chicago.

Wolf, Alexander,
Wood, George Ernest,

CJJ.icago.
Ellington, Conn.

B. A. S. Harvard University,
A. B. Amherst College.

Alsager, C. Martin,

GRADUATE.

A. B. Lombard University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Chicago.

Arthur, William Reed,

Chicago.

MacChesney, Nathan William,

Chicago.

Milkewitch, Isaac,

Chicago.

Olson, Olaf Adolph,

Chicago.

Perlman, Israel Burr,

Chicago.

Reardon, Neal Daniel,

Chicago.

A. B . Washburn College.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

A. B.; LL. B. University of Michigan.
LL. B. John Marshall Law School.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
M. L. John Marshall Law School.
A. B. University of Illinois.
LL. B. Ncrthwestern University.

Blake, Tiffany,

SPECIAL.

LL. B. Northwestern University.

:x

Chicago.

Bray, Artise Arnold,
Collier, George Carl,

Chicago.
Cincinnati, Ohio.

Cooper, Frank Leslie,

Washington, Ill.

Finder, Harry James,

Chicago.

Fischer, Augustus R.,

Chicago.

Harwood, Francis Laird,

Evanston, Ill.

Larned, Edwin Channing,

Lake Forest, Ill.

Long, William Henry,

Chicago.

MacDonald, Torrance Hugh,

Bltte Island, Ill.

Parkinson, Stirling Bruce,

Chicago.

Prohaska, Otokar L.,

Chicago.

A. B. University of Cincinnati.
Northwestern University.
Lewis Institute.

Ph. P., University of Chicago.

A. B. Northwestern University.
A. B. Harvard University.

B. S. Northwestern University.

S. B. University of Chicago.

University of Chicago.

B. S. Northwestern University.

Ryberg, Charles Elliott,

Nome, Alaska.

Shelburne, Archie Priest,

Chicago.

Sinnett, Thomas P.,

Crescent C,ity, Ill.

Taylor, Paul Moore,

H1mti11gton, Ind.

Van Schaick, Guy,

Chicago.

Verde, Vincenzo,

Chicago.

A. B. Carleton College.

University of Missouri.

University of Illinois.

Northwestern University.

B. L. University of California.

�}'

42

BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.

COURSE IN GENERAL PRACTICE.
Anderson, Arthur Alexander,
Chicago.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Barry, Francis Leo,

Chicago.

Bartlett, Robert Duncan,

Chicago.

Cox, Walter James,

Chicago.

Deuel, Walter Rogers,

Chicago.

DeLaney, Harry,

Huntingburg, Ind.

Didier, Gustave Philip,

Chicago.

Downey, John Joseph,

Chicago.

Duppler, Bertha Elizabeth,

Chicago.

Exter, Edward J.,
Felgar, Harry Hardy,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Freundlich, Alexander,

Chicago.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. University of Michigan.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Princeton University.

LL. B. University of Michigan.
St. Gregory's College.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Chicago-Kent College of Law.

Carthage College.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Garnett, Cyrus,

Chicago.

Grimm, Otto Frederick,

Alpena, Mich.

Ph. B. University of Chicago.

University of Michigan.

Hart, George B.,

Northwestern University.

Hogan, Robert Emmet,

Ch£cago.

Hurwitz, Louis J.,

Ch£cago.

Huszagh, Harold D.,
Jacobson, Lewis Friedman,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Jarecki, Edmund Kasper,

Chicagu.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Chicago Law School.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Johnson, Clyde Philip,

B. S. Carthage College.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

Karr, Richard Freeman,

Chicago.

Krusemark, Albert,

Chicago.

Lorenz, James Nicholas,

Chicago.

LL. B. Northwestern University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.

A. B. Cornell University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.

Larkin, Bernard John,

Chicago.

Lowe, Sylvester Tucker,

Ward, Idaho.

McCracken, Francis Joseph,

Chicago.

Mack, Conie W.,

Chicago.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
University of Chicago.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
S. B. Nebraska Normal College.
LL. B. Chicago-Kent College of Law.

�NAMES OF STUDENTS.
Morris, Eugene P.,

Watseka, Ill.

Manning, Horace Milton,

Chicago.

Martin, Isaac Crouse,
Mogg, Clayton Wiley,

Huntingdon, Pa.
Chicago.

Neils, John Walsh,

Chicago.

Nelson, William T.,
Oleson, George Arthur,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Rogers, John Harold,

Alexis, Ill.

Schmaus, Edward Thomas,

Chicago.

Simmons, Forrest Dale,

Chicago.

Spengler, Walter J.,

Chicago.

Stafford, James Henry,

Chicago.

Scott, Walter,

Chicago.

Staub, Casper, Jr.,
Taylor, Orville James, Jr.,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Tyrrell, Joseph Thomas,

Evanston, Ill.

Wah!, Orlin Ingersoll,

Chicago.

Wieboldt, Werner Augustus,

Chicago.

Weichbrodt, Rudolph Charles,

Chicago.

Weese, Harry Ernest,

Chicago.

Winterbotham, Joseph E.,

Merritt, Ill.

Zelensky, Mitchell Abraham,

Chicago.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

University of Chicago.
Chicago Kent College of Law.
Chicago Kent College of Law.

Lewis Institute.
LL. B. University of Chicago.
Notre Dame University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
University of Notre Dame.
LL. B. Northwestern University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

A. M. Ohio Wesleyan University.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
A. B. St. Ignatius College.
LL. B. Northwestern University.

LL. B. Northwestern University.
Lewis Institute.

S. B. Northwestern University.
A. B. Illinois College.

LL. B. Northwestern University.

43

�COLLEGE MATRICULATES.
Amherst College ... .. . . . . .... ... . .. ...................... . .... .
Armour Institute ........... . . . . . . .... . .... .. .... . .. . ......... .
Augustana College .. . ...... .. . . ..... . . ... ... .... . . .. .. .. .. .... .
Baker University . ... . .......................... ... ........... . .
Bethel College .... ...... ... .............. . ..... . ..... .... .... .
Boston University ..... .. .. .. . .. . . ... . . . .. . ............ . . . . . .. .
Carthage College .... . . . .. ... . . .... . . . ....... ... .. .. . . . ..... . . .
Larleton College . . .. . . .. .. ...... . . . . . ... . . . .... . . ........... .. .
Cornell College . .. . ... . .. ... . . . ..... . .... .. ..... . . .. . . . . . ..... .
Cornell University .. .. ..... .. .. ........... . . . ... . ....... .. .... .
Dakota Wesleyan University ......... . .... .. .. ... . .... .. .. . .... .
Dartmouth College . . .. . .... . . . . . . . . . .
. .. . . ... . . . .. .... . .
De La Salle Institute........ . .. . . ........
. .. .. . ........ .
Fordham College. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .. . . . . ..... ... . . .
Haverford College ...... . . ... ... . .. . . . ..... ... . . . ......... . . .. .
Harvard University . .... .... . . . .. ..... . . . ... . ... . ..... . ... . . . . .
Gregorian University, Rome, Italy ..... . .. ... . ............ . ... .
Illinois College. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . .
Illinois State Normal School. . . . . . .
. .... . .... . . .
Iowa State University . . ... . .......... . .. . . . . . .... .. . . ... . . . . . .
Io wa W esleyan University ... . . ... . . .
Knox College ......... . ... .... . . ... .. .. . . . .. .. . .. ... .. . .... .. .
La ke Forest University. . . . . . . . . . .
. .... . .. . .. . . .. .. ... . . .
. .. . .. . . ........ .
Lewis Institute. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lincoln Institute ...... . ................. . ......... . . . . . . . . .. . .
Lombard University ............. . .
Marietta College ... . .......... . . . . ... . ... . . . . . .. . .... .. ... ... .
Nebraska Normal College. . .. . . . . .. .
.. .. .. .. .. ...
. ..
Nevada State University ........... .. . . . ... . .. . . . . . .. . . . ... . . .
New Mexico State University .. ..... ...... . :.. ................ .
Northwestern University ............ . . .. . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . ... . .. .
Occidental College. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ..... ... . ... .
Ohio Wesleyan University .. ... . .
Princeton University ...... . ......... .
State Normal School of Alabama . ... .
St. Gregory's College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .. . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . .
St. Ignatius' College .. ... .. . . . . . ...... . .. . ..... .
St. John's Military Academy . . . ... .
St. Mary's College . . ... ... .... .. .
Tri-State Normal College. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ....... .
University of Budapest, Hungary.
. .. .. . .. .
University of California .. .......... . .. . . . . . .. . . . . ....... . .. . ..
University of Chicago ..... . . ... . .. . ..... . .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .....
University of Cincinnati.. .. ... ... ... ... ...... ... . . . .. ... . .. ....
University of Colorado... . . . . . . . .
. . . , .. . ...... . ... . . .
University of Denver ... .... .... . .. .. ... . ..... . .. .. . . . . .. . . . . . .
University of Illinois...
. . . ..... . ... .

44

2
2

2

2
2

[

5

l

4

16
2

r

40
I
I

6
2

I

I

19

r

I

9

�COLLEGE MATRICULATES.

45

University of Indiana......................................... 2
University of Michigan.
.. .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . g
University of Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
University of Nebraska............ . .. .. ...... .. . ..... . .. ... ... 3
University of Notre Dame ......... . .... .. .. . . . . ........ .. . .... . 1
University of Washington .... ........ ... . ... .. . ........... . .. .
University of Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Valparaiso University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Wash burn College ...... . .... . ........ . . . . .. . . ..... . . . . ....... .
West Point Military Academy ....... . . . . ............. . ....... .
Wheaton College . .................... .. . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . . .
Williams College.. . ......... . ... ....... . ....... .. .. . . . . . .. . ... 2
Yale University... . ... . ... ... . . ............. . . . . ... . . ..... . . ... IO
Total number of college matriculates ... ... .. . ............. 182
Total number of colleges represented ... . . ....... . ... . ..... 6o
RECAPITULATION.
Third year students. . .
. ... . ... . . .... . ....
Second year students ........ . ....... . ........... . . . . . . ... . ....
First year students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graduate students. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Course in General Practice. . . . .
. . .. . . . . . . .
Tntal.

86
75

86

18

7

50

. ..... . . . . . . . . . . . 322

�--==-==-----~=~------ - - --~===~--~~~--:--)

,..- :=-:==....

XI.

THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW

The fourth volume of the Illinois Law Review begins with
the number for May, 1909. Subscriptions ($3.00 per year) should
be mailed to Business Manager, Illinois Law Review, Northwestern
University Building, Chicago, Ill.
This periodical is published monthly, except during the months
of July, August and September, by the Faculty, alumni, and students of the Law School. The aim of the publishers is to provide
a legal journal of interest and value to lawyers throughout the
United States. Each number contains leading articles of general
interest, book reviews, and a digest of the latest decisions of the
Illinois Appellate Court, made from the records.
The Board of Editors for 1909 is constituted as follows:
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF,
Roscoe Pound.
ASSOCIATE EDITORS.
Of the Faculty.
,Mitchell D. Follansbee. Albert M. Kales.
John H. Wigmore.
Charles G. Little.
Louis M. Greeley.
Henry Schofield.
Charles B. Elder.
Henry C. Hall.
Samuel Adams.
Charles C. Hyde.
Frederic B. Crossley.
Of the Alumni . .
Nathan William MacChesney, Chicago.
Clayton J. Barber, Springfield. A. A. Strickland, Benton.
D. H. Mudge, Edwardsville.
Of the Students.
Elmer M. Liessmann. Frank M. Beatty.
Oscar D. Stern.
Walter Arnold Amberg.

46

John L. Gust.
Walter B. Wolf.

�XII.

THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION

The Young Men's Christian Association of Chicago
has established a branch which carries on work in the
three Schools in the University Building. In addition to
its religious work, the Association is of service to the
students in many ways. In the pleasant rooms, placed at
its disposal by the University, the Association maintains
a very popular social center with a well-selected list of
reading material, several games and a piano. Throughout
the year the list of rooms and boarding places is kept for
the use of students in settling in the city.
All students are invited to make the Association rooms
their headquarters during the year. As far as possible
new students will be met at the train by an Association
man wearing a badge. Those desiring to be so met will
please write a few days in advance to Y. M. C. A., Northwestern University Building, Chicago, indicating clearly on
what train they are to reach Chicago, and over what road
they are to come.

47

��NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
The location of Northwestern University in
and near a large city, and its possession of property to the value of $9,000,000, afford advantages
that cannot be excelled.
THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, located at Evanston, in an ideal college community,
offers preparation for pursuits requiring broad
training.
THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, is one
of the oldest and largest. Seven hospitals are
open to students.
THE LAW SCHOOL, the oldest law school
in Chicago, offers unexcelled library facilities and
special courses. It prepares for practice in any
state.
THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, offers a scientific training in Pharmacy and
Chemistry.
THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, offers
expert training in theory and practice. Facilities
unsurpassed.
THE SCHOOL OF MUSIC affords preparation for music as an accomplishment and a profession.
THE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING offers
advanced courses in all branches of engineering.
New building completed in 1908.
THE SCHOOL OF COMMERCE, in Chicago, offers University evening courses in accounting, banking, and business.
The University maintains Academies at Evanston and Elgin, the Grand Prairie Seminary at
Onarga, and the School of Oratory at Evanston.
Address the President, 87 Lake Street, Chicago.
Evanston and Chicago.

