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21 10 545 https://plrccollections.org/files/original/f17cc728a44eba7b7d1ec2d69923c5a8.pdf 45799214e8f2abb32ec91b68b14e06d9 PDF Text Text SERIES VII NOVEMBER-JANUARY, 1908-09 NUMBER 2 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN SCHOOL OF THE OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS, CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �llniber~itp 11\irectorp ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS Sc. D., LL., D., President Special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on application. Address inquiries to the following: College of Liberal Arts The Registrar University Hall, Evanston, Illinois Medical School . The Secretary 2421-2437 Dearborn Street, Chicago Law School . The Secretary Northwestern University Building, Chicago School of Pharmacy • The Registrar Northwestern University Building, Chicago Dental School The Secretary Northwestern University Building, Chicago School of Music . The Secretary Music Hall, Evanston, Illinois School of Engineering The Registrar University Hall, Evanston, Illinois School of Commerce . The Secretary Northwestern University Building, Chicago Evanston Academy Evanston, Illinois Arthur Herbert Wilde, Ph. D., Principal Grand Prairie Seminary Onarga, Illinois Henry Hoag Frost, A. B., President Elgin Academy . Elgin, Illinois George Newton Sleight, A. B., B. Pd., Principal . For iieneral information address the President 87 Lake Street, Chicaao �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF NO. 2, SERIES VII NOVEMBER-JANUARY, 1908-09 I. Preliminary list of books in Gary Collection of LatinAmer'ican Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 II. Fiftieth Anniversary of the founding of the Law School .. . 9 III. An early Seventeenth Century plea for a liberal education for lawyers ........ ......... ... ... ..... ... .. . .......... 10 IV. Alumni Officers 1908-09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright, 1908, by Northwestern University. It ntered at the Post-office at Chicago, Ill., as Second-clas11 matter. ��I. PRELIMINARY LIST OF BOOKS IN GARY COLLECTION OF LATIN-AMERICAN LAWS. Realizing the growing need to American students and to American lawyers and investors of a collection of modern Latin-American laws, and the value of such a collection, particularly to this section of the country, the beginning of this collection was authorized by Honorable Elbert H. Gary, 1867, in March, 1go8, and steps were immediately taken to procure as much material as possible and render it accessible (to students and members of the bar) by the fall . of 1go8. Inasmuch as there is little bibliography on South American laws, and no extensive dealers who can be relied upon to furnish complete sets of modern codes, treatises, decisions and journals of any of the South American states, it was a problem what method should be used to procure prompt results. For the success in already partially solving this problem the Law School is greatly indebted to Robert J. Kerr, Esq., '95 ( of Kerr & Kerr), of the Chicago Bar, who maintains an attorney's office in Mexico City, and whose practice in the Mexican courts and familiarity with the laws of the South American countries enabled him, through the assistance of the State Department of the United States and a number of the diplomatic representatives of the United States in South America, to procure most of the material included in this preliminary list. It is ultimately purposed to follow, as far as possible, the plan of the Gary Collection o-f Modern Continental Laws; that is, include tmder each South American government and Mexico the modern Codes, or Statutes, decisions of Supreme Courts, leading treatises and leading law journals, for that government. Because of the reasons above stated, however, this collection cannot be completed in this manner for some length of time. ARGENTINA. Codes and Laws. Administraci6n de Justicia de la Capital, Leyes, Decretos y Reglamentos. Codigo Civil, 186g, amended 1882. Codigo, Comercial, 1889. Codigo de Mineria, 1886. Codigo Penal. Codi go Rural para los Territorios N acionales. Comunicaciones de! Departamento de Justicia e Instrucci6m Publica al Congreso Nacional. 1901 to 1906 inclusive. Unbound. General Regulations for the Post of Buenos Aires. Ley es y Decretos sob re J usticia Federal. Ley de Matrimonio. 3 �Ley de Organizaci6n de los Ministerios N acionales y Decretos Reglementarios. Ley de T ierras Publicas e Inmigraci6n. Proceedings of Congress. Unbound. Registro Nacional. 1895 to 1905 inclusive. Decisions. Fallos de la Camara Federal de Apelaci6n de la Capital, 3 vols. 1902-3. Fallos de la Camara Federal de Apelaci6n de Cordoba, 2 vols. Fallos de la Camara Federal de Apelaci6n de La Plata, 3 vols. Treatises. Digesto Constitucional por Arturo B. Carranza. 3d Ed. 1905. Opinions of the Law Officers of the Executive, 1852 to 189,1 inclusive. BRAZIL). Codes and Laws. Boletin dos Actos Concernentes de Patentes de Privilegio de Invenc;ao e Titulos de Garantias Provicorias ( 1891), r vol. Codigo Penal da Republica dos Estados Uniclos do Brazil: Conversao das Penas, Fianca, Prescripc;ao, Systema Peintenciario, Cellulas, etc., por Um Magistrado :Mineiro ( 1892), r vol. Codigo das Relac;oes Exteriores, 2 de Agosto de 1900 em 2 partes (2 vols.). Collec;ao das Leis do Imperio do Brazil de, 1833 to 1849 inclusive, 18 vols.; 1852 to 1856 inclusive, 5 vols.; 1858 to r86o inclusive. 