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1909 May-July</text>
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                <text>NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEOB OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE  AND DEARBORN STREETS  CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITy . ( UNIVERSITY DIRECTORY ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS Sc. D.  LL. D.  President. Special University . Address  Degree Conferring Departments QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF NO.    SERIES VIII MAY JULY      . . Calendar   Sessions          .. . ................ . .. II. Revised List     Faculty       . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . III. Founding  Purpose   Location     Law School.. .. IV. Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. Curriculum           ............... . .... ........ . ... VI. Requirements   Admission   Graduation .. ........ VII. Tuition Fees  Scholarships  Prizes .. ...... .. .......... VIII.   Order     Coif ....... . ..... ...... . .. . ..... ... IX. Revised List   Alumni Officers        . . .... . . . . . . . . X. List   Students        ......... . .. .. ... ... . . . ...... XI.   Illinois Law Review .......... . ...... . . . . . . ....... XII. Young Men'  Christian Association .. ......... .. .... .. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered   Second                         Post Chicago  Illinois    Act             . . CALENDAR OF SESSION     Registration Day   New Students. Registration Day   Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day     Students. Lectures Begin.   Thanksgiving Recess.   Christmas Recess.  S            .  Lectures Begin. Last Kirk Prize. Intercollegiate Debate. Lectures Close. Founders' Day. Examinations Begin. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln'  Birthday. Washington'  Birthday. Kirk Prize Contest. Towle Prize Debate. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Fifty   Annual Commencement.  II. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR * ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS (Sc. D.  Bowdoin College  LL. D.  University    Maine) President     University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A. M.  LL. B.  Harvard University  LL. D.  University   Wisconsin) Professor   Law    Dean     Faculty. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE (A. M.  Yale University  LL. B.  Harvard University) Associate Professor   Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A. B.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Associate Professor   Law. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Secretary     Faculty       School    Librarian. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A. B.  Amherst College  LL. B.  Northwestern UniYeroity) Associate Professor   Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A. M.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. M.  Northwestern University) Professor   Law. GEORGE PURCELL COSTIGAN  JR. (A. M.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. EDWIN ROULETTE KEEDY' (A. B.  Franklin   Marshall College  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. ROSCOE POUND (A. M.  University   Nebraska  LL. M.  Northwestern University Ph. D.  University   Nebraska) Professor   Law. *With         President          Faculty  Law School.           President Law School  . University         Faculty . Resigned                           . •Appointed                       . 'Appointed                 .     .  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Pleading. LEVI HARPER FULLER (B. S.  Uppe   Iowa University  LL. B.  Iowa State University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procediffe     Legal Ethics. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Iiistructor     Law   Judgments   E   Lega Remedies. HENRY CLAY HALL (A. M.  Wabash College  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Instructor     Law   Inmrance. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM (A. B.  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Instructor   Forensics. HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN. (A. B.  LL. B.  Harvard University) lnstructo ·     Law   Crimes   Criminal Procedure. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer     L&lt;.    Patents. CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD (A. B.  University   Wisconsin) Lecturer     Law   Trademark   Cop • . CHARLES YOE FREEMAN (A. B.  Princeton University  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Corporation Practice. DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB (A. B.  Northwestern University  A. M.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Lecturer   Public Service Corporations. ALFRED WILLIAMS BAYS (A. B.  Knox College  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer     Law   Bankruptcy     General Practice. ALBERT KOCOUREK (LL. B.  Lake Forest University) Lecturer   Jurisprudence. ALBERT KEEP II (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer     Law   Sales. III. FOUNDING  PURPOSE AND LOCATION OF THE LAW SCHOOL Law School Thomas Hoyne Alleghany Mountains. Henry Booth           . School         Union College Law University   Chicago     Northwestern University Northwestern University . Students .   . Graduates     Law School States   Territories. Special  Illinois . . School       Northwestern University Building          Lake   Dearborn Streets Chicago.   . Chicago .   City State    Federal Courts  .   School .  Faculty  Faculty     Illinois Law Review. [ IV. THE LIBRARY . United States Reports Reports       States   Territories National Reporter System Lawyers' Reports Annotated          Illinois Reports              States Union . Of   English Statutes Reports           Year Books (            ). Law School Library Supreme Court     United States. These  Supreme Court . Library         Gary Collections Hon. Elbert H. Gary  '      New York City. These  A.   Gary Collection   Modern Continental Law European   United States.             Continental Law             . B.   Gary Collection   International Law  American  British   Continental Diplomacy West. C.   Gary Collection   Ancient  Oriental  Primitive Medicroal Law     Hindu  Mohammedan  Hebrew  Baby  THE LIBRARY. Ionian  Egyptian  Greek  Chinese    Japanese European  .  . · D.   Gary Collection   Roman   Civil Law Moritz Voigt Leipzig  Germany American  . E.   Gary Collection   Ecclesiastical Law  . F.   Gary Collection   JurisPrudence   Philosophy Law                    Ameri· English  German  French  Italian   Latin . G.   Gary Collection   Criminal Law   Criminology  . Thus . H.   Gary Collection   Latin American Laws Jaws   Mexico    Central American South American States Gary Collection   Modern Continental Law Supreme Court Jaw  . . Thus . .   Gary Collection   Ame"  Colonial Law ( )           Colonial Session (   ) . J.   Gary Collection   English Historical Legal Literature (   ) West. V. CURRICULUM FOR          . A. COURSES LEADING TO THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF LAWS.   .    (   Constitutional Law  Carriers Patents   Invention) Conveyancing Property III               Property II.   Faculty            . ·  First               '       . Second               ' . Third               ' .   Practice Court . FIRST YEAR. FIRST SEMESTER. Introduction     St &lt;    Lar (. } Private     Course A  Courses   Reading   Legal History  B      Jurisprudence . Written . ( Prescribed.) Legal vVriting   Forensics Course . Written                     . (Prescribed.) Mr. ENGSTROM. Contracts Three  . Williston'  Cases   Contracts. Professor PouNo.  CURRICULUM FOR          . Torts Three  . Ames'   Smith'  Cases   Torts. Professor WIGMORE. Property (!) One  . Gray'  Cases   Property  Vol. . (Personal Property.) Professor KALES. Crimes   Criminal Procedure Two  . Beale'  Cases Criminal Law      Readings. Mr. FRIEDMAN. Damages One  . Beale'  Cases   Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND SEMESTER. Cot   ( ) Three  . Professor POUND. Torts ( ) Two  . Professor WIGMORE. Property ( ) ( ) Three    Gray'  Cases   Property Vols.    II ( ). Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading   Procedure Three  . Ames' Cases   Pleading      .  Andrew'  Stephens   Pleading . Professor ADAMS. Master   Servant   Torts One  . Wambaugh'  Case Agency. Prote   WIGMORE. SECOND YEAR. FIRST SEMESTER. Legal Writing   Forensics Course II  Moot Court . Oral . (Prescribed.) Mr. ENGSTROM. Legal History   Biography Prescribed Courses B  BA    BB            . Written . Evidence Two  . Wigmore'  Cases   Evidence. Professor WIGMORE. Trusts Three  . Ames' Cases   Trusts. Professor POUND. Agency Two  . Wambaugh'  Cases   Agency. Professor LITTLE. Commercial Paper Three  . Ames' Cases   Bills Notes. Professor GREELEY. Equity Jurisdiction Three  . Ames' Cases   Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (!!) Two  . Gray'  Cases   Property  Vols. III  IV. (Acquisition . .) Professor KALES. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Equity Pleading   Procedure. Two  . Thompson' Cases   Equity Pleading       . Professor ADAMS. SECOND SEMESTER. Evidence ( ) Two  . Professor WrGMORE. Property (II) ( ) Two  . Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction ( ) Three  . Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi Contracts Three  . Woodruff'  Cases   Quasi Contracts. [Given     ()           .] Professor PouND. Sales   Personalt   Three  . Willis  '  Cases   Sales. Mr. KEEP. .   Fire   Life Two  . Wambaugh'  Cases Insurance. Mr. HALL. P   (Domestic Rclations) Two  . Smith'  Cases Persons. Professor KALES. Public Service Corporations Railroad  Telegraph  Gas  Water Warehouse      Services. One  . Beale' Wyman'  Cases   Public Service Corporations. Mr. BOBB. Legal Writing   Forensics (  ) Moot Court . Mr. ENGSTROM. THIRD YEAR. FIRST SEMESTER. General Jurisprudence   History   Law Private Courses C                         . Written . (Prescribed.) Corporations Two  . Smith'  Cases   Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice   Illinois Two  . Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law (/) Two  . (             .) Scott'  Cases   International Law         . Professor HYDE. International Law (//) American Treaties   Diplomacy . Two  . ( Omitted         IO) . Professor HYDE. Conflict   Laws Three  . Beale'  Cases   Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. CURRICULUM FOR          . Suretyship Two  . Ames' Cases   Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Judgments    Auxiliary Legal Remedies Attachments  Garnishments Execution   . One  . Rood'  Cases   Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. Constitutional Law Three  . Thayer'  Cases   Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (III) Two  . Gray'  Cases   Property  Vols. V  VI. (Conditional  .) Pnfessor KALES. Conveyancing One Lour. Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Code Pleading   Procedure Two  . Hinton'  Cases Code Pleading. Professor POUND. Analytical Jurisprudence One  . Mr. KOCOUREK. Practice Court Two               . Causes   . Professor FULLER. *Patents   Invention (/) General Survey. Five  . Professor LINTHICUM. ( ) Patent So.Jiciting. Twenty . (// ) Patent Law   Practice. Forty  . (Parts II   III ). SECOND SEMESTER. Corporations  ) Two  . Professor LITTi.E. Corporation Practice  One  . Practical . Mr. FREEMAN. Constitutional Law ( ) Two  . Professor SCHOFIELD. Conveyancing ( ) One  . Professor GREELEY. *These  .  . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Practice Court ( ) Two           . Professor FuLLER. Property (Ill) ( )  Two  . Professor KALES. Code Pleading   Procedure (  ) Two  . Professor POUND. Analytical Jurisprudence ( ) One  . Mr. KOCOUREK. Mortgages Two  . Kirchwey'  Cases   Mortgages. Professor GREELEY. Roman Law Two  . Pound'  Readings   Roman Law. Professor PouND. Carriers Three  . Beale'  Cases   Carriers. Professor GREELEY. Bankruptcy Two  . Williston'  Cases   Bankruptcy. Mr. BAYS. · Municipal Co ·  One  . Smith'  Cases   Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. Partnership Two  . Ames' Cases   Partnership. Extraordinary Legal Remedies Habeas Corpus   .) One  . Legal Remedies. Professor LrITLE. (Mandamus  Quo Warranto Roberts' Cases   Extraor M  . ELDER. Jurisdiction   Federal Courts One  . Professor SCHOFIELD. Practical Problems   Contemporary Legislation Study . One  . Professor WrGMORE. Original Research   Thesis Credit . B. GRADUATE (FOURTH AND FI 'TH YEAR) COURSES LEADING TO THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF LAWS AND JURIS DOCTOR. A. LECTURE COURSES. Any            . B. READING COURSES. ( . . Reading                     . CURRICULUM FOR          .  Faculty.) . History   Biography     Bench   Bar. One (To                   Course BA Optional Reading               .) . History     Engl   Legal System. One  . (To Course BB Optional Reading               .) . Histo      American Law. One  . A  United States.) . Analytical !Hrisprndence   Philosophy   Law. One . (To Course C        Prescribed Reading .) . Primitive Law. One  . (To Course C        Prescribed Reading .) . H     Roman Law. One  . (A Roman Law Roman Law            .) . History   Germanic Law. One  . (To Course C     Prescribed Reading               .) . Modern Continental Law   Eiirope. One  . (A European Continental  .) . Comparative Legislation. One  . (A  Europe   America.) . Comparative History   Legal Ideas. One  . (A  European     European.) . Legal Bibliography. One  . (  .) . Ecclesiastical Law. One  . (A European   American.) . Constitutional   Admiiiistrative Law   Continental Europe. One  . (A Continental Europe.) BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. r . Legal Ethics. One  . (A .) . Principles   American Law. One  . (A  United States.) r . Parliamentary Law. One  . (A  .) . Latin American Law. One  . (A Latin American  .) r . Criminal Law   C · . One  . (A .) . International Law. One  . (A  International Law              .) C. COURSES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. T     Copyrights. Six  . Mr. PrCKAR . General Review Five State Bar. Mr. BAYS. Legal Ethics Five  . Patents  Five  . Professor FOLLANSBEE. Professor LINTHICUM. D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN COURSES IN THE FOREGOING LIST. . COURSES OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY  BIOGRAPHY  AND JURISPRUDENCE. Co   A. (First Year.) Introduction   Legal History Study     Law. Materials      . ( ) Blackstone'  Commentaries (    )   Introductiol) Sections      Book     Chapters       S     Book III  Chapters S              r       Book    Chapters      r   Book III  Chapters Book IV Book II  Chapters           Book IV  Chapter   . ( ) Woodruff'   Introduction     Study   Law. ( ) Wambaugh'  Study   Cases  Part    . Course B. (Second Year    .) History     Bench Bar. Materials      Campbell'  Lives     Chancellors (   )  Vols. VIII X (Erskine   Brougham CURRICULUM FOR          . . )    Campbell'  Lives     Chief Justices  Vol. III .       (Mansfield)            Zane   Veeder Select Essays   Anglo American History  Vol.   ( Association   American Law Schools      ) . Course BA. (Second Year   .) History     Bench Bar. Materials ( ) Campbell'  Lives     Chancellors  Vols. VI  VII (Hardwicke   Loughborough   )     .  ( ) Campbell'  Lives     Chief Justices  Vol. IV (Kenyon Tenterden   )      . English    Arnould'  Life   Denman  Hardcastle' Life (Autobiography)   Campbell  O'Brien'  Life Russell  Atlay'  Victorian Chancellors ( ) Any         American    Life Letters   Joseph Story  Harvey'  Reminiscences    Lodge' Life   Daniel Webster  Brown'  Life    Neilson'  Memoirs Rufus Choate  Memoirs   Letters   James Kent  Memoirs Sargent S. Prentiss  Magruder'  Life   John Marshall  Caton' Bench   Bar   Illinois  Carson'  History     Federal Supreme Court              Lewis' Great American Lawyers. Course BB. (Second Year   .) History     English Legal System. Materials       ( ) Pollock   Mait• '  History     English Law  Vols.    II     Holdsworth' History   English Law  Vols.    II  III    ( ) Holmes'   Common Law  Stephen'  History Criminal Law    ( ) Select Essays   Anglo American Legal History  Vols.    II  III. Course C. (Third Year.)  . Jurisprudence. Materials ( ) Analytical Jurisprudence  Austin'  Jurisprudence  Holland'  Jurisprudence Salmond'  Jurisprudence  Terry'  Principles   Anglo American Law. ( ) Historical Jurisprudence  Maine'  Ancient Law  Fustel'  Ancient City  Lee'  Historical Jurisprudence. Analytical Jurisprudence Course C . International Law. Materials International Law . Roman Law. Materials  Any Gains' Institutes      Poste  Justinian'  Institutes Moyle  Pound'  Readings   Roman Law. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Roman Law Course C . History   Germanic Law. Materials  Any Heusler'  Institutionen       Rechts Brunner'  Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte  Brissaud'   Manuel  ' . Regulations ( )                  Grade C  Course A  Course B    Course C               . ( ) A  Courses BA   BB. A Course BA   Course BB   Course C Rule ( )  . ( ) An   Secretary'  Office . Students . A . A School               . A         standi Course A. ( ) A Course C Course         School  Courses      . ( ) No               Courses ( C                    Jurisprudence  International Law   Roman Law)               . Dean . ( )             Courses C Third Year. ( ) Students .     School CURRICULUM FOR          .  . II. COURSE IN PRACTICAL PROBLEMS IN CONTEMPORARY LEGISLATION.  B .     . A Bulletin Board     IS .   Secretary     IS  . Each •. . He   .  . A . . An  . Each   . III. TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.      .  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Pleadings     Instruments         Common Law Pleading  Code Pleading   Equity Pleading  .   Corporations      .            Commercial Paper Carriers  Insurance . . Conveyancing         Conveyancing   . A   ' States. Thorough  . No Property     II. . Trial Practice               Procedure Practice .         Evidence .     Practice Court  .   Court' . During .   . While    . A   . CURRICULUM FOR  go      .    . A         Rules Practice Court              . . Legal Tactics  Bar  .  Bar                            .  Quarterly Bulletin. . Thesis             Faculty . Any   Faculty      .  · . . . Editorial Work   . Each  Associate Editors     Illinois Law Review Appellate Court. . Legal Writing   Forensics   .  . Persons     BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Legal Writing   Forensies. Forensics  Lectures   Exercises Moot Court   Public Debate Practical Legal Advice. &lt;         First . ( ) J.  . Voice Training ·            . . Legal Argumentation   Briefs .  .      Argumentation Oral Forensics   Brief ..  .  ··  . ( ) II.  . M     Courts.           Moot Court .  . &lt;                 A   B .  .  . No (              )  School . . Public Debate. A Towle Prizes   Public Speaking  . No  School. ( ) III.  . Legal Advice Clubs. All Legal Advice Clubs  Secretary     School. Difficult  Clubs              . A CURRICULUM FOR rgo  r   . p    c t                    Professor  . . Office Work   Clients. After  Chicago Legal Aid Society  University Branch.  Secretary     School  C                    .  Superintendent     Society.  Society.   . VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND GRADUATION A. Admission. Persons  . Age. They                  . . Preliminary Examination. ( ) Graduates  . ( ) Graduates '  . ( ) Persons '   . ( ) All  College   Liberal Arts     University. University Annual Catalogue. ( ) Members     Junior   Senior College   Liberal Arts Law                 College Liberal Arts     School   Law '        School   Law. Each Faculties.  College   Liberal Arts         Law      . Advanced Standing. "Degrees." Special Students. Persons  . They                . They  ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.   . No  Dean. B. Graduation   Degrees. All University Commencement. On  Oxford . . BACHELOR OF LAWS. Bachelor   Laws Trustees     University Faculty     School. Such  Faculty  . Length   Attendance. Regular  . Students  . . Students            ' . . Students            '    Dean. . All '       . II. Course   Study.  . Candiddates  . . All    . . Persons              '  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.  . Persons                  '    Dean. Secretary . . Not  Secretary . . Faculty              (    · )  (  ) ( ) student  . . Four            . A     B     C     D   . A C                A  C School    . No           D   . No           B . III. PromM· .  . Any ( A. B.             College   Liberal Arts) r   B  \   ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.  . . Any    cret  . . .     A   C    . . School . .                 Dean Secretary Faculty.                 Faculty   . II. MASTER OF ARTS. Master'      Arts  Phil    Science Letters      &lt; A       College   Liberal Arts     University Bachelor' Arts  Philosophy  Science    Letters University Master' Bachelor   Laws                 Faculty Liberal Arts                Faculty  .   ( )          ( ) Bachelor   "Laws  ( ) Faculty     Law School. Students                  Master' College   Liberal Arts Law School  .   Master' Law School BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL.  . Faculty Liberal Arts                  tMaster' Constitutional Law  International Law  Roman Law  Jurisprudence Conflict   Laws  Legal History   Biography ( ). III. MASTER OF LAWS. Master   Laws ()  ( ) Must           Bachelor   Laws University  ( ) Must Law School  Bachelor'  ( ) Must  · Illinois Law Review. IV. JURIS DOCTOR. Juris Doctor   ( ) Must               A. B. Faculty   Liberal Arts     University  ' Faculty Latin  French   German ( ) Must           Bachelor   Laws University  ( ) Must               Fourth (Graduate)  Lecture Reading          Reading ADMISSION AND GRADUATION.    Faculty    . Candidates   . VII. TUITION FEES  SCHOLARSHIPS  PRIZES Tuition Fees. .  JI. A  . . Special . Patent Law        . .  School. .             General Review School . Scholarships   Students. Fifteen              . These . Applications Secretary     Law School. Pri. . .   Towle Prizes. A       $ $          Henry Sargent Towle  Esq.  Chairman Law School Committee     Board   Trustees  . r    rgo     Towle Prize   $        Ernest Palmer  M. A.    Lake Forest Towle Prize   $     Frank Beatty  A. B.    Thornburg Iowa               . '     . Towle        . .   Follansbee Prize. A     $          .Mitchell  PRIZES. Davis Follansbee  Esq. Legal Ethics. Follansbee Prize            o    Henry Fehrman Chicago. .   Hyde Prize.            Charles Cheney Hyde  Esq.                  $  International Law. Charles Cheney Hyde Prize              o . .   MacChesney Prizes. A  American   English            ( ) American   English (             ) Nathan William MacChesn    Esq.   Courses B  BA  BB    C Courses   Reading   Legal History  Legal Biography    Jurisprudence. !. Dean     School    Editor   Chief     J/  La  .V Review Illinois Law Review. MacChesney Prizes              o . .   Callaghan Prize. . go    Callaghan Prize    $ Messrs. Callaghan &amp; Co. Cecil Barnes  A. M.    Chicago. VIII. THE ORDER OF THE COIF Order     Coif           . Its  . Law School    .  Allan J . Carter John L. Gust Elmer M. LiessmamJ Theodore   Robert L. Cuttner Ernest W. Schroeter Frederick Ullmann  Jr. Schmidt. IX. REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION GENERAL OFFICERS. President  Alfred D. Eddy            Adams St.  Chicago. First Vice President  Sigmund Zeisler        First National Bank Bldg.  Chicago. Second Vice President  Redmond D. Stephens        Corn Exchange Bank Bldg.  Chicago. Third Vice President  Frederick Burnham        Assistant State'  Attorney  Chicago. Treasurer  Samuel E. Knecht        State Bank   Chicago Chicago. Secretary  Daniel P. Trude           Clark St.  Chicago. Alumni Association Branches     Association     State   Territory Alumni     School Illinois     Cook County. A Secretary . Branches  . Alfred D. Eddy  General Secretary     Association ( IIS Adams Street  Chicago) STATE BRANCHES. Vice President. Secretary. Alabama Arizona William H . H . Judson  ' Bessemer. Frederick S. Nave  ' Tucson. California (Northern) California (Southern) Colorado  Henry B. Wilkinson  ' Phrenix. Theodore W . Hubbard  'g Parrott Bldg. San Francisco. George P . Adams  ' Bullard Block Los Angeles. A. Lee Doud Ernest &amp; Cra   Bldg. Denver. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Georgia Idaho Indiana Ebenezer Wakely  ' Valdosta. Albert J. Green  ' ]\'[ . Indian Territory Iowa Kansas James E . Babb  ' Lewiston. Thaddeus M. Talcott  Jr.  ' South Bend. Harry Campbell Sapulpa   . T . Robt. L. Welch  ' Knoxville. T   H. Morrison  ' Fairmont Ave. Wichita. J. Clyde Nelson  ' Sharpsburg. Henry F. M'   ' Sault Ste. Marie. Kentucky Michigan \   Hon. Homer B. Dibell  '   A. B. Choate  ' Duluth.     Temple Court lVJissonri Minneapolis. Jacob A. Harzfeld  ' New York Life Bldg. Kansas City. Richard A. Harlow  ' Helena. Hon. William J. Bryan  ' Lincoln. Montana Nebraska New Eng. Hon. Sewell W . Abbott  '  .William F. Poole  Jr.  ' Wolfborough.     Franklin St. New Jersey New Mexico John H. Stingle Albuquerque. New York Hon. E. H. Gary  ' New York City. North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Vice President. Oklahoma George G. Barnes  ' Oklahoma City. Oregon Pennsylvania South Dakota Texas Utah Virginia Boston. Oliver L. Brown  ' Telephone Bldg. Newark. Andrew M. Adams  ' Albuquerque. William F. Myers  ' Amsterdam. James L. Curtis  ' Raleigh. Edward R. Sinkler  'g Grafton. Joseph D. Kerr  ' Hicksville. Secretary. Cl   H . Glos  ' Chamber   Commerce Portland. Forest G. Moorhead  ' Beaver. John F. Whitlock  ' Forest City. Edward W . Hander  ' Waco. Robert N. Freeman  ' Salt Lake City. Clare E. Crawford  ' Elmont. OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI A SSOCIATION. Washington Wisconsin Wyoming District   Columbia Hawaii Japan Howard N. Waterman Boston Block Seattle. J   K Fish  ' Old Insurance Bldll'. Milwaukee. Charles F. Mallin  ' Cheyenne. Phillip E. Winter  ' "A " South East Washington. Carl S. Smith  ' Hilo. Abo Shiosuke  ' Tokyo. Mexico Hon . \Vrn. A. McLaren A Tndependencia Mexico City  Mex. Switzerland J   S. Kennard Lausanne  Switzerland. BRANCHES IN J UDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. Jus. No. Dist. Secretary. . Aaron J. Gould . Hon. Wilbur M. \Varnock ' . Charles H. Holt  ' . F   C. Van Sellar  ' . Thomas N. Cofer  ' . John A. Barber  '  . . John D. Gray  ' . Conrad G. Gumbert  ' . Frank S. Fulton  ' . William L. McMahan  ' . Charles B. Campbell  ' r . Wellington H. Shay  ' . William J. Sweeney  ' . Solon W. Crowell  ' . William M. Mercer  ' . John E. Goembel  ' Bone Gap. Edwardsvill  . Salem. Paris. Charl  . Address. F  ' Nat'] Bank Bldg. Springfield. Havana. Macomb. Observatory Bldg.  Peoria. Lincoln. A   Bldg.  Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. Coulter Block  Aurora. E. State St.  Rockford . X. LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR THIRD YEAR. Amberg  Walter Arnold Anderson  Ernest Emil B. S. Northwestern University. Andrews  Hiram Wells Knox College. Arnold  Earl Casper A. B. Baker University. Bain  Lewis Arthur Lewis Institute. Basta  George Aldrich Beatty  Frank  M. A. B. Iowa Wesleyan University. Bednorz  Charles Associate   Science  University   Chicago. Bernstein  Aleck Louis Blake  Guy Minnich A. B. Northwestern University. Boose!  Joseph Brosnan  Patrick Joseph Butler  Leroy Dawson BL    Robert Otto Harvard University. Carter  Allan John A. B. University   Illinois. Christopher  David A. Church. Ralph Edwin A. B. University   Michigan. Cleary  James Mansfield A. B. University   Illinois. Cobb  Charles Lawrence A. B. Lake Forest University. Cokell  Arthur Harold Connor  Maurice James A. B. Harvard University. Crull  Norris Elliott University   Indiana. Davidson  John Lefler Dixon  Willard J Northwestern University. Epstein  Benjamin Fales  James Turner A. B. Haverford College. Floberg  Frederick Oscar Foreman  Herbert· Spencer B. S. University   Chicago.  Chicago. Donovan  Ill. Geneseo  Ill. Iola  Kan. Chicago. Chicago. Thornbwrg  Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chica. . Madison  Wis. Winnetka  Ill. Evanston  Ill. Millersburg  Ohio. Catlin  Ill. Chicago. Lake Forest  Ill. Chicago. Manchester  N. H. Elkhart  Ind. Springfield  Neb Kankakee  Ill. Chicago. Lake Forest  !II. Chicago. Whitehall  Ill. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Foster  Lucius Newton Gilbert  Samuel Harvey B. S. Northwestern University. Gross  Harvey B. S. Valparaiso University. Gust  John Lewis Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan University. Hansen  Harry Clyde Hawley  Melvin Moses B. S. Northwestern University. Hawxhurst  Ralph Reynaud Northwestern University. Hotchkiss  Miles Elias  Jr. University   Chicago. Howison  Hugh Alexander Armour Institute. Huttner  Robert Leon Northwestern University. Isaacs  Alfred Abraham Cornell College. Jahnke  John Henry B. S. Northwestern University. James  Leon Charles Jones  Lake State Normal School   Alabama. Kadow  Zefiryn Kendall  William Rufos Leonard  Morris G. Lewis  Henry Delaney Liessmann  Elmer Martin Llabres  Louis Northwestern University. McDonnell  Simon  Jr. Northwestern University. McFadon  Robert Dean Williams College. Macpherson  Donald Fraser A. B. Princeton University. Martin  Robert Cloughan Armour Institute   Technology. Marx  Jacob Hart University   Chicago. Mitchell  James Harry Marietta College. Myers  Abram Lincoln Neely  Robert Donald University   Nebraska. Peterson  Joseph Louis Philp  Leonard Hacker Prendergast  John Harvard University. Prendergast  Richard A. B. Yale University. Rabinoff  Samuel Randolph Riley  John William. B. S. Valparaiso University. Roberts  Ralph Roscoe Northwestern University. Marshfield  Wis. Potomac  Ill. Hidalgo  Ill. Mitchell  S. D. Geneva  Ill. Kingsville  Ohio. Evanston  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Gillespie  Ill. Eyota  Minn. Evanston  Ill. Evanston  Ill. Chicago. Watseka  Ill. Chicago. Brooklyn  Ill. Chicago. Arroyo  Porto Rico. Hancock  Mich. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Omaha  Neb. Chicago. Polo  Ill. Wheaton  Ill. Wheaton  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston  Ill.  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Root  Ralph Waldo Northwestern University. Schmidt  Theodore University   Indiana. Schooler  Nathaniel Lewis Institute. Schroeter  Ernest Ulrich Shaffer  James Alexander Lombard University. Skinner  Josef Taylor University   Chicago. Smith  Emory James Lewis Institute. Steere  Kenneth David A. B. Iowa State Universi  . Stewart  Benjamin Alter Thon  William Gustav Ullmann  Frederic  Jr. A. B. Princeton University. Underwood  Walter Scott A. B. University'   Wisconsin. Vasen  Maurice Eschner A. B. University   Jllinois. Wagner  Rolland Morris Waldo  Otis Harvey  Jr. A. B. Yale University. Weichbrodt  Rudolph Charles Lewis Institute. Wescott  James Barney Northwestern University. Whitehead  John Taylor University   Michigan. Williams  Walter John A. B. Lincoln Institute. Wilson  Oscar Sylvanus Wilson  Leon Theodore Northwestern University. vVittmeyer  Gustave  Jr. Northwestern University. Zimmerer  Edwin Chester Arthur A. B. University   Nebraska. SECOND YEAR. Ackerman  Benjamin P . Adams  Thomas Edward Northwestern University. Allaben  Max Fenimore A. B. Amherst Co!   . Allen  Charles Thomas Amberg  Edmund Marshall Anderson  Leonard Earl Baker  Hart Edward Ph. B. University   Chicago. Bamberger  Eugene Julius Beck  Alphons A. Beers  Roscoe Wen Berg  William Gordon Northwestern Unive  . Gal'     Ill. Indianapolis  Ind. Chicago. Chicago. Williamsfield  Ill. Princeton  Ill. Chicago. Iowa Falls  Iowa. Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Oak Park  Ill. Quincy  Ill. Liberty  Ill. Chicago. Chicago Lacon  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Peru  Ind. Chicago. Nebraska City  Neb. Chicago. Marshalltown  Iowa. Polo  Ill. Cary  Ill. Chicago. Anamosa  Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. St. JosePh  Mich. Chicago. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Bird  Joseph Vincent University   Washington. Block  Samuel Frederic A. B. Umvcrsity   Michi!!' . Briggs  Warren Edward Caulfield  Jay St. Ignatius College. Cavanagh  Richard Parkinson Corbitt  Kenneth Flint Davies  Frederick Lewis Engel  Albert Joseph Feldman  William Hall  Wilford Raymond Heineman  Edward Theodore Husband  Adolph Osborne Jenkins. Claude Carl  ' Lewis Jnstitute. Johnson  Harry McClure A. B. Princeton University. Kay  Wilfred Stearns Northwes     Un  . King  John Crane  Jr.  · Fordham College. Kiningham  Robert Baird Northwestern University. Krause  Herbert Charles Kuhn  Jacob Paul Wheat   Colle!!' . Lally  John Hugh Boston University. Landee  Frank Julian A. B.    College. Levin  Samuel University   Illinois. Lockart  Mont Griffith S . B. Valparaiso University. Loucks  Vernon Reece A . B. Northwestern University. Lutkin  Harris Carman A. B. Northwestern University. iM cKenna  John Falls Martin  Charles Chester University   Chicago. Marx     Jr. Lewis Institute. Middleton  Samuel Dale Lewis Institute. Morheiser  William Matthew Murray  Sidney Charles Ph. B. Yale University. Myers  John Ward Ogden  Dayton Palmer  Ernest M. A. Lake Forest University. Patterson  Perry Smith University   Chicago. Payne  Ben University   Illinois. Snohomish  Wash. Platteville  Wis. Chicago Chicago Kenosha  Wis. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. McLeansboro  Ill. Chicago. Neoga  Ill. Chicago. Peoria  Ill. Watseka  Ill. Chicago. Danville  Ill. Milwaukee  Wis. West Chicago  Ill. Evanston  Ill. Moline  Ill. Danville  Ill. Vandalia  Ill. Chicago. Evanston  Ill. Platteville  Wis. Oak Park  Ill. Chicago. Oak Park  Ill. Chicago. Davenport  Iowa. Chicago. Tisllilwa  Ill. Lake Forest  Ill. Chicago. Rock Island  Ill.  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Phillips  Stanley Albin Phillips  George Elmendorf Rein  Theodore Edwards University   Chicago. Riley  Thomas Henry Robinson  Earl Jay University   Wisconsin. Satterlee  Roscoe Earl Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan Univeroit  . Schmidt  .Frederick Conrad Gottlieb Simon  Ben Six  Rollo Northwestern University. Spaulding  Edward Leslie Stanley  Edgar Verne Stern  Oscar David University   Chicago. Stretton  Frank Peter Treadwell  Charles Alonzo Tuthill  Richard Stanley  Jr. A. B. Williams College. Van Dellen  Elzo Lubbert A. M. University   Denver. Varga  Hugo E. University   Budapest  Hungary. Wakefield  Nathan Ruthvan A. B. University   Illinois. Ward  Alfred James Wendland  Charles John Northwestern University. Wheeler  Robert Campbell A. B. Yale University. Whitson  Thomas Merrick A. B. Northwestern University. Wilkinson  Earl Brown Lewis Institute. Wolf  Walter Bertram A. B. Yale University. Wynne  Lloyd Yantis  Aubrey Leon University   Colorado. Yott  Frank D. Zeiss  Carl Henry B. L. Princeton University. Baker  James C. Northwestern University. Bates  Alben Frederick Lake Forest University. FIRST YEAR. Brickwood  Blaine Jackson Associate   Arts  Lewis Institute. Burns  Bartholomew Joseph De La Salle Institute. Chayes  Harold Irving Clarke  Michael James Cody  Hiram Sedgwick A. B. University   Michigan. Chicago. Highland Park  Ill. Chicago. East Chicago  Ind. Fort Dodge  Iowa. Mitchell  S. D. Aurora  Ill. Chicago. Perry  Ill. McGregor  Iowa. Prescott  Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Elgin  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Shelbyville  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Garrett  Ind. Elmhurst  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Clinton  Iowa. Chicago. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Cooper  Fred Allen A . B. Dartmouth College. Cummings  William L. Daniels E   Martin Darling  Charles William Dempsey  Charles Andrew Dill  Erritt Beveridge Tri State Normal College. Donnelly  John Carroll Evans  Donald Winslow Northwestern University. Fish  Cameron West Point Military Academy. Fisher  Edward Albert Frank  Sydney Joseph A. B. Yale University. Glos  Albert Henry .  Institute. Hansen  James Berger Lewis Institute. . Helander  William Eugene Herman   Maxwell Hilsabeck  Hugh Rudolph Hoffman  Harold Hoffman  Richard Yates Chicago. Clinton  Iowa. Batavia  Ill. Grand Rapids  Mich. West Chicago  Ill. Logansport  Ind. Chicago. Peoria  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Elmhurst  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Windsor Chicago. Chicago. Ill. B. S. Hobart College. Sage Gradunte Schoo!   Philosophy  Cornell University. Hoy  Alfred C. Hull  Isaac Harvey Northwestern University. Iehl  Edwin Albert University   Illinois. Jacobs  Lewis Balthaser Lake Forest Universit  . Kosmerl  Francis S. Gregorian University  Rcme   ] . Kraus  Samuel Love  Stephen Loy  Charles Edward McAuley  Arthur Joseph McKinstry  Irwin Roy McWilliams  Charles Milton Mallek  Leo S. Markham  Frank Henry St. John'  Military Academy. Marshall  Ivey Occidental College. Meyer  Rudolph M. D. Bennett Medical College. Miller  Franklin Albert Miller  Roy Irving Northwestern University. Milroy  Robert Arthur Mirus  James Oscar Moore  Paul A. B. Yale  . Muehlenbrink  Otto William Naperville  Ill. Saunemin  Ill. Melvin  Ill. Canton  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Snohomish  Wash. Chicago. Beaver Dam  Wis. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Phamix  Ariz. Chicago. Chicago. Rockford  Ill. Batavia  Ill. Chicago. New York  N. Y. College Point  N. Y.  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Navigate  Frank Paul Anthony O'Brien  William John O'Donohue  Sylvester Aloysius A. B. St. Mary'  College. Parish  Cheaney Land Peifer  Edwin Tice University   Michigan. Perrill  Rodney Nieukirk University   Michigan. Pio  James Percival Lewis Institute. Planer  Max Poor  Henry Ives Ramacciotti  Frank Anthony Reinke  Ju' Resnick  Irving Joseph University   Chicago. Roberts  Edward Brown Northwestern Univen  . Selz  Henry George Schaeffer  Morris Schupp  Robert William Schwarer  Frank Benjamin Scully  Alexander Clifford Ph. B. Yale University. Shafer  Chester Arthur Northwestern  . Shannon  Frederick Edward A. B. Lake Forest University. Smith  George Dresser Ph. B. Yale University. Smith  Lawrence Mills Springer  Paul Stenge  Bernhard Storm  Clifford B. Stuart  Allison Ellsworth A. B. Princeton University. Stubbs  Donald Patterson B. S. Nevada State University. Tascher  John Ralph A. B. New Mexico State University. Tuttle  Oral Percival V    Paul Lansing A. B. Yale University. Waldron  Carl Illinois State Normal. Walker  Joel Phillips Bethel College. \ /   Charles Hamilton N   University. Watson  Lewis Martin Northwestern University. Wermuth  William Charles  Jr. Northwestern University. Whipple  Merrick Ames Williams  Henry Dwight University   Nebraska. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Harrisburg  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Marinette  Wis. Chicago. Coshocton  Ohio. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Highland Par!?  Ill. Diagonal  Iowa. New Philadelphia  Ill. Chicago. Pana  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Lockport  Ill. Lafayette  Ind. Chicago. Chicago. Harrisburg  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Horn Lake  Miss. Monon  Ind. Monon  Ind. Chicago. Chicago. Raymond  Neb. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Wilson  George Lambert B. A. S. Harvard University Wolf  Alexander Wood  George Ernest A. B. Amherst College. GRADUATE. Alsager  C. Martin A. B. Lombard University. LL. B. Northwestern University. Arthur  William Reed A. B. Washburn College. LL. B. Northwestern University. MacChesney  Nathan William A. B.  LL. B. University   Michigan. Milkewitch  Isaac LL. B. John Marshall Law School. Olson  Olaf Adolph LL. B. Northwestern University. Perlman  Israel Burr M. L. John Marshall Law School. Reardon  Neal Daniel A. B. University   Illinois. LL. B. Ncrthwestern University. SPECIAL. Blake  Tiffany LL. B. Northwestern University. Bray  Artise Arnold Collier  George Carl A. B. University   Cincinnati. Cooper  Frank Leslie Northwestern University. Finder  Harry James Lewis Institute. Fischer     R. Ph. P.  University   Chicago. Harwood  Francis Laird A. B. Northwestern University. Larned  Edwin Channing A. B. Harvard University. Long  William Henry B. S. Northwestern University. MacDonald  Torrance Hugh S. B. University   Chicago. Parkinson  Stirling Bruce University   Chicago. Prohaska  Otokar L. B. S. Northwestern University. Ryberg  Charles Elliott A. B. Carleton College. Shelburne  Archie Priest University   Missouri. Sinnett  Thomas P. University   Illinois. Taylor  Paul Moore Northwestern University. Van Schaick  Guy B. L. University   California. Verde  Vincenzo Chicago. CJJ. . Ellington  Conn. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago.  Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Cincinnati  Ohio. Washington  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston  Ill. Lake Forest  Ill. Chicago. Bltte Island  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Nome  Alaska. Chicago. Crescent C    Ill. H mti     Ind. Chicago. Chicago.  BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. COURSE IN GENERAL PRACTICE. Anderson  Arthur Alexander LL. B. Northwestern University. Barry  Francis Leo LL. B. Northwestern University. Bartlett  Robert Duncan LL. B. University   Michigan. Cox  Walter James LL. B. Northwestern University. Deuel  Walter Rogers Princeton University. DeLaney  Harry LL. B. University   Michigan. Didier  Gustave Philip St. Gregory'  College. LL. B. Northwestern University. Downey  John Joseph LL. B. Northwestern University. Duppler  Bertha Elizabeth LL. B. Chicago Kent College   Law. Exter  Edward J. Felgar  Harry Hardy Carthage College. LL. B. Northwestern University. Freundlich  Alexander LL. B. Northwestern University. Garnett  Cyrus Ph. B. University   Chicago. Grimm  Otto Frederick University   Michigan. Hart  George B. Northwestern University. Hogan  Robert Emmet LL. B. Northwestern University. Hurwitz  Louis J. LL. B. Chicago Law School. Huszagh  Harold D. Jacobson  Lewis Friedman LL. B. Northwestern University. Jarecki  Edmund Kasper LL. B. Northwestern University. Johnson  Clyde Philip B. S. Carthage College. LL. B. Northwestern University. Karr  Richard Freeman LL. B. Northwestern University. Krusemark  Albert LL. B. Northwestern University. Lorenz  James Nicholas A. B. Cornell University. LL. B. Northwestern University. Larkin  Bernard John LL. B. Northwestern University. Lowe  Sylvester Tucker LL. B. Northwestern University. McCracken  Francis Joseph University   Chicago. LL. B. Northwestern University. Mack  Conie W. S. B. Nebraska Normal College. LL. B. Chicago Kent College   Law. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Huntingburg  Ind. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Alpena  Mich. Ch£ . Ch£ . Chicago. Chicago. Chicagu. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Ward  Idaho. Chicago. Chicago. }' NAMES OF STUDENTS. Morris  Eugene P. LL. B. Northwestern University. Manning  Horace Milton LL. B. Northwestern University. Martin  Isaac Crouse Mogg  Clayton Wiley University   Chicago. Chicago Kent College   Law. Neils  John Walsh Chicago Kent College   Law. Nelson  William T. Oleson  George Arthur Lewis Institute. LL. B. University   Chicago. Rogers  John Harold Notre Dame University. LL. B. Northwestern University. Schmaus  Edward Thomas LL. B. Northwestern University. Simmons  Forrest Dale LL. B. Northwestern University. Spengler  Walter J. University   Notre Dame. LL. B. Northwestern University. Stafford  James Henry LL. B. Northwestern University. Scott  Walter A. M. Ohio Wesleyan University. LL. B. Northwestern University. Staub  Casper  Jr. Taylor  Orville James  Jr. LL. B. Northwestern University. Tyrrell  Joseph Thomas A. B. St. Ignatius College. Wah!  Orlin Ingersoll LL. B. Northwestern University. Wieboldt  Werner LL. B. Northwestern University. Weichbrodt  Rudolph Charles Lewis Institute. Weese  Harry Ernest S. B. Northwestern University. Winterbotham  Joseph E. A. B. Illinois College. Zelensky  Mitchell Abraham LL. B. Northwestern University. Watseka  Ill. Chicago. Huntingdon Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Alexis  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston  Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Merritt  Ill. Chicago.  Pa. . THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW Illinois Law Review . Subscriptions Business Manager  Illinois Law Review  Northwestern University Building  Chicago  Ill.  Faculty Law School.  United States. Each  Illinois Appellate Court         . Board   Editors EDITOR IN CHIEF Roscoe Pound. ASSOCIATE EDITORS. John H. Wigmore. Henry Schofield. Samuel Adams. Frederic B. Crossley. Of   Faculty. Mitchell D. Follansbee. Louis M. Greeley. Henry C. Hall. Of   Alumni . . Albert M. Kales. Charles G. Little. Charles B. Elder. Charles C. Hyde. Nathan William MacChesney  Chicago. Clayton J. Barber  Springfield. A. A. Strickland  Benton. D. H. Mudge  Edwardsville. Of   Students. Elmer M. Liessmann. Frank M. Beatty. Oscar D. Stern. Walter Arnold Amberg.  John L. Gust. Walter B. Wolf. XII. THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION Young Men'  Christian Association   Chicago  Schools     University Building. Association . University    Association  . Throughout  . All             Association . Association . Those Y. M. C. A.  Northwestern University Building </text>
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SERIES I

NUMBER

2

NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSIT ·Y
EVANSTON-CHICAGO

BULLETIN
OF TH E

SCHOOL OF LAW
(UNION COLLEGE OF LAW)
FOUNDED 1859

OFFICE OF PUBLICATION
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING
LAKE AND DEARBORN S TREETS, CHICAGO

MEMBER OF ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY

NORTHWESTERN
AUGUST,

UNIVERSITY

1902.

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
EVANSTON-CHICAGO

Edmund J. James, A.M ., Ph.D ., President
Northwestern University consists of eight departments or schools. Four of
these (Law, Medicine, D entistry, and Pharmacy) are located in or near the center
of the city of Chicago. The other four (College of Liberal Arts. Theology, Music,
and the Academy, are situated in Evanston, the most beautiful suburb of Chicago,
immediat ely adjoining the city on the north.
The Coll ege Campus is located directly on the shore of Lake Michigan about
three miles north of the city limits.
For general information relating to th e University as a whole, general catalogues, etc., address University Hall, Northwestern Univei'Sity, Evanston,
Illinois.

I.
THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS
COLLEGE CAMPUS , EVANSTON

Offers a four years' course leading to Bachelor's degree in Languages and Literature (English, French, German, Italian, panish, Latin, Greek, Heb rew); Mathematics (college and advanced); Science (Astronomy, Botany , Zoology, Chemistry,
Physics, Mineralogy, Geology); History (ancient, medireval, and modern); Philosophy, Psychology, Pedagogy, Economics and Politics, and Sociology, and other
subjects appropriate to a modern college.
Numerous graduate courses are also offered leading to the degree of A.M., and
in a few subjects to that of Ph.D.
Special advantages are offered to the graduates of this college in the professional schools of the University.
For further information, address College of Liberal Arts , Evanston, Illinois .

II.

MEDICAL SCHOOL
CHICAGO

Offers a four years' course leading to th e degree of Doctor of Medicine. The hospital and clin ical facilities are especially good. This school was the first in the
United States t o take three important steps in Medical education: the enforcement
of the s tandard of preliminary education, adoption of longer annual courses, and the
graded cu rriculum.
lt ranks fourth in attendance among University Medical Schools in the United
States.
·

For further information, address Northwestern University Medical School ,
2421 D earborn Street , Chicago.

III.
LAW SCHOOL
CHICAGO

Offers a three years' course in Law leading to the degree of Bachelor of Laws .
Special facilities are provided for a thorough preparation in the practical as well as
theoretical aspects of th e Law. The lib rary is adequate to all the ordinary needs of
the student, including over ten thousand volumes, while th e proximity of the
Chicago Law Institute Library provides an additional collection of nearly forty
thousand which tbe studen ts are at liberty to use . The st udents come from all parts
of the country, and the courses are arranged with a view to givi ng them that knowledge of Law which will be indispensa ble to them wherever the y may practice.
For further information, address Northwestern University Law School ,
Northweste rn University Building, Corner of Lake and D earborn Streets ,
Chicago.

IV.
SCHOOL OF PHARMACY
CHICAGO

Offers courses leading to the degree of Graduate in Pharmacy and that of Pharmaceutical Chemist. The course includes instru ct ion in general Chemistry, Chemical
Analysis, Pharmacy, Botany , Microscopy , Pharmacognosy, Dispensing, and Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, including Drug Assaying,_ Bacteriology'pand
Sanitary Analysis. It ranks first m attendance among Urnvers1ty Schools of harmacy in this country.

For further information , address Northwestern University School of Pharmacy, Northwestern University Building , Corner ofl,,ake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago.

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERS ITY LAW SCHOOL-STREET VIEW.

�I -

-

-- - -

�QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE
SCHOOL OF LAW.
CONTENTS OF No. 2-AUGUST, 1902.

PAGE

l.

REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR 1902-1903 - ------

2

II.

REVISED COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FOR 1902-1903_ ----

4

Ill.

NEW COURSE IN PATENT LAW---------------- - -------

12

IV.

NEW COURSE IN LEGAL TACTICS------------------ - --

15

V.

BIOGRAPH1CAL SKETCHES OF RECENT APPOINTEES TO
THE FACULTY------ - -------- --- -- - ------------ -- --

. VI.

BIOGRAPHICAL

SKETCH

OF

PRESIDENT

JAMES

18

AND

REAPPOINTED MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY - ------

Entered at the postofllce at ETanston, Ill., as second-class matter. ·

20

�I.

REVISED

LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR
1902-3*

EDMUND JANES JAMES, Ph.D., LL.D.
President of the University.
JOHN HENRY WIGMORE,

(A .M. , LL.B. ; Harvard University)

Professor of Law and Dean of the Faculty.

HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD,
(LL.D., Northwestern University)

Emeritus Professor of Law.

NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS,

(A.M., Amherst College; LL.D ., Northwestern University)

Professor -in the Law of Procedure and Practice.

CHARLES CHENEY HYDE,

(A .M., Yale University; LL.B .• Harvard University)

Assistant-Professor of Law.

ALBERT MARTIN KALES,

(A .B., LL.B., Harvard University)

Assistant Professor of Law.

SAMUEL ADAMS,

(A.B., Harvard University; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice.

JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE,

(A .B., Harvard University; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Assistant Professor in the Law of Crt'mes and Criminal Pro
cedure.
CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE,
(A.B., Amherst College; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Assistant Professor of Law .
. HENRY SCHOFIELD,

(A .M., LL.B., Harvard University)

Professor of Law.
LOUIS MAY GREELEY,
(A.B ., Harvard University)

Professor t'n the Law of Conveyancing.
WILLIAM MEADE FLETCHER,
(LL.B., University of Virginia)

Professor t'n the Law of Equity Pleading and Practz'ce.
*Arranged, with the exception of President and Deaµ, within each group, in
·the order of seniority of appoin~ment.
·
2

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

3

LEVI HARPER FULLER,

(B.S., Upper Iowa University : LL.B., Iowa State University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practz'ce.

FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD,

( A.M., Dickinson College; LL.M . , Cornell University)

Professor of Law.

CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM,
(LL.B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patents.

WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH,
(LL.B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patent Practice.

OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT,
(LL.B., Northwestern University)

Assodate Professor in the Law of Patents.

LESTER LE GRAND. BOND,
Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright.
HON. PETER STENGER GROSSCUP,

(A.M., Wittenberg College; LL.B., Boston University; LL.D .. Knox and
Wittenberg Colleges; Judge of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals)

Lecturer on International Law.

LOUIS LEE DENT,

(A.B., Harvard University; Missouri University)

Lecturer on Mortgages and on General Practice.

ROBERT CLOWRY CHAPMAN,
(LL.B., University of Michigan)

Lecturer on Telephone and Telegraph Compant'es.

CHARLES BYRD ELDER,

(LL.B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Extraordinary Legal Remedies.

MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE,

(A.B., Harvard University; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Legal Ethics.

HENRY CLAY HALL,

(B.S., Wabash College; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Insurance.

FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY,
(LL.B., Northwestern University)

Secretary ofthe Law School.

�II.

REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION FOR
1902-1903.

In addition to the courses of instruction enumerated in the May
number of the QUARTERLY BULLETIN, eight other courses have since
been provided for the year 1902- 1903, namely, in Mortgages, Code
Pleading, Municipal Corporations, Damages, Insurance, Admiralty,
Judgments and Auxiliary Legal Remedies, and Patents of Invention.
The course on Patents is more fully described on page 12 of this
number of the BULLETIN. Besides the creation of these new courses,
the curriculum for 1902-1903 has been strengthened by the expansion
of certain existing courses; in particular, Property (increased from
eight to twelve term hours), Conflict of Laws (increased from two to
four term hours), Constitutional Law (increased from three to four
term hours), Persons (increased from one to two term hours), and
Suretyship (increased from one to two term hours).
The revised curriculum for 1902-1903 will therefore stand as
follows:
FIRST YEAR.
FIRST TERM.
Contracts-Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on Contracts
Profe!sor w OODW ARD.
Torts-Two hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts.
Profe!iisor W IGMORE.
Property (1)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. I, II.
Professor KALES.
Common Law Pleading· and Procedure- One hour a week.
Ames' Cases on Pleading.
Professor ADAMS.
Crimes and Criminal Procedure-Two hours a week. Beale's
Professor LEE.
Cases on Criminal Law.
SECOND TERM.
Contracts (continued)-Three hours a week.
Professor w OODW ARD.
Torts (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor WrGMORE.
Property (I) (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor KALES,
4

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

5

Common Law Pleading and Procedure (continued)-Two hours
a week. Lectures and practical exercises.
Professor ADAMS.
Master and Servant in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Agency.
Professor WIGMORE.
SECOND YEAR.
FIRST TERM.

Evidence-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Evidence, 2d
Professor WIGMORE.
edition.
Trusts-Three hou rs a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts.
Professor w OODW ARD.
Agency-Two hours a week. Wamhaugh's Cases on Agency.
Professor LITTLE.
Commercial Paper- Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Bills
and Notes.
Professor HYDE.
Equity (I)-Torts. Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on
Equity, Vol. I.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Property ( II)-Two hours a week . . Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. III, IV.
Professor KALES.
Equity Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week. Lectures
and practical exercises.
Professor FLETCHER.
Persons (Domestic Relations)-Two hours a week. Smith's
Cases on Persons.
Professor KALES.
Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto,
Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour a week.
Mr. ELDER.
SECOND TERM.

Evidence (continued )-Three hours a week.
Professor WIGMORE.
Property (II) (continued)-Two hours a week.
· Professor KALES.
Equity (II)-Specific Performance, etc. Three hours a week.
Keener's Cases on Equity, Vol. II.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
(Omitted in 1902-1903 and alternate years.)
Equity (III '- Sundry Topics. Three hours a week. Keener's
Cases on Equity, Vol. III.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
(Given in 1902-1903 and alternate years.)
Bankruptcy-Two hours a week. Williston's Cases on Bank- ·
ruptcy.
Professor WOODWARD.

�6

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Quasi-Contracts -Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on
Quasi-Contracts.
Professor WOODWARD.
(Given in 1902-1903 and a lternate years.)
Sales of Personalty- Three hours a week. Williston's Cases on
Sales.
Professor WOODWARD.
(Omitted in 1902-1903 and alternate years.)
Carriers-Three hours a week. McClain's Cases on Carriers;
Beale's Cases on Carriers.
Professor HYDE.
(Given in 1902-1903 and alternate years.)
Admiralty and Marine Insurance- Three hours a week.
Professor HYDE.
(Omitted in 1902-1903 and alternate years.)
Damages-One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Telegraph and Telephone Companies-One hour a week.
Mr. CHAPMAN.
Judgments, and Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachment, Garnishment, Execution, etc.)-One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments.
Mr. ELDER.
Insurance (Fire and Life)-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Insurance.
Mr. HALL.
THIRD YEAR.
FIRST TERM,

Corporations- Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Corporations.
Professor LITTLE.
Procedure and Practice in Illinois-Two hours a week.
Professor SEARS.
International Law (I)-Two hours a week. Snow's Cases on
International Law, 2d edition.
Professor HYDE ..
Suretyship-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Suretyship.
Professor LITTLE.
Constitutional Law-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Constitutional Law.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Jurisd£ct£on of Federal Courts-One hour a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD,
Property (III)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vol. V.
Professor KALES,
(* Omitted in 1902-1903.)
* The course was given in

1901-1902

to the then second-year class.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

7

Conveyancing-One hour a week. Drafting exercises, study
of selected abstracts, and lectures on practice.
Professor GREELEY.
Conflict of Laws-Two hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict
of Laws.
Professor HYDE.
Mortgat:es-Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages.
Mr. DENT.
Code Pleading and Procedure-One hour a week. Hepburn's
Cases on Code Pleading.
Professor WOODWARD.
Practice Court-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes
prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students
as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as judge.
.
Professor FULLER.
*Patents of Invention (I)-General survey. Five lectures.
Professor LINTHICUM.
(I/)-Patent Soliciting.
Twenty lectures, with practical
Professor DYRENFORTH.
exercises.
(II/)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures.
Professor BARNETT.
SECOND TERM.

Corporations (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor LITTLE.
Procedure and Practice in Illinois (continued)- Two hours a
week.
Professor SEARS.
Constitutional Law ( continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Conveyancing (continued)-One hour a week.
Professor GREELEY.
Conflict of Laws (continued)-Two hom s a week.
Professor HYDE.
Practice Court (continued)-Two hours a week, at a single
session.
Professor FULLER.
Patents of Invention (continued).
Professor BARNETT.
Property (III)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Professor KALES.
Vol. VI.
International Law (II)-American Treaties and Diplomacy;
topics for research. Two hours a week.
Professor HYDE.
* These three form a single course; the first part is open to all students; the
second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years and to
special students, but cannot be taken separately. The number of lectures is equivalent to two hours a week through the year, and work in the course will therefore be
credited as four term hours.

�8

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Municipal Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on
Municipal Corporations.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Partnership-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Partnership.
Professor LITTLE.
The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and twelve, the equivalent of fifty-six hours
a week through the year; not counting courses given in alternate
years and omitted in 1902-1903, the total number of term hours is one
hundred and three, or fifty-one hours a week through the year.
The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three
year-groups, no first-year student may take courses in the second or
third year-groups without special permission; and no second-year
student may take courses in the third-year group (except Constitutional Law and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and
a third-year student taking the courses of Conveyancing and
Property III must already have taken the courses of Property I and II.
But any regular student may take any course offered in the group of
the year for which he is entered, or any course not already taken by
him in a preceding year.
COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE.

Trade Marks and Copyrights-Six lectures.
Mr. BOND.
General Re'l!iew- Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in
September and April, prior to the State examination for admission
to the bar.
Mr. DENT.
international Law and Polz"cy-One or more lectures.
Judge GROSSCUP.
Legal Eth£cs-Five lectures.
Mr. FOLLANSBEE.
SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING
AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.
In addition to the systematic instruction in the body of the law, as
represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to provide
adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and
discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing and
speaking, which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer.
The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows:
I. Pleadings-In the courses on Common Law Pleading and
Equity Pleading, in addition to the systematic course of study, the
student is given exercises .in the drafting of the various kinds of pleadings.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

9

2. Conveyancing-In the course on conveyancing the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title, some
thirty-five in all, representing the greatest variety of documents and
proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy of each abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the class and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form and substance
from the conveyancer's point of view. Thorough work in this course
ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of
his entering upon his profession. No one may take this course who
has not alrea dy taken the courses Property I and IL
3. Practice Court-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the
rules of law. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the
third-year students to become practically familiar with these rules by
the personal application of them in litigation managed by the student
himself. The Court's sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three cases are
tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in
various aspects; in the meantime, between the sessions, numbers of
causes are being prepared and advanced from stage to stage by the
student-attorneys in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched,
at the hearings, by the respective attorneys, all other members of the
class are required to attend and make notes and reports of the work
being done, so that each one obtains some benefit also from what is
done in his presence by others. A faithful observance of the work
of this course ought to give the graduate such an experience in using
his legal knowledge as will assist him . materially to start in his profession with greater readiness and practical facility. The systematic
pursuit of such work under. an experienced instructor obtains for the
student the same results as a period of desultory service in a law
office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and
accurate in quality. A copy of the printed Rules of the Practice
Court will be mailed to any one upon request.
4. Practical Work wi(h Clients-In 1902-1903 the School expects to resume, on a larger scale, its share of an undertaking in
which it made a temporary beginning a few years ago-the charitable
work of a Legal Aid Bureau. This Bureau will be conducted by an
experienced member of the Bar, having among his assistants a limited
number of qualified members of the third-year class. It will meet
every day, either at the School or elsewhere, and attend to the cases
of persons applying for aid. Its object is to protect from injury some
of the hundreds of persons who, in a great metropolis like Chicago,
are daily suffering wrong and oppression because they are too poor
to obtain good legal advice. It is essentially a charitable institution;

�IO

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

but the experience which it gives to those advanced students who
take part in it is of inestimable value as an introduction to the practical work of applying their knowledge and dealing with clients.
5. Legal Tactics- In 1902-1903, on every Monday evening until
April, an address will be given, by some well-known member of the
Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he has had special experience and in which the communication of personal experience is of
special value as a guide to others.
The programme of this useful course is more fully stated in this
number of the BULLETIN at p. 15.
6. Public Speaking. The function of a lawyer as the persuasive
adviser and leader of men needs for its development some training
in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings
and the like. Such a course of training will be offered in 1902-1903,
in the following three parts:
(a) Argument and Debate. An exercise of two hours once in
two weeks through the first term, in a class of two sections, meeting
alternately, will be conducted by Professor J. SCOTT CLARK, of the
College of Liberal Arts.
(b) Voice Training-. An exercise of two hours once a week
through the first term, in a class of two sections, meeting alternately,
will be conducted by one of the Faculty of the Cumnock School of
Oratory.
·
(c) Parliamentary Practice. An exercise of two hours, once in
two weeks through the first term, will be conducted by Professor
JOSEPH W. ROBERT, of the Robert School of Parliamentary Law.
This will be followed, it is expected, during the second term, by the
organization of a Municipal Council, in which the members may put
to use the training obtained in the foregoing three subjects.
This course in Public Speaking will be open to all students on
payment of the tuition fee, and may be taken a second or a third
time without further charge. The Towle prize, awarded for proficiency in public speaking, is open to those only who have taken this
course.
7. Thesis. It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original
research by students. Any member of the third-year class may therefore obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved by a
member of the Faculty before December 1st. The thesis must be
presented on or before May 15 of the year in which the student expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise,
and is to be kept permanently in the school; the work should be
begun not later than December. The Lee prize is awarded for the
best thesis.

�THE 'LAW SCHOOL.

II

8. Moot Courts and Briefs. For the purpose of training students in the independent investigation of legal questions and in the
preparations of briefs, Moot Courts are held weekly during the
greater part of the year, in which the professors preside as judges,
and the members of the class prepare briefs and make oral arguments upon difficult cases given out beforehand. Each member of
the second and third year classes has an opportunity to take part as
counsel in these exercises. Application must be made on or before
October 15. The student may take the work in Moot Court either
in his second or in his third year, or in both years, and will receive
credit for one term hour for work satisfactorily done therein.
TUITION FEES.
The tuition fee for regula r students is one hundred and five dollars a year, payable in three installments of thirty-five dollars each,
October r, January ro, and April r. A rebate of five dollars is allowed to students who pay the entire tuition in advance on October I.
Special students are charged at the rate of five dollars for each
hour of class-room work for a half year.
The fee for the course in Patent Law is twenty-five dollars.

�III.

NEW COURSES IN PATENT LAW.

The School announces for 1902-3 a course in Patent Laws, which
is intended to furnish as thorough and detailed training in that subject as could be desired by one about to follow the practice of Patent
Law as a specialty. Many schools provide, as our own has done this
year, a short cou rse consisting of a few lectures; but no other
school, as far as can be ascertained (with the exception of one other
school in Washington, D. C.), has yet attempted to furnish a course
lasting through the year a nd capable of fitting the student for immediate usefulness in the office of a patent la w practitioner. That such
a course is needed, there can be little doubt. Most young men who
destine themselves for that branch of the profession have hitherto
gone directly into a practitioner's office without seeking a lawschool training, partly because of the belief that the study of the
ordinary branches of the law is of no service to them, and partly
because no special training in patent law was offered in schools.
But it is to-day recognized by the best practitioners of the patent
law that the pursuit of their specialty, like that of any other, should
be founded on a thorough general training in the law, and that the
omission of it narrows one's capacity to make the best use of his
knowledge in his specialty. This advice they are now emphatically
giving. Accordingly, it only remains that the law school shall do its
part and provide that systematic training in the specialty of Patent
Law which the subject is unquestionably worthy of. The course here
offered is therefore intended to meet the needs of those students
who, having laid the foundation of two years' study of the fundamental subjects, are desirous in the third year of preparing directly
for taking up the special branch of Patent Law. For such students
the courses in Patent Law, Federal Jurisdiction, Corporations, Conflict of Laws, and Constitutional Law would form a well-arranged
group.
The course is also intended to meet the needs of those who,
having begun service in a patent practitioner's office, are feeling the
disadvantage .of lacking a system·a tic survey of their special subject
and would appreciate the usefulness of a thorough course taking up
the various topics in full detail, and including not only a study of
principles and of legal decisions, but also a systematic drill in the
12

t

l

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
practical work of patent soliciting and patent legislation. There are
probably several scores of such young men, scattered through the
patent practitioners' offices in Chicago, and their number is constantly increasing. It is desirable that something should be done on
their behalf, and on that of many now in other cities, who would
come where they believed that th ey could obtain systematic instruction
in their work. Chicago is becoming more and more a center for the
investment of capital in manufactures and therefore in patent rights;
and the volume of patent litigation carried on in this Federal Circuit is known to be growing relatively greater every year. It is fitting
that a thorough training in the subject of Patent Law should now
be furnished in this city. There will now be practitioners here
(and their number will doubtless increase) who would not admit to
their service a young _man who had not fitted himself, by the pursuit
of such a course, to take up with some fitness the work of their
offices.
With these two main purposes in view, the course ·has been
arranged in three parts, each to be in charge of a member of the
Patent bar peculiarly qualified for it. Brief biographical sketches
of the gentlemen appointed to this work have been printed on p.
19 in. this number of the BULLETIN. The arrangement of the course
is novel and has been fixed after careful consideration of the scope
and requirements of the subject. It is as follows:

1

l

Course I. Professor LINTHICUM. Five or six lectures. General
Survey of Patent Law, covering the following topics: Patentability,
constitutional and statutory provisions, the principle ·of Invention,
negative rules of definition, the patent system of the United States
and history of the statutes, claims for patents, joint applications,
interterences, the title to patent rights, warranty, assignment, coownership, cancellation, records, remedies, infringement, general
considerations affect_ing the practice of patent law.
Course II. Professor DYRENF0RTH. Twenty lectures and exercises. Patent soliciting, including introductory lecture, drafting of
claims from dictation, study of Commissioners' decisions, prosecution of claims and issuing of patents, drafting of claims from models
and drawings, drafting of assignments and other documents, foreign
patents, lectures and practical exercises in all matters connected
with the soliciting of patent rights.
Course III. Professor BARNETT. Forty lectures and exercises,
covering the following topics:
I. Creation of the Patent Rig ht. A. The Inventor' s Act: r. Art
or process; 2. Invention; joint and sole inventors; 3. Novelty; prior
knowledge or use; prior publication; prior application; definition

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.
of priority; identity of anticipating process or machine; 4. Utility;
5. Abandonment, actual and constructive. B. The Government's
Grant: r. Trade secrets at common law; 2. Scope of the statutory
monopoly as to persons and territory; 3. Duration of the patent;
4. Patent right as a property right; 5. Patent right as embodied in
the document of grant; application and specification; construction
of the grant; disclaimer; reissue; extension. II. ScojJeo.f the Patent
Rig lit, as Determining Infringement: 1. Arts and processes; 2. Machines and manufactures; principle of identity of operation; of
transposition of parts; of omission of ingredients; of substitution of
equivalents; of alteration of form; 3. Compositions of matter; 4. Designs. III. Trans.fer o.f the Patent Right: I. Assignment; who may
assign; mode of assignment; equitable assignment; warranties; 2.
Grant; 3. Execution or decree; 4. Bankruptcy; 5. Death; 6. Rights
of co-owners; 7. Licenses; scope; form; warranty; forfeiture; assignability; estoppel. IV. R emedies andProcedure: A_. Jurisdiction;
State and Federal Courts; Court of Claims; B. Parties; C. Actions
at law; form of action; declaration and plea; notice; defenses;
court and jury; judgment and appeal; D. Actions in equity; billplea; answer; demurrer; defenses; proofs; decree; accounting; in;
junction; appeal; certiorari; mandate; E. Interference proceedings
in courts and patent office. These topics will be studied with a collection of leading cases, and the appropriate documents will be
drafted and criticized.
The courses will be given at the following hours: Courses I.
and II., during the first six or seven weeks of October and November, five times a week, from Monday to Friday, at II:45-12:45:
Course III., during the remainder of the year to May, three times a
week, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 4:45-5 :45.
The course will thus be slightly more than the equivalent of four
term hours (or two hours a week for a year); and the fee for special
students taking this course only will be twenty-five dollars. For
regular members of the third year or second year classes, no extra
fee will be charged. A copy of the Patent Office Regulations will be
provided gratis for each member of the class. The Library of the
School contains the Patent Commissioners' Decisions, the Federal
Reports, and other necessary material for study.
It is hoped that this course will accomplish something toward
putting the systematic study of Patent Law upon that high level of a
scholarly pursuit which it deserves to occupy.

�IV.

NEW COURSE IN LEGAL TACTICS.

The course of addresses on Legal Tactics, announced in the
May number of this BULLETIN, promises to be of the greatest interest
and usefulness, not only to the advanced students in the School, but
also to the younger members of the Bar, whose attendance also is invited and expected; nor would the course be without value to many
older members whose experience has not happened to lead them frequently into some of the particular branches here to be discoursed of
by specialists. The following more detailed announcement has
already been sent to the members of the Bar who are to give the
addresses:
"1.-OBJECT OF THE COURSE.
"Every branch of litigation requires in the practitioner an element
of experience which is far over and above the actual knowledge of the
law, and is equally important for effective work. There are customs
and conditions which override or vary the law in its actual enforcement; there are statutory clauses which have become dead letters,
and there are also important provisions which are not generally
known; there are practices and expedients which are not based upon
anything in print; and there are tactics that are not to be discovered
by any amount of research. All these things become known by slow
and painful experience to the practitioners who have had frequent
opportunities to work in special branches of litigation, and they remain unknown to others whose practice leads them only occasionally,
in those directions. The fruits of these special lines of experience
ought not to perish with the individual; and the members of the legal
profession have never shown a selfish inclination to conceal their
knowledge from each other and to perpetuate the monopoly of their
individual experiences. The object of this course of addresses is to
make this body of unwritten experiences available for the rising generation at the bar, and in particular for the advanced students at this
School. Each address is supposed to represent the best attainable
wisdom upon the chief points of practice and tactics in some special
branch of litigation, and to epitomize the net result of long experience
therein.
"2.-PLAN OF THE COURSE.
"The address is not supposed primarily to expound the letter of
the law, but to comment on the tactics and practice which experience

15

�16

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

shows are worth adopting in applying the law. A knowledge of law
on the subject is assumed. Nevertheless, to facilitate a more intelligent appreciation of the address, each lecturer is requested to send to
the Secretary of the School, one week beforehand, a list of such
statutes, decisions or chapters of tre at ises, as seem to him desirable
for prior perusal by those who are interested. The lecturer may
assume a general knowledge of law on the part of the hearers. If an
opportunity is given for questions and answers, it will be appreciated. No formal written lecture is expected; an informal address,
with or without notes, wou ld be appropriate.
"The list of topics fo r 1902-1903 will include the following: Selection and Management of the Jury; Mechanics' Liens; Municipal
Ordinances; Condemnation Proceedings; Personal Injuries; Corporation Organization; Special Assessments; Chancery Practice;
Office Organization and Management of Clients; Shipping Practice;
Suits Against Municipal Corporations; Examination of Witnesses;
Fire Insurance; Criminal Practice; Probate Practice; Appellate
Court Practice; Mortgage Foreclosures; Debt Collections; Federal
Practice; Brief and Argument Before Supreme Court; Landlord and
Tenant; Justice Courts ; Conservators and Guardians; General Taxation; Public Records and Clerks' Duties; and Trying a case for
Review on Appeal.
"3.-SCHEDULE.
"The addresses will be given on the following Monday evenings,
commencing promptly at 8 o'clock:
OCTOBER.

NOVEMBER.

DECEMBER.

JANUARY .

FEBRUARY.

MARCH,

6
l
2
5
9
3
12
16
IO
8
13
9
20
16
17
15
19
23
27
25
23
"Each lecture will be announced, with the name of the lecturer,
during one week beforehand in the Daily Law Bulletin, and will be
open to all members of the Bar. It is expected that a stenographic
report of the proceed ings of each evening will be taken, and a copy
of this will be furnished to the lect urer."
The precise dates for the several topics have not yet been
arranged, but the following members of the Bar have already
accepted appointments to the to pics named:

Selection and Management of the Jury-W. J. Hynes, Esq.
Law Office Organization and Work-M. Lester Coffeen,
Esq. (of the firm of Tenney, McConnell, Coffeen &amp; Harding); Mitchell
D. Follansbee, Esq. (of the firm of Follansbee &amp; Follansbee).
I,

2.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
3. Acquisition of a Clientage and Management of ClientsThomas Dent, Esq. (of the firm of Dent &amp; Wh itman).
4. Public Records and Clerks' Duties-Wells M. Cook (Assistant Corporation Counsel).
5. Mecltanz'cs' Liens-Louis Boisot, Jr. (author of a treatise on
Mechanics' Liens).
6. Practice under Municipal Ordinances- B. Frank Emerich,
Esq. (Attorney for the Chicago Board of Health).
7. Chancery Practice- Thomas Taylor, Jr., Esq. (Master in
Chancery).
8. Appellate Court Practice-Hon. Oliver H. Horton (formerly
judge of the Appellate Court).
9. Probate Court Practice- Lessing Rosenthal, Esq.
10. Personal Injuries-Samuel S. Page, Esq. (Attorney for the
City Railway Co.); James C. McShane, Esq.
II.
Trying a Case witlt Reference to Appeal and ReviewCharles B. Eyer, Esq. (of the firm of Smoot &amp; Eyer).
12. Suits Against Municipal Corporations- Frank H a mlin, Esq.
(formerly Assistant Corporation Counsel).
13. Fire Insurance- Thomas Bates, Esq.
14. Criminal Practice-A. C. Barnes, Esq. (Assistant State's
Attorney).
15. Organization of Corporations-Frank 0. Lowden, Esq.
16. Special Assessments- Kenneth R. Smoot, Esq. (of the firm
of Smoot &amp; Eyer).
17. Mortgage Foreclosures-'-W . W. Case, Esq.
18. Debt Collections-Carl R. Latham, Esq . . (of the firm of
Alden, Latham &amp; Young).
19. Justice Court Practice-Robert N. Holt, Esq. ( Justice of
the Peace).
20. Landlord and Tenant - Albert Martin, Esq. (of the firm of
Taylor &amp; Martin).
21. General Taxation-R obert S. lies, Esq.

The ·lecturers for the remaining topics will be announced later.

�V.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF RECENT
APPOINTEES TO THE FACULTY.

The following appointments have been made by the Trustees of
the University, since the publication of the May number of the
BULLETIN, to that portion of the staff of instruction which devotes
itself entirely to the work of the school:
HENRY SCHOFIELD, Professor of Law, is a native of Dudley,
Massachusetts; prepared for college at Nichols Academy, in that
town; graduated from Harvard College in 1887, with the degree of
·A. B., and from the Harvard Law School in 1890, with the degrees of
LL. B. and A. M. He served for a year as clerk in the law office of
Messrs. Herrick and Allen, Chicago; then went for a year to Washington as assistant to Mr. Charles H. Aldrich, Solicitor General of the
United States. In 1892 he returned to Chicago, and was later associated in practice with Mr. Henry M. Bacon ; from 1900 to 1902 was
Assistant Corporation Counsel to the City of Chicago. Duringthe years
1899-1900 and 1900-1901 l1e was a lecturer in the John Marshall Law
School, and during 1901-1902 he has taught the subjects of Equity and
Constitutional Law in the Law School of Northwestern University.
FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD, Professor of Law, is a
native of Middletown, Orange Co. N. Y., and was graduated from
the Law School of Cornell University in 1894; in 1895 he received at
Cornell the degree of LL. M., and delivered a course of lectures on
Real Property in the Cornell Summer Law School. For s0me three
years he then practiced law in the city of New York, and since 1898
he has been a member of the faculty of Dickinson Law School at
Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He has contributed a number of articles
to the law reviews, among which may be mentioned "Statutory
Limitations of the Freedom of Contracts," American Law Review,
1896; "Disappearance of Degrees of Negligence," New .York Law
Review, 1895; "Contribution Between Joint Tort Feasors," New
York Law Review, 1895; "The Doctrine of Divisible Contracts,"
American Law Register, 1899; "Impossibility of Performance as an
Excuse for Breach of Contract," Columbia Law Review, 1901. He
also delivered the address on John Marshall at the Marshall Day
18

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
exercises at the Dickinson Law School in 1901. In 1902 he received
the honorary degree of A. M. from Dickinson College.
The following appointments have also been made, since the issue
of the May number of the BULLETIN, for the work of specific courses
in the School:
CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM, Professor in the Law of Patents,
is a na tive of Illinois ; taught in Kansas schools for seven years, and
graduated from the Northwestern University Law School (Union
College of Law) in 1882. After some years in general practice, he
became interested in patent litigation ; reported for several years all
the patent cases published in the Federal Reporter; assisted in
organizing the Patent Law Association of Chicago; edited its journa l
from 1885 to 1900, and was President of the Association in 1900. He
is also a member of the Patent Law Association of Washington,
a member of the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States, and
has appeared as counsel in the Federal Courts in nearly every State
and Territory. He is a member of the firm of Offield, Towle &amp;
Linthicum.
WILLIAM HENRY DYRENFORTH, Professor in the Law of Patent
Practice, is a native of Illinois, studied for three years in Germany
at the gymnasium of Carlsruhe, taught for seven years in Dyrenforth
College, Chicago, of which his father was founder and principal, and
graduated from Northwestern University Law School (Union College
of Law ) in 1882. Since that time he has been engaged in the practice
of patent law, particularly in patent soliciting, and is a member of
the firm of Dyrenforth, Dyrenforth &amp; Lee. He has lectured on patent law and patent soliciting for the past sixteen years, first at the
Union College of Law (Northwestern University), then at the Kent
College of Law, and latterly at the John Marshall Law School.
OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT, Associate Professor in the Law of
Patents, is a native of Washington, D. C., and graduated in 1888 from
-Northwestern University Law School (Union College of Law). He
was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States,
and is a member of the firm of Raymond &amp; Barnett. He was for
three years Secretary of the Alumni Association of the Law School
and is now its Treasurer. He is also Secretary of the Patent Law
Association of Chicago.
HENRY CLAY HALL, Lecturer on Insumnce, is a native of Crawfordsville, Ind., received the degree of B. S. from Wabash College
in i895, and the degree of LL. B. from Northwestern Uuiversity in
1897, obtaining the Callaghan Prize. He is now attorney for the
Policy-Holders' Union of Chicago.

�VI. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF PRESIDENT
JAMES AND REAPPOINTED MEMBERS OF
THE FACULTY.
In the May number of the BULLETIN were printed biographical
sketches of Professor Hurd, as well as of Professors Greeley, Fletcher,
Fuller, and J. H. S. Lee, recent appointees to the faculty, and in the
foregoing pages, of the remaining recent appointees. It seems proper here to complete the chronicle with biographical sketches of
those members of the faculty who were at prior times appointed and
will continue to serve in the school. The following names are
arranged in the order of seniority of appointment, except those of the
President and the Dean:
On February 7, 1902, EDMUND JANES JAMES, Ph.D., LLD., was
elected President of the University, to fill the vacancy existing since
the resignation of Henry Wade Rogers, LL.D., in June, 1900; and
entered upon duties of his office on April 1, 1902. The career of the
new president is as follows: He was born in Jacksonville, Illinois, in
1855; graduated from the Illinois State Normal School, and pursued
a part of his college course at Northwestern University and at Harvard University, then proceeded to Germany for the study of Political
and Social Science, and in 1877 obtained the degree of Ph. D. at the
University of Halle. In 1878 he was principal of the High School of
Evanston, Illinois; and in 1879-1882 principal of the Model High
School at Normal, Illinois. At the · founding of the Wharton School
of Finance and Economy, in Philadelphia, he was called to be professor
of public finance and administration, and continued there until 1896;
meanwhile he was also made professor of political and social science
in the University of Pennsylvania. In 1896 he became professor of
Public Administration in tlie University of Chicago, and was also made
director of its -university-extension division, and until now has continued in those positions. Dr. James, while at the Wharton School,
founded the American Academy of Political and Social Science,and has
been its president since 1889; for several years he edited the Annals
of the Academy. He has been also Vice-president of the American
Economic Association; President of the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching; Vice-president of the National Muni20

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

21

cipal League, and Vice-president of the Trustees of the Illinois State
Histotical Library. Besides several score of printed essays and scientific articles, Dr. James has published books and pamphlets on" The
Relation of the Modern Municipality to the Gas Supply," "The Legal
Tender Decisions," "The Canal and the Railway," "The Federal
Constitution of Germany," "The Federal Comtitution of Switzerland," "Charters of the City of Chicago," "The Government of a
Typical German City,"" The Education of Business Men in Europe,"
and other topics. As an educator and ;idministrator no university officer in the
country has had a broader experience than Dr. James; and his distinguished reputation, in Europe as well as in this· country, marks
him as pre-eminently adapted to the post he now fills. Under his
energetic and progressive administration the University is assured of
rapid improvement and extension in every department.
JOHN HENRY WIGM0RE, Professor of Law, is a native of San
Francisco, prepared for college at the Urban Academy in that city,
graduated from Harvard College in 1883, spent a year in commercial
business, and graduated from the Harvard Law School in 1887. After
two years of practice at the bar in Boston, he was appointed in 1889
professor of Anglo-American ·Jaw in .the newly founded Fukuzawa
University in Tokyo, Japan. Returning to this country in 1893, he
was appointed professor of law in Northwestern University Law
School, and has since served in that capacity. He has published the
following books: "Digest of the Decisions of the Massachusetts
Railroad Commission" ( 1888) ; "The Australian Ballot System "
(2d ed., 1889); "Notes on Land Tenure and Local Institutions in Old
Japan" (1890); "Materials for the Study of Private Law in Old
Japan" (1892); "Greenleaf on Evidence, Sixteenth Edition, Volume
One" (1899); "Compiled Examinations in Law" (1900). He has
also, besides sundry articles in The Nation, Scribner's, and The
Century, published in various legal periodicals the following articles:
"Circumstantial Evidence in Poisoning Cases," "Scientific Books in
Evidence," "The Boycott," "Interference with Social Relations,"
"The Story of Louisiana Jurisprudence," " American Naturalization
and the Japanese," "Constitutionality of the Ballot Acts," "The
Borden Case," "The Durrant Case," "The Luetgert Case," "Analy,sis of Tort Relations," "Tripartite Division of Torts," "History of
Responsibility for Tortious Acts," "The Pledge-Idea in Comparative
Law," "Summary of Quasi-Contracts," "History of Confessions in
Evidence," "History of Comparison of Hands in Evidence,"" History of Quantitative Rules of Evidence," "History of Opinion Rule
Applied to Character," "Expert Opinion in Insurance Cases,"" Sequestration of Witnesses," "History of the Privilege Against Self-

�22

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Crimination." He has also delivered addresses before the Law Club
of Chicago (on the Dreyfus Case) and the American Bar Association
(on Legal Education).
LESTER LE GRAND BOND, Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copy-·
right, is a native of Ravenna, Ohio, and is by marriage a connection
of the family of Hon. Joseph Story, of the Federal Supreme Court.
He was admitted to the bar in 1853, and settled in Chicago in 1854.
Since 1870 his practice has been exclusively in patent, trade-mark, ·
and copyright litigation, and in the American Bar Association he is
Chairman of the Section on Patents, Trade-Marks, and Copyrights.
He has served for numerous terms in the City Council of Chicago,
the State Legislature, and the Board of Education. He has appeared
Federal litigatiob in almost every State, and has been since 1892
lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright in this Law School. He is a
member of the firm of Bond &amp; Jackson.

.in

NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS, Professor in the Law of Procedure
and Practice, is a native of Gallipolis, Ohio; prepared for college at
Elgin Academy, Elgin, Illinois, of which his father was principal;
spent a year at Knox College, and then entered Amherst College,
graduating in 1875; studied for two years in Germany, chiefly at
Berlin University, and in 1878 received the degree of A.M. from
Amherst College. He settled in Chicago and was admitted to the
bar of Illinois in 1878; in 1893 was elected Judge of the Superior
Court of Cook County, and in 1900 was re-elected; meanwhile, he was,
in.1897, appointed Justice of the Appellate Court for the First Dist.rict of Illinois, and in 1900 was reappointed. In 1897 he received
from Northwestern University the honorary degree of LL.D. and was
appoin,ted Professor in the· Law of Procedure and Practice. In April,
1902, h'e resigned his judicial_positions and became a member of the
firm of Sears, Meagher &amp; Whitney.
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE, Assistant Professor of Law, is a native
of Chicago, and received from Yale University the degree of A.B. in
1894 and of A.M. in 1895; he graduated from the Harvard Law
School in 1898. He was admitted to the bar of Illinois in 1898, and•
in the same year was appointed Lecturer on American Treaties and
Diplomacy in Northwestern University Law School. He has published articles in legal periodicals on "The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty"
and "The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty."
ALBERT MARTIN KALES, Assistant Professor of Law, is a native
of Chicago, and received from Harvard University the degrees of
of A.B. in 1896, and LL.B. in 1899. He was admitted to the bar of ·'
Illinois in 1899, and was appointed in 1900 Instructor in Property in

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
Northwestern University Law School.
on "The Homestead Law of Illinois."