4 vols.; 1865, r vol,; 1876 to 1889 inclusive, 23 vols. Collec;ao clas Leis <la Republica dos Estados Unidos do Brazil, 1891 to 1898 inclusive, 9 vols. Consolidacao <las Leis Civis (Collection of Civil Laws), by Teixeira de Freitas, last edition, r vol. Consolidac;ao dos Leis Referentes a J ustic;ia Federal, 1898, r vol. Consolidac;ao <las Leis Federaes Sabre a Organizac;ao Municipal do Districto Federal ( 1904), I vol. Decretos do Governo Provisorio do Republica dos Estados Unidos do Brazil, from the 15th of November to December 31, 1899, and supplement, 2 vols.; July I, 1899, to February 23, r8go, I vol.; November IS, 1889, to July 30, 1890, r vol.; January, 1890, to February, 1891 ( except the month of November, 1890), 14 vols. Nova Consoliclac;ao das Leis -das Alfanclegas e Mesas de Renclas da Republica dos Estados Unidos do Brazil, 1894, It vol. Decisions. Decisoes do Governo do Imperio do Brazil, 1808 to 1831 18 vols.; 1853 to 1868 inclusive, 21 vols.; 1870, 2 vols. ; 1873 to i876 inclusive, ro vols.; 1879 to 1889 inclusive, II vols. 4 �Decisoes do Governo da Republica E. U. do Brazil, 1906 inclusive, 29 vols. 1891 to Treatises. Abertura de Credito (Opening of Credits), by Dr. Paula de Lacerda. Apontamentos para o Diccionario Geographic do Brazil, A-E, F-0, P-Z, 3 vols. As Minas do Brazil e Sua Legisla,;ao, por Caloguras, 3 vols. Codigo de Processo (Code of Procedure), by Paula Renoa. Collection of the Laws of Civil Procedure ( Consolida,;ao das Leis de Processo Civil), by Ribras, 2 volsCommentario a Constituicao da Republica ( Commentary to the Constitution of the Republic), by Loao Barbalho. Contas Correntes (Current Accounts), by Dr. Lacerda. Cur so de Direito Civil ( Course of Civil Law), by Ribar. Direito Administrativo ( Administrative Law), by M. de Castro . Direito Administrativo (Administrative Law), by Ribar. Direito <las Cauzas (Law of Causes), by Lafayette. Direito da Familia (Family Law), by Clovis Bevilaqua. Direito <las Familias (Family Laws), by Lafayette. Direito International (International Law), by Lafayette, 2 vols. Direito Maritimo (Maritime Law), by Silva Carta, 2 vols. Direito das Obliga,;oes (Contract Law), bY. Clovis Bevilaqua. Direito Publico (Public Law), by Pimenta Bueno. Impastos (Taxes), ,by M. de Castro. J urisprudencia. Accordaos Proferidos em 1895 ( Compilado pelo Presidente do Supremo Tribunal Federal), 1 vol.; 1896 to 1901 inclusive, 6 vols. Modelos da Estatistica Poli tical e Judicaria, 1865. Responsabilidade Civil do Estado (Civi l Responsibility of the State), by Amaro Cavalcanti. Segurar de Vida (Life Insurance), by J. Nogueira. Varia Consolida,;ao (Various Collection), by Carlos de Car,·alho. CHILE. Estudios Sabre el Codigo Civil. Borja; 1899. Revista de Derecho y Jurisprudencia. October, 1903, to November, 1907 inclusive, txcept October and November, 1903, lacking. COLOMBIA. Codes and Laws. Codigo Civil, 1873, Ratified 1887. Codigo de Comercio, 1899. Contenido en un ejemplar de la Revista Forense. Codigo Postal y Telegrafia, 1907. Constitucion Politica, Leyes de 1905. Jurisprudencia, Torno I-1886 to 1902. Leyes, Anos, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1890, 18g2, 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1 903- 5 �Leyes, 1907. Acto general adicional y rcformatorio de la Constitucion N acional. Organizacion de! Servicio de Tesoreria. Vol. 1, 1904 to 1900 ; Vol. 2, 1900; Vol. 3, 1907. COSTA RICA. Codes and Laws. Codigo Civil, 1886. Codigo de Procedimientos Civiles, 1887. Prontuario de Legislacion Civil y de Jurisprnd encia, 1904. Decisions. Sentencias y Autos, Corte de Casacion, 1888 to 1907. CUBA AND PORTO RICO. Codes and Laws. Civil Code, translated into English. Criminal Procedure, Spanish and English. Law for Administration of Justice in the Spanish Colonial Provinces. Minor Laws. Penal Code, translated into English. Public Works. Electoral Law <if June 26, 1890. Porto Rico Federal Reports. ECUADOR. Codes and Laws. An uario de Legislacion, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905. Arancel de Aduana, 19o6. Codigo Civil. Codigo de Comercio, 19o6. Codigo de Enj uiciamientos Materia Ci vii, 1907_ Codigo de Enjuiciamientos Materia Criminal. Codigo Penal, 1906. Codigo de Policia, 1904. Constitucion Politica, 19o6. Decretos, 1906. Leyes, Interior, 1821 to 1846, Torno II. Leyes Miscelaneas. Recopilacion de Leyes, T orno I, Constituciones. Relaciones Exteriores Culto y Negocios Ecclesiasticos, T orn o II. Tratados, 1901 and HJ02. GUATEMALA . Codes and Laws. Codigo de Comercio, 1887. Codigo Penal, 188g. Codigo de Procedimientos Penales, 189R. 6 �Indice de Las Leyes, Urrutia, 1882. Leyes, 1871 to 1896. HAYTI. Codes and Laws. Le Code de Commerce. Le Code Penal et Le Code <l'Instruction Criminelle. Le Code Penal Militaire. Le Code de Procedure Civile. Le Code Rural. Laws and Proclamations, 1904, 1905, 1900 and 1907, 4 vols. Recueil de Lois sur !es Conseils Communaux. Recueil de Lois Usuelles de la Republique d' Haiti. Recueil de Traites et Conventions de la Republique d'Haiti. Treatises. Cours de Droit Administrative. Dictionnaire de Administration Haitienne. De la Nationalite en Haiti. Revie de la Societe de Legislation. HONDURAS. Codes and Laws. Codigo Civil, 1898. Codigo de Comercio, 1898. Codigo de Mineria, 1898. Codigo Penal, 1898. Codigo de Procedimientos Civiles y Criminales, 1898 and 1899. Ley Organica de Tribunales, 1897; Codigo de Procedimientos, Civiles y Criminal es ( 1898 and 1899). MEXICO. Codes and Laws. Arancel de Aduanas, 188o. Codigo Civil, 1870, 2 vols. Codigo, Civil, 1884. Codigo de Comercio, 1889. Codigo Penal, 1871. Codigo de Procedimientos Civiles, 1884. Codigo de Procedimientos Federales, 1897. Codigo de Procedimientos Penales·, 188o. Codigo de Procedimientos Penales, 1894. Coleccion Legislativa Completa de la Republica Mexicana ; Vol. 33, part 2, 1901; Vol. 34, 1902. Coleccion de Leyes de Reforma, 1868 to 1870, S vols. Convencion Postal Universal, Rome, 1906. Leyes y Decrotos Miscelaneos. Ley Notarial Federal, 1901. 