He has published a volume

SAMUEL ADAMS, Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice,
is a native of Syracuse, New York; after a short attendance at Cornell ·University, he entered Harvard University, and received the
degree of A. B. in 18&lt;}2, doing a part of his work in the Harvard Law
School. In 1893 he graduated from Northwestern University Law
School, and was admitted to the bar of Illinois. In 1899 he became
a member of the firm of Bancroft &amp; Adams, and in 1900 was appointed Instructor in Federal Jurisdiction and Suretyship in Northwestern University Law School.
LOUIS LEE DENT, Lecturer on General Practice and on Mortgages, is a native of Salem, Missouri; received the degree of A. B.
from the University of Missouri in 1889, and from Harvard University
in 1893; and spent two years in the Harvard Law School. In 1897
he was admitted to the bar of Illinois, and has practiced as attorney
for surety and mortgage companies. In 18q8 he established a private
course for preparation for the examinations for admission to the bar
of Illinois, and in 1900 he was appointed to give this course as Instructor in the Law School of Northwestern University.
ROBERT CLOWRY CHAPMAN, Lecturer on Telephone and Telegraph Companies, is a native of Chicago, and graduated from the
Law School of Michigan University in 1894. He is a member of the
firm of Richardson &amp; Chapman (counsel for the Central . Union
Telephone Co.), and has written articles on "Conditions," ''Laws Applicable to Physicians and Surgeons," and "The Trial of Jesus." He
also has in press a treatise on "Laws Relating to Telegraph and Telephone Companies." In 1900 he was appointed Lecturer on this subject in Northwestern University Law School.
CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE, Assistant Professor of Law, is a native
of Philadelphia; prepared for college at the Syracuse High School, ·,
Syracuse, New York; received the degree of A.B. from Amherst
College in 1895, and the degree of LL.B. from Northwestern University in 1897. He has since been associated in practice in Chicago with
Mr. H. H. C. Miller.
CHARLES BYRD ELDER, Lecturer on Extraordinary Legal
Remedies, and on Judgments and Auxiliary Remedies, is a native of
Chicago; graduated from Northwestern University Law School in
1898; spent a year in study at the College of Liberal Arts of the
same university, and has since practiced in Chicago, being now a
member of the firm of Page &amp; Elder; and in 1901 was appointed a
Lecturer in the Law School on Extraordinary Legal Remedies.

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.
MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE, Lecturer on Legal Ethici, is a
native of Chicago; received from Harvard College in 1892 the degree
of A.B., and from Northwestern University in 1893 the degree of
LL.B. He is a member of the firm of Follansbee &amp; Follansbee,
and was appointed in March, 1902, Lecturer on Legal Ethics in Northwestern University Law School. He has published an address on
"The English Lawyer of To-day," and other articles in legal
journals.

�3.1 ~····

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��V.
DENTAL SCHOOL
CHICAGO

Offe rs a four yea rs' cou rse leading to the dei;ree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. The
facilities lor the practical and theo retical instruction in the school are unusually
good. The new location is particularly well adapted for the convenience ol the
s tud ents and instructors. The attendance during the last year was 535. It is the
largest University Dental School in the world.
For further information, addre ss Northwestern University Dental School ,
Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago.

VI.
SCHOOL OF MUSIC
COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON

Offers extensive courses in the practical and theoretical stud y of Music,and is designed
to prepare students for the profession as composers, theorists, artists, teachers 1 or
critics. It also makes pr6vision for the study of Music as a part ol general culture
or as an accompli shment. It otte rs th ree or four year courses leading to an appro·
priate degree in Music.
For further information, address School of Music , Evanston, Illinois.

VII.
SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY
EVANSTON

The Garrett Biblical Institute, open to all young men from any evangelical
church, who a re properly recommended as candidates for the Christian mi ni stry,
offers a three years' course arranged for classical grad uates of approved colleges,
lead ing to the degree of Bachelor of Divinity; a lso a lour years' course open to
college graduates, leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
The No rwegian-Danish Theological Department, established to prepare men
!o r the ministry among the Norwegian and Danish peol'_]e, offers its s tudents an
oppo rtunity to pursue their theological studies in the English , Norwegian , and
Danish languages.
The Swedish Theological Semin ary, organized to meet the increasing demands
!or educated pastors and missi~naries amo ng the Swedish population in th e United
States, offers a four years' course in Divinity.
For further information, address the r espective schools, Evanston, Illinois.

VIII.
ACADEMY
COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON

Offers a large variety of courses preparatory to college and practical life. The
proximity of the college department with its many facilities constitutes a great
adva ntage to the Acade my . Young men and women will find here opportunity to
p repare lor any college in the country.
For further information, address Northwestern Unive rsity Academy,
Evanston, Illinois.

A second Academy, under the name of Grand Prairie Se minary, is maintained
by the University at Onarga, Illinois. Special facilities are affo rded lor ~eparing
for college or tech nical schools , or other higher institutions of learning. The location in a small town makes it possible for the authorities to offer low rates of tuition
and board. An excell ent commercial course is also offered in this institution.
For further information, address Grand Prairie Seminary, Onarga , Illinois .

IX.
PRIVILEGES ACCORDED TO WOMEN
Women are admitted to all departments of the University except the Medical
School on substantiall y the same terms as men.
For further information as to the Residence Halls for Women , address
Dean of Women , Willard Hall, Evanston, Illinois.

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                <text>SERIES   NUMBER NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSIT ·Y EVANSTON CHICAGO BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN S TREETS  CHICAGO MEMBER OF ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AUGUST      . NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO Edmund J. James  A.M .  Ph.D.  President Northwestern University            . Four (Law  Medicine  D      Pharmacy) Chicago.      LAW SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers      '     Law           Bachelor   Laws . Special Law.  Chicago Law Institute Library .  Law                      . Northwestern University Law School Northweste   University Building  Corner   Lake   D   Streets Chicago. Northwestern University Building   Corner        Dearborn Streets Chicago. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL STREET VIEW.   QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW. CONTENTS OF No.   AUGUST      . PAGE . REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR II. REVISED COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FOR Ill. NEW COURSE IN PATENT LAW IV. NEW COURSE IN LEGAL TACTICS V. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF RECENT APPOINTEES TO THE FACULTY . VI. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF PRESIDENT JAMES AND REAPPOINTED MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY Entered         ETanston  Ill.         . · . REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR * EDMUND JANES JAMES  Ph.D.  LL.D. President     University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A.M.   LL.B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law   Dean     Faculty. HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD (LL.D.  Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor   Law. NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS (A.M.  Amherst College  LL.D .  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE (A .M.  Yale University  LL.B .• Harvard University) Assistant Professor   Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A .B.  LL.B.  Harvard University) Assistant Professor   Law. SAMUEL ADAMS (A.B.  Harvard University  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE (A.B.  Harvard University  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Assistant Professor     Law   Crt'    Criminal Pro . CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A.B.  Amherst College  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Assistant Professor   Law . . HENRY SCHOFIELD (A.M.  LL.B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A.B.  Harvard University) Professor  '    Law   Conveyancing. WILLIAM MEADE FLETCHER (LL.B.  University   Virginia) Professor  '    Law   Equity Pleading   Practz' . *Arranged          President   Deaμ ·             . ·  THE LAW SCHOOL. LEVI HARPER FULLER (B.S.  Upper Iowa University   LL.B.  Iowa State University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practz' . FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD ( A.M.  Dickinson College  LL.M.  Cornell University) Professor   Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL.B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patents. WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH (LL.B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patent Practice. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT (LL.B.  Northwestern University) Assodate Professor     Law   Patents. LESTER LE GRAND. BOND Lecturer   Trade Mark   Copyright. HON. PETER STENGER GROSSCUP  (A.M.  Wittenberg College  LL.B.  Boston University  LL.D .. Knox Wittenberg Colleges  Judge     United States Circuit Court   Appeals) Lecturer   International Law. LOUIS LEE DENT (A.B.  Harvard University  Missouri University) Lecturer   Mortgages     General Practice. ROBERT CLOWRY CHAPMAN (LL.B.  University   Michigan) Lecturer   Telephone   Telegraph Compant' . CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL.B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Extraordinary Legal Remedies. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE (A.B.  Harvard University  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Legal Ethics. HENRY CLAY HALL (B.S.  Wabash College  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Insurance. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL.B.  Northwestern University) Secretary   Law School. II. REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION FOR .  QUARTERLY BULLETIN Mortgages  Code Pleading  Municipal Corporations  Damages  Insurance  Admiralty Judgments   Auxiliary Legal Remedies    Patents   Invention. Patents BULLETIN. Besides  Property ( )  Conflict   Laws ( )  Constitutional Law ( )  Persons (             ) Suretyship (             ).   FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. Contracts Three      . Keener'  Cases   Contracts Profe!    OODW ARD. Torts Two      . Ames'   Smith'  Cases   Torts. Profe!  W IGMORE. Property ( ) Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols.    II. Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading·   Procedure  One      . Ames' Cases   Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes   Criminal Procedure Two      . Beale' Cases   Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM. Contracts ( ) Three      . Professor   OODW ARD. Torts ( ) Two      . Professor WrGMORE. Property ( ) ( ) Two      . Professor KALES  THE LAW SCHOOL. Common Law Pleading   Procedure ( ) Two . Lectures      . Professor ADAMS. Master   Servant   Tort One      . Wambaugh' Cases   Agency. Professor WIGMORE. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence Two      . Thayer'  Cases   Evidence . Professor WIGMORE. Trusts Three        . Ames' Cases   Trusts. Professor   OODW ARD. Agency Two      . Wamhaugh'  Cases   Agency. Professor LITTLE. Commercial Paper  Three      . Ames' Cases   Bills Notes. Professor HYDE. Equity ( ) Torts. Three      . Keener'  Cases Equity  Vol.  . Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (II) Two       . . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols. III  IV. Professor KALES. Equity Pleading   Procedure Two      . Lectures . Professor FLETCHER. Persons (Domestic Relations) Two      . Smith' Cases   Persons. Professor KALES. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus  Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus   .) One      . Mr. ELDER. SECOND TERM. Evidence (  ) Three      . Professor WIGMORE. Property (II) ( ) Two      . · Professor KALES. Equity (II) Specific Performance   . Three      . Keener'  Cases   Equity  Vol. II. Professor SCHOFIELD. (Omitted                  .) Equity (III'  Sundry Topics. Three      . Keener' Cases   Equity  Vol. III. Professor SCHOFIELD. (Given                  .) Bankruptcy Two      . Williston'  Cases   Bank  · . Professor WOODWARD. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Quasi Contracts  Three      . Keener'  Cases Quasi Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. (Given                  .) Sales   Personalty  Three      . Williston'  Cases Sales. Professor WOODWARD. (Omitted                  .) Carriers Three      . McClain'  Cases   Carriers Beale'  Cases   Carriers. Professor HYDE. (Given                  .) Admiralty   Marine Insurance  Three      . Professor HYDE. (Omitted                  .) Damages One      . Beale'  Cases   Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. Telegraph   Telephone Companies One      . Mr. CHAPMAN. Judgments    Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachment  Garnishment Execution   .) One      . Rood'  Cases   Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. Insurance (Fire   Life) Two      . Wambaugh' Cases   Insurance. Mr. HALL. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM Corporations  Two      . Smith'  Cases   Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice   Illinois Two      . Professor SEARS. International Law ( ) Two      . Snow'  Cases International Law      . Professor HYDE .. Suretyship Two      . Ames' Cases   Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Constitutional Law Two      . Thayer'  Cases   Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Jurisd£ £    Federal Courts One      . Professor SCHOFIELD Property (III) Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vol. V. Professor KALES (* Omitted            .) *                                . THE LAW SCHOOL. Conveyancing One      . Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Conflict   Laws Two      . Beale'  Cases   Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. Mortgat   Two      . Kirchwey'  Cases   Mortgages. Mr. DENT. Code Pleading   Procedure One      . Hepburn' Cases   Code Pleading. Professor WOODWARD. Practice Court Two               . Causes  . . Professor FULLER. *Patents   Invention ( ) General  . Five  . Professor LINTHICUM. ( /) Patent Soliciting. . Twenty Professor DYRENFORTH. (II/) Patent Law   Practice. Forty  . Professor BARNETT. SECOND TERM. Corporations ( ) Two      . Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice   Illinois ( )  Two . Professor SEARS. Constitutional Law (  ) Two      . Professor SCHOFIELD. Conveyancing ( ) One      . Professor GREELEY. Conflict   Laws (  ) Two        . Professor HYDE. Practice Court ( ) Two . Professor FULLER. Patents   Invention ( ). Property (III) Two      . Vol. VI. Professor BARNETT. Gray'  Cases   Property Professor KALES. International Law (II) American Treaties   Diplomacy . Two      . Professor HYDE. * These  .  . NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Municipal Corporations Two      . Smith'  Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. Partnership Two      . Ames' Cases   Partnership. Professor LITTLE.     .    (  Constitutional Law   Patents   Invention) Conveyancing Property III               Property     II.   . COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks   Copyrights Six  . Mr. BOND. General Re' !   Five State . Mr. DENT. Law   Polz"  One      . Judge GROSSCUP. Legal Eth£  Five  . Mr. FOLLANSBEE. SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.     .  . Pleadings         Common Law Pleading Equity Pleading .                 . THE LAW SCHOOL. . Conveyancing   . A   '       . Thorough  . No Property     IL . Practice Court               Procedure Practice .     Practice Court   .   Court' . During    . While    . A  . . .   . A         Rules     Practice Court                . . Practical Work  (  Clients               School   Legal Aid Bureau.   Bureau Bar . School . Its Chicago  . IO NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.   . . Legal Tactics  Bar  .  BULLETIN    .   . . Public Speaking.   . Such  ( ) Argument   Debate. An  Professor J. SCOTT CLARK College   Liberal Arts. ( ) Voice Training . An  Faculty     Cumnock School Oratory. · ( ) Parliamentary Practice. An Professor JOSEPH W. ROBERT      Robert School   Parliamentary Law.  Municipal Council . Public Speaking  .   Towle  . . Thesis.             Faculty . Any   Faculty       .    .   Lee . THE 'LAW SCHOOL. II . Moot Courts   Briefs.  Moot Courts   . Each  . Application .               Moot Court  . TUITION FEES.   . A . Special . Patent Law        . III. NEW COURSES IN PATENT LAW. School                  Patent Laws  Patent Law      . Many  ( Washington  D. C.)  . . Most  '   .    ' . . Accordingly Patent Law              .  '  Patent Law. Patent Law  Federal Jurisdiction  Corporations  Conflict Laws    Constitutional Law .  ' .       ·         THE LAW SCHOOL. . There  '     Chicago .   . Chicago  Federal Circuit . Patent Law . There (           )   . With                  ·  Patent          . Brief . .         BULLETIN.  . Course  . Professor LINTHICUM. Five      . General Survey   Patent Law           Patentability ·   Invention United States    affect            . Course II. Professor DYRENF RTH. Twenty      . Patent Commissioners'    . Course III. Professor BARNETT. Forty  . Creation     Patent Rig  . A.   Inventor'  Act   . Art . Invention            . Novelty  NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Utility . Abandonment       . B.   Government' Grant   . Trade           . Scope . Duration . Patent             . Patent  . II. ScojJeo.    Patent Rig      Determining Infringement   . Arts       . Machines   . Compositions       . Designs. III. Trans.   .    Patent Right   . Assignment . Grant   . Execution       . Bankruptcy   . Death   . Rights . Licenses . IV. R   andProcedure  A . Jurisdiction State   Federal Courts  Court   Claims  B. Parties  C. Actions  D. Actions  E. Interference . These  . Courses  . II. II Course III. .  (               ) .  . A       Patent Office Regulations .   Library School     Patent Commissioners' Decisions    Federal Reports             .  Patent Law . IV. NEW COURSE IN LEGAL TACTICS. Legal Tactics BULLETIN School Bar    . Bar  " . OBJECT OF THE COURSE. "Every  . There      . All    .    .   School. Each   . " . PLAN OF THE COURSE. "   NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . A . Nevertheless  Secretary     School  . . . No . "                               Selection Management     Jury  Mechanics' Liens  Municipal Ordinances  Condemnation Proceedings  Personal Injuries  Corporation Organization  Special Assessments  Chancery Practice Office Organization   Management   Clients  Shipping Practice Suits Against Municipal Corporations  Examination   Witnesses Fire Insurance  Criminal Practice  Probate Practice  Appellate Court Practice  Mortgage Foreclosures  Debt Collections  Federal Practice  Brief   Argument Before Supreme Court  Landlord Tenant  Justice Courts   Conservators   Guardians  General Taxation Public Records   Clerks' Duties    Trying Review   Appeal. " . SCHEDULE. " ' OCTOBER. NOVEMBER. DECEMBER. JANUARY. FEBRUARY. MARCH  IO   "Each Daily Law Bulletin Bar.  ."  Bar  Selection   Management     Jury W. J. Hynes  Esq. . Law Office Organization   Work M. Lester Coffeen Esq. (        Tenney  McConnell  Coffeen &amp; Harding)  Mitchell D. Follansbee  Esq. (        Follansbee &amp; Follansbee). THE LAW SCHOOL. . Acquisition     Clientage   Management   Clients Thomas Dent  Esq. (        Dent &amp; Whitman). . Public Records   Clerks' Duties Wells M. Cook (Assistant Corporation Counsel). . Mecltanz' ' Liens Louis Boisot  Jr. ( Mechanics' Liens). . Practice   Municipal Ordinances  B. Frank Emerich Esq. (Attorney     Chicago Board   Health). . Chancery Practice  Thomas Taylor  Jr.  Esq. (Master Chancery). . Appellate Court Practice Hon. Oliver H. Horton ( Appellate Court). . Probate Court Practice  Lessing Rosenthal  Esq. . Personal Injuries Samuel S. Page  Esq. (Attorney City Railway Co.)  James C. McShane  Esq. II. Trying   Case   Reference   Appeal   Review Charles B. Eyer  Esq. (        Smoot &amp; Eyer). . Suits Against Municipal Corporations  Frank H      Esq. (  Assistant Corporation Counsel). . Fire Insurance  Thomas Bates  Esq. . Criminal Practice A. C. Barnes  Esq. (Assistant State' Attorney). . Organization   Corporations Frank  . Lowden  Esq. . Special Assessments  Kenneth R. Smoot  Esq. ( Smoot &amp; Eyer). . Mortgage Foreclosures ' W . W. Case  Esq. . Debt Collections Carl R. Latham  Esq . . ( Alden  Latham &amp; Young). . Justice Court Practice Robert N. Holt  Esq. ( Justice Peace). . Landlord   Tenant  Albert Martin  Esq. ( Taylor &amp; Martin). . General Taxation R   S.    Esq. ·                 . V. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF RECENT APPOINTEES TO THE FACULTY. Trustees University BULLETIN  HENRY SCHOFIELD  Professor   Law          Dudley Massachusetts          Nichols Academy Harvard College ·A. B.        Harvard Law School LL. B.   A. M. He Messrs. Herrick   Allen  Chicago              Washington Mr. Charles H. Aldrich  Solicitor General United States.              Chicago Mr. Henry M. Bacon Assistant Corporation Counsel     City   Chicago. Duringthe l             John Marshall Law School                            Equity Constitutional Law     Law School   Northwestern University. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD  Professor   Law Middletown  Orange Co. N. Y. Law School   Cornell University Cornell       LL. M. Real Property     Cornell Summer Law School.   s New York Dickinson Law School Carlisle  Pennsylvania. He "Statutory Limitations     Freedom   Contracts " American Law Review "Disappearance   Degrees   Negligence " New .York Law Review        "Contribution Between Joint Tort Feasors " New York Law Review        "  Doctrine   Divisible Contracts " American Law Register        "Impossibility   Performance Excuse   Breach   Contract " Columbia Law Review      . He John Marshall     Marshall Day  THE LAW SCHOOL. Dickinson Law School       . A. M.   Dickinson College.  BULLETIN School CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM  Professor     Law   Patents Illinois       Kansas Northwestern University Law School (Union College   Law)       . After  Federal Reporter Patent Law Association   Chicago President     Association       . He Patent Law Association   Washington Supreme Court     United States Federal Courts       State Territory. He               Offield  Towle &amp; Linthicum. WILLIAM HENRY DYRENFORTH  Professor     Law   Patent Practice          Illinois            Germany Carlsruhe            Dyrenforth College  Chicago Northwestern University Law School (Union College Law)       . Since  Dyrenforth  Dyrenforth &amp; Lee. He  Union College   Law (Northwestern University)        Kent College   Law          John Marshall Law School. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT  Associate Professor     Law Patents          Washington  D. C. Northwestern University Law School (Union College   Law). He Supreme Court     United States Raymond &amp; Barnett. He Secretary     Alumni Association     Law School Treasurer. He     Secretary     Patent Law Association   Chicago. HENRY CLAY HALL  Lecturer   Insumnce          Crawfordsville Ind.          B. S.   Wabash College i             LL. B.   Northwestern Uuiversity Callaghan Prize. He Policy Holders' Union   Chicago. VI. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF PRESIDENT JAMES AND REAPPOINTED MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY. BULLETIN Professor Hurd          Professors Greeley  Fletcher Fuller    J. H. S. Lee .   .  President     Dean On            EDMUND JANES JAMES  Ph.D.  LLD. President     University Henry Wade Rogers  LL.D. . He       Jacksonville  Illinois Illinois State Normal School Northwestern University     Harvard University        Germany         Political Social Science                   Ph. D. University   Halle.                  High School Evanston  Illinois                      Model High School   Normal  Illinois.    ·       Wharton School Finance   Economy    Philadelphia   University   Pennsylvania. Public Administration     University   Chicago  . Dr. James        Wharton School American Academy   Political   Social Science Annals Academy. He       Vice       American Economic Association  President     American Society     Extension University Teaching  Vice       National Muni  THE LAW SCHOOL. League    Vice       Trustees     Illinois State Histotical Library. Besides Dr. James            " Relation     Modern Municipality     Gas Supply " "  Legal Tender Decisions " "  Canal     Railway " "  Federal Constitution   Germany " "  Federal Comtitution   Switzerland " "Charters     City   Chicago " "  Government Typical German City ""   Education   Business Men   Europe " .  Dr. James Europe          · . Under University . JOHN HENRY WIGM RE  Professor   Law          San Francisco            Urban Academy Harvard College Harvard Law School       . After Boston Anglo American ·Jaw   .      Fukuzawa University   Tokyo  Japan. Returning Northwestern University Law School               . He "Digest     Decisions     Massachusetts Railroad Commission" (     )   "  Australian Ballot System " (    .      )  "Notes   Land Tenure   Local Institutions   Old Japan" (    )  "Materials     Study   Private Law   Old Japan" (    )  "Greenleaf   Evidence  Sixteenth Edition  Volume One" (    )  "Compiled Examinations   Law" (    ). He Nation  Scribner' Century "Circumstantial Evidence   Poisoning Cases " "Scientific Books Evidence " "  Boycott " "Interference   Social Relations " "  Story   Louisiana Jurisprudence " " American Naturalization Japanese " "Constitutionality     Ballot Acts " " Borden Case " "  Durrant Case " "  Luetgert Case " "Analy Tort Relations " "Tripartite Division   Torts " "History Responsibility   Tortious Acts " "  Pledge Idea   Comparative Law " "Summary   Quasi Contracts " "History   Confessions Evidence " "History   Comparison   Hands   Evidence "" History Quantitative Rules   Evidence " "History   Opinion Rule Applied   Character " "Expert Opinion   Insurance Cases "" Sequestration Witnesses " "History     Privilege Against Self NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Crimination." He             Law Club Chicago (    Dreyfus Case)     American Bar Association (  Legal Education). LESTER LE GRAND BOND  Lecturer   Trade Mark   Copy · Ravenna  Ohio Hon. Joseph Story      Federal Supreme Court. He                         Chicago       . Since                          · American Bar Association Chairman     Section   Patents  Trade Marks    Copyrights. He               City Council   Chicago State Legislature      Board   Education. He     .  Federal         State Trade Mark   Copyright     Law School. He Bond &amp; Jackson. NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS  Professor     Law   Procedure Practice          Gallipolis  Ohio Elgin Academy  Elgin  Illinois Knox College        Amherst College Germany Berlin University                   A.M. Amherst College. He     Chicago Illinois                    Judge     Superior Court   Cook County .        Justice     Appellate Court     First Dist. Illinois              . Northwestern University         LL.D. Professor    · Law   Procedure   Practice. '      judicial Sears  Meagher &amp; Whitney. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE  Assistant Professor   Law Chicago        Yale University       A.B. A.M.                 Harvard Law School       . He             Illinois          • Lecturer   American Treaties Diplomacy   Northwestern University Law School. He "  Clayton Bulwer Treaty" "  Hay Pauncefote Treaty." ALBERT MARTIN KALES  Assistant Professor   Law Chicago        Harvard University A.B.           LL.B.       . He             ·' Illinois                      Instructor   Property THE LAW SCHOOL. Northwestern University Law School. He "  Homestead Law   Illinois." SAMUEL ADAMS  Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice Syracuse  New York            Cornell · University      Harvard University A. B.     &lt;}                   Harvard Law School.              Northwestern University Law School                Illinois. Bancroft &amp; Adams Instructor   Federal Jurisdiction   Suretyship   Northwestern University Law School. LOUIS LEE DENT  Lecturer   General Practice     Mortgages Salem  Missouri          A. B. University   Missouri             Harvard University Harvard Law School. Illinois .     q  Illinois                           Instructor Law School   Northwestern University. ROBERT CLOWRY CHAPMAN  Lecturer   Telephone   Telegraph Companies          Chicago Law School   Michigan University       . He Richardson &amp; Chapman (      Central . Union Telephone Co.)            "Conditions " ''Laws Applicable Physicians   Surgeons "   "  Trial   Jesus." He "Laws Relating   Telegraph   Telephone Companies."              Lecturer Northwestern University Law School. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE  Assistant Professor   Law Philadelphia            Syracuse High School  · Syracuse  New York          A.B.   Amherst College                 LL.B.   Northwestern University . He               Chicago Mr. H. H. C. Miller. CHARLES BYRD ELDER  Lecturer   Extraordinary Legal Remedies      Judgments   Auxiliary Remedies Chicago      Northwestern University Law School College   Liberal Arts Chicago Page &amp; Elder Lecturer     Law School   Extraordinary Legal Remedies. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE  Lecturer   Legal Ethici Chicago      Harvard College A.B.      Northwestern University LL.B. He               Follansbee &amp; Follansbee Lecturer   Legal Ethics   Northwestern University Law School. He "  English Lawyer </text>
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                    <text>SERIES I

NUMBER 3

NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
EVANSTON-CHICAGO

BULLETIN
OF THE

SCHOOL OF LAW
(UNION COLLEGE OFi;:LAW)
FOUNDED 1859

OFFICE OF PUBLICATION
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING
LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO

MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS

PUBLISHED

QUARTERLY BY

NORTHWESTERN

UNIVERSITY

NOVEMBER, 1902

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
EVANSTON-CHICAGO

Edmund J. James, A.M., Ph.D. , President
Northwestern University consists of eight departments or schools. Four of
these (Law, Medicine, Dentistry. and Pharmacy) are located in or near the center
of the city of Chicago. The other four (College of Liberal Arts. Theology. Music,
and the Academy, are situated in Evanston, the most beautiful suburb of Chicago,
immediately adjoining the city on the north.
The College Campus is located directly on the shore of Lake Michigan about
three miles north of the city limits.
For general information relating to the University as a whole, general catalogues, etc . , address University Hall, Northwestern University, Evanston,
Illinois.

I.
THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS
COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON

Offers a four years' course leadi~g to Bachelor's degree in Languages and Litera·
ture (English. French, German. Italian. Spanish, Latin, Greek, Hebrew); Mathematics (college and advanced); Science (Astronomy, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry,
Physics. Mineralogy, Geo logy); History (ancient . media,val, and modern); Philosophy. Psychology, Pedagogy, Economics and Politics, and Sociology, and other
subJects appropriate to a modern colleg:e.
Numerous graduate courses are also offered leading to tbe degree of A.M., and
in a few subjects to that of Ph. D.
Special advantag:es are offered to the graduates of this college in the professional schools of the University.
For further information, addr&lt;;ss College of Liberal Arts, Evanston, Illinois.

II.
MEDICAL SCHOOL
CHICAGO

Offers a four years' course leading to the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Th.e hos·
pita! and climcal facilities are especially good. This school was the first in the
United States to take three important steps in Medical education : the enforcement
of the standard of preliminary education, adoption of longer annual courses, and the
graded curriculum.
lt ranks fourth in attendance among University Medical Schools in the United
States.
For further information, address Northwestern University Medical School,
2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago.

III.
LAW SCHOOL
CHICAGO

Offers a three years' course in Law leading to the deg-re~ of Bachelor of Laws.
Special facilities are provided for a thorough preparation in the practical as well as
theoretical aspects of the Law. The library is adequate to all the ordinary needs of
the student, including over ten thousand volumes, while the proximity of the
Chicago Law Institute Library provides an additional collection of nearly forty
thousand which the students are at liberty to use. The students come from all parts
of the country, and the courses are arranged with a view to giving them that know!·
edge of Law which will be indispensable to them wherever they may practice.
For further information, address Northwestern University Law School ,
Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago.

IV.
SCHOOL OF PHARMACY
CHICAGO

Offers courses leading to the degree of Graduate in Pharmacy and that of Pharmaceutical Chemist. The course mcludes instruction in general Chemistry, Chemical
Analysis, Pharmacy, Botany, Microscopy, Pharmacognosy, Dispensing. and Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, including Drug Assaymg, Bacteriolog{· and
Sanitary Analysis. It ranks first in attendance among Umversity Schools o Pharmacy in this country.
For further infa;rmation, address Northwestern University School of Phar-

macy, Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago,

�NORTHWESTERN UNI VERSITY BU I LDING
LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS

��FACULTY ROOM.

�NORTH CORRIDOR .

�QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE
SCHOOL OF LAW.
CONTENTS OF No . 3-NOVEMBER, 1902.
I.
II.

VIEWS OF THE NEW QUARTERS
DESCRIPTION OF THE INAUGURAL EXERCISES AT THE OPENING OF THE NEW QUARTERS, OCTOBER 20, 1902, WITH
THE ADDRESS OF HON . OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES .

Application made for entry at the post-office at Chicago, Ill., as second-class matter.

�DESCRIPTION OF THE INAUGURAL EXE~
CISES AT THE OPENING OF THE NEW
QUARTERS, OCTOBER 20, 1902, WITH THE
ADDRESS OF THE HON. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES.
The new quarters of the School, comprising the third floor of
the Northwestern University Building, on Lake and Dearborn
Streets, were not completed in all parts until Saturday, October
18th, although the offices had been removed on September 15th,
and lectures were begun on the date announced in the calendar,
September 24th. A full description of the apartments, with their
furnishings, pictures, and other equipment, has already been
printed in a separate pamphlet, and was mailed to all alumni on
October roth in connection with the notice of the Inaugural Exercises. All the features of the equipment seem to have met
with the unanimous approval and commendation of Trustees,
Faculty, alumni, and students. With a curriculum not excelled
by any law school in this country, the School now possesses every
material aid and convenience for carrying on its work with the
highest efficacy.
The Inaugural Exercises were originally appointed for Friday,
October 3d, a date fixed upon as coincident with that of President
Roosevelt's visit to Chicago. The President had promised in June
to attend the Exercises as a part of the programme of his Chicago
visit. But in the midst of the preparations for his arrival the official
announcement was made of the abandonment of the Presidential
tour in the west. The exercises were therefore postponed until the
quarters should be in complete readiness, and the date was fixed for
Monday, October 20th. This day, falling on the second of the three
days (October 19-21) already appointed for the Installation Ceremonies of President James, was the more appropriate because of
the opportunity thus afforded for uniting the celebrations and for
exhibiting the quarters to the many alumni and delegates of other
Universities who were to come to Chicago and Evanston to attend
the Installation. The Honorable Oliver Wendell Holmes, Chief J ustice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, and recently
nominated to be Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

3

had in June accepted an invitation to attend the Inaugural Exercises as the guest of the University, and now consented to deliver
the address on that occasion. Since Booth Hall was limited in its
seating capacity to 300, it was found necessary to restrict the
invitations chiefly to alumni (2 50 in number), and besides these
to include only the Trustees, the Federal and State Judges in
Chicago, the Faculty of the School, the Deans of other Departments of the University, the Deans of other law schools in Chicago, the President of the Chicago Bar Association, and the Librarian of the Chicago Law Institute, with a few others including
donors to the equipment of the school and members of the Bar
attending the Installation as delegates from other Universities.
To the reception which followed the exercises were invited all
alumni who could not be accommodated in Booth Hall and all
members of the Chicago Bar. As the officers of the evening were
appointed Honorable Oliver H. Horton, First Vice-President of
the Board of Trustees (and formerly Chairman of the Trustees
of the Union College of Law), as presiding officer, and Rev. Charles
M. Stuart, D.D., professor in the Garrett Biblical Institute, as
chaplain.
At 6 P. M. Mr. Chief Justice Holmes was the guest of honor
at a dinner given at the University Club by the Faculty of the
School; the other guests being President Charles W. Needham,
LL.D., of Columbian University, Washington, D . C.; Professor
Alfred Nerincx, LL.D., of the Faculty of Law of the University of
Louvain, Belgium; Professor Frederick Parker Walton, LL.D., Dean
of the Faculty of Law of McGill University, Montreal, Canada,
and delegate from the University of Oxford, England; and Professor William Hoynes, LL.D., Dean of the Faculty of Law of
Notre Dame University, Indiana.
At 7:45 P. M. Mr. Chief Justice Holmes was received in the
Dean's office by the presiding officer and a Reception Committee
consisting of Hon. Henry S. Boutell, Hon. James R . Mann, and
Hon. George E. Foss-members of Congress from Chicago-the
last two being alumni of the School, and the first being a Trustee
of the University. At the same hour the Judges, together with
the other invited guests, the Trustees of the University, and the
Faculty of the School., assembled in the Faculty Room. Meanwhile the alumni had been seated in Booth Hall, and the students
had been drawn up by classes in opposite ranks, in the north
corridor; Mr. McKinney, '03, Mr. McAuley, '04, and Mr. Dewes,
'05 , acting as Marshals.
At 8 P. M. the procession passed from the Faculty Room,
down the north corridor and between the ranks of students, to the

�4

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Assembly Room (Lowden Hall) ; the Judges being headed by Hon.
James Jenkins, senior judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals
and Hon. Peter S. Grosscup, of the same Court , and formerly Dean
of the School; the Trustees, by H. H . C. Miller, Esq., Second VicePresident of the Board, and Henry S. Towle, Esq., Chairman of the
Law Committee; and the Faculty, by Harvey B . Hurd, LL.D.,
professor emeritus. In the Assembly Room, Hon. Frank Orren
Lowden, '87, President of the Alumni Association, addressing
Mr. Chief Justice Holmes, presented a diamond-point with which
to inscribe on a glass panel his name and the date of his visit.
This panel will be set into the tiles of the chimney-piece over the
fire-place of Lowden Hall, as a permanent memorial of the occasion. After the ceremony of inscription, the procession was resumed to Booth Hall, whither in the mean time the students had
marched, proceeding in double-file through the Library. In
Booth Hall, on the rostrum were seated Mr. Chief Justice Holmes,
the Presiding Officer, the Chaplain, Professor Hurd, and the
Dean of the School; on the floor, on either side facing the rostrum,
were seated the Trustees, the Faculty, and the invited guests;
on the banks in the body of the Hall, the alumni; and the students
remained standing in ranks against the walls.
The Chaplain pronounced the invocation; and the Dean of the
School then addressed the Presiding Officer as follows :
"Mr. President, it is my duty to notify you that the quarters
so generously and wisely provided for us by the Board of Trustees,
aided by the contributions of many alumni and other friends, are
now ready for occupancy. Forty-three years have passed since
the founding of the School. Destiny has at last brought us,
in material equipment, something worthy of our aspirations in
scholarship and our standards in work. For this we thank heartily
all those whom you represent; and we now await your pleasure."
The Presiding Officer then responded as follows:
"Mr. Dean, in the name and on behalf of the Trustees of the
Northwest ern University, I now deliver to you, as dean of the
Faculty of the Law School, these halls and accessories. But few,
if any, law schools in the country have such handsome, commodious, and well-equipped accommodations, in immediate
proximity to the courts, to the great law and other libraries and
to the law offices. Did time permit, it would give me great pleasure to allow memory and affection to dictate fitting words relating
to the Hon. Thomas Hoyne, LL.D., the founder of this school;
the Hon. Henry Booth, LL.D ., the first teacher and dean, and to
other professors, as well as to the alumni; many of whom have attained distinction at the bar and upon the bench. I now place

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

5

in your hands the keys of this department of the University. The
responsibility resting upon you is great. We trust that all your
hopes and anticipations of prosperity and success may be fully
realized. Gentlemen of the Bench and of the Bar, Alumni, and
other guests and friends: The Trustees of this University bid
you a hearty welcome, and bespeak your support and encouragement as this School shall continue to hold high the standard of
qualifications required for admission to the bar.
"We are greatly honored to-day by the presence of the Chief
Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. The
opinions which have been rendered by that Court have been, and
will long continue to b e, cited and regarded, in this and other
countries, as among the best legal authorities. Their high standard has been fully maintained during the incumbency of the
present learned Chief Justice.
' A true knight of learning-the world holds him dear,
Love bless him, joy crown him, God speed his career.'
"Gentlemen, I take great pleasure in now ·presenting to you
the Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Honorable Oliver Wendell Holmes."
Mr. Chief Justice Holmes then spoke as follows:
"Mr. President and Gentlemen: Nature has but one judgment
on wrong conduct-if you can call that a judgment which seemingly
has no reference to conduct as such-the judgment of death.
That is the judgment or the consequence which follows uneconomical expenditure if carried far enough. If you waste too much
food you starve; too much fuel, you freeze; too much nerve tissue,
you collapse. And so it might seem that the law of life is the law
of the herd; that man should produce food and raiment in order
that he might produce yet other food and other raiment to the end
of time. Yet who does not rebel at that conclusion? Accepting
the premises, I nevertheless almost am prepared to say that every
joy that gives to life its inspiration consists in an excursion toward
death, although wisely stopping short of its goal. Art, philosophy,
charity, the search for the North Pole, the delirium of every great
moment in man's experience-all alike mean uneconomic expenditure-mean waste-mean a step toward death. The justification of art is not that it offers prizes to those who succeed in the
economic struggle, to those who in an economic sense have produced the most, and that thus by indirection it increases the supply of wine and oil. The justification is in art itself, whatever
its economic effect. It gratifies an appetite which in some noble
spirits is stronger than the appetite for food. The principle might
be pressed even further and be found to furnish art with one of

�6

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

its laws. For it might be said, as I often have said, and as I have
been gratified to find elaborated by that true poet Coventry Patmore, that one of the grounds of resthetic pleasure is waste. I need
not refer to Charles Lamb's well-known comments on the fallacy
that enough is as good as a feast. Who does not know how his
delight has been increased to find some treasure of carving upon
a medireval cathedral hidden in a dark alley,-to see that the artist
has been generous as well as great, and has not confined his best
to the places where it could be seen to most advantage? Who
does not recognize the superior charm of a square-hewed oak
beam over a joist set on edge which would be enough for the work?
To leave art, who does not feel that Nansen's account of his search
for the pole rather loses than gains in ideal satisfaction by the
pretense of a few trifling acquisitions for science? If I wished to
make you smile I might even ask whether life did not gain an
enrichment from neglected opportunities which would be missed
in the snug filling out of every chance.
"But I am not here to press a paradox. I only mean to insist
on the importance of the uneconomic to man as he actually feels
to-day. You may philosophize about the honors of leisure as a
survival; you may, if you like, describe in the same way, as I have
heard them described, the ideals which burn in the center of our
hearts. None the less they are there. They are categorical imperatives, They hold their own against hunger and thirst; they
scorn to be classed as mere indirect supports of our bodily needs,
which rather they defy; and our friends the economists would
do well to take account of them, as some great writers like M.
Tarde would take account of them, if they are to deal with man
as he is.
"No doubt already you have perceived the reason why I have
insisted here upon this double view of life. The special value of a
university is that it moves in the twofold direction of man's desires which I have described. I have listened with interest to able
business men when they argued and testified that a university
training made men fitter to succeed in their practical struggles.
I am far from denying it. No doubt such a training gives men a
large mastery of the laws of nature under which they must work,
a wider outlook over the world of science and of fact. If it could
give to every student a scientific point of view, if education could
make men realize that you cannot produce something out of nothing and make them promptly detect the pretense of doing so with
which at present the talk of every day is filled, I should think it
had more than paid for itself. Still more should I think so if it
could send men into the world with a good rudimentary knowledge

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

7

of the laws of their environment. I cannot believe that anything
else would be so likely to secure prosperity as the universal acceptance of scientific premises in every department of thought .
But besides prosperity there is to bee onsidered happiness , which is
not the same thing. The chance of a university to enlarge men's
power of happiness is at least not less than its chance to enlarge
their capacity for gain. I own that with regard to this , as with
regard to every other aspiration of man, the most important question seems to me to be, what are his inborn qualities?
"Mr. Ruskin's first rule for learning to draw, you will remember,
was, Be born with genius. It is the first rule for everything else.
If a man is adequate in native force, he probably will be happy in
the deepest sense, whatever his fate. But we must not under-value
effort, even if it is the lesser half. And the opening which a university is sure to offer to all the idealizing tendencies-which, I am
not afraid to say, it ought to offer to the romantic side of lifemakes it above all other institutions the conservator of the vestal
fire. Our tastes are finalities, and it has been recognized since the
days of Rome that there is not much use in disputing about them.
If some professor should proclaim that what he wanted was a
strictly economic world, I should see no more use in debating with
him than I do in arguing with those who despise the ideals which
we owe to war. But most men at present are on the university
side. They want to be told stories and to go to the play. They
want to understand and, if they can, to paint pictures and to write
poems, whether the food product is greater in the long run because
of them or not. They want to press philosophy to the uttermost
edge of the articulate, and to try forever after some spiritual ray
outside the spectrum that will bring a message to them from behind phenomena. They love the gallant adventure which yields
no visible return. I think it the glory of that university which I
know best, that under whatever reserves of manner they may
hide it , its graduates have the romantic passion in their hearts.
" But, gentlemen, there is one department of your institution
to which I must be permitted specially to refer-the department
to which I am nearest by profession, and to which I owe the honor
of being here. I mean, of course, the department of law. Let
me say one word about that before I sit down. It was affirmed,
I believe, by a man not without deserved honor in his generationthe late Chief Justice Cooley-that the law was and ought to be
commonplace. No doubt the remark has its truth. It is better
that the law should be commonplace than that it should be eccentric. No doubt, too, in any aspect , it would seem commonplace
to a mind that understood everything. But that is the weakness

�8

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

of all truth. If instead of the joy of eternal pursuit you imagine
yourself to have mastered it as a complete whole, you would find
yourself reduced to the alternative either of finding the remotest
achievement of quaternions or ontology-the whole frame of the
universe, in short-a bore, or of dilating with undying joy over the
proposition that twice two is four. It seems to me that for men
as they are, the law may keep its every-day character and yet be
an object of understanding wonder and a field for the lightning of
genius. One reason why it gives me pleasure to be here to-day
and to express my good wishes for the future and my appreciation
of the past of your law school, is that it is here and in places like
it that such wonder is kindled and that from it may fly the spark
that shall set free in some genius his explosive message. I am not
dealing in generalities. I mean more than good will to a law
school, simply because it is a law school. Indeed, I almost fear
that the intellectual ferment of the better schools may be too
potent an attraction to young men and seduce into the profession
many who would be better elsewhere. But I am thinking of this
law school and no other."
At this point the speaker paid a tribute to the work of the Dean
of the School, and closed by recurring to his original theme in relation to the function of a teacher of law.
"That teaching will satisfy the twofold desire of man; it will
be enlightened with intelligent economic views and give men what
they want to know when they go out to fight; but also it will send
them forth with a pennon as well as with a sword, to keep before
their eyes in the long battle the little flutter that means ideals,
honor, yes, even romance, in all the dull details."
At the close of the address, the procession was once more marshaled, headed by the Presiding Officer and Mr. Chief Justice
Holmes, and passed from the west door of Booth Hall, through the
Library, to the Faculty Room. Here Mr. Chief Justice Holmes
and the various Federal and State Judges who were present (some
fifteen in all) held a reception; and during the remainder of the
evening several hundred alumni and other members of the bar,
together with the students of the School, were presented to the
judges by the presiding officer.

�L IBRARY (WEST AISLF.)

�BOOTH HALL (COURT-ROOM)

�L OWD EN HALL (ASSEMB L Y ROOM)

��v.

DENT AL SCHOOL
CHICAGO
Offers a four years' course leading to the dei;ree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. The
facilities for the practical and theoretical mstruction in the school are unusually
good. The new location is particularly well adapted for the convenience of the
students and instructors. The attendance during the last year was 535. It is the
largest University Dental School in the world.
For further information, address Northwestern University Dental School,
No~hwestern _University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago.

VI.
SCHOOL OF MUSIC
COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON
Offers extensive courses in the practical and theoretical study of Music.and is designed
to prepare students for the profession as composers, theorists, artists, teachers, or
critics. It also makes pro.-iston for the study of Music as a part of general culture
or as an accomplishment. It 6tters three or four year courses leading to an appropriate degree in Music.
For further information, address School of Music, Evanston, Illinois.

VII.
SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY
EVANSfON
The Garrett Biblical Institute, open to all roung men from anr evangelical
church, who are properly recommended as candidates for the Christian ministry,
offers a three years' course arranged for classical graduates of approved colleges,
leading to the degree ol Bachelor of Divinity: also a four years' course open to
college graduates, leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
The Norwegian-Danish Theological Department, established to prepare men
for the ministry among the Norwegian and Danish peol'_le, offers its students an
opportunity to pursue their theological studies in the English, Norwegian, and
Danish languages.
The Swedish Theological Seminary, organized to meet the increasing demands
for educated pastors and missi rnaries among the Swedish population m the United
States, offers a lour years' course in Divinity.
For further inlormation, address the respective schools, Evanston, Illinois.

VIII.
ACADEMY
COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON
Offers a large variety of courses preparatory to colleg-e and practical life. The
proximity of the college department with its many facilities constitutes a great
advantage to the Academy. Young men and women will find here opportunity to
prepare for any college in the country.
For further information, address Northwestern University Academy
Evanston, Illinois.
A second Academy, under the name of Grand Prairie Seminary, Is maintained
by the University at Onarga, Illinois. Special facilities are afforded for J)feparing
for college or technical schools, or other higher mstitutions of learning. The location in a small town makes it possible for the authorities to offer low rates of tuition
and board. An excellent commercial course is also offered in this institution.
For further information, address Grand Prairie Seminary, Onarga, Illinois,

IX.
PRIVILEGES ACCORDED TO WOMEN
Women are admitted to all departments of the University except the Medica
School on substantially the same terms as men.
For further information as to the Residence Halls for Women, address
Dean of Women, Willard Hall, Evanston, Illinois,

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                <text>SERIES   NUMBER 3 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OFi  LAW) FOUNDED 1859 LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NOVEMBER  1902 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO Edmund J. James  A.M.  Ph.D.   President Northwestern University            . Four (Law  Medicine  Dentistry.   Pharmacy) Chicago.       LAW SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers      '     Law          ~   Bachelor   Laws. Special Law.  Chicago Law Institute Library . !· Law                    . Northwestern University Law School Northwestern University Building  Corner   Lake   Dearborn Streets Chicago.NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUI LDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS  FACULTY ROOM. NORTH CORRIDOR. QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF SCHOOL OF LAW. CONTENTS OF No . 3 NOVEMBER  1902. . VIEWS OF THE NEW QUARTERS THE II. DESCRIPTION OF THE INAUGURAL EXERCISES AT THE OPENING OF THE NEW QUARTERS  OCTOBER 20  1902  WITH THE ADDRESS OF HON. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES . Application                 Chicago  Ill.         . DESCRIPTION OF AT THE THE INAUGURAL OPENING OF THE NEW QUARTERS  OCTOBER 20  1902  WITH THE ADDRESS OF THE HON. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES. School Northwestern University Building    Lake   Dearborn Streets                Saturday  October 18th                September 15th  September 24th. A   October                 Inaugural Exercises. All Trustees Faculty        . With School  . Inaugural Exercises         Friday October 3d                    President Roosevelt'      Chicago.   President       June Exercises                 Chicago . Presidential .  Monday  October 20th. (October 19 21)         Installation Ceremonies President James   Universities           Chicago   Evanston Installation.   Honorable Oliver Wendell Holmes  Chief J Supreme Judicial Court   Massachusetts Justice     Supreme Court     United States THE LAW SCHOOL. 3 June             Inaugural Exercises University . Since Booth Hall 300 (2 50    ) Trustees    Federal   State Judges Chicago    Faculty     School    Deans     Departments University    Deans           Chicago President     Chicago Bar Association      Librarian Chicago Law Institute Bar Installation         Universities. To Booth Hall Chicago Bar. Honorable Oliver H. Horton  First Vice President Board   Trustees (    Chairman     Trustees Union College   Law)           Rev. Charles M. Stuart  D.D.        Garrett Biblical Institute . At 6 P. M. Mr. Chief Justice Holmes University Club     Faculty School          President Charles W. Needham LL.D.    Columbian University  Washington  D . C.  Professor Alfred Nerincx  LL.D.      Faculty   Law     University Louvain  Belgium  Professor Frederick Parker Walton  LL.D.  Dean Faculty   Law   McGill University  Montreal  Canada University   Oxford  England    Professor William Hoynes  LL.D.  Dean     Faculty   Law Notre Dame University  Indiana. At 7 45 P. M. Mr. Chief Justice Holmes Dean'                Reception Committee Hon. Henry S. Boutell  Hon. James R . Mann Hon. George E. Foss     Congress   Chicago School            Trustee University. At         Judges Trustees     University Faculty     School.        Faculty Room. Meanwhile Booth Hall  Mr. McKinney  '03  Mr. McAuley  '04    Mr. Dewes '05       Marshals. At 8 P. M.           Faculty Room  4 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Assembly Room (Lowden Hall)     Judges       Hon. James Jenkins          Federal Circuit Court   Appeals Hon. Peter S. Grosscup        Court       Dean School    Trustees    H. H . C. Miller  Esq.  Second Vice President     Board    Henry S. Towle  Esq.  Chairman Law Committee      Faculty    Harvey B . Hurd  LL.D. .     Assembly Room  Hon. Frank Orren Lowden  '87  President     Alumni Association Mr. Chief Justice Holmes .  Lowden Hall               . After Booth Hall Library. Booth Hall            Mr. Chief Justice Holmes Presiding Officer    Chaplain  Professor Hurd Dean     School Trustees    Faculty Hall . Chaplain            Dean School       Presiding Officer "Mr. President Board   Trustees  . Forty School. Destiny  . ." Presiding Officer "Mr. Dean                  Trustees Northwest   University Faculty     Law School         .    . Did  Hon. Thomas Hoyne  LL.D. Hon. Henry Booth  LL.D .  . THE LAW SCHOOL. 5 University. . We  . Gentlemen     Bench       Bar  Alumni Trustees     University  School . "We                     Chief Justice     Supreme Judicial Court   Massachusetts. Court  . Their  Chief Justice. ' A Love             God      .' "Gentlemen              · Chief Justice     Supreme Judicial Court     Commonwealth Massachusetts    Honorable Oliver Wendell Holmes." Mr. Chief Justice Holmes "Mr. President   Gentlemen  Nature  .  .  . And   . Yet              ? Accepting   . Art North Pole ' .    . . .  6 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Coventry Patmore . Charles Lamb.  Nansen'  ?   . "                 .  .   . None          . They They   M. Tarde . "No . ' .  . . No  .     . Still  THE LAW SCHOOL. 7 .  .  .                '  .  ? "Mr. Ruskin' Be      .                .  . . And    . Our Rome                    .    . . They                      . They   . They   . They .  . "   .                  . Let .  Chief Justice Cooley . No            . . No . 8 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. .     .   . One    . . . Indeed   . ." At                         Dean School . "     ." At Presiding Officer   Mr. Chief Justice Holmes                Booth Hall Library      Faculty Room. Here Mr. Chief Justice Holmes Federal   State Judges       ( )  School . LIBRARY (WEST AISLE) BOOTH HALL (COURT ROOM) LOWDEN HALL (ASSEMBLY ROOM) </text>
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                    <text>SERIES II

NUMBER

MAY, 1903

1

NORTHWESTERN
UNIVERSITY
EVANSTON-CHICAGO

BULLETIN
OF THR

SCHOOL OF LAW
(UNION COLLEGE OF LAW)
FOUNDED 1859

OFFICE OF PUBLICATION
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING
LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO

MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS

PUBLISHED

QUARTERLY BY

NORTHWESTERN

UNIVERSITY

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

EVANSTON-CHICAGO
;Edmund J, James , A.M. , Ph.D. , President
Northwestern University consists of seven departments or schools. Four'of
these (Law, Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy) are located in or near the center .
of the city of Chicago. The other three (College of Liberal Arts, Music, and the
Academy), are situated in Evanston, the most beautiful suburb of Chicago, imme·
dialely adjoining the city on the north.
The College Campus is located directly on the shore of Lake Michigan about
three miles north of the city limits.
For general information relating to the University as a whole, general catalogues, etc., address University Hall, Northwestern University, Evanston,
Illinois,

I.
THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS

COLLEGE CAMPUS , EVANSTON
Offers a four years' course leading to Bachelor's degree in Languages and Litera·
lure (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Latin, Greek, Hebrew); Mathematics (college and advanced); Science (Astronomy, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry,
Physics, Mineralogy, Geology); History (ancient, medireval, and modern); Philosophy, Psychology, Pedagogy, Economics and Politics, and Sociology, and other
subiects appropnate to a modern college.
Numerous graduate courses are also offered leading to the degree ot A.M., and
in a few subjects to that of Ph.D.
Special advantages are offered to the graduates of this college in the professional schools of the University.
For further information, address College of Liberal Arts, Evanston, Illinois,

II.

MEDICAL SCHOOL

CHICAGO
Offers a four years' course leading to the degree of Doctor of Medicine. The hospital and clinical facilities are especially good. This school was the first in the
United States to take three important steps in Medical education: the enforcement
of the standard of preliminary educat10n, adoption of longer annual courses, and the
graded curricul um.
State!'. ranks fourth in aitendance among University Medical Schools in the lJnited
2421

For further information, address Northwestern University Medical •School,
Dearborn Street, Chicago,

III.
LAW SCHOOL

CHICAGO
Offers a three years' course in Law leading to the degree of Bachelor of Laws,
S_pecial facilities are proYided for a thorough preparation in the practical as well as
theoretical aspects of the Law. The library is adequate to all the ordinary needs of
the student, including over ten thousand volumes, while the proximity of the
Chicago Law Institute Library provides an. additional collection of nearly forty
thousand which the students are at liberty to use. The students come from alJ parts
of the country, and the courses are arranged with a view to giving them that knowledge of Law which will be indispensable to them wherever they may practice.&amp;'. - . ,
For further information, address Northwestern University Law School,

Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago,

IV.
SCHOOL OF PHARMACY

CHICAGO
Offers courses leading to the del(ree of Graduate in Pharmacy and that of Pharmaceutical Chemist. The course mcludes instruction in general Chemistry, Chemical
· Analysis Pharmacy, Botany, Microscopy, Pharmacognosy, Dispensing, and Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, including Drug Assaying, Bacteriology'pand
Sanitary Analysis, It ranks first m attendance among University Schools of harmacy in this country.
For further information, address Northwestern University School of Phar•
macy, Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets ,
Chicago.

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING.
LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS.

�ENTRANCE NORTHWESTEl{N UN!VERS[TY BUILDING.

�LI BRARY ( WEST AISLE ).

�;:;

0
0

�QUARTERLY B ULLETIN OF THE
SCHOOL O F LAW.
CONTENTS OF NO. r- MA Y, 1903.
PAGE

Views of Northwestern University Building and
Views of Law School Rooms -

- Frontispiece

Calendar of Session for 1903---04 -

2

Revised List of Faculty for 1903

3

Revised List of Courses for 1903
Address on Corporation By-Laws, by Louis Boisot,

Jr. -

-

5
15

List of Students for 1903

26

Description of the New Quarters of the School

33

Revised List of Alumni Secretaries for 1903

38

Rules for Admission to the Bar of Illinois

41

Entered at the post-office at Chicago, lll. , as second-class matter.

�CALENDAR.
1903-

September 21, Monday,
September 22, Tuesday,
September
September
November
December

23,
24,

26,
19,

1904.

Wednesday,
Thursday,
Thursday,
Saturday,

January, 4,

Monday,

January 28,
February ,,
February 6,
February 8,
February 12,
May 22,
May 27,
June 17,

Thursday,
Monday,
Saturday,
Monday;
Friday,
Saturday,
Thursday,
Thursday,

Registration Day for New Students.
Registration Day for Applicants for
Advanced Standing.
Registration Day for Other Students.
Lectures Begin.
Thanksgiving Recess.
Lectures Close for Christmas Recess .
Christmas Recess Ends,
Begin.
Lectures Close.
Examinations Begin.
First Semester Ends.
Second Semester Begins.
Lincoln's Birthday.
Lectures Close.
Examinations Begin.
Commencement.

2

Lectures

�REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY
FOR 1903.*
EDMUND JANES JAMES, Ph.D., LL. D.
President of the University.
JOHN HENRY WIGMORE,

(A . M., LL. B ., Harvard University)

Professor of Law and Dean of the Faculty.
HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD,
(LL. D., Northwestern University)

Emeritus Professor of Law.

NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS.

(A. M ., Amherst College; LL. D. , Northwestern University)

Professor in tlie Law of Procedure and Practice.
CHARLE'S CHENEY HYDE,

(A. M .. Yale University; LL. B., Harvard University)

Assistant Professor o.f Law.

ALBERT MARTI

KALES,

(A. B., LL. B .. Harvard University)

Assistant Professor of Law.

SAMUEL ADAMS,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL.B., Northwestern University)

Professor in tlze Law of Procedure and Practz'ce.

JOHN HE 1 RY SHELDON LEE,

(A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Assistant Professor in tlze Law of Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE,
(A. B. , Amherst College; LL. B., Northwestern Univers ity)

Assistant Professor of Law.
HENRY SCHOFIELD,

(A. M., LL. B. , H arvard University)

Professor of Law.

LOUIS MAY GREELEY,
(A B., Harvard University)

Professor in the Law of Conveyancing.
WILLIAM MEADE FLETCHER,
(L L . B., University of Virginia)

Professor in the Law of Equity Pleading and Practz'ce.

• Arranged. with the exception of President and Dean, within each group in
t he order of seniority of appointment.

3

�4

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

LEVI HARPER FULLER,

(B. S., Upper Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State University)

Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice.
FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD,

(A. M., Dickinson College; LL. M., Cornell University)

Professor of Law.

CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patents.
WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Professor in the Law of Patent Practice.
OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT,
{LL. B., Northwestern University)

Assoc£ate Professor in the Law of Patents.

LESTER LE GRAND BOND,
Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright.
HON. PETER STENGER GROSSCUP,

(A. M., Wittenberg College; LL. B .. Boston University; LL. D., Knox and
Wittenberg Colleges; Judge of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals)

Lecturer on International Law.

LOUIS LEE DENT,

(A. B., Harvard University; Missouri University}

Lecturer on Mortgages and on Genera Practice.
CHARLES BYRD ELDER,

(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Extraordinary Legal Remedies and on Judgments.
MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE,

(A. B., Harvard Universi_!y; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Legal l:!,lhics.
HENRY CLAY HALL,

( B. S., Wabash College; LL. B., Northwestern University)

Lecturer on Insurance.

FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY,
(LL. B., Northwestern University)

Secretary of the Law School and of tlie Faculty.

�REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION
FOR 1903.
FIRST YEAR.
FIRST TERM.
Contracts - Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on Contracts.
Professor WOODWARD.
Torts - Three hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts.
Professor WrGMORE.
Property (J) - Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. I, II. (Personal property; tenures and estates in real property ;
fixtures, profits, easements, covenants running with land, rents.)
Professor KALES.
Common Law Pleading and Procedure - Two hours a week.
Ames' Cases on Pleading; Andrews' Stephen on Pleading.
Professor ADAMS.
Crimes and Criminal Procedure - Two hours a week. Beale's
Cases on Criminal Law.
Professor LEE.
SECOND TERM.
Contracts (continued)-Th ree hours a week.
Professor WOODWARD.
Toi-ts (continued)-Two hours a week.
Professor WIGMORE.
Property (I) ( continued) -Two hours a week.
Professor KALES.
Common Law Pleading and Procedure (continued) - One hour
a week. Lectures and practical exercises.
Professor ADAMS.
Master and Serv ant in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Agency.
Professor W1GMORE.
Damages - One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
SECOND YEAR.
FIRST TERM.
Evidence-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Evidence,
2d edition.
Professor WIGMORE.
Trusts - Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts.
Professor WOODWARD.
Af[ency - Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency.
Professor LITTLE.

5

�6

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Commercial Paper-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Bills
and Notes.
Professor HYDE.
Equity ( I) - Torts. Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on
Equity, Vol. I.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Property ( II)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property,
Vols. III, IV. (Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including
deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including
descent, wills, administration, etc.)
Professor KALES.
Equity Pleading and Procedure -Two hours a week. Fletcher
on Equity Pleading; and practical exercises.
Professor FLETCHER.
Persons (Domestic Relat£ons)-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases
on Persons.
Professor KALES.
Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto,
Habeas Corpus, etc.)- One hour a week.
Mr. ELDER.
SECOND TERM.

Evidence (continued) - Two hours a week.
Professor WIG MORE.
Property (Ii) (continued) - Two hours a week.
Professor KALES.
Equity (II)- Specific Performance, etc. Three hours a week.
Keener's Cases on Equity, Vol. II.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
[ Given in 1()03-1()04 and alternate years.]
Equity (III) - Sundry Topics. Three hours a week. Keener's
Cases on Equity, Vol. III.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
[ Omitted in 1903-1()04 and alternate years.]
Bankruptcy - Two hours a week. Williston's Cases on Bankruptcy.
Professor WOODWARD.
Quasi-Contracts-Two hours a week. Keener's Cases on QuasiContracts.
Professor WOODWARD.
Sales of Personalty - Two hours a week. Williston's Cases on
Professor WOODWARD.
Sales.
Carriers - Three hours a week . McClain's Cases on Carriers;
Beale's Cases on Carriers.
Professor HYDE.
[Omitted in 1()03-1904 and alternate years.]
Admiralty and Marine Insitrance - Three hours a week.
Professor HYDE.
[ Given in 1903- 1904 and alternate years.]
Judgments and Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachment, Garnishment, Execution, etc.) - One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments.
Mr. ELDER.
Insurance (Fire and Life ) -Two hours a week. Wambaugh's
Cases on Insurance.
Mr. HALL.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

7

THIRD YEAR.
FIRST TERM.
Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Corporations.
Professor LITTLE.
Procedure and Practice in Illinois - Two hours a week.
Professor SEARS.
International Law (/)-Two hours a week. Scott's Cases on
International Law.
Professor HYDE.
Suretyshij) - Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Suretyship.
Professor LITTLE.
Constitutional Law-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on
Constitutional Law.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Jurisdictz"on of Federal Courts-One hour a week.
Professor SCHOFIELD.
Property (III)-Tw,o hours a week. Gray ' s Cases on Property,
Vols. V, VI. (Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and
election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.)
Professor KALES.
Conveyancing-One hour a week. Drafting exercises, study of
selected abstracts, and lectures on practice.
Professor GREELEY.
Conflict of Laws - Two hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict
Professor HYDE.
of Laws.
JJ1'ortgages - Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages.
Mr. DENT.
Code Pleading and Procedure - One hour a week. Cases on
Code Pleading.
Professor WOODWARD.
Practice Court - Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes
prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students
as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as
judge.
Professor FULLER.
* Patents of Invention (I) -General survey. Five lectures.
Professor LINTHICUM.
Parts II and Ill will not be given, unless at least twenty special
students apply for them before October 15.
(//) - Patent Soliciting. Twenty lectures, with practical
exercises.
Professor DYRENFORTH.
(Ill ) - Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures.
Professor BARNETT.
*These three form a single course; the first part is open to all students: the
second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years, and to
special students , but cannot be taken separately . The number of lectures is equivalent to two hours a week through the year, and work in the course will therefore be
credited as lour term hours.

�8

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.
SECOND TERM.

Corporations (continued) -Two hours a week.

Professor LITTLE.

Procedure and Practice in Illinois (continued)- Two hours a week.
Professor SEARS.

Constt'tutional Law (continued)-Two hours a week.

Professor SCHOFIELD.

Conveyancing (continued)-One hour a week.

Professor GREELEY.

Conflict of Laws (continued) - Two hours a week.

Professor HYDE.

Practt'ce Court ( continued)-Two hours a week, at a single

session.

Professor FULLER.

Patents of Invention (continued).
Professor BARNETT.
Property (III) (continued) -Two hours a week.
·

Professor KALES.

International Law (II)-American Treaties and Diplomacy;

topics for research.

Two hours a week.

Professor HYDE.

Municipal Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on

Municipal Corporations.
PartnersldjJ-Two hours a week.

Professor SCHOFIELD.
Ames' Cases on Partnership.
Professor LITTLE.