7 �Leyes de Reforma, Col. por Lie. Blase Jose Gutierrez; Vol. 1, 1868; Vol. II, 1869; Vol. III, 1870; Vol. IV, 1870, and Vol. V, 1869. Tratados y Convenciones Vigentes, 1904 and 1907, 2 vols. Treatises. Bibliografia J uridica Mexicana, 1905. Civil Law of Spain and Mexico, by Gustavus Schmitt, 1851. Codigo de Extranj eria, Aspiroz, 1876. La Pena de Muerto. Mittermaier. Trad. por Rivera y Rio, 1873Leyes, Decretos, etc., para la Administracion de! Distrito Federal, Por Castillo Pelasca, 1874. Political and Ethnological Treatise. Aut. Garcia Cubas, 1876. Tran. by Henderson. Principios de Derecho Civil, Lie Agustin Verdugo, 1888. Report of Board of Commission; English, 1873. Journals. Diario de Jurisprudencia, 1904 to 1908, Q 12 vols. �II. FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE LAW SCHOOL. The fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Law School will occur in 1909, and it is proposed to celebrate this event by calling a National Conference on Criminal Law and Criminology, to meet in Chicago about June 7 next. A local committee has been organized, as follows: Chairman, Professor Roscoe Pound; Vice-Chairman, Colonel H. C. Carbaugh, U. S. A.; Secretaries, Nathan William MacChesney, Esq., and Frederic B. Crossley, Esq.; Exerntive Sub-Committee, Judge Orrin N. Carter, Judge Albert C. Barnes, Dr. Archibald Church, Dr. H. B. Favill, John J. Healey, Esq., Professor C. R. Henderson, Robert U. H_olt, Esq., Frank J. Loesch, Esq., Superintendent John L. Whitman, Professor J. H. \Vigmore; Members, Governor Charles S. Deneen, President Abram W. Harris, Charles B. Alling, Esq., Professor J. R. Angell, James L. Barbour, Esq., Professor Harry A. Bigelow, Dr. Sanger Brown, William H. Cruden, Esq., Jacob M. Dickinson, Esq., Professor Herbert J. Friedman, Judge Stephen A. .Foster, Professor Ernst Freund, Dr. Rudolph Holmes, Professor W. E. Hotchkiss, Thomas lVf. Hoyne, Esq., Dr. Joseph G. Kiernan, Judge George Kersten, Dr. G. Frank Lydston, F, Emory Lyon, Esq., Judge Julian W. Mack, Robert McMurdy, Esq., H. H. C. Miller, Esq., Dr. Harold U. Moyer, Judge Harry Olson, George R. Peck, Esq., Professor Walter D. Scott, Chief George M. Shippy, Dr. Eugene M. Talbot, Professor Graham Taylor, Henry W. Thurston, Esq., Judge Richard S. Tuthill, Superintendentant Frank P . Tyrrell, James H. Wilkerson, Esq., Hobart P. Young, Esq. This Committee will have in charge the selection of delegates to be invited on behalf of the University and the L aw School, and the arrangement of the program. One of the chief purposes of the Conference is to bring together for conference and discussion the leading men in the United States in law, medicine, psychology, sociology, penology, juvenile courts, legal aid societies, etc., who by their work have shown themselves interested in a practical way in the problem of dealing with criminals, with the belief that such a conference, with its resulting interchange of ideas and information, will quicken the conscience of the country at large and lead to an active attempt to remedy many of the grave defects in that part of our present legal system related to the criminal. As soon as prepared a detailed account of the proposed celebration will be mailed each alumnus, and when prepared a program will be mailed members of the bar. 9 �III. AN EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PLEA FOR A LIBERAL EDUCATION FOR LAWYERS. The plea or argument following is a facsimile reproduction of Chapter V of one of the volumes in the Gary Collection of English Historical Legal Literature, the title page of which reads: "The English Lawyer. Describing a Method for the Managing of the Lawes of this Land. And expressing the best qualities requisite in the Student, Practizer, Judges and Fathers of the same. Written by the Reverend and Learned Sir John Doderidge, Knight, one of the Justices of the King's Bench, lately deceased. London. Printed by the Assignees of J. Moore, Esq. M. D. C. XXXI." It is reproduced at this time as a historical illustration of the attitude of one of England's judges in 1631 on a problem now being considered by American Bar Associations and Universities, and as a revelation of the similarity of argument, then ":nd now, on both sides of the question, whether a college training should be required as a condition for admission to law schools and to the bar. IO �---- -·----- -- - - - - ·--- CAP. li~e:=t::a~;;a=~\i:= y. Hus w icll as convenient brev itie and perfpicuay-as I could havt: l declar_ed thofe natural abilities that I wi(h him that 0 fhall unJ~rrake the fiudy of ·.u:~~~~-~;:"1>11 the Law to bee fumitned withall. There doth now farther remaine a confideration of thofe qualitie5 that arc acquired by indufirY., and not ingrafred by nature, wherewith i_t win (doubleffe) be behoovfull alfo,that our fiudent tbould be adornc~ Thofeacquired qualities whereof I (pe-ake,areof two forts, fomt' _of them perfe-e-1.t.ng our under. flandmg, and inriching ou..r knowledge, .indothers reclifytng our wills, and dueetin~ ourbew hav1ours and manners. Of the fir ft k1ndc arc the J/ert uu l ntd /e{/11.ill. Of the fecv.od fort att- the rerttw M M11!f. • F1rfl of all therefore let us fpeake ill order of thofe /nuOeCiua,/1 Vert11-ts; And let US a little fall into di fpute, whether any other knowledge bee nec-dfull for a Lawyer, fave onely thatofh1sfclfe profeffio~ l'meanethe knowledgt of the Law; And if there be- any of thofe mtt/JtlllMII. endow. ments neceffary, Then, which and how many ,of tltefli are necdfull,ai2d mwhat fenfe, mcafure and E ·a under. �(ii') nr,d('rr\andingthey be~ conceived and adjudge<I . Some men there are which thin~c that a Law.. yer Ibouid not need muc!l to ~ee trollbled -wick any other learning then thlt w hkh is cheir owne, whofc rc-afrms and motives th.:-rcunto, kc us pro. pofeand chorowly weighandexamincchefame> fo that as well fuch ids are of tbe one: p.1rt) as of the contrary ,may be tl.lercby the beet er cilled itl· to confideration. 