The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and eleven, the equivalent of nearly fifty-six
hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three year-groups, no first-year student
may take courses in the second or third year-groups without special
permission; and no second year student may take courses in the thirdyear group (except Constitutional Law and Patents of Invention)
without special permission ; and a third-year student taking the
courses of Conveyancing and Property Ill must already have taken
the courses of Property I and II. But any regular student may take
any course offered in the group of the year for which he is entered, or
any course not al ready taken by him in a preceding year.
COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE.
Trade-Marks and Copyrights - Six lectures.
Mr. BOND.
General Review - Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in
September and April, prior to the State examination for admission
to the bar.
Mr. DENT .
.International Law and Policy - One or more lectures.
Judge GROSSCUP.
Legal Ethics-Five lectures.
Mr. FOLLANSBEE.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

9

SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING
AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.
In addition to the systematic instruction in the body of the law, as
represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is .made to provide
adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing and
speaking, which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer.
The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows:
I. Pleadings - In the courses on Common Law Pleading, Code
Pleading, and Equity Pleading, in addition to the systematic course
of study, the student is given exercises in the drafting of the various
kinds of pleadings.
2. Conveyancing - In the course on conveyancing the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title,
some twenty-five in all, representing the greatest variety of docu ments and proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy
of each abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the
class, and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form
and substan~e from the conveyancer's point of view. Thorough
work in this course ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of his entering upon his profession. No one
may take this course who has not already taken the courses Property I and II.
3. Practice Court- In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the
rules of law. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the
third-year students to become practically familiar with these rules
by the personal application of them in litigation managed by the
student himself. The Court's sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three
cases are tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects. In the mean time, between the sessions,
numbers of causes are being prepared and advanced from stage
to stage by the student-attorneys in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched, at the hearings, by the respective attorneys,
all other members of the class are required to attend and make
notes and reports of the work being done, so that each one obtains
some benefit also from what is done in his presence by others.
A faithful observance of the work of this course ought to give the
graduate such an experience in using his legal knowledge as will
assist him materially to start in his profession with greater readiness
and practical facility. The systematic pursuit of such work und.e r
an experienced instructor obtains for the student the same results

�IO

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

as a period of desultory service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and accurate in quality. A copy
of the printed Rules of the Practice Court will be mailed to any
one upon request.
4. Legal Tactics - In 1902-1903, on every Monday evening until
April, an address was given, by some well-known member of the
Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he had had special experience, and in which the communication of personal experience was
of special value as a guide to others. This course was of particular
value to young practitioners already at the Bar, and will be repeated
in 1903- 1904, with some variations. The BULLETIN for February, 1903,
contained two of these addresses, selected as typical; the current
number contains a third.
5. Public Speaking - The function of a lawyer, as the persuasive
adviser and leader of men, needs for its development some training
in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings,
and the like. Such a course of training was offered in 1902- 1903,
in the following three parts :
(a) Argument and Debate. An exercise of two hours once in
two weeks through the first term, conducted by Professor J. Scott
Clark, of the College of Liberal Arts.
(b) Voice Training. An exercise of one hour once a week through
the first term, in a class of two sections, meeting altern ately, conducted
by Mr. Dennis, of the Cumnock School of Oratory.
(c) Parliamentary Practice. An exercise of one hour, once a week
through the first term, conducted by Professor Joseph W. Robert,
of the Robert School of Parliamentary Law.
This course in Public Speaking will be open to all students.
The Towle Prizes are open only to students who take the course
in Public Speaking.
6. Thesis - It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original
research by students, Any member of the third-year class may
therefore obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours
by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved
by a member of the Faculty before December 1st. The thesis must
be presented on or before May 15th of the year in which the student
expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work should
be begun not later than December. The Lee prize is awarded for
the best thesis.
7. Moot Courts and Briefs - For the purpose of training students
in .the independent investigation of legal questions, and in the preparations of briefs, Moot Courts are held weekly from October to April.
Each member of the second-year class is required to take part as coun-

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

I I

sel at least three times, and to sit as judge in other cases. The Courts
are cond.ucted by means of clubs, which select their own members.
A professor presides at each session. Credit for one term hour
is given for work satisfactorily done therein.
TUITION FEES.
The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and five dollar
a year, payable in three installments of thirty-five dollars each, October
1st, January roth, and April 1st. A rebate of five dollars is allowed
to students who pay the entire tuition in advance on October 1st.
Special students are charged at the rate of five dollars for each
hour of class-room work for a half year. The fee for the course
in Patent Law is twenty-five dollars.
PRIZES.
The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of Sroo, and a second prize of
$50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the Law
School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded to the
members of the class of Professors Robert and Dennis, who shall, in
public competition at the completion of the course in public speaking, be adjudged most proficient in the work of the course.
In the event of more than thirty candidates entering the preliminary competition a third prize will probably be offered.
These prizes are open only to those who take the course of training under Professors Robert and Dennis.
In 1902-1903 the Towle Prize was awarded t0 Amos Strickland, of
the first year class.
2. The Lee Prize.-A prize of fifty dollars, the gift of Blewett
Lee, Esq., formerly professor in the School, will be awarded in
1902-1903, to that member of the graduating class who presents the
best thesis; but the Faculty reserve the right not to award this prize
if no thesis should be presented having sufficient merit to justify this
distinction.
3. The Callaghan Prize.-A pri ze of fifty dollars in books, to be
selected from their own publications, the gift of Messrs. Callaghan
and Company, of Chicago, will be awarded annually to the member
of the graduating class having the best record in scholarship for the
entire course.
In 1902 the Callaghan Prize was awarded to Charles Yoe Freeman, A.B., of Chicago.
I.

REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION.

Persons applying for admission as regular students must
answer the following requirements:

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

12

Age-They must be not less than eighteen years of ~ge.
Preliminary Education-A candidate for a degree must have
a preliminary general education equivalent to that of a graduate of a
high school. For the proof of such education required, see page 42.
3. Time of Entrance- No applicant not coming from another
law school will be admitted to the first-year class after the second
week in January, for the reason that the courses of study are carefully
graded, and an acquaintance with earlier courses is necessary for the
pursuit of the later ones. Those who do not enter by the beginning
of January cannot work with profit to themselves, and are a hindrance
to the progress of others. All students intending to enter the school
are strongly urged to do so at the beginning of the year. The disadvantage of delay is great, especially to students who intend to
practice law in Illinois.
1.

2.

ADVANCED STANDING.

The requirements in regard to advanced standing are
explained under the title "Degrees."
•
SPECIAL STUDENTS.

Persons not desiring to be candidates for a degree may
pursue one or more courses as special students, provided they
are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage. They will
receive a certificate of all work done, and they may at any
time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they are qualified under the above requirements. No special student may
take more than twenty-five term-hours of work in one year
without special permission from the Dean.
DEGREES.

All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this occasion all candidates for degrees are
required to present themselves in person, the Oxford cap and
gown being worn as the official dress.
I.

BACHELOR OF LAWS.

The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by the
Trustees of the University upon students who 'are recommended therefor by the Faculty of the School. Such students
will be recommended as, in the judgment of the Faculty,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

are of fit charact!'!r and have complied with the following
requirements:
I. Attendance - Regular attendance for three years is required
of all students with the following exceptions:
I. Students who have studied law for one year, either in a
college, a law school, or an attorney's office,* may obtain a degree
in two years; but students who are admitted to advanced standing
because of studies pursued in an attorney's office must pass all of the
, examinations in the work of the first year in this school before applying for a degree.
2. Students who have satisfactorily completed two years' study in
a law school in good standing may obtain a degree in one year.
3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study
in a law school in good standing, and who have also studied law for
one year either in a college, a law school, or an attorney's office,*
may become candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special
permission from the Dean.
II. Registration-Candidates for a degree must register for work
amounting to at least ten hours a week for each year.
III. Course of Study - All candidates for a degree must pass examinations in courses amounting to sixty term-hours (the equivalent
of courses of study of ten hours a week for three years); provided
that in reckoning the required number of term-hours required for
graduation there must be included at least ten hours of work in each
term of the third year. But persons who have satisfactorily completed a two-years' course of study in a law school in good standing
will be excused from one-half of the examinations above required .
Persons who have satisfactorily completed less than two years'
study of law in a college or law school in good standing, may be
given credit for this work and be excused from these examinations
to such extent as shall be determined in each case by the Dean.
The specific subjects in which such credit may be given will be
determined by the Secretary at the time of admission.
Four grades are given for work done. The grades are as follows :
A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure . A student
may not count a course in which he obtains grade C, except he obtain
grade A in another course or courses of equivalent amount; and
except that he may count courses in which he obtains grade C to the
extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be done by him in
this School for graduation.

* Beginning w ith 1904, no allowance will be made for study in an
attorney's office,

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY .
II.

MASTER'S DEGREE.

The Master's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters will be conferred under the following conditions:
A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements for the
Bachelor's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters are
equivalent to the requirements for the same degree at this
University, may obtain the Master's degree at the same time ,
with the degree of Bachelor of Laws by pursuing, with the
sanction of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, advanced work iu
subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit in
such work to the amount of twelve semester-hours; and by
presenting a thesis on an approved topic. The courses of
study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal subjects; but
courses of legal study, in order to count for the degree, must
be (a) of an advanced nature; (b) not otherwise counted for
the degree of Bachelor of Laws; (c) pursued under the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law School. Students
in law, intending to become candidates for the Master's de gree, must register for the same in the College of Liberal
Arts and in the Law School on or before the first Monday
in October of the year in which they expect to graduate,
and must pay the diploma fee of ten dollars. The Master's
degree is open upon the same terms tb graduates of the Law
School who register before the October next following the
completion of their professional course.
The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty
of Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for the Master's degree : Constitutional Law, International Law, Administrative Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Legal History.
SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS.

Six assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually.
These receive free tuition in compensation fo~ their services.
Applications for appointment should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School.

�CORPORATION BY-LAWS.*
Corporation by-laws may be briefly defined as the regulations,
ordinances, and rules adopted by a corporation for its own government. This is the American definition of the word. Ih the English
reports it means what we term municipal ordinances. You must
be careful in your studies to remember this meaning as used in
the English cases.
To-night I am speaking from the American point of view.
Jt is an inherent right in every corporation to enact by-laws.
Blackstone says that that right goes back to the Roman law and
the Twelve Tables. Usually in the statutes regarding corporations
it is provided that the corporation may pass by-laws. But without
that the corporation has an inherent right to enact by-laws, whether
it is so specified in the charter or not.
In this State it may enact by-laws not inconsistent with the laws
of the State, and this is the right given generally in any case. This
right is the right to enact reasonable by-laws.
Some corporations have what they call a constitution. It is not
ex~ctly a charter, and in the opinion of the corporations is regarded
as somewhat more safe than by-laws. Really, however, this is nothing more than by-laws, under another name. The charter is really
the constitution of the corporation. Anything provided after that
is in effect nothing more nor less than a code of by-laws. Therefore
such constitutions as that of the Royal Arcanum are really by-laws,
not a constitution as named.
By-laws may be distinguished from municipal ordinances, because
the latter are binding upon eve rybody within the municipality, regardless of who they are, while the corporation by-laws are binding only
by consent, that is, upon those who by express or implied consent
have agreed to them. They are of permanent use for the regulation of the corporate affairs. For example, a street car company
adopts a code for the regulation of the conduct of its drivers and
motormen. These rules are not by-laws for the direction of the
company itself.
It is not essential that a corporation should have by-laws. At the
same time it is important that they should have. Many small corporations are organized without them, but sooner or later they are
apt to get into trouble. An illustration occurred in my practice
• An address delivered in the course on Legal Tactics, Monday evening,
October 13, 1902.

15

�16

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

some years ago. It was the case of a man who had a private business which he incorporated, made himself and two cle rks the three
directors, and sta rted in doing business as a corporation without
by-laws. Things went along for a yea r or two, business began to
lose, and he found that it was not profitable, and wanted to sell
it. He had nothing left but his stock of goods. He was not the
corporation, and could not sell the entire corporation himself, the
clerks had gone, he had no board of directors, and he was thoroughly
helpless. Had he had by-laws, he might have called the directors
together, filled vacancies, and given a uthority to se ll. H e sold at a
very great sacrifice because of the cloud upon the titl e which he
conveyed. This illustrates the difficulty of a corporation without
by-laws. It is in a very helpless and unsafe condition.
There are a good many matte rs in the Illinois sta tutes which
should be regulated by by-laws. Directors should be provided
for by the by-laws; vaca ncies in the directors should be filled in
a ccordance with the by-laws. If you have no by-laws you have
no way of doing these things.
The adoption of by-laws is the next point I wish to speak of.
They are ordinarily in writing. Some old English cases show that
th ey ma y be in custom, not in writing. This may be tru e, but it
is very rare at the present day, for to-day most corporations have
their by-laws in writing. Certainly they ought to be in writing.
Some statutes provide that they shall be under seal. This is not
the law in Illinois. Sometimes it is required that they be record ed.
Ordinarily under most statues it is sufficient, if the corporation adopt
by-laws, to place them on the minutes. This is the natural place
for them.
The next question is, who should adopt them. In the absence
of statutory or charter provision, they must be adopted by the members of the corporation, the stockholders. But in some States, as in
Illinois, it is provided that they shall be adopted by th e directors.
In Colorado they may be by the directors, but if not, then by the
corporation. So the first thing to find out is what body passes the
by-laws. If the right is given to the directors, then the stockholders
have no right to do it. However, the law looks at the essential
instead of the external; and where the same persons are both directors and stockholders, and they meet and adopt by-Jaws, they will
be held valid and binding by-laws, although they misnamed themselves. This has occurred in two cases where they were held good.
In the same way where the directors were present at a stockholders' meeting, and agreed to them, that was held good where th e
right to pass them rested with the directors. There are two exceptions in this State to the rule of the directors passing the by-laws.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
These exceptions are railroad corporations and building and loan
associations. These must be adopted by the corporations themselves, and they must be recorded.
It has been held, moreover, that by-laws may be adopted by ratification. A case arises sometimes like this, where a savings bank
has printed in its pass-book a code of by-laws which they never
have formally adopted, but they have acted on them and represented them as the by - laws, and they will be held to be their
by-laws by ratification. The proper way, however, is to put them
in the minutes.
The directors or stockholders may adopt by-laws at any regular
meeting, and a quorum only is necessary. The entire corporation
need not be present. The general rule is, as you are aware, that
corporations can perform a corporate act only in the State in which
they are chartered. Adoption of by-laws is a corporate act, so that
the by-laws cannot be adopted outside of the State. This is important to remember to-day, because in many cases corporations are
being chartered under the laws of other States than our own, especially
in New Jersey. I know of one case where an Illinois corporation
adopted by-laws in ew York, and they were held to be not good.
The next question is that of the subject matter of by-laws. There
are four general rules in regard to the subject matter of by-laws.
First, they must conform to the law. Second, they must conform
to the charter. Third, they must be reasonable. Fourth, they must
be germane to the object for which the corporation is organized.
Taking them up in order, they must first conform to the law,
not only the law of the State in which it is organized, but also the
common law, the law of the United States; and, so far as it affects
the corporation, the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the state. A by-law taking away property without due
process of law would be unconstitutional.
Second, they must conform• to the charter. This is to the corporation what the Constitution is to the State, and the by-laws are
similar to the statues. So, therefore, the by-laws must obey the
charter. There is one exception to the rule, however, and that
is where the charter, which is ordinarily drawn by the corporators
themselves, and frequently contains illegal provisions. In this case
they must bow to the law of the State.
Third, they must be reasonable. In that respect the same rule
applies that applies to ordinances of municipalities. They must
be reasonable, or they are not bindi11g upon the members of the
corporation. This is really a provision of the common law, and
there are a great many cases in the books as to what are unreasonable by-laws. It is impossible to lay down any general rule

�r8

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Sometimes the same by-law is reasonable in one jurisdiction and
unreasonable in another. One queer case is that of a by-law providing for treating the members of the corporation to dinner at the
expense of the officers, and that was held void.
Special provisions of the by-laws. Of course the attorney drawing the by-laws will first go through the statute book and see every
reference made to the by-laws in the statutes, and take care that
his by-laws do cover all these points. You will not find in Illinois
that these provisions are grouped together in one place. They are
scattered around and are pretty well hidden away. You must look
well for all of them. One of the most important provisions treated
in the by-laws is the question of stockholders' meetings. These must
be held, and the by-laws should provide when they should be held,
giving a time, place, and provision for notice, unless the statute
does it. When the statute does this then of course the by - -l aws
need not; but if they do then they must only repeat the statute,
except that they may give longer notice, but not less than the
statute provides.
Provisions for general meetings and special meetings; how these
may be called. This is provided for by statute in this State. The
by-laws might provide that a smaller number of stockholders should
call a meeting, or that the president may call. In drawing the
by-laws you must of course consult your client's wishes in the matter. When by- laws provide that a meeting shall be held upon
a certain day of the month, it is always well to put in a provision
that if the day mentioned falls upon Sunday the meeting may occur
upon the succeeding day.
In drawing by-laws for a corporation, where it is a small one, you
must remember that they won't have an attorney at each meeting,
so the by-laws must be clear and easily understood. You may not
be there to explain them to the directors or stockholders.
Then at these stockholders' meetings not all of the stock will
be present, consequently the by- laws should provide what shall
constitute a quorum. At common law a majority was not essential.
The common law provision was that stockholders may allow at an
election those who have a right to vote, and a quorum is not a particular number. But to-day _it is usually provided that a certain
number shall constitute a quorum, and in many cases a majority
is required to make a quorum. It might be wise in some cases
to make it larger. I would advise you not to make it too high,
because you may find when the time comes that it is hard to get
a large number present. Ordinarily a majority is sufficient.
As to absent members. The right of voting by proxy is usually
given. Originally there was a little doubt as to the right to vote

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
by proxy; but to-day it is settled, by decision in Illinois certainly,
that the members may vote by proxy. To avoid uncertainty, however,
the by-laws should provide how the proxy shall be given. It should
be in writing, or it may be required to be under seal; but at any
rate it should be provided just how this should be done .
Very often the by-laws provide for an order of business at stockholders' meetings, so that there should be no doubt what shall be
done and how it shall be done. This operates to prevent the omission of any important matter.
As to the directors. · The by-laws sometimes make provision for
the number of directors. It is unnecessary, however, to do this in
Illinois, because the number of directors in this State is fixed by the
charter. This is true in most States. Where the charter does not
so provide the by-laws should provide for this, and the term of office
and the manner of electing.
As to filling vacancies. Our statute provides that it shall be done
according to the by-laws. It is important therefore that this should
be provided for by the by-laws, or there would be no way whatever
of filling the vacancy. This may be done in various ways; but some
provision, at any rate, should be put in.
General qualifications of directors. In this State and in many
others the directors need not be stockholders; but it certainly is
much better that they should be. It is a common error in this
State to think that a director must be a stockholder. Certainly it
is a very wise provision that he should be, and it should be put
into the by-laws. If you wish your directors to have a salary that
should be put into the by-laws by a proper provision. In most
small corporations they generally have no salary; in large ones
in many cases they receive five dollars or ten dollars for every
meeting they attend. If you wish to make such an allowance, provision should be made in the by-laws.
Provision for meetings of the directors should be made in the
by-laws. In many cases of small corporations, where they do not
care to have the bother of frequent meetings, they have them once
in six months. But this is a mistake. There should be a meeting
once a month; for it will do no harm if they do get together
certainly every month; but if yciu should have some really important business coming up, the directors won't have to wait five or six
months. or in the cases of some corporations having yearly meetings of the directors, eight or nine months or more. Of course in
such a case the thing to do would be to call a special meeting,
and this again is another important thing to be provided for in the
by-laws. Provision should be made as to how such a meeting can
be called, and what notice must be given.

�20

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

The by-laws should provide what constitutes a quorum of the
directors. In the absence of a provision in the by-laws a majority
is a quorum. New York allows a smaller number than a majority
to constitute a quorum. It is better, however, to have it in the
by-laws. There should also be a provision for an order of business for the director's meetings, so as to have some means of carrying along the business in an orderly fashion.
Officers of a corporation and their duties should be fixed by the
by-laws: It is a good plan not to have too many officers in the
case of a small corporation; but the nature of the corporation determines that in most cases. The ordinary officers are the president,
vice-president, secretary and treasurer, and possibly a general manager. In many cases the latter is an employee, not an officer. This
depends upon the individual case, however. You may wish to have
the officers all directors or stockholders. In order to make this
arrangement you should put it into your by-laws so that th ere may
be no dispute. Sometimes one man may not hold two offices. If that
is to be the policy of your company there should be put into the
by-laws a provision to that effect.
This settles any dispute that
might be.
The most important office in the corporation is of course that
of the president, and he has very large powers, and the powers
are very different in different kinds of corporations. In enumerating these powers I would caution you not to put in too many
details. Where your officers are well known it would be better
simply to say that those officers shall perform the duties ordinarily
devolving upon officers of that name. But if you wish to enume rate, be sure to put in every power you wish them to assume, for by
enumerating some and omitting others you may deprive them of some
powers you wish them to exercise.
In a case where the president really owns the corporation, ow ns
a very large part of the stock, then it would be well to give him
very large powers, providing that in the absence of a meeting of the
directors he may take such action as he sees fit. But in a case
where the president was, say, a promoter, and the money was put
in by others, then in such a case it would be better that he have
very limited powers. Take the question of borrowing money. If he
is the chief stockholder, then he might naturally have the right to
borrow money without the authority of the directors. But in a different sort of a corporation it might be better that he should not borrow money at all without authority, or only certain sums, and not
to exceed them.
It would be a wise provision of the by-laws that the treasurer
should give bonds. But these matters are all matters of detail to be

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

21

settled by your clients in each case. As to the bonds, you might say
that the officers shall give bonds as required by the directors.
The term of office of the directors must be regulated by the bylaws. You must provide for this in your by-laws in this State.
The question of stock is regulated by the by-laws. The amount is
fixed by the charter, but the by-laws may provide for many important points concerning the stock: the form of the certificate, by
whom to be signed, and provisions as to transfer. The law in this State
provides that the stock shall be transferred as provided by the bylaws. If you have no by-laws, there is no way of transferring the
stock. The ordinary provision is that the shares should be transferred on the books of the company. This is rather blind, but often
the transfer is by an assignment like this: "I hereby transfer, assign,
sell, and set over the within stock to - --, and authorize - - - to
transfer the same on the books of the corporation." Where such a
provision is made by the by-laws the stock is really not transferred
until the written assignment is made on the books of the company.
Where there is preferred and common stock the by-laws often make
provision about that. Where the corporation has existed you cannot
change common stock into prderred without the consent of the stockholders. That must be by unanimous resolution of the stockholders.
The proper place to provide as to preferred stock, as to the rate of
interest and the time for payment, is in the by-laws.
Transfers are often annoying to the officers of the corporation.
The by-laws seldom provide for this as they should. Suppose a
holder of stock dies. The title devolves immediately by operation
of law upon his administrator or executor, and they have the right to
have the stock transferred to their own name on the books of the
corporation, but in the absence of a by-law provision as t.:&gt; how the
corporation shall learn who is the administrator or executor much
delay and confusion results. Sometimes the officers will take the
word of an attorney upon it. This is not right. It should be provided
that in the case of death of any stockholder that the stock may be
transferred to the administrator by leaving with the secretary a certified copy of the letters of administration, or a certified copy of the
will and the letters of administration. Then you have in your office
the written evidence of his right to receive the stock.
Another case is where the certificates have been lost. You are
helpless, perhaps, because your stock has been burned or lost. You
own the stock, but you have nothing to show for it. You have the
right to go to the company and demand a new certificate. But you
must make an affidavit and give security. It would be a very good
provision to put in the by-laws just what shall be done in this
case. It is easier to obtain the proper affidavits, etc., when there is

�22

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

such a provision in the by-laws. This would make it easier for the
secretary to know what to do. There should also be a provision in
that respect that notice should be given of loss, and a period of time
allowed to lapse before issuance of the new certificates of stock, so
as to give opportunity to find the old certificate if possible.
As to paid-up stock. In many cases it is not all paid-up stock. It
is subscribed for, but not paid up. In such a case your by-laws should
provide how these instalments should be called in, possibly that ten
per cent. should be paid in each year, or as called for by the directors
There should be some provisions in the by-laws as to how this should
be done. There should be some provision for enforcing these calls
Suppose a man refuses or fails to pay. There should be a proviso in
the by-laws to compel him to do so. Sometimes it is allowed to be
forfeited. But you should be careful not to have it forfeited directly,
but you must have the stock sold, apply the receipts upon the subscription, and then the balance should go to the subscriber. This is
required by our statute, and should be put in the by-laws. Another
point sometimes covered is the question of a lien upon stock for debts
due from members of the corporation. This applies usually in cases
of banks and corporations that lend money. The provision is valid,
and bas been held good ever since 1723, when Lord Macclesfield held
such a provision valid. But in that case you should put on the back
of the certificate some notice of that provision, either the by-law
printed in full, or an abstract of it.
Sometimes the by-laws attempt to restrict the transfer of the stock.
This is most frequently found in small corporations where they want
to keep the stock within a certain set or clique. It is sometimes provided that it shall only be transforred to other stockholders, or only
with the consent of the directors or stockholders. The legality of
these restrictions is doubtful. Be very careful in putting in such a
provision to see what your own statute says about it. There has been
no decision in Illinois upon this point. In Wisconsin it cannot be
done. These restrictions are not ordinarily in favor, but are generally
regarded as in restraint of trade.
A very proper provision in the by-laws is in regard 'to the corporate
seal and place of business and things of that kind. There are many
provisions that might be put into the by-laws. Suppose, for instance,
that the statute provides that a certain notice shall be given of all
meetings. It is perfectly proper to incorporate this in the by-laws.
In such case the directors, if they have not the statutes handy, will
follow the statutes while obeying their own by-laws. There is danger,
however, of putting them in. Officers and members of the corporation may see these provisions, and think they are only by-laws, and
that they have a right to change them, and wipe them out altogether.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

'

'I

I

It would be well therefore to say that certain by-laws, being merely
recitals of the statute, cannot be amended by the corporation.
By-laws often make provision as to how contracts shall be entered
into, who shall sign them, etc. It is often necessary to insert provisions for enforcing the by-laws, as by a penalty for non-payment of
assessments. It is frequently done by fine, and this is proper if the
fine is reasonable. The only way the fine could be collected would
be by legal action or by making the fine a lien upon the stock. It
might also be enforced by expelling a member from the corporation . This could apply only to cases of fraternal corporations or
organizations of that sort, or associations like the Board of Trade or
incorporated colleges. They might also provide for expulsion for
non-observance of the by-laws. But these must be reasonable, and
the member must be tried by a competent tribunal of the corporation.
Amendment and repeal of the by-laws. The general rule is that a
body that adopts by-laws can amend or repeal them. There are two
exceptions to that in Illinois. One is in the case of associations not
for pecuniary profit, like colleges and churches. There is a curious
provision in our statute to the effect that the by-laws may be adopted
by the directors or trustees, and having been so adopted may be
added to, but not amended, by the corporation itself at any regular meeting.
The other exception is where many of these associations have
adopted by-laws at the time they incorporated and they were included
in the articles of association. It has been held by our Supreme Court
that they could not be altered at all, as they were really a part of the
charter. This is an exception to the general rule that they may be
amended. The law of 1893, however, expressly provided for the
amending of corporation by-laws.
Usually they provide how they should be amended, and limit
the right to amend. This is a very proper provision to put in, but it
is to be construed in connection with the law. Take the case of a
building and loan association, where the by-laws provided that they
might be amended, but the Supreme Court said they could not be
amended or repealed by any provision of this kind, though they
could be amended or repealed by the directors. Where you put in a
provision of that kind make it that they cannot be amended except
by unanimous vote, whereas a majority vote would adopt it. As long
as that by-law stands, the directors could not amend any other by-law
except by unanimous vote, but there would be nothing to prevent their
first repealing that by-law and then doing as they please with the
others. They could first repeal or amend that by-law by a majority
vote, and then change the others to suit themselves. Even where it
is not formally repealed or amended it may be waived in a particular

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

instance, and that waiver may take place even when there is a provision
against waiver in the by, laws themselves. This comes up most frequently in mutual benefit associations like the Royal Arcanum. Suppose you issue a policy contrary to the by-laws. They cannot set up
the by-laws as vitiating the policy, because the issuance of the policy
has waived the by-law.
They are construed as contracts are. They are construed together
like statutes, if possible, so that they will stand. Penal provisions
will be construed strictly in the same way that penal statutes are.
The construction of the by-laws is for the court, and not for the jury,
except where the provisions are ambiguous, in which case some States
say that the jury shall first say what the by-laws mean, and the court
shall then apply it. There was a curious case in Pennsylvania, where
enlistment in the regular ilrmy worked a forfeiture. The member
enlisted in the volunteer army, and the court adopted a very strict
construction of the by-law on the theory that it was unpatriotic.
A by-law like this often comes up: "No salary shall be paid except
to the secretary." This would not of itself give the secretary a
salary. This would merely authorize the directors to vote him a
salary.
The effect of by-laws depends upon consent. They are binding
upon the corporation, and can be relied upon by the corporation in
all its transactions. They are binding upon the directors, who are
chargeable with notice of them. They are binding on the officers
whether they are members or not. They are binding upon the members because they have consented to them. They are binding upon
third persons only in case they have expressly or constructively consented to them.
Suppose a by-law provides that no employee shall be employed for
more than one year. An officer is employed for longer than a year, and
the employment is held to be void because the officer is presumed to
know that the contract was in violation of the by-laws, and therefore
void. But where the person employed is not an officer or a stock holder, then the corporation would be bound because this third person
would not be held to have consented, not having bad notice of the
by-law. He might have known of course, but in the absence of any
evidence that this was the fact, the corporation would be bound to pay
him for his full time. But where an employee was employed for life it
was held not valid, because he must have known that this was not in
accordance with the by-laws of the corporation.
The enforcement of the by-laws is an interesting subject. They
are enforced by fine, sometimes by expulsion. There cannot be a
double punishment. You cannot fine a man for not doing a certain
thing, and then punish him for not paying the fine. This bas often

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

25

been attempted in corporations. It cannot be done where property
rights are involved. But where no property righ ts are involved the
courts will not interfere ordinarily.
When by· laws come into court they must be pleaded and proved.
Proof must be made by bringing the record into court. Where bylaws have been acted upon for a long time, you can still prove them
by parol evidence.

�LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING
THE YEAR u102-1903 .
THIRD YEAR.
Baird, Tasper Arthur,

Carthage.

Block, Manfred Sickle,

Platteville, Wis.

Case, Charles Center,
Clark, John W oodbury,
Crafts, Harry Kent,

Cherry Valley.
Paw Paw.
Chicago.

Crilly, Oliver Dani el,

Clzicago.

Daly, Charles Lawrence,
Deering, Thomas Gardner,
Devine, John J.,
Dunbar, David Oweu,

Chicago.
Clzicago.
Chicago.
Center Point, Ia.

Eberhardt, Alfar Maximilian
Eschbach,Jesse Ernest,

Chicago.
Warsaw, Ind.

Ferrell, Hosea V., Jr.,
Frank, Lee Julius,

Carterville, Ill.
Cltz'cago.

Guthman, Roy,
Headen, Thomas Moulton,

Youngstown, O/tio.
Shelbyville.

Kahn, Tulius Maurice,

Petersburg.

Kay, Fred Hans,
Keating, James Williams,
Keep, Albert, 2d,
Kidder, Royce Annan,
Knapp, William Proctor,

Chica!(O.
Chz'cago.
Chicago.
Sterling.
Clzicago.

Kompel, Morris,

Chicago.

Kropf, Victor Gustav,

Richland, Kas.

Lamar, Clyde Park,
Lee, Curtis Gillmore,

Chicago.
Chicago.

A.fl., Carthage College. •
B.L., University of Wisconsin.

A.B. , University of Michigan.
A.B., Harvard University.

B. S., Cornell College; A.B., Columbia University.
Ph. B..

tterbein College.

A.B., University of Chicago.
A.B. Unive rsity of lllinois.

A.fl., Northwestern University.

Ph.B., Iowa College.

B.L., Northwestern University.
A.B., Washburn College.

26

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

Matthews Jacob Scott,

Chi"cago.

Mayer Elias,

Cldcago.

McKinney, Marion Hayes,
Mergentheim, Morton Adolph,

Cllicago.
Fort Wayne, Ind.

Mills, Matthew,

Chicago.

Murphy, Edward James,
McNulta, Donald,
Niles, John Addison,
Odell, Benjamin Franklin Jefferson,
O'Donnell, Thomas Vincent,

Evanston.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Chica.(;o.
B loonzington.

Peckham, Tohn Judah,

Geneva.

Peterson, Earle Lloyd,
Phillips, Paul B.,

Rockford.
Wl1eaton.

Quinn, Leonard Daniel,
Quinlan, Thomas Ambrose,

Kewanee.
Chicago.

Rose, Charles George,
Rosenberg, Hyman
Rosenstone, Bertram W.,
Schafer, Frank Boeshair,
Shaw, Toseph Laurence,

Clzi"cago.
Clzicago.
Clticago.
El Paso.
Geneseo.

Swigert, Harry Amos,
Thomasson, Nelson, Jr.,

Council Bluffs, Ia.
Chicago.

Thomsen-von Colditz, Sandor,
Todd, Leroy Levi,
Van Voorst, Fred,
Welch, Robert Leslie,

Chicago.
Milledgeville.
Monticello, Ind.
Des Moines, la.

Whitely, Arthur Laurence,

Evanston.

A.B., University of Michigan.
A.B ., Harvard Uni,ersity.

A.B., A.M., University of Chicago.
A.B., Yale University.

LL.B., Indiana University.
A.B., Harvard University.

A.B., Wheaton College.

A.B., A.M., St. Mary's University.

A.M. 1 University of Wisconsin.

A.B., Princeton University.

A.B. University of Chicago.

B.A., Williams College.

Adelman, Abram,
Banning, Walker,
Barber, Clayton Jackson,

SECOr D YEAR.

Ph.B., Illinois College.

Clticago.
Chicago.
Springfield.

Bates, Alfred Ricker,
Bays, Alfred William,

Evanston.
Enfield.

Brown, Thomas Baldwin,
Butler, Herbert Benjamin,

Chicago.
Springfield.

B.S., Knox College.

�28

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Campbell Herbert John,

Riverside.

Clark, Edwin Oliver,

Wltitejield, Ind. Ter.

Fairchild, Sherman DeWitt,
Fischer, Henry Fred,
Follett, Otis William,
Grover, George Oliver,
Hagens, Graddus Remley,

Sullivan.
Addison.
Libertyville.
Leland.
Pella, la.

Hart, Merwin Michael,
Johnson, Alton Francis,
Kepler, Louis Howard,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Mt. Ver11011, Ia.

Krueger Nathan L.,
Lang, Joseph Ignatius,
Lindhout, Dingnus Kloppenburg,
Louis, George L.,
Manierre, Louis,

Clzica[[o.
T¥oodstock.
Chicago Heiglzts.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Meek, Marcellus Woltz,
Miller, Albert Grant,
McAuley, Henry Sayes,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.

Rutter, Rhea Barton,

Higltland Park.

Sherlock, Carl Garfield,
Spencer, Charles Hopkins,

Riverside.
Rock Island.

Trude, Daniel Pearson,
Wiles, Russell,

Clzicago.
Chicago.

A.B. , University of Michigan.
A.B., Central University.

A.B. , Central College.

Ph.B., Cornell College.

A.B., Yale University.

A.B., Yale University.

A.B., Williams College.

A.B. , Wesleyan University
S.B., University of Chicago.

FIRST YEAR.
Best, John Henry,
Boggs, Richard Lee,
Bohan, Edmund Russel,
Brink, Hal,
Carleton, Charles Harvey,
Cashel, Thomas Daniel,
Cline, 1 orri s Burt,
Crafts, Maurice Wilbur,

Qidncy.
Fafrjield.
Los Angeles, Cal.
Red Oak, Ia.
Chicago.
East St. Louis, Ill.
Aj)j)!eton City, Mo .
Chicago.

Crumpacker, Shepard,

Westville, /11d.

Coman, Warren Eugene,
Davis, Charles Henry,
Dennis, Roger Lee,

Chicago.
Greeley, Ia.
Traer, Iowa.

Ph .B., Kenyon College.

B.S., Northwestern University.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
Dewes, Edwin Pierre,

Chicago.

Dobbin, David
Dove, Theodore Clark,
Downes, Earle Raymond,
Egge rt, Alfred R.,
Ferguson, Charles,
Fifer, Ernest Reynolds,

Stronghurst.
Slielbyville.
Harva rd.
Charles City, Ia.
Mendota.
Chicago.

Fulton, Louis Reginald,

Gibson City.

Gannon, Edward,
Geringer, John Charles,
Gunther, Miss Attilia,
Hamilton, Elisha Bentley,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Quincy.

Helms, Otto Herbert,
Herman, Charles Jacob,
Hinman, Asahel Albert,
Howser, Roy,
Hughes, Arthur Freeman,
Hupp, Frank Leslie,
Johnson, Edgar,

Chicago.
Chz'cago.
Perry.
Indianola, Ia.
Spi-ingjield.
Long Point.
South Bend, Ind.

Kersten, Walter George,
Kostner, Joseph Otto,
Lewis, Harry Chester,
Lynde, Cornelius,

Chicago.
Chicago.
Mendota.
Chicago.

Mackenzie, Rex,

Clii'cago.

Manning, Horace Milton,
May, William Green,
Meusel, Oscar Moretz,
Milne, William,

Clticago.
Evanston.
Oshkosh, Wis.
Arbrorath, Scotland.

Murdock, Max,
McKinney, Fred Landin,
Osborne, Harold S.,

Streator.
Piqua, Ohio.
Chica1;0.

Ott, John Nash,

Cltica1;0.

Pirosh, George Bertram,
Putnam, Karl Frederick,
Pierson, Ward Wright,

Clticago.
Mt. Carmel.
Wilmette.

Pitte, Hugo Lewis,
Quitman, Walter,
R osenblum, Harry Moses,

Chicago.
Clticago.
Evanston.

A. B., H arva rd University.

B.S., Northern Indiana Normal College.

A.B., Knox Co!Tege.

A.B., Illinois College.

A.B., Princeton University.

A.B., Williams College.

A.B., Princeton University .

Arbrorath Collegiate Institute, Scotland.

A.B., Williams College.

B.A., Amherst College.

B.S., Northwestern University.

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Ryden, Otto Gustaf,
Sadler, Monte Hanauer,
Sargent, Jean F.,
Scheiner, Frank Harry,

Evanston.
Cairo.
Hurley, S. Dak.
Chicago.

Schmitt, Felix Harold,
Seney, Edgar F.
Strickland, Amos Aaron,
Swige rt, Robert Guy,
Talcott, Harry Harvey,

Clzicago.
Clzica({O.
Clzicat:o,
Chicago.
Chicago.

Taylor, David,
W ard, Charles
Warner, George,
Wengierski, Julius Francis,
Wheklinski, John Benjamin,
Williams, James Edward,
Wright, Adelbert S., Jr.,

Cliicago.
St. Joseph, Mich.
Somonattk.
Clz£cago.
Clz£cago.
Emmetsburg, Ia.
Woodstock.

Ph.B ., Northwestern University.

A.B., University of Michigan.

SPECIAL STUDENTS.
Amory, E. P.,
Barnes, Chester Davis,
Buntain, Cassius M. Clay,

A.B.; A.M., LL.B. , Northwestern University.

Ch£cago.
Kenosha, {,Vis.
, Momence.

Childs, Robert,

Ch£cago.

Christopher, Henry Raymond,
Clendenning, Thomas C.,
Cleveland, Frank Clayton,

Chicago.
Cllica.({o.
Ch£cago.

Cox, Howard Malcolm,
Davis, Oliver Colene!,
Dietz, Cyrus Edgar,

Chicago.
Evanston.
Gilman.

Dougherty, Ralph,

C/licago.

Drury, F. H.,
Eckhart, Percy,

Ch£ca.({O.
Chicago.

Granger, Joseph I.,

Bourbonnais.

Herbert, Lloyd,

C/licago.

Hollock, Roland Martin,
Honneger, Peter,

Chicago.
Chicago.

Manzy, Amon,

Ch£ca({O.

LL.B., Harvard University.

Ph.B., University of Chicago.

A.B., LL.B. , Northwestern University.

'LL.B., Harvard Universit y.
LL.B., Harvard University.
A.B., A.M. , St. Viateur's College.

LL.B., Chicago-Kent College of Law .
LL.B ., Northwestern University.
LL.B., Northwestern University.

�31

THE LAW SCHOOL.

MacChesney, Nathan William,

Clticago.

McClure, Robert Samuel,

Chicago.

Ortseifen, George,
Raltree, William,

Chicago .
Clticago .

Rice, Cyrus W.,
Riley, Henry,
Shervey, Charles 0.,
Smith, Claude vV.,
Topliff, Samuel,

River Forest.
Chicago.
Chicago.
Danville.
Evanston.

Tyrrell, Pierce Crawford,

Eight.

Weeks, Harvey Thomas,

Cliicago.

Wilson, Edward F.,

Chicago.

Wise, Alorn Walker,
Wise, Everett L.,

Clticago.
Chicago.

Yamaguchi, Shun,
Vlackos, Andrew John,

Yokoliama, Japan.
Tripolis, Greece.

Young, Randall Boyer,

Red Oak, Ia.

LL.B., University of Michigan.

A.B .. University of Chicago; LL.13., Northwestern
University.

LL.13., Chicago-Kent College of Law.

A.B., Bowdoin College; LL.B., Northwestern Uni·
versity .

LL.B., Northwestern University.
A.B. , Yale University.

B. of M.E., University of Michigan.
A.13.; LL.B., Harvard University.

LL.B., University of Greece.

�HOLDERS OF ACADEMIC DEGREES.
Colleges ·
Represented.

Number of
Graduates.

Amherst College _- - -- - -- - - -- - . - - - ------ ____ _- -- - - - - ---- ---- ---Bowdoin College ---- --------- - -- -- ---- ---------------- -------Carthage College ---- ----------------------------------------- Central College ____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ______ ____ ____
Columbia University ____ __ ___________ _______ _____________ _____ _

2

Corne I I College _--- ------ ------ - - - - - - -- - - -- __ - --- ---- -- - - --- - - Harvard University -- __ ______ _____ __ _____________________ ______ 8
Illinois College __________________________ ______ __________ ·----- 2
Illinois Wesleyan University _____ ________ ________________ ____ _
Iowa State College ______________ .. ________ _______________ ______ _
Kenyon College _____ __________ ____________ ______________ _____ _
Knox College -------------- -- ---- -- --- --- ------- _______ _______ 2
Northern Indiana Normal College- ---------- ------------------ Northwestern University_-------- -- -- ____ - - -- - - -- - - ---- - --- ---- 7
Otterbein College ______________ ______ ___________________ . _____ _
Princeton University- - --- -- - - ---- - - ------ - - - - -- - - -- -- ---- - - -- - - 3
St. Mary's College ____________ ---- _____ ___ ____ _________ ________ _
St. Viateur's College- ----- -------------------- ------- -------- -University of Chicago ------------ ---- --------------------- ---- 6
University of Illinois - -- - - ______ ---- ____ ---- ---- _--- ---- ______ University of Michigan------- ----------------------- -------- - - 5
University of Wisconsin __ __ ---- - ------ ----- ---- ------ --- ------ 2
Wash burn College ___________________ __________________ _____ __
Wheaton College ------ ---- - --- . - --- ___ -------- ________ ______ __
Williams College---- ------·----------- ------- - -- ------------ -- 4
Yale University--- -------- ---- --- ----------------------------- 4
Total number of college graduates----- ·· ___________ . ________ 6o
Total number of colleges represented- -- - __ ____ _____ __ __ __ __ 26
RECAPITULATION.
Third Year Regular Students -- ------ -------- -------------- ---- 53
Second Year Regular Students -------- - ----- --- ---- -------- ---- 30
First Year Regular Students _______ _______ _____________________ 66
Special Students---- ------- ----- --------- --- ------------ ---- --- 35
Total - -- - -- -- -- -- - -- - --- - ____ ____ - -- - . - -- _--- ____ _________ 184
Holders of Academic Degrees ----------- - --- ------- ------------ 6o
Percentage of College Graduates--------- ---- -------- -- ---- ---- 33
Students Holding Degree of Bachelor of Laws ---- ____ ------ ____ 15

32

•

�DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW QUARTERS OF
THE SCHOOL.
The site of the Northwestern University Building in which the
new quarters of the School of Law are situated, is one of historic
interest. The remodeled TEemont House, a massive structure, is the
fourth building of that name to occupy the spot. Since 1833, the year
of Chicago's incorporation as a town, the caravansaries that were
successively erected here became the frequent sojourning-place of
the most famous persons who from time to time came to Chicago.
Here was begun the memorable debate between Lincoln and Douglas
in 1858; here were the headquarters of Lincoln's friends during the
nominating convention of 186o; here Douglas lay on bis deathbed;
here took place, at the close of the war, the soldiers' reunion, in which
Grant and other distinguished generals participated; and a long list
might be made of other names, eminent in all fields, whose memories
will ever cling to this central spot in the life of Chicago. Many of
these notable persons and episodes are recalled in the speeches made
on May 23d last, at the reception to Professor Hurd (the report of which
was printed in the August Bullett"n of th e School). "It seems to me,"
said Mr. Elbridge Keith, on that occasion, "that in no other spot in
Illinois have there been so many associations with that which has
made history. There could be no more inspiring spot where you
could go to get stimulus for noble deeds and noble thoughts. You
should have the heritage which those noble spirits here hand down
to you."
Having in mind the interesting associations of the spot, the
Faculty have endeavored to equip the School's quarters in such a way
as to maintain the dignity and interest of the place, and also to be
worthy of the best traditions of the profession whose interests it
serves. The object has been to provide a fitting home for legal
scholarship, by reviving amidst daily work the historic past of the
School and of the profession at large, and by embodying in the surroundings all that could inspire the student with faith in the achievements of his predecessors in the law and with resolution for bis own
part of that great work in the future.
The School's quarters are entered from the landing on the third
floor in the northwest angle of the building. All the wood trimmings
are of oak, in weather-stain; the wall coloring in all the corridors is
yellow; in the Assembly Room, red; in Booth Hall, buff; and in the
Library, Hurd Hall, Hoyne Hall, and the remaining rooms, green.
33

�34

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

Opposite the entrance comes first the General Office. Portraits
of the Presidents of the Board of Trustees of th e old Union College
of Law,,and of the members of the Law Committee of the present
Trustees of Northwestern University, are on th e wall, and suggest the
continuity of the School's existence under forty-four years of successive administrations. So, a lso, in the Dean 's Office, on the left,
portraits of the former Deans of the School, beginning with Hon.
Henry Booth, bring down the traditi on from 1859. Similarly, in the
Faculty Room (to the right of the General Office, beyond the Secretary 's Office), a collection of the portraits of all th e past and present
members of the Faculty preserves the memory of those who have
taken part in the work of the School, and includes many who have
been distinguished in the local and national life of the profession.
This collection is still incomplete, in regard to many of the older
generation; but it is hoped that the missing likenesses may before
long be secured. Over the fireplac e is appropriately affixed the
handsome seal of the University, m colored plastic relief, done by
Mr. F. Parsons, of Boston, for the ·school. The heavy settles,
council-table, and bookcases are designed to give an effect of
scholarly dignity; and the room serves as an appropriate one for the
city meetings of other University governing bodi es besid,es the
Faculty of Law. Entering the north corrid or, a bronze bust of Lincoln appears, placed against the west wall. It is cast after the model
by Bissell, owner of the death mask, and was presented to the School
by the Booth Chapter of the legal frat ern ity o[ Phi Delta Phi. Beneath it, on a bronze plate, is the inscription: "In the old Tremont
House That formerly stood on this spot Abraham Lincoln During his
practice at the bar Often sojourned And from its balcony In 1858 He
engaged in one of his memorable debates With Stephen A. Douglas.
Presented to the Law School of the Northwestern University by
Booth Chapter of Phi Delta Phi."
Facing east from the Lincoln bust, one sees, in two lines on either
side of the corridor, a series of plaster busts, represen tin g the lawye rorators of various ages and countries- Demosthenes, Cicero, Burke,
Choate, Clay, and Douglas. Others should, of course, be added to
these, to make the representation more complete-for instance, those
of Erskine, Gratton, V.Tirt, Prentiss; hut no likeness of them in plaster
seems to be in existence. This series, fittingly culminating with the
author of the speech at Gettysburg, is intended to typify for the aspiring student the function of the lawyer as a persuader of men. It
complements the series in the Library typifying th e lawyer as a
scholar and jurist.
On the right of the north corridor is the Court Room, fitted in the
usual manner with judge's desk, clerk 's desk, witness box, jury box,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

35

attorneys' table, and bar. This room is known as Hoyne Hall, after
Hon. Thomas Hoyne, who founded the school in 1859. Over the desk
is a crayon portrait of the founder, presented by his son, Thomas M.
Hoyne, Esq., an alumnus of the School. In this room the Practice Court
holds its sessions; and accordingly the walls have been hung with a
collection of portraits representing the personages of particular interest to the future practitioners at the local bar. These include the
judges of trial courts in Illinois, past and present, the judges of
Federal courts in Illinois, and distinguished members of the Illinois
bar in former generations. This collection is a unique possession,
and would have been impossible to create, but for the generous
courtesy of Hon. James B. Bradwell, formerly judge of the Cook
County Court and now editor of the Chicago Legal ews. The owner
of an unrivaled collection of photographs of lawyers and judges,
accumulated ·during forty years at the Illinois bar, he has had these
reproductions especially made from his plates for presentation to the
School. The collection of portraits of the judges of the Supreme
Court of Illinois, in the Library, is also a part of the same gift.
On the north side of the north corridor are three rooms destined
for the use of the Legal Aid Bureau (a charitable work soon to be
undertaken by the School) ; at present they are used for the storage
and sale of books. Beyond them is the Alumni Room, an apartment
intended to serve the convenience and attract the interest of visiting
alumni. It is exclusively at their disposal, and is fitted with lockers,
lavatory, bookcases, and tables, so as to afford them all the facilities
of an office, while in Chicago, for the transaction of business. The
walls are to be hung with portraits of the past and present officers of
the Alumni Association, of alumni holding public office, and of class
groups; but this collection is as yet incipient only, and much remains
to be done by the alumni to make it fairly complete. Beyond this
room is the Law Club Room, for meetings of the fraternities, sessions
of the club, moot-courts, and the like.
Last on the east is the Assembly Room, a long and spacious
apartment, comfortably fitted for rest, reading, and conversation.
This a))artment is intended as the social headquarters of the School,
a common meeting-ground for professors and students. For a city
School, remote from the surroundings of a college campus, such a
center of social life is indispensable. Dedicated to the spirit of
scholarly fellowship, it conduces to that friendly converse and intimate understanding which cultivate college loyalty and form some
of the most pleasurable memories and useful associations of after
professional life. The furnishings have all been adopted to emphasize
the fraternal and professional tradition and spirit. Over the fireplace
is another copy of the University seal, in colored plastic relief. High-

�NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

backed settles, at the east end of the room, framing the fireplace,
form an inglenook. A small library of legal biographies and annals,
celebrated trials, and works of general reference, is placed here; and
a list of magazines and newspapers is maintained by students' subscription. On the north wall is a bronze relief of Lincoln, the gift of
Mr. Michael Merwin Hart, of the class of 1904, and on the west wall
is a colored plastic relief of Washington (done by Mr. Parsons).
Affixed to the south wall, in the inglenook, is an oak shield, bearing
in bronze letters the traditional motto of the students' cheer: "Ex
delicto Ex contractu This is Law." The walls bear, also, a varied
collection of pictures, including a number of interesting cartoon-caricatures, in color, of celebrated English judges, views of the English
Inns of Court and of the courts of justice in England and various
foreign countries, views of the homes of Marshall and of Webster,
and pictures of other places and persons having an interest to the
profession. The Assembly Room is known as Lowden Hall, after
Frank Orren Lowden, Esq., the present president of the Alumni
Association.
The east corridor, leading south from the Assembly Room, is
fitted with over two hundred full-length lockers. On the right is a
lecture-room, known as Hurd Hall, after Harvey B. Hurd, LL.D.,
who, after forty-three years of service retired from active work, and
became Professor Emeritus at the close of the year 1901-02. His
portrait hangs on the west wall; and around the room are hung the
group-portraits of the judges of the various State Supreme Courts.
At the end of the east corridor is the main lecture-room, known as
Booth Hall, after Hon. Henry Booth, first Dean of the School, who
served from 1859 till 1892. Over the entrance is his portrait in
crayon, presented to the School several years ago by the Booth
Chapter of the fraternity of Phi Delta Phi. Behind the lecture
rostrum is a series of wall panels, concealing a long blackboard, the
central ones sliding to uncover the board for use. In front of the
end panels, on brackets, are busts of Socrates on the left and of
Blackstone _on the right-the former, as the great master of dialectics
and argument, typifying one chief method of class instruction, and
the latter, as the classical model of dogmatic exposition, typifying
the other chief method of instruction by lectures. Considerable
search had failed to discover a bust of Blackstone in this country,
and the present one was accordingly made for the School by Miss
Alice Cooper, of Chicago; a photogravure of the Blackstone statue at
Oxford and two engravings by different hands, served for the likeness.
Around the walls of Booth Hall are disposed a series of portraits
(chiefly engravings and etchings) of the most eminent judges in English and American legal history-Mansfield, Eldon, Marshall, Story,

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

37

Kent, and others. The English portraits, with others in the Library
(including the work of such hands as Bartolozzi's), were selected for
the School in 1902, on a visit to London, by Mr. Charles C. Soule, of
Boston, aided by Mr. William V. Kellen, of Boston, a connoisseur
who possesses the finest collection of legal engravings in the United
States. The etching of Henry Wheaton, LL.D., America's most
distinguished international jurist, was presented to the school by Mr.
Kellen; it is of particular interest, being an imprint from the only
plate in existence, made by the donor in connection with the recent
celebration at Brown University of the centenary of Wheaton's birth.
Leaving Booth Hall by the west door, a short corridor, opening on
each side into study rooms for students' clubs, leads into the Library,
which extends around the south and west sides of the building. The
bookcases here are arranged to form alcoves; in each alcove is
a reading table fitted with a double set of electric-light standards.
At one end of the west aisle, opposite the marble clock (the gift of
Hon. William A. Dyche) is another copy of the University seal, affixed
to the wall and dominating the room. On brackets at abutments of
the alcoves, facing into the aisle, are placed busts of Bacon, Marshall,
Jefferson, Hamilton, Webster, and Shaw, typifying the legal scholars
and jurists of our history. Thus far no other likenesses to complete
this series have been obtainable; but those of Hale, Bentham, Kent,
and a few others, ought certainly to be added, and it is hoped that in
time they will be. This series forms a fitting complement to that
of the lawyer-orators in the north corridor. On the walls of each
alcove above the bookcases, is continued the collection of portraits
of eminent lawyers and judges. To study the Constitution under the
gaze of Marshall himself, or peruse the doctrines of equity in sight of
the compelling countenance of their creator Eldon, cannot but give
one a more realizing acquaintance with those great judges who have
left the impress of their personality upon the law.
The attention of the alumni is again called to the various parts of
these collections that remain to be completed. Only through the
active and generous help of the alumni can this be done. Of all who
may read this account the special request is now made to cooperate
with the School, in any manner that may happen to be within their
power, to perfect the equipment briefly described herein.

�REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE BRANCHES OF
THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION.
The Alumni Association has been engaged in forming local
Branches of the Association in every State and Territory in which
there are Alumni of the School, as well as in each judicial district of
Illinois outside of Cook County. A Secretary has been appointed in
nearly every one of these jurisdictions-some fifty-four in all__:and
with the further perfection of organization a Vice-President will also
be selected for each Branch. The object of the formation of these
Branches is to promote mutual acquaintance and helpfulness among
those alumni who are locally associated in practice. The list of officers selected up to the present date, as furnished by Charles H.
Blatchford, Esq., General Secretary of the Association (Ashland
Block, Chicago), is as follows:
Alabama

. Vice-President
William H. H. Judson, '65,

Arizona

Frederick S. Nave, '97,

Bessemer.

Tucson.

Secretary
Henry B. Wilkinson, '97,
Phrenix.

California ( orthern)

Theodore W. Hubbard '96,

California (Southern)

George P . Adams, 'E7,

Colorado

A. Lee Doud, '76,

Georgia

Ebenezer Wakely, '71,

Idaho

Albert J. Green, '87,

Indiana

Valdosta.
Moscow.

Parrott Bldg.,
San Francisco.

Bullard Block,
Los Angeles.

715 Ernest &amp; Cramner Bldg.,
Denver.

James E . Babb, '84,
Lewiston.

Thaddeus M. Talcott, Jr.,'96,
South Bend.

Indian Ter.

Harry Campbell,

Iowa

Barry Gilbert, 'oo,

Kansas

Theodore H. Morrison, '95,

Kentucky

J. Clyde Nelson, '88,

Michigan

Henry F. Metzger, '97,

Minnesota

Sapulpa.

Cedar Rapids.

16o4 Fairmont Ave.,

Wichita.

Sharpsburg.

Sault Ste. Marie.

Hon. Homer B. Dibell,'90, A. B. Choate, '83,
Duluth.

410 Temple Court,

Minneapolis.

�THE LAW SCHOOL.
Missouri

Vice-President

39

Secretary
Jacob A. Harzfeld, '97,

525 New York Life Bldg.,
Kansas City.

Montana

Richard A. Harlow, '85,
Helena, Mont.

Nebraska

Hon. William J. Bryan,'84,

New Eng.

Hon. Sewell W. Abbott,'83, William F. Poole, Jr., '93,

New Jersey

Lincoln.

Wolfborough, N. H.

Alonzo P. Tarbox, '91,
Bennett.

185 Franklin St. , Boston, Mass.

Oliver L. Brown, '94,

26 Telephone Bldg., Newark.

New Mexico John H. Stingle,

Andrew M. Adams, '97,

New York

William F. Myers, '93,

N. Carolina

Albuquerque.

Hon. E. H. Gary, '67,
New York City.

Albuquerque.

Amsterdam.

James L. Curtis, '93,
Raleigh.

N. Dakota

Edward R. Sinkler, '96,

Ohio

Josmh D. Kerr, '84,

Oklahoma

Claud J. Bryant, '01,

Oregon

Charles H. Glos, '94,

Pennsylvania

Forest G. Moorhead,

S. Dakota

John F. Whitlock, '82,

Texas

Edward W. Hander, '94,

Utah

Robert N. Freeman, '79,

Virginia

Clare E. Crawford, '97,

Washington

Howard W. Waterman, 1'00,

Wisconsin

John K. Fish, 'i4,

Wyoming

Charles F. Mallin, '94,

Dist. of Col.

Phillip E. Winter, '83,

Hawaii

Carl S. Smith, '96,

Mexico
Switzerland
Japan

Grafton.

icksville.

Lawton .

218 Chamber of Commerce,
Portland.
Beaver.

'01,

Forest City.
Waco.

Salt Lake City.
Elmont.

Boston Block, Seattle, Wash.

Old Insurance Jdg.,
Milwaukee.
Cheyenne.

814 "A," South East,
Washington.

Hon. Wm. A. McLaren,
1 A Jndependencia 36
Mexico City.

Hilo.

Joseph S. Kennard,
Lausanne.

Abo Shiosuke, '93,
Tokyo.

�+o

NORTHWESTERN U IVERSITY.
BRANCHES I

JUDICIAL
DISTRICT
NO,

2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLlNOIS

Secretaries.

Aaron J. Gould, 'or,
Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock, '82,
Charles H. Holt, '92,
Frank C. Van Sellar, '97,
Thomas N. Cofer, '96,
John A. Barber, '97,

8. John D. Gray, '94,
9. Conrad G. Gumbart, '95 ,
10. Frank S. Fulton, '97,
r r.
12.

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

William L. Mc Mahan, '92,
Charles B. Campbell, '97,
Wellington H. Shay, '94,
William J. Sweeney, '95,
Solon W. Crowell, '96,
William M. Mercer, '01 ,
John E. Goembel, '91,

Address.

Bone Gap.
Edwardsville.
Salem.
Paris.
Charleston.
Farmers' at'I Bank Bldg.,
Springfield.
Havana.
Macomb.
419 Observatory Bldg.,
Peoria.
Lincoln.
27 Arcade Bldg., Kankakee.
Streator.
Rock Island.
Oregon.
337 Coulter Blk., Aurora.
502 E. State St., Rockford.

�ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF WISCONSIN.
Graduates of this Law School are admitt ed to the Bar in W isconsin w ithout examination.

RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF
ILLINOIS.
Inquiries in regard to Adm ission to the Bar in Illinois should be
addressed to N . W . Branson, Secretary of the S tate Board of Law
Examiners, P etersburg, Ill.

The rules governing admission to the bar in Illinois provide that all applications for admission shall be made to the
Supreme Court of the State, and shall be based upon a report
of the State Board of Law Examiners; that examinations shall
be held "at Ottawa on the first Tuesday of March, at Chicago
the first Tuesday of May, at Springfield the first Tuesday of
September, and at Mt. Vernon the first Tuesday of December,
in each year"; that all applicants for admission must pass satisfactory examinations "upon the law of real and personal
property, personal rights, contracts, evidence, common law and
equity p leading, partnership, bailments, negotiable instruments, principal and agent, domestic relations, wills, corporations, equity jurisprudence, criminal law, aud upon the principles of the constitutions of the State and of the United
States, ahd legal ethics"; that an applicant who fails to pass
such examination shall not be admitted to a subsequent examination within six months of such failure; that each applicant
shall pay in advance a fee of ten dollars to said Board of Law
Examiners, and shall file affidavits as to age and citizenship,
and a transcript from a court of record of Illinois showing
good moral character; that the applicant shall have a general
preliminary education equivalent to that of a graduate of a
high school in this state, and that he shall have pursued the
study of law for the period of three consecutive years of at
least thirty-six weeks in each year; and that such study shall
41

�42

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.

have been pursued in an established law school considered by
the Board to be in good standing, or under the tuition of one
or more licensed lawyers, and that the applicant, if studying
under such tuition, has submitted to regular and satisfactory
examinations by such lawyer or lawyers during said period,
upon each subject.
All of above proof must be submitted on prescribed forms.
Rule 2 of the Board of Law Examiners, which sets forth
the required proof of academic education, and governs the
admission of regular students to this Law School, is as follows:
"Each applicant for admission, upon examination, shall
present with his application satisfactory proof in writing that
he has had a preliminary general education equivalent to that
of a graduate of a high school in this State. A three years'
English course, consisting of Algebra, Geometry, Ancient
History, Physiology, Rhetoric, Physics, and Physical Geography, each one year; Botany and Bookkeeping, one year;
Medi:eval and Modern History, with special reference to
English and American History, one year; English and American Literature, one year; and English Composition, one year,
will be accepted as such equivalent.
"In case of the omission by the applicant of any one or
more of such studies, except English and American History
and Literature, the equivalent of such omitted study or studies,
in any science, or in any classical or modern language (Latin
being especially recomnended), will be accepted in lieu of
such omitted study or studies.
"The proof required by this rule that the applicant has satisfactorily pursued the said studies or their equivalents, for
the requisite periods, may be by either one or more of the
following instruments:
"r. The diploma of any University or College in good
standing; or
"2. The diploma of a high school in this State, where such
diploma designates the several studies pursued and the length
of time devoted to each; or
"3. The diploma of a high school in this State, accom-

�THE LAW SCHOOL.

43

panied with the certificate of the principal of such school,
designating the several studies pursued, and the length of time
devoted to each; or
"4. The affidavit of a principal of a high school in this
State, or other high school teacher or teachers under whom
the applicant has studied ( or, in case of the death or absence
of such principal or teacher, then the affidavit of any credible
witness or witnesses having knowledge of the facts), designating the several studies pursued, the length of time devoted to
each, and as nearly as possible the applicant's degree of proficiency in each study; or
"5. The affidavit of the principal of a high school of this
State, or of a superintendent of schools having a high school
under his supervision, showing his special examination of the
applicant for the purpose of an application for admission to
the bar, stating the date and place of examination and the
time consumed therein, and giving the true and just grade or
proficiency shown by such applicant in each study, on a scale
of 100 ; or
"6. The diploma of any -accredited school, not in Illinois,
whose graduates are admitted on a diploma to the freshman
class of any University or College, in good standing, in the
State or country in which such school is located; such fact to
be evidenced by the certificate of the President or Secretary of
such University or College, under the corporate seal of the
institution; or
"7. The certificate of the President or Secretary of any
University or College in good standing, under the seal of the
institution, that the applicant has been admitted to the freshman or any higher class of such institution, without conditions, or upon conditions which had since been complied with."
Rule 5, defining a law school in good standing, requires
that:
"An established law school to be considered in good standing
must faithfully teach the several branches of law specified in Rule
39 of the Supreme Court, and must require recitations averaging ten
hours or more each week.'

���LOWDEN HALL (ASSE~ IBLY ROO~ I).

�HOYNE HALL (CO URT-ROOM ).

��V.

DENTAL SCHOOL

CHICAGO
OIiers a four years' course leading to the del1ree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. The
facilities for the practical and theoretical mstruction in the school are unusually
good. The new location is particularly well adapted for the convenience of the
students and instructors. The attendance during the last 1ear was 535. It is the
largest University Dental School in the world.
For further information, address Northwestern University Dental School,
Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets,
Chicago.

VI.
SCHOOL OF MUSIC

COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON
Offers extensive courses in the practical and theoretical study of Music,and!s designed
to prepare students for the profession as composers, theorists, artists, teachers, or
critics. It also makes provision for the study of Music as a part of general culture
or as an accomplishment. It otters three or four year courses leading to an appro•
priate degree.in Music.
1For further information, address School of Music, Evanston, Illinoi•.

VII.
ACADEMY

COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON
Offers a large variety of courses preparatory to college and practical life. The
proximity of the college department with its many facilities constitutes a great
advantage to the Academy. Young men and women will find here opportunity to
prepare for any college in the country.
For further information, address Northwestern University Academy,
Evanston, Illinoi•.
A second Academy, under the name of Grand Prairie Seminary, is maintained
by the University at Onarga, Illinois. Special facilities are afforded for P!eparing
for college or technical schools, or other higher institutions of learning. The location in a small town makes it possible for the authorities to offer low rates of tuition
and board. An excellent commercial course is also offered in this institution.
For further information, address Grand Prairie Seminary, Onarga, Illinoia.

VIII.
PRIVILEGES ACCORDED TO WOMEN
Women are admitted to all departments of the University except the Medical
School on substantially the same terms as men.
For further information as to the Residence Halls for Women, address
Dean of Women, Willard Hall, Evanston, Illinois.

IX.
SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY

EVANSTON
GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE.
Garrett Biblical Institute, chartered in 1855, 1s a theological seminary c-perating with the University. It is open to all students who are properly recommended as
candidates for the Christian ministry. It offers a three years' course, arranged for
classical graduates, leading to the degree of B.D.; also a four years' course open to
college graduates Jeadinii; to the degree of Ph.D.
The intimate relations of the University and the Institute afford great advan•
tages to all those preparing for the Christian ministry.
NORWEGIAN-DANISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL.
The Norwegian-Danish Theological School, affiliated with the Institute, offers to
those preparini for the ministry among the Norwegian and Danish people an oppor·
tunity to do this in the English, Danish, and Norwegian languages.
.
SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.
The Swedish Theological Seminary, organized to meet the increasing demands
for educated pastors and missionaries among the Swedish population in the United
States, offers a four years' course in Divinity.
For further information, address the respective schools, Evanston, Illinois.