1,.,. ;,;~·"J . ~heir firfl reafon ·is drawnc from ~xpenence; ,~,'"""'~• for It hath often h.ipned and appeared m every age (fay they J that there have beene many excellent Lawyers within thii land, of Jeepe ,u<lgement, grC'at underO:aoding, profound knowledge -m their profeffion, of readv and apt eloquuuon,a!ld yet no fchollers at all ; utterly ignorant of any o. ther additionall erudition, then their ho,uebrcd maturaU gifts. Thefe men have beene famous in their timcs)iave undergone gteat affaires.,as well in the C01.1rtsof ourSoveraignes, asin the Tribunalls, wherein th~y ha,·e been worthily placed, and alfo generally in the greatefi: bu!inc{fe of the Kingdome and Common wealth; fo that th_e number of thefe men from time to time have not beene few~ Therefore H the knowkdge of th¢ Law may be gotten without other learning, whac need then _to ·bcfiow time in the obtaining of tho!e Arts, when as the Grammer Schoolc yed. detb af :1pt Plants forthis profeffion, as the Vni- 01.,,_,. - fo to be bchoovcfull. 7.lf11t1•• vcrftty. Secondly, they fay ti.at the knowledge ofthe . Law f,..j,wi,. �(29) ilaw]s·lftirrncd to be It.tr•• ditvi11••• him•~ .~'""'1"' s,ienti,z, it doth containc the ktiowledg~ ·of ail divine. & h~mane things;& therfore: he that hath obtained that knowleoge~at_h therein ·comprifed, induded, and containedall ocher knowl~dges, and· need n~t to bu_!ie himfclfe farther with chc fearch of a~y other, as having obtained thckno\ylcdgcof the Law, which is tmly fiiled The Science of Sciences ; for the knowledge of the Law is as Iargc,and as ample as the mareria.U fubjell, and the matters and caufes whereof it ueatcth,whereofcontention or £½rife may gro~~ orupol-'1 which they may bee grounded: for the .end and final! fcope of the Law is, 111 fapiAntur j11rgi.t; foample is thisfubjecl:, as all thofe things whereofmen may have property or poffe.ffion,.or whereupon or concerning which i~ries and wrongs may be offered or i11ferred. This.:dly,they lay that we tlmuld confider; that ~-A,ttriunArs tjl !1nga,11it11·hrevic, the fiudy of the Law is, eitttr ic ai".•11ltor11m ~nnorumop,u, it is the wor~~ of many t~r,,;;,,,j11ycarcs, the attaining whereof\vill wafie_rhegrea. r11• tefi part ofthe verdour and vigour of QI.tr youth, · aud therefr5tetbe fooner we d~e apply our felves unto the fiudy ofcbe Law,it will be the better for our e-afe ; for in a long jour~ey , bee that ~ath found· out t~e lhort~ft way,with much eafe an~ in leffe time commcth to his journeyes end. And to CQndt.tde with theOrato~s-worJs ;. ls. Aflttm &1111/11el11t11, in #s 'JNlf flint in.ufo C111itdt1m vll/gAri dC fore,tji, rtm1tiMNe ,~ttril fl,ulijrtJ•A!""'il tAji11: ,1111-, JI• R'J"' /'4'M'"· 111·1,,c,.11~11erev,tit~di,a1) £ 3 n,(lu �(30) miles .ttque dies 11rge4111r, ( What bee faith of.his Ora tour, thefe men apply to the fi~1d~nt of our Law) Let cherefo~e our fiudent of the Law be concluded ~d cOQlpiaffed~within the bOJJods of _his owne profoffion,and ex:ercife,d in things ofvulgar and ordinary uftdacivillcaufes, and all other forraigne !h1dies being rcli nqu i<hed, let him bee night and day emplo,yed in diis fole .'~o(ke. l(:iefe aQ4thc like, arc the allegations a11d argum@rtts of rhoCe men that remove the knowledge. of all forraigne Arts and Sciences liberall from the fiutient of the La,v-, But, whatof the other part may·be faid, ,vhat rcafon 1_1Jay be pr(}"duced and vedfied, and how thefe objections may be anfwered,let us 0~ferve; leaving all other particular enforcement to/ theit propel' and peculiar pl~ces! . . Rt .ttd ri; - Firfi: therefore, that is very true which hath beene affirmed, t:1a~y excellent l!1en there have beene,thatbythe1r_g1fts alone which ~tur~hath beftowed upon them v,.rithooJ other .addition~of Art or lea.rning,bave attained to a profound and deepe knowledge ofthe Lawes ofthis. land. :nut to conclude thereof, thatall other menmav bee fo exqi.ri{ire by the_i_r example withoutJarther beipt and furnicure then their owne, were, ,mucli ·like to him that woulq affirme,becaufe fome:,men by their_firength have travailed a long .joetncy on foot, thtr~fore no other rn;1n fbr that pi.Jrpofc: -fuou!d need the he1pe ofan horfc(;; Bur.i.f..thofe trien offuch namrall :vigour in their-:f~~.:.~e,y -~d led (as the J?rovtrbiall f~ecl:x is J the.ir horfe.. ~a6tu. 10 �(Jt) .io~tlwithand,,: thatis;had bcenc.affiR:ed with:thc helps·,of, oilwl' learnin~ they, had ·-beenci. much more·-eMceHcnt·; and attaim'tf· that knt>wledgc withtno,;:efadtity and certainty, for t~efr gold oarcco~ming out of their namraUMine, a1113. of their home-brood, was ~fufficierltlydrered qf his droffe; Their fpeeches' have wanted perfpi:. cuity ~nd brevi~y, their argµments ~lthougll deeply learned·an<l full of exccl_letc··mattet, yet have oftcmimesbecme redious,confnied and pct plexed, and their opinions:wavcringandunCet~ led,and coulcf not neatly,and expedircly dehver thcmfdves; becaufc Come meA are by nature skilthU Painters,C.arvers,or excellent in any ma. nuall occupation ( as fome there .are) therefore none '(hould be boun4' -1Apprelltkes to thofe trades were a wondtrfull abfurd allegation : M<'o 1 are muficall by ~ature, many b~ve ·good 1 voyccs.whkh Art cannot yeetd, therefore artiti:. call-:Mu ficke (which isthe pctfeQUQti ·of the _na.; tUraH) iliould be banifheJ, \Yerea-firange illatio? Aithough·a rmnmay goe alone, yet he wereunwikto nfuf~ the hd pe of a ftaffe wh,::>re occafion mquitadtheuft.;-an.Jopporrtmityolfered it felfe: lt hath.beeoo faidby·us in the for~r part whetccua6on w~ offered, that Arrtruly ~1~d is the pcrfedi(}» Qf namre ; Art hath alfo namrall r , ~~m@ ·\fJ,lS invented f~ Nam res furt~e~ rance4 Fct mamwifedotne devifed rttNu\es out effmJUmtilf~ .md long experience, to ripen ~es~trol'l$~ byprerepts; and precepts Jaydtog•r~ve mge!l!