�,

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                <text>SERIES II MAY  1903 NUMBER 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO BULLETIN OF THR SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO Edmund J  James   A.M.   Ph.D.   President Northwestern University            . Four' (Law  Medicine  Dentistry    Pharmacy)               . Chicago.      LAW SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers      '     Law           Bachelor   Laws Special     provided Law.  Chicago Law Institute Library    . .         alJ  Law                    .&amp;'.   . Northwestern University Law School Northwestern University Building  Corner   Lake   Dearborn Streets Chicago NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING. LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS. ENTRANCE NORTHWESTEl{N UN!VERS[TY BUILDING. LI BRARY ( WEST AISLE ).  0 0 QUARTERLY B ULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL O F LAW. CONTENTS OF NO.    MA Y  1903. Views   Northwestern University Building Views   Law School Rooms Calendar   Session   1903   04 Revised List   Faculty   1903 Revised List   Courses   1903 PAGE Frontispiece 2 3 5 Address   Corporation By Laws    Louis Boisot  Jr.     15 List   Students   1903 26 Description     New Quarters     School 33 Revised List   Alumni Secretaries   1903 38 Rules   Admission     Bar   Illinois 41 Entered           Chicago   .          . CALENDAR. 1903 September 21  Monday September 22  Tuesday September 23 September 24 November 26 December 19 1904. January  4 January 28 February February 6 February 8 February 12 May 22 May 27 June 17 Wednesday Thursday Thursday Saturday Monday Thursday Monday Saturday Monday Friday Saturday Thursday Thursday Registration Day   New Students. Registration Day   Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day     Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close   Christmas Recess . Christmas Recess Ends  Lectures Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln'  Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement. 2 REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR 1903.* EDMUND JANES JAMES  Ph.D.  LL. D. President     University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A. M.  LL. B .  Harvard University) Professor   Law   Dean     Faculty. HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD (LL. D.  Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor   Law. NATHANIEL CLINTON SEARS. (A. M .  Amherst College  LL. D.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. CHARLE'S CHENEY HYDE (A. M .. Yale University  LL. B.  Harvard University) Assistant Professor  .  Law. ALBERT MARTI KALES (A. B.  LL. B .. Harvard University) Assistant Professor   Law. SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B.  Harvard University  LL.B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practz' . JOHN HE 1 RY SHELDON LEE (A. B.  Harvard University  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Assistant Professor     Law   Crimes   Criminal Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A. B.   Amherst College  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Assistant Professor   Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A. M.  LL. B.  Harvard University) Professor   Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A B.  Harvard University) Professor     Law   Conveyancing. WILLIAM MEADE FLETCHER (L L . B.  University   Virginia) Professor     Law   Equity Pleading   Practz' . • Arranged.         President   Dean . 3 4 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. LEVI HARPER FULLER (B. S.  Upper Iowa University  LL. B.  Iowa State University) Professor     Law   Procedure   Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD (A. M.  Dickinson College  LL. M.  Cornell University) Professor   Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patents. WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Professor     Law   Patent Practice. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT {LL. B.  Northwestern University) Assoc£  Professor     Law   Patents. LESTER LE GRAND BOND Lecturer   Trade Mark   Copyright. HON. PETER STENGER GROSSCUP (A. M.  Wittenberg College  LL. B .. Boston University  LL. D.  Knox Wittenberg Colleges  Judge     United States Circuit Court   Appeals) Lecturer   International Law. LOUIS LEE DENT (A. B.  Harvard University  Missouri University} Lecturer   Mortgages     Genera Practice. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Extraordinary Legal Remedies     Judgments. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B.  Harvard Universi_!   LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Legal   !  . HENRY CLAY HALL ( B. S.  Wabash College  LL. B.  Northwestern University) Lecturer   Insurance. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B.  Northwestern University) Secretary     Law School       Faculty. REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION FOR 1903. FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. Contracts   Three      . Keener'  Cases   Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. Torts   Three      . Ames'   Smith'  Cases   Torts. Professor WrGMORE. Property (J)   Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols.    II. (Personal .) Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading   Procedure   Two      . Ames' Cases   Pleading  Andrews' Stephen   Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes   Criminal Procedure   Two      . Beale' Cases   Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM. Contracts ( ) Th        . Professor WOODWARD. Toi   ( ) Two      . Professor WIGMORE. Property ( ) ( )  Two      . Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading   Procedure ( )   One . Lectures      . Professor ADAMS. Master   Servant   Tort One      . Wambaugh' Cases   Agency. Professor W1GMORE. Damages   One      . Beale'  Cases   Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence Two      . Thayer'  Cases   Evidence 2d  . Professor WIGMORE. Trusts   Two      . Ames' Cases   Trusts. Professor WOODWARD. Af[    Two      . Wambaugh'  Cases   Agency. Professor LITTLE. 5 6 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Commercial Paper Three      . Ames' Cases   Bills Notes. Professor HYDE. Equity (  )   Torts. Three      . Keener'  Cases Equity  Vol.  . Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ( II) Two      . Gray'  Cases   Property Vols. III  IV. (Acquisition . .) Professor KALES. Equity Pleading   Procedure  Two      . Fletcher Equity Pleading       . Professor FLETCHER. Persons (Domestic Relat£ ) Two      . Smith'  Cases Persons. Professor KALES. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus  Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus   .)  One      . Mr. ELDER. SECOND TERM. Evidence (  )   Two      . Professor WIG MORE. Property (Ii) ( )   Two      . Professor KALES. Equity (II)  Specific Performance   . Three      . Keener'  Cases   Equity  Vol. II. Professor SCHOFIELD. [ Given   1()03 1()04      .] Equity (II  )   Sundry Topics. Three      . Keener' Cases   Equity  Vol. III. Professor SCHOFIELD. [ Omitted   1903 1()04      .] Bankruptcy   Two      . Williston'  Cases   Bankruptcy. Professor WOODWARD. Quasi Contracts Two      . Keener'  Cases   Quasi Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. Sales   Personalty   Two      . Williston'  Cases Sales. Professor WOODWARD. Carriers   Three       . McClain'  Cases   Carriers Beale'  Cases   Carriers. Professor HYDE. [Omitted   1()03 1904      .] Admiralty   Marine Insitrance   Three      . Professor HYDE. [ Given   1903  1904      .] Judgments   Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachment  Garnishment Execution   .)   One      . Rood'  Cases   Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. Insurance (Fire   Life)  Two      . Wambaugh' Cases   Insurance. Mr. HALL. THE LAW SCHOOL. 7 THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM. Corporations Two      . Smith'  Cases   Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice   Illinois   Two      . Professor SEARS. International Law (/) Two      . Scott'  Cases International Law. Professor HYDE. Suretyshij)   Two      . Ames' Cases   Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Constitutional Law Two      . Thayer'  Cases Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Jurisdictz"    Federal Courts One      . Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (III) Tw        . Gray '  Cases   Property Vols. V  VI. (Conditional  .) Professor KALES. Conveyancing One      . Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Conflict   Laws   Two      . Beale'  Cases   Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. JJ1'    Two      . Kirchwey'  Cases   Mortgages. Mr. DENT. Code Pleading   Procedure   One      . Cases Code Pleading. Professor WOODWARD. Practice Court   Two               . Causes   . Professor FULLER. * Patents   Invention ( )  General  . Five  . Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II   Ill October 15. (//)   Patent Soliciting. Twenty . Professor DYRENFORTH. (Ill )  Patent Law   Practice. Forty  . Professor BARNETT. *These  .  . 8 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. SECOND TERM. Corporations ( )  Two      . Professor LITTLE. Procedure   Practice   Illinois ( )  Two      . Professor SEARS. Constt'  Law ( ) Two      . Professor SCHOFIELD. Conveyancing ( ) One      . Professor GREELEY. Conflict   Laws ( )   Two      . Professor HYDE. Practt'  Court ( ) Two . Professor FULLER. Patents   Invention ( ). Professor BARNETT. Property (III) ( )  Two      . · Professor KALES. International Law (II) American Treaties   Diplomacy . Two      . Professor HYDE. Municipal Corporations Two      . Smith'  Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. PartnersldjJ Two      . Ames' Cases   Partnership. Professor LITTLE.   .    (  Constitutional Law   Patents   Invention)  Conveyancing   Property Ill Property     II.  . COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks   Copyrights   Six  . Mr. BOND. General Review   Five September   April        State . Mr. DENT . .International Law   Policy   One      . Judge GROSSCUP. Legal Ethics Five  . Mr. FOLLANSBEE. THE LAW SCHOOL. 9 SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW.  .   .  . Pleadings           Common Law Pleading  Code Pleading    Equity Pleading  . 2. Conveyancing   . A   ~       '       . Thorough  . No Property II. 3. Practice Court                Procedure Practice .     Practice Court   .   Court'             Thursday . During  .  . While    . A   .              .  IO NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  . A Rules     Practice Court . 4. Legal Tactics     1902 1903      Monday April Bar  . Bar 1903  1904       .   BULLETIN   February  1903  . 5. Public Speaking   . Such               1902  1903  ( ) Argument   Debate. An Professor J. Scott Clark      College   Liberal Arts. ( ) Voice Training. An  Mr. Dennis      Cumnock School   Oratory. ( ) Parliamentary Practice. An Professor Joseph W. Robert Robert School   Parliamentary Law. Public Speaking            . Towle Prizes Public Speaking. 6. Thesis               Faculty Any   Faculty   December 1st. May 15th  . December.   Lee . 7. Moot Courts   Briefs . Moot Courts         October   April. Each                         counTHE LAW SCHOOL. .   Courts .                    . A          . Credit . TUITION FEES.  October 1st  January      April 1st. A October 1st. Special . Patent Law        . PRIZES. .   Towle Prizes. A       Sroo $50        Henry Sargent Towle  Esq.  Chairman     Law School Committee     Board   Trustees Professors Robert   Dennis  .  . These Professors Robert   Dennis. 1902 1903   Towle Prize     t0 Amos Strickland . 2.   Lee Prize. A                Blewett Lee  Esq.          School 1902 1903 Faculty  . 3.   Callaghan Prize. A Messrs. Callaghan Company    Chicago  . 1902   Callaghan Prize       Charles Yoe Freeman A.B.    Chicago. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Persons  12 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. 1. Age They                 ~ . 2. Preliminary Education A  .                    42. 3. Time   Entrance  No  January  . Those January . All .  Illinois. ADVANCED STANDING.  "Degrees." • SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons  . They   . No  Dean. DEGREES. All             University Commencement. On Oxford . . BACHELOR OF LAWS. Bachelor   Laws Trustees     University       ' Faculty     School. Such Faculty THE LAW SCHOOL. !'!  . Attendance   Regular  . Students '    *  '  . 2. Students            ' . 3. Students            '  '    *  Dean. II. Registration Candidates . III. Course   Study   All ( )   . ' . Persons                '   Dean.  Secretary          . Four            . A     B     C     D    . A C A C  School    . * Beginning     1904 ' NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY . II. MASTER'S DEGREE. Master'      Arts  Philosophy  Science    Letters  A       College   Liberal Arts     University  Bachelor'      Arts  Philosophy  Science    Letters  University        Master' Bachelor   Laws Faculty   Liberal Arts Faculty  .   ( )          ( ) Bachelor   Laws  ( ) Faculty     Law School. Students Master' College   Liberal Arts       Law School           Monday October .   Master' Law School         October . Faculty Liberal Arts                  Master' Constitutional Law  International Law  Administrative Law  Roman Law  Jurisprudence  Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS. Six              . These            ~    . Applications               Secretary Law School. CORPORATION BY LAWS.* Corporation . American        . Ih   English .  English  . To             American      . Jt                      . Blackstone                 Roman Twelve Tables. Usually .  . State State                     . . Some              . ~ . Really . . Anything . Therefore Royal Arcanum . By    . They .  . These . . At . Many  . An • An             Legal Tactics  Monday October 13  1902. 15 16 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. .   . Things  . He                . He   . Had . H  . .                  . There                 Illinois . Directors  . . . They        . Some   English .  . Certainly            . Some                . Illinois.                  . Ordinarily . . .  .       States Illinois                       . Colorado . So . . However  Jaws . . '  . There State                    . THE LAW SCHOOL. These . These . . A    . .  . . State . Adoption State.  States New Jersey.               Illinois York                 . . There . First             . Second . Third         . Fourth . Taking State United States Constitution     United States     Constitution . A . Second       •      . Constitution       State . So . There  . State. Third         . . They bindi11g .  . r8 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  . One  . Special          . Of   .           Illinois . They . . One '  . These   .   . Provisions .                 State.  . '         .   Sunday .  ' . . '  . At              .   .       _it  . .  . Ordinarily        . . . Originally THE LAW SCHOOL. Illinois . To .  . Very                        '  . . . · . Illinois                State .           States. Where  . . Our .  . . General      .     State  . State                  . Certainly  . .   . . Provision .  .          . There   ' . . Of   . Provision . 20 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  . . New York . . There ' . Officers   . . . . .  .                .  . .   .  . Where  .   .    .   . Take          .  .   .  . THE LAW SCHOOL. 21 . . . State. .   .         State .  . . "  ." Where  . Where . Where . .  . Transfers                  . . Suppose .   . &gt;  . .        .    . . . . . . .  .                   . 22 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . . There   . .                    . .  . There . There Suppose              . There . .  . .  . . 1723    Lord Macclesfield .  . .  .  . . Be . There Illinois      .   Wisconsin . These . A                     ' . There . Suppose  .                      .  . There . Officers  . ' '  THE LAW SCHOOL.  . By .  . . .  . Board   Trade . They . . Amendment            . . There Illinois. One . There    .   .             Supreme Court  . .       1893 . Usually . . Take  Supreme Court  . Where  .    . They . Even  NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  . Royal Arcanum. Suppose . They  . They          . They . Penal .  States  . There           Pennsylvania .  . A                "No ." . . . They  . They . They . They . They  . Suppose . An   .   . He  .  . . They . There . . THE LAW SCHOOL. 25 . . . ·                    . Proof                  . Where  . LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR u102 1903. THIRD YEAR. Baird  Tasper Arthur A. .  Carthage College. • Block  Manfred Sickle B.L.  University   Wisconsin. Case  Charles Center Clark  John W Crafts  Harry Kent A.B.   University   Michigan. Crilly  Oliver Dani A.B.  Harvard University. Daly  Charles Lawrence Deering  Thomas Gardner Devine  John J. Dunbar  David Oweu B. S.  Cornell College  A.B.  Columbia University. Eberhardt  Alfar Maximilian Eschbach Jesse Ernest Ph. B..   College. Ferrell  Hosea V.  Jr. Frank  Lee Julius A.B.  University   Chicago. Guthman  Roy Headen  Thomas Moulton A.B. Unive      . Kahn  Tulius Maurice A. .  Northwestern University. Kay  Fred Hans Keating  James Williams Keep  Albert  2d Kidder  Royce Annan Knapp  William Proctor Ph.B.  Iowa College. Kompel  Morris B.L.  Northwestern University. Kropf  Victor Gustav A.B.  Washburn College. Lamar  Clyde Park Lee  Curtis Gillmore 26 Carthage. Platteville  Wis. Cherry Valley. Paw Paw. Chicago. Clzicago. Chicago. Clzicago. Chicago. Center Point  Ia. Chicago. Warsaw  Ind. Carterville  Ill. Cltz' . Youngstown  O/ . Shelbyville. Petersburg. Chica!(O. Chz' . Chicago. Sterling. Clzicago. Chicago. Richland  Kas. Chicago. Chicago. THE LAW SCHOOL. Matthews Jacob Scott A.B.  University   Michigan. Mayer Elias A.B .  Harvard Uni  . McKinney  Marion Hayes Mergentheim  Morton Adolph A.B.  A.M.  University   Chicago. Mills  Matthew A.B.  Yale University. Murphy  Edward James McNulta  Donald Niles  John Addison Odell  Benjamin Franklin Jefferson O'Donnell  Thomas Vincent LL.B.  Indiana University. Peckham  Tohn Judah A.B.  Harvard University. Peterson  Earle Lloyd Phillips  Paul B. A.B.  Wheaton College. Quinn  Leonard Daniel Quinlan  Thomas Ambrose A.B.  A.M.  St. Mary'  University. Rose  Charles George Rosenberg  Hyman Rosenstone  Bertram W. Schafer  Frank Boeshair Shaw  Toseph Laurence A.M. 1 University   Wisconsin. Swigert  Harry Amos Thomasson  Nelson  Jr. A.B.  Princeton University. Thomsen   Colditz  Sandor Todd  Leroy Levi Van Voorst  Fred Welch  Robert Leslie A.B. University   Chicago. Whitely  Arthur Laurence B.A.  Williams College. Adelman  Abram Banning  Walker Barber  Clayton Jackson Ph.B.  Illinois College. Bates  Alfred Ricker Bays  Alfred William B.S.  Knox College. SECOr D YEAR. Brown  Thomas Baldwin Butler  Herbert Benjamin Chi" . Cldcago. Cllicago. Fort Wayne  Ind. Chicago. Evanston. Chicago. Chicago. Chica.(  . B  . Geneva. Rockford. Wl1eaton. Kewanee. Chicago. Clzi" . Clzicago. Clticago. El Paso. Geneseo. Council Bluffs  Ia. Chicago. Chicago. Milledgeville. Monticello  Ind. Des Moines   . Evanston. Clticago. Chicago. Springfield. Evanston. Enfield. Chicago. Springfield. 28 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Campbell Herbert John A.B.   University   Michigan. Clark  Edwin Oliver A.B.  Central University. Fairchild  Sherman DeWitt Fischer  Henry Fred Follett  Otis William Grover  George Oliver Hagens  Graddus Remley A.B.   Central College. Hart  Merwin Michael Johnson  Alton Francis Kepler  Louis Howard Ph.B.  Cornell College. Krueger Nathan L. Lang  Joseph Ignatius Lindhout  Dingnus Kloppenburg Louis  George L. Manierre  Louis A.B.  Yale University. Meek  Marcellus Woltz Miller  Albert Grant McAuley  Henry Sayes A.B.  Yale University. Rutter  Rhea Barton A.B.  Williams College. Sherlock  Carl Garfield Spencer  Charles Hopkins A.B.   Wesleyan University Trude  Daniel Pearson Wiles  Russell S.B.  University   Chicago. Best  John Henry Boggs  Richard Lee Bohan  Edmund Russel Brink  Hal Carleton  Charles Harvey Cashel  Thomas Daniel Cline  1   Burt Crafts  Maurice Wilbur Ph .B.  Kenyon College. FIRST YEAR. Crumpacker  Shepard B.S.  Northwestern University. Coman  Warren Eugene Davis  Charles Henry Dennis  Roger Lee Riverside. Wltitejield  Ind. Ter. Sullivan. Addison. Libertyville. Leland. Pella   . Chicago. Chicago. Mt. Ver11011  Ia. Clzica[[ . T¥ . Chicago Heiglzts. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Higltland Park. Riverside. Rock Island. Clzicago. Chicago. Qidncy. Fafrjield. Los Angeles  Cal. Red Oak  Ia. Chicago. East St. Louis  Ill. Aj) )!  City  Mo. Chicago. Westville  /11d. Chicago. Greeley  Ia. Traer  Iowa. THE LAW SCHOOL. Dewes  Edwin Pierre A. B.  Harvard University. Dobbin  David Dove  Theodore Clark Downes  Earle Raymond Egge    Alfred R. Ferguson  Charles Fifer  Ernest Reynolds B.S.  Northern Indiana Normal College. Fulton  Louis Reginald A.B.  Knox Co!Tege. Gannon  Edward Geringer  John Charles Gunther  Miss Attilia Hamilton  Elisha Bentley A.B.  Illinois College. Helms  Otto Herbert Herman  Charles Jacob Hinman  Asahel Albert Howser  Roy Hughes  Arthur Freeman Hupp  Frank Leslie Johnson  Edgar A.B.  Princeton University. Kersten  Walter George Kostner  Joseph Otto Lewis  Harry Chester Lynde  Cornelius A.B.  Williams College. Mackenzie  Rex A.B.  Princeton University. Manning  Horace Milton May  William Green Meusel  Oscar Moretz Milne  William Arbrorath Collegiate Institute  Scotland. Murdock  Max McKinney  Fred Landin Osborne  Harold S. A.B.  Williams College. Ott  John Nash B.A.  Amherst College. Pirosh  George Bertram Putnam  Karl Frederick Pierson  Ward Wright B.S.  Northwestern University. Pitte  Hugo Lewis Quitman  Walter Rosenblum  Harry Moses Chicago. Stronghurst. Slielbyville. Harvard. Charles City  Ia. Mendota. Chicago. Gibson City. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Quincy. Chicago. Chz' . Perry. Indianola  Ia. Spi  . Long Point. South Bend  Ind. Chicago. Chicago. Mendota. Chicago. Clii' . Clticago. Evanston. Oshkosh  Wis. Arbrorath  Scotland. Streator. Piqua  Ohio. Chica1 0. Cltica1 0. Clticago. Mt. Carmel. Wilmette. Chicago. Clticago. Evanston. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Ryden  Otto Gustaf Sadler  Monte Hanauer Sargent  Jean F. Scheiner  Frank Harry Ph.B.  Northwestern University. Schmitt  Felix Harold Seney  Edgar F. Strickland  Amos Aaron Swige    Robert Guy Talcott  Harry Harvey A.B.  University   Michigan. Taylor  David W    Charles Warner  George Wengierski  Julius Francis Wheklinski  John Benjamin Williams  James Edward Wright  Adelbert S.  Jr. Evanston. Cairo. Hurley  S. Dak. Chicago. Clzicago. Clzica({O. Clzicat Chicago. Chicago. Cliicago. St. Joseph  Mich. Somonattk. Clz£ . Clz£ . Emmetsburg  Ia. Woodstock. SPECIAL STUDENTS. Amory  E. P. Barnes  Chester Davis Buntain  Cassius M. Clay A.B.  A.M.  LL.B.   Northwestern University. Childs  Robert LL.B.  Harvard University. Christopher  Henry Raymond Clendenning  Thomas C. Cleveland  Frank Clayton Ph.B.  University   Chicago. Cox  Howard Malcolm Davis  Oliver Colene! Dietz  Cyrus Edgar A.B.  LL.B.   Northwestern University. Dougherty  Ralph 'LL.B.  Harvard University. Drury  F. H. Eckhart  Percy LL.B.  Harvard University. Granger  Joseph  . A.B.  A.M.   St. Viateur'  College. Herbert  Lloyd LL.B.  Chicago Kent College   Law. Hollock  Roland Martin Honneger  Peter LL.B.  Northwestern University. Manzy  Amon LL.B.  Northwestern University. Ch£ . Kenosha  { Vis. Momence. Ch£ . Chicago. Cllica.({ . Ch£ . Chicago. Evanston. Gilman. C/ . Ch£ .({O. Chicago. Bourbonnais. C/ . Chicago. Chicago. Ch£ ({O. THE LAW SCHOOL. MacChesney  Nathan William LL.B.  University   Michigan. Clticago. McClure  Robert Samuel  Chicago. A.B .. University   Chicago  LL.13.  Northwestern University. Ortseifen  George Raltree  William LL.13.  Chicago Kent College   Law. Chicago. Clticago. Rice  Cyrus W.  River Forest. Riley  Henry  Chicago. Shervey  Charles 0.  Chicago. Smith  Claude vV.  Danville. Topliff  Samuel  Evanston. A.B.  Bowdoin College  LL.B.  Northwestern Uni· . Tyrrell  Pierce Crawford LL.B.  Northwestern University. Weeks  Harvey Thomas A.B.   Yale University. Wilson  Edward F. B.   M.E.  University   Michigan. Wise  Alorn Walker Wise  Everett L. A.13.  LL.B.  Harvard University. Yamaguchi  Shun Vlackos  Andrew John LL.B.  University   Greece. Young  Randall Boyer Eight. Cliicago. Chicago. Clticago. Chicago. Yokoliama  Japan. Tripolis  Greece. Red Oak  Ia. 31 HOLDERS OF ACADEMIC DEGREES. Colleges · DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW QUARTERS OF THE SCHOOL. Northwestern University Building School   Law .     TEemont House . Since 1833 Chicago'  Chicago. Here             Lincoln   Douglas 1858            Lincoln' 186o    Douglas ' Grant  Chicago. Many  May 23d            Professor Hurd ( August Bullett"      School). "        " Mr. Elbridge Keith         " Illinois . There .  ." Having Faculty           School'   .  School   . School' . All  Assembly Room       Booth Hall Library  Hurd Hall  Hoyne Hall            . 33 34 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Opposite           General Office. Portraits Presidents     Board   Trustees       Union College Law              Law Committee Trustees   Northwestern University School' . So         Dean '  Office Deans     School      Hon. Henry Booth            1859. Similarly Faculty Room (          General Office      Secretary' Office) Faculty School .   . Over University Mr. F. Parsons    Boston      · .   University Faculty   Law. Entering                Lincoln . Bissell                       School Booth Chapter            [ Phi Delta Phi. Beneath "      Tremont House             Abraham Lincoln During Often   And         1858 He With Stephen A. Douglas. Presented     Law School     Northwestern University Booth Chapter   Phi Delta Phi." Facing       Lincoln  Demosthenes  Cicero  Burke Choate  Clay    Douglas. Others  Erskine  Gratton  V.Tirt  Prentiss . Gettysburg . Library . On                 Court Room '       ' THE LAW SCHOOL. 35 '       .           Hoyne Hall Hon. Thomas Hoyne            1859. Over Thomas M. Hoyne  Esq.          School.         Practice Court   . These Illinois Federal     Illinois            Illinois .  Hon. James B. Bradwell          Cook County Court           Chicago Legal  .  ·          Illinois  School.                   Supreme Court   Illinois      Library                 . On Legal Aid Bureau ( School) . Beyond       Alumni Room  .  Chicago           .  Alumni Association  . Beyond Law Club Room . Last           Assembly Room . ))                  School . School . Dedicated    . . Over University           . HighNORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  . A  '  . On                 Lincoln Mr. Michael Merwin Hart          1904 Washington (    Mr. Parsons). Affixed '    "Ex Ex       Law."  English          English Inns   Court               England Marshall     Webster  .   Assembly Room       Lowden Hall Frank Orren Lowden  Esq.            Alumni Association. Assembly Room . On Hurd Hall    Harvey B. Hurd  LL.D.  Professor Emeritus             1901 02. His  State Supreme Courts. At Booth Hall    Hon. Henry Booth    Dean     School 1859   1892. Over School           Booth Chapter         Phi Delta Phi. Behind  . Socrates Blackstone _on   . Considerable Blackstone School   Miss Alice Cooper    Chicago          Blackstone Oxford                     . Around       Booth Hall (       )             English American     Mansfield  Eldon  Marshall  Story THE LAW SCHOOL. 37 Kent     .   English            Library (              Bartolozzi' ) School   1902          London    Mr. Charles C. Soule Boston      Mr. William V. Kellen    Boston United States.       Henry Wheaton  LL.D.  America' Mr. Kellen  Brown University         Wheaton'   . Leaving Booth Hall '          Library .  . At                      ( Hon. William A. Dyche)           University . On Bacon  Marshall Jefferson  Hamilton  Webster    Shaw . Thus Hale  Bentham  Kent  . . On  . To     Constitution Marshall Eldon  .  . Only . Of  School . REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE BRANCHES OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. Alumni Association Branches     Association     State   Territory Alumni     School Illinois     Cook County. A Secretary all__ Vice President Branch. Branches . Charles H. Blatchford  Esq.  General Secretary     Association (Ashland Block  Chicago) . Vice President Alabama William H. H. Judson  '65 Bessemer. Arizona Frederick S. Nave  '97 Tucson. California (  ) California (Southern) Colorado Georgia Idaho Indiana Indian Ter. Iowa Kansas Kentucky Michigan Minnesota Ebenezer Wakely  '71 Valdosta. Albert J. Green  '87 Moscow. Hon. Homer B. Dibell '90 Duluth. Secretary Henry B. Wilkinson  '97 Phrenix. Theodore W. Hubbard '96 Parrott Bldg. San Francisco. George P . Adams  'E7 Bullard Block Los Angeles. A. Lee Doud  '76 715 Ernest &amp; Cramner Bldg. Denver. James E . Babb  '84 Lewiston. Thaddeus M. Talcott  Jr. '96 South Bend. Harry Campbell Sapulpa. Barry Gilbert  ' Cedar Rapids. Theodore H. Morrison  '95 16o4 Fairmont Ave. Wichita. J. Clyde Nelson  '88 Sharpsburg. Henry F. Metzger  '97 Sault Ste. Marie. A. B. Choate  '83 410 Temple Court Minneapolis. THE LAW SCHOOL. 39 Vice President Secretary Missouri Jacob A. Harzfeld  '97 525 New York Life Bldg. Kansas City. Montana Richard A. Harlow  '85 Helena  Mont. Nebraska Hon. William J. Bryan '84  Alonzo P. Tarbox  '91 Lincoln. Bennett. New Eng. Hon. Sewell W. Abbott '83 Wolfborough  N. H. William F. Poole  Jr.  '93 185 Franklin St.  Boston  Mass. New Jersey Oliver L. Brown  '94 26 Telephone Bldg.  Newark. New Mexico John H. Stingle  Andrew M. Adams  '97 Albuquerque. Albuquerque. New York Hon. E. H. Gary  '67 New York City. William F. Myers  '93 Amsterdam. N. Carolina James L. Curtis  '93 Raleigh. N. Dakota Edward R. Sinkler  '96 Grafton. Ohio Josmh D. Kerr  '84 . Oklahoma Claud J. Bryant  '01 Lawton . Oregon Charles H. Glos  '94 218 Chamber   Commerce Portland. Pennsylvania Forest G. Moorhead  '01 Beaver. S. Dakota John F. Whitlock  '82 Forest City. Texas Edward W. Hander  '94 Waco. Utah Robert N. Freeman  '79 Salt Lake City. Virginia Clare E. Crawford  '97 Elmont. Washington Howard W. Waterman  1'00 Boston Block  Seattle  Wash. Wisconsin John K. Fish  'i4 Old Insurance Jdg. Milwaukee. Wyoming Charles F. Mallin  '94 Cheyenne. Dist.   Col. Phillip E. Winter  '83 814 "A " South East Washington. Hawaii Carl S. Smith  '96 Hilo. Mexico Hon. Wm. A. McLaren 1 A Jndependencia 36 Mexico City. Switzerland Joseph S. Kennard Lausanne. Japan Abo Shiosuke  '93 Tokyo. +  NORTHWESTERN U IVERSITY. BRANCHES   JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLlNOIS JUDICIAL DISTRICT NO  Secretaries. 2. Aaron J. Gould  ' 3. Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock  '82 4. Charles H. Holt  '92 5. Frank C. Van Sellar  '97 6. Thomas N. Cofer  '96 7. John A. Barber  '97 8. John D. Gray  '94 9. Conrad G. Gumbart  '95 10. Frank S. Fulton  '97 . William L. Mc Mahan  '92 12. Charles B. Campbell  '97 13. Wellington H. Shay  '94 14. William J. Sweeney  '95 15. Solon W. Crowell  '96 16. William M. Mercer  '01 17. John E. Goembel  '91 Address. Bone Gap. Edwardsville. Salem. Paris. Charleston. Farmers'  '  Bank Bldg. Springfield. Havana. Macomb. 419 Observatory Bldg. Peoria. Lincoln. 27 Arcade Bldg.  Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. 337 Coulter Blk.  Aurora. 502 E. State St.  Rockford. ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF WISCONSIN. Graduates     Law School           Bar   W . RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF ILLINOIS. Inquiries       Admission     Bar   Illinois N . W . Branson  Secretary     S   Board   Law Examiners  P    Ill. Illinois  Supreme Court     State State Board   Law Examiners "  Ottawa       Tuesday   March    Chicago Tuesday   May    Springfield     Tuesday September      Mt. Vernon     Tuesday   December " "     State       United States       "   Board   Law Examiners Illinois      41 42 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY.  Board    . All                  . Rule 2     Board   Law Examiners  Law School "Each   State. A    ' English        Algebra  Geometry  Ancient History  Physiology  Rhetoric  Physics    Physical Geography Botany   Bookkeeping Medi     Modern History English   American History       English   American Literature         English Composition . " English   American History Literature (Latin ) . "    " .         University   College  "2.                 State   "3.                 State  accomTHE LAW SCHOOL. 43    "4. State (  )  '  "5. State      100 "6.                   Illinois  University   College State President   Secretary University   College  "7.         President   Secretary University   College   ." Rule 5  "An Rule 39     Supreme Court .'   LOWDEN HALL (ASSE~ IBLY ROO~  ). HOYNE HALL (CO URT ROOM ).  V. DENT AL SCHOOL CHICAGO OIiers      '         del1ree   Doctor   Dental Surgery.  . .           1ear   535. University Dental School      . Northwestern University Dental School Northwestern University Building  Corner   Lake   Dearborn Streets Chicago. VI. SCHOOL OF MUSIC COLLEGE CAMPUS  EVANSTON Offers                   M    !  .                 Music .                      • .  Music. 1F          School   Music  Evanston  Illinoi•. VII. ACADEMY COLLEGE CAMPUS  EVANSTON Offers                      .  Academy. Young . Northwestern University Academy Evanston  Illinoi•. A   Academy          Grand Prairie Seminary University   Onarga  Illinois. Special         P! .  . An                  . Grand Prairie Seminary  Onarga  Illinoia. VIII. PRIVILEGES ACCORDED TO WOMEN Women           </text>
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