~rfd Aus. Men nam. rally �-(JI) r.itlyan number. yet they pave qevircdunuqy w~yes, ,by cypher, by, Counters, -and by. oth~r for11;1estoaflifr nature, and to dcale with fundry for~es by the exerei{e of Arithmenckc.,. the Art .of numbrmg, and to bring to paffe ftrange eff'elts fjlr; beyond the ability,, pay to the marvell and .aftopilhment of men onely holpc:n by the power Qfeature. Surely fometimcs_ftt<;h circum!lances have happened {i( not. often) to thofcmcn of fuch excellent gifts naturall without orher !ear. ning, wherein they have for want of good ~irerauuc fomuch beene mif-Ied, that they have at unp awares bewrayed themfdveS' , . ignorant .even -in -triviall ,things, , and expofed .thcm~lves co no fmall f~rne·andobloquy.. T~is-hath beene anciently obferve4.,:andis ob-vious.every day; but.becaufe I ,will lance no new fore, lwillfet downe what the Roman ·oratour obferved., . fpeaking of fi.tch natnrall -.exa;llent m,en ofhis time, l~t ~ee therefore ufe his wo!ds; !z.!!.,id ttg, h0& fteri _tll~IN AUi dif/ p~tefl.;: q«,m llincJerfonartJ' fofltperil llf tt111i&1rNm &11:tr~ft~ &~11fafquetueG.tut, l11b1_rat1(1bm fucturru,4gru mttJ,,, .r,ur,:dffliOos e.wittt, itAl,hi;Nt 11/eftmifer,n,ti111;''41,, irriJe11dw effe vidtttlur. What can bee mo_re ,un. feemly either_tobe done,or to,be fpokcn.,th;-that he which fuftaineth & hath t.~K~n upoahitn that perfon,as to defend the aufes ana ·contt0vct-fi~ of his-frie11ds,to fuccour theopp.re[C'd;t() relieve • thegricyed, to raife th~ ~fHia~-(which .a~-thn properties as well belpngtng to thel,awycr, as• d2c Oratout) fo mm infnjalland tri,ia.U tb~ If"' ·to �_(it) to errca&d be deceived, that fome. lhould hold him wo~y to ~ec pittied, ~dorlrers ma~ him: thefubje~ofdirifioti;. ·Andhenceisit tbatin.ollr owne tim(!s fo fatre'.this matterharh becne urged, 'that in fcorne f9,me ha,·e ·~alled the crer;r ot un.. lea.med:Lawyers, D.oll11_m quod~~- genm inJ(}(l~~ ,:am /J4minam: ,B~t to rernrne that reproach from whence fr fprttng,_ to the ho~ur _c fthc illidy of our Lawes tic it !poken,that the Profeffion qf011r Lawes_hath now, and formerly hath had great .numbers of.!ludcors that have had as long, and as tmpk iMlitution mt9ofe fcir:nces ~alled tiberall, -~ any of the •. A~d if I tpigbt re~embar old Origmal ls from the tune of the Norm11n Cgnq11efl, tm.,. .till thtdat.te.rday.es of King Henry the third, as _v;~~Lthe ·It.tdg~.s itin·erate.th~ough the Counties, as tbofe tlta_t wese fcdentarie in ·tbeJ(ings high Courts ofluflicc;( which then for the mot\ part .fullowed h.isperfon) ,ve.re men excellcntiy·skilled in alt generall good learning, as.doe witndfe the workso~ that worc~y Iudge Henry de_Bralun, Ht11rJM ..,nd .Zohn JJnttcw folllctunes ·a learned B1thop of Br;,810,,, 1,.H erefo1'd,skilfull in the LawesofthisRealme,who 8ritt111 B;JI,. wtif a tr~atife, ~y cofl:lrnaodem:ent~ and writ of ef.Hw~fj.J, -Kmg E mvuJ t~ firfr .. as an In{htutJon to tbc:aa.. <ly_ofthe la\TeS ofthi·s Realme:, fervi~gthat.timc. .Soalfo,was M.myn de P11.-u-hull wmettmes Deane P""'1, of P4u/s-in Lfna'an,.of.whom the faiEJ Brl0,11 maketh honourable mention, together with divers .urher note4 mcu ofrare learning,not onely in die!· Lawesofthis.Realme, but in all foirtaine.k.no•.kdgei.t:fot them~-. And thefc men ctxexiE fed :'Z",. D:::.f �(34) fc·d judiciall funcl:.ions in the TeroporaH Court~ ofth1sRealme,whercof.our,records being•& 71,., tujlatu & verit41isve.f}igi~, the lively. reprefenta.. tions ofcime and rrm-h, :md'. reputed the Trea~ fores of the Kingdome,doey~eld plenrifulltdli;. -mony.. What {hc,uld 1 farch~r· commemorate the names, and revive the memories of our wor.. thy Anceilors, Berle, Berefard,Th.orpe,Finden,Eef.. k11ap, flourill1jngin th~ victorious times of King k.,nApp tt,;,p,. EdwardJhc ch1rJ? \/\, hofe deege, thorr,fobule, ri 1':.Eil.j. pithy and lear~e<l Law...arguments'; · a!guc·mor~.. over thus much, that they were foffic;iently furnt-,_ filed irl ,hat Schoole-kaming, which in thofc· timeswas in mo !l ·efi~eme. Let me no.ch€re forgec,or paffc...~.)ver in filenc_ethofeexccllendudges Nt"#ton Pri- in the raigneo.fKitig Henry the fixt, _NrwtoJ#,! Pfl.-, (1t Fonefc11,:fatt, F1rttfaue, wluch 'man-lafr named~ was Iir}f ,,;,pw, H.6~: Cbatmcellor to the P.dnce, and afret ~chiefo Itr'· .fticeofthe Kiugs.Bench,an.dwas exceJlemiy-k.u:<ncdin&)ivinity ,;Philof-0phy, Law both&defra~ _,fiicall,~d the Lawe~ ofthi,_Realme; as the little ,Treatife written by liim 'i1i, r_h¢' praife' of out Lawes, in the Lltine tongue ;and fume other MS\. nufcriptslhavc feene.of his worke .o f a higher fubject;doe evidently declare. But'I wiltrepreffe my fclfe, relling in this, place upon 1:hat which n(!l\1t..is already ipoken, Iea~ing ,otht>r particulari.. ties u.ofiU we ~me to determine· of ·ocher ·p·cell'!. liar; Sciences~ •,r,.Mlr,,. To tbe feconq ohjcction it may well bee affir~ •· .med,.thattheknowledge.ofthe Law is truly lli~ -lc4;,lttr#.W d:ivi11du,n humAnartmUJd~ s,ie11ti11;)111i fieJlf: ,r-e, ;;;:u,,,z;: WO.t-.. �(;J) wprthilnn1Pt1ted to be the Sdcgreof Sciences;~ and thar~herein Hes hid the knowledge almot\: of c~ry othet: learned f~ie~ce: But yet-! pr:1r,coq11f!er, that thofc forraine know ledgc:s, are noi-in1*rcnt or inbred in the Lawes, but rather as a borro.ve:J light not found tbcre,,;bm brought ¢_ithcr-,anJ ,carn. ed . elfcwhcre by them char hav~ aporneJ a.ml p<?htncd the fiudies of the Lawes •• Fer Gnce the materiall fubjecl:.of the Law is fo ample_ (as indeed it is) con°ai,ning all things chat rray.,qc co,~JtOv~.r_ted. Th~ H:u~y- of th~. L~wes ttu:n1~w(\,o(M9effi~y. !\re.rch.out ·her_ ha~d,.and · ~ravt to bcholpcnanJ afli!l:cdahµo!\ ot ~11 ocher ~ci.cr.c~s; Thrre(orc this objeclion ma~ well bee ~yc,r_teq agalnfi them t~~.~- doc urg~ .t~. fame,. :ifl4. pr9veth_r~thcr _that. Piofeff9.:r. 9f the: lawes-thould be furtufhed w1tn tbe·knowledge of aU good. litf~aturt of m<;>!\ of th.e Sciences Ji~ bcr-114_ for if a man may obfervc the:ufc (?{ ·tlJofe·. !4icricestl}Jie hidden in the Law , who then may better u 'them er obferve them, t-hea: he which isalready fornifhed with them. And ifthe k_now.. ledge ofthe Law,doe receive Qrnament by thof~ 'P:-- fe cruaiti<>~s(as h hink no man;Can f.ienic)it fhall bevery exp~dient a'rid well,l,e~t~ing the ftudent .of the La~cs,ro.h.ave fi_r!\ famd1a~1ty and ~c9uamtance w.1th them , and to bee mftrueted ia tha ~me. . · -But it may becobje~ed,tbat. thc·Lawyer f'hall not need the k.n6wledgc of thofe -Arr~ ~m(elfe~ when opportunity lhall be offered, and when nue~ll tliall ari-ie, wherein the; Lawver. {hall 'l . . 'C --· ' A.:....I 1r. 3 ltilfflll �(36) !land ia need or refolution of any of tho(e Sds-ces, he may conferre, and bc·e mtormed by the Profe!fors of the- fa:ne, to hh gooJ !atisfadion., although himfo.lfebe n0c expert chcrun. MJny timcHhere have beene (and may bc-e hcre.1fcerJ Appe.ales of_MJyme brought by 1i1ch p.mics as m private fight ·and _oth~rwife by v mknce hJ\'C r~ceived maimc, that 1s, rhutil,1tion ~rnd loffeof a ~,,. member of hi~ body ferv1crab)c for. offtr.ce or defence again{\ tl:ofc parties that (o havr hurt them,,and many times queflioIJ & dcbJte ~ailed~ .. whcth{:r the hurt fo received, be w bee aJjuJged a Maime,yea or no? So that the ludges.1reofren. times enforced to conferre with Chyrurgiam for their fuffrage a.nd refo1ution; wrn you thc:refore require your luJges, Profd1brs and fl'uJmts of the Law to be alfo Surgeons, or s~iifllll in the Art of -Cbymrgcry ? that were altogether uncomdy. ThisobJe-6\ion is-tafily anfwerc.-d and avoyded, for firfi the-re is a grc.-at di~rc.-nce i"n thi"=> refpcct berweenemanilall Arts and occupations wroui;ht by the dextc:riry of the hand, and t~ofe that are fciences and venues ii1te1Ieclual1 adorning th~ Minde,asarethc Liberall. The Lawes of tbis Rcalme_ doe appoint DO o. ther trial ot a Maime,then the v.iew ofthe ludgc-, for a Mayme is fuch as for the mo{\ part is vifible and fubjeclunto fcnfe; And therefore if upon fome doubt or occa!ion conceived, by reafon of the view, the Iudges doe de{ire th¢ conference of expert ChyrL!rgians for the better fatisfacHon of �(J7) oltbeirconfdNlee: This is no matter of nccc~ty to impon,che ludges, ?ut matter of difcrction one! y_,in not being too precipitate ,but rather mature in th<;ir ju.igcmem, as they ought; and w <ht'w themftlves.racher will_ing to goc: onwJrd wnh och~rs,thcn to run alone ofchemfdves.Ar.J· lx·rein the Judges ;ire nottyrd tO the opi'1i.on of tlle ChymrgiJn, Qtherw1(c then hee findet!i tbc famc:to be confor;rableanJ grounded upon fuch gooJ and app.uent reafon as may yedJ fu,ll Gui{:. fa.llinn and cententme"'nt : But when tbe <]ll\fl:ion {nal be moved web fhal require informario of any, karned fdence which is gotten by difcourfe pf rtafon; Afthough in thofe cafts the laudable comfes har{!ever beenc ifl our Courrsoflu~ice, toh(:"'a,re rhe Profdfors of thcfe fcienccs to <lif.. pure ;ind Jebate the mat t~r ~ontroverred before our r ribt.mall and juJgernenr feats ,, yet no man can Jeny,but it is better todrawoneqraughtout of the ·pure fonntaine it fetf.._-,then to quench ou.r th1rit q11 of derived iheac1es,for Dulcim rx ,p(, Jonte btbuntur aq,u. ror in every Sde-nc~ which doth-.depen~ upon rl1fcou'i frof reafon, che-rc are many fundamenta1J: Maximc-s and Principalls not to bee changed·.iµ any future refolution,but rather to be received as guides to direct , which at' rhe firfr will feerl)e har(h to futh:as have not beene-ir.mred unto them, and therefore itweteperillou~ to the ludgc and Profeffor of the Lawes, and he {half not bee able e-ithe~to receive tohimfclfe, ortogiveto others fatisfa6Hon, excepthee'.canbyhisproper know- F 3 ledge �(JS) kdgc diiccrne of che comrover11c. For we fur~. ly k!'ION NMexrf!attJ a/Jcr1m1, fadrnrn fCU11uffi co_gnofomw, and if wee bave knowledge in thqfe fcii:c11.:<:s cur (elves, we (11.ill the better apprd1cnd :rnJ undcrlbnJ c\1c rc,1fons of t!tqfc m.1ttcrs (<) diklokd by r.kb,1Cc: And thus I k,1vc the frconJ f'. -/p ...i,~r. 11;un Ob;d?. objcdwn. To tbc:thirj,la:1,and n-aineob_e-.'.lion,chismay be pwJuc<:d tor ,ll\ anf--vcr, th.1t though trnc it bee Vrf4 bre-v~, e,f1,1r,rs /Q,'lga, our life is fhort and fullofc.1!cit111c1\,·s, .rnd k.11wng i:; alongtim~· m gem ng, vet m..iy wet.' nu in n·fptet of tl1ort lilc 111uc u1) a :10iir r nd<.·,1 vou rs for tea re of an end; for chcrdurc th_. Pcnod of om life is fc,1kJ up fr()m mJns ~nowk,!gc, firn for that wee (hou!.d uceaJ. w .a yes rr.id y w!:cn \\'(' .ue called hence; 5econ<l-ly, for cha, che (care of a knowne death t11ollld not d.wnr or interrupt om endeavour~; Likcwifo th~ ver,!me o(our yonger ycJrcs isbc(t imploicd and f})C'nt 1t10bt,tlll10gofthofo fcic.-ncesJ forthenare we mot1 .ipc th<"reunco. An<l as the tludy and pr~-:11cc of MorJll Philofophy (as Art doth wit# t1elTc) is not firtt·ll for men ov~r yong; fo likcwife the !1udy of the Law which h.ith his fo~1udario w Mor all Philofophy ( both having one end gene. rall,namdy ,the recrifying ofour maoners) doth rc-<J_t1ire fomc maruriry ofyecrcs, and not co bee. fet upon by infanu in ycercs, judgement ,and caq nagc. And fo lik~wife 01aU wee findc in ,1 loog ,ourney, thilt the fairdl: way fa better although fomewhat farther about, then a (honer rough way ,fwd to nndc and difficultto kccpc; and in th~ �09) the end alfo t0 anrwer that clofeor UpinOt dra\Vfl from TuU,es Or11tor; I wo!.lld you {hou1d like. wife re.member for conclulion of this quefti(m that which he affirmcth, Non enim·Caujid1cum ntfcio quem, nee pr~cl11m11-t~rtm iut rabulam hoc (ermonc mjlro c6nquirimtu, fed eum vi rum qui pnmdm fit tjttJ.Artis Amijles~&c. V\'c fcckc nor hc-rcby to inftitute I know not what manner of vL1lgar profcffor ofche Lawes, no common blancrer or tr. merifi-, but that man ,vhich may prove in the end anexceUencandchicfe Pillar, Prop anJ Or. nam.cht of his profctlion. �IV. OFFICERS OF THE LAW SCHOOL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION FOR 1908-'09. President, Alfred D. Eddy, 1879, IIS Adams St., Chicago. First Vice-President, Sigmund Zeisler, 1884, First National Bank Bldg., Chicago. Second Vice-President, Redmond D. Stephens, 1899, Corn Exchange Bank Bldg., Chicago. Third Vice-President, Frederick Burnham, 1905, 215 Jackson Blvd., Chicago. Treasurer, Samuel E. Knecht, 1891, State Bank of Chicago, Chicago. Secretary, Daniel P. Trude, 1904, 79 Clark St., Chicago. 24 �J}ortbtut~tern Wnfbtr~ftp (l The location of Northwestern University in and near a large city, and property to the value of $9,000,000. afford advantages that cannot be excelled. (l THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, located at Evanston, in an ideal college community, offers preparation for pursuits requiring broad training. (l THE MEDICAL SCHOOL is one of the oldest and largest. Seven hospitals are open to students. (l THE LAW SCHOOL, the oldest law school in Chicago, offers unexcelled library facilities and prepares for immediate practice in any state. (l THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY offers a scientific training in Pharmacy and Chemistry. (l THE DENTAL SCHOOL offers expert training in theory and practice. Facilities unsurpassed. (l THE SCHOOL OF MUSIC affords preparation for music as an accomplishment and a profession. (l THE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING offers advanced courses in all branches of engineering. New building completed 1908. (l THE SCHOOL OF COMMERCE offers University evening courses in accounting, banking, and business. Located in Chicago. (l The University maintains Academies at Evanston and Elgin, the Grand Prairie Seminary at Onarga, and the School of Oratory at Evanston. Address the President, 87 Lake Street, Chicairo. ~banston anb QC{J1cago �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series VII, Number 2 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1908-1909 November-January Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1908 November-1909 January Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES VII NOVEMBER JANUARY NUMBER NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY \ ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS Sc. D. LL. D. President Special University QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF NO. SERIES VII NOVEMBER JANUARY . Preliminary Gary Collection Latin Amer' Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. Fiftieth Anniversary Law School .. . III. An Seventeenth Century ........ ......... ... ... ..... ... .. . .......... IV. Alumni Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ..... MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright Northwestern University. Post Chicago Ill. Second clas . . PRELIMINARY LIST OF BOOKS IN GARY COLLECTION OF LATIN AMERICAN LAWS. Realizing American American Latin American Honorable Elbert H. Gary Inasmuch South American South American . Law School Robert J. Kerr Esq. ' ( Kerr & Kerr) Chicago Bar ' Mexico City Mexican South American State Department United States United States South America . Gary Collection Modern Continental Laws South American Mexico Codes Statutes Supreme Courts . Because . ARGENTINA. Codes Laws. Administraci Justicia Capital Leyes Decretos Reglamentos. Codigo Civil . Codigo Comercial . Codigo Mineria . Codigo Penal. Codi Rural Territorios N . Comunicaciones ! Departamento Justicia Instrucci Publica Congreso Nacional. . Unbound. General Regulations Post Buenos Aires. Ley Decretos J Federal. Ley Matrimonio. Ley Organizaci Ministerios N Decretos Reglementarios. Ley T Publicas Inmigraci . Proceedings Congress. Unbound. Registro Nacional. . Decisions. Fallos Camara Federal Apelaci Capital . . Fallos Camara Federal Apelaci Cordoba . Fallos Camara Federal Apelaci La Plata . Treatises. Digesto Constitucional Arturo B. Carranza. Ed. . Opinions Law Officers Executive . BRAZIL). Codes Laws. Boletin Actos Concernentes Patentes Privilegio Invenc Titulos Garantias Provicorias ( ) . Codigo Penal Republica Estados Uniclos Brazil Conversao Penas Fianca Prescripc Systema Peintenciario Cellulas . Um Magistrado Mineiro ( ) . Codigo Relac Exteriores Agosto ( .). Collec Leis Imperio Brazil . . r . . . Collec Leis < Republica Estados Unidos Brazil . Consolidacao < Leis Civis (Collection Civil Laws) Teixeira Freitas . Consolidac Leis Referentes J Federal . Consolidac < Leis Federaes Sabre Organizac Municipal Districto Federal ( ) . Decretos Governo Provisorio Republica Estados Unidos Brazil . r . IS . ( ) . Nova Consoliclac Leis Alfanclegas Mesas Renclas Republica Estados Unidos Brazil . Decisions. Decisoes Governo Imperio Brazil . . . i . II . Decisoes Governo Republica E. U. Brazil . Treatises. Abertura Credito (Opening Credits) Dr. Paula Lacerda. Apontamentos Diccionario Geographic Brazil A E F P Z . Minas Brazil Sua Legisla Caloguras . Codigo Processo (Code Procedure) Paula Renoa. Collection Laws Civil Procedure ( Consolida Leis Processo Civil) Ribras Commentario Constituicao Republica ( Commentary Constitution Republic) Loao Barbalho. Contas Correntes (Current Accounts) Dr. Lacerda. Cur Direito Civil ( Course Civil Law) Ribar. Direito Administrativo ( Administrative Law) M. Castro. Direito Administrativo (Administrative Law) Ribar. Direito < Cauzas (Law Causes) Lafayette. Direito Familia (Family Law) Clovis Bevilaqua. Direito < Familias (Family Laws) Lafayette. Direito International (International Law) Lafayette . Direito Maritimo (Maritime Law) Silva Carta . Direito Obliga (Contract Law) bY. Clovis Bevilaqua. Direito Publico (Public Law) Pimenta Bueno. Impastos (Taxes) M. Castro. J . Accordaos Proferidos ( Compilado Presidente Supremo Tribunal Federal) . . Modelos Estatistica Poli Judicaria . Responsabilidade Civil Estado (Civi Responsibility State) Amaro Cavalcanti. Segurar Vida (Life Insurance) J. Nogueira. Varia Consolida (Various Collection) Carlos Car · . CHILE. Estudios Sabre Codigo Civil. Borja . Revista Derecho Jurisprudencia. . COLOMBIA. Codes Laws. Codigo Civil Ratified . Codigo Comercio . Contenido Revista Forense. Codigo Postal Telegrafia . Constitucion Politica Leyes . Jurisprudencia Torno . Leyes Anos g Leyes . Acto Constitucion N . Organizacion ! Servicio Tesoreria. Vol. Vol. Vol. . COSTA RICA. Codes Laws. Codigo Civil . Codigo Procedimientos Civiles . Prontuario Legislacion Civil Jurisprndencia . Decisions. Sentencias Autos Corte Casacion . CUBA AND PUERTO RICO. Codes Laws. Civil Code English. Criminal Procedure Spanish English. Law Administration Justice Spanish Colonial Provinces. Minor Laws. Penal Code English. Public Works. Electoral Law < . Porto Rico Federal Reports. ECUADOR. Codes Laws. Anuario Legislacion . Arancel Aduana o . Codigo Civil. Codigo Comercio o . Codigo Enj Materia Ci Codigo Enjuiciamientos Materia Criminal. Codigo Penal . Codigo Policia . Constitucion Politica o . Decretos . Leyes Interior Torno II. Leyes Miscelaneas. Recopilacion Leyes T Constituciones. Relaciones Exteriores Culto Negocios Ecclesiasticos Torn II. Tratados HJ . GUATEMALA . Codes Laws. Codigo Comercio . Codigo Penal . Codigo Procedimientos Penales R. Indice Las Leyes Urrutia . Leyes . HAYTI. Codes Laws. Le Code Commerce. Le Code Penal Le Code < 'Instruction Criminelle. Le Code Penal Militaire. Le Code Procedure Civile. Le Code Rural. Laws Proclamations . Recueil Lois ! Conseils Communaux. Recueil Lois Usuelles Republique ' Haiti. Recueil Traites Conventions Republique 'Haiti. Treatises. Cours Droit Administrative. Dictionnaire Administration Haitienne. De Nationalite Haiti. Revie Societe Legislation. HONDURAS. Codes Laws. Codigo Civil . Codigo Comercio . Codigo Mineria . Codigo Penal . Codigo Procedimientos Civiles Criminales . Ley Organica Tribunales Codigo Procedimientos Civiles Criminal ( ). MEXICO. Codes Laws. Arancel Aduanas . Codigo Civil . Codigo Civil . Codigo Comercio . Codigo Penal . Codigo Procedimientos Civiles . Codigo Procedimientos Federales . Codigo Procedimientos Penales· . Codigo Procedimientos Penales . Coleccion Legislativa Completa Republica Mexicana Vol. Vol. . Coleccion Leyes Reforma S . Convencion Postal Universal Rome . Leyes Decrotos Miscelaneos. Ley Notarial Federal . Leyes Reforma Col. Lie. Blase Jose Gutierrez Vol. Vol. II Vol. III Vol. IV Vol. V . Tratados Convenciones Vigentes . Treatises. Bibliografia J Mexicana . Civil Law Spain Mexico Gustavus Schmitt . Codigo Extranj Aspiroz . La Pena Muerto. Mittermaier. Trad. Rivera Rio Leyes Decretos . Administracion ! Distrito Federal Por Castillo Pelasca . Political Ethnological Treatise. Aut. Garcia Cubas . Tran. Henderson. Principios Derecho Civil Lie Agustin Verdugo . Report Board Commission English . Journals. Diario Jurisprudencia . Q II. FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Law School National Conference Criminal Law Criminology Chicago . A Chairman Professor Roscoe Pound Vice Chairman Colonel H. C. Carbaugh U. S. A. Secretaries Nathan William MacChesney Esq. Frederic B. Crossley Esq. Exerntive Sub Committee Judge Orrin N. Carter Judge Albert C. Barnes Dr. Archibald Church Dr. H. B. Favill John J. Healey Esq. Professor C. R. Henderson Robert U. H Esq. Frank J. Loesch Esq. Superintendent John L. Whitman Professor J. H. \Vigmore Members Governor Charles S. Deneen President Abram W. Harris Charles B. Alling Esq. Professor J. R. Angell James L. Barbour Esq. Professor Harry A. Bigelow Dr. Sanger Brown William H. Cruden Esq. Jacob M. Dickinson Esq. Professor Herbert J. Friedman Judge Stephen A. .Foster Professor Ernst Freund Dr. Rudolph Holmes Professor W. E. Hotchkiss Thomas lVf. Hoyne Esq. Dr. Joseph G. Kiernan Judge George Kersten Dr. G. Frank Lydston F Emory Lyon Esq. Judge Julian W. Mack Robert McMurdy Esq. H. H. C. Miller Esq. Dr. Harold U. Moyer Judge Harry Olson George R. Peck Esq. Professor Walter D. Scott Chief George M. Shippy Dr. Eugene M. Talbot Professor Graham Taylor Henry W. Thurston Esq. Judge Richard S. Tuthill Superintendentant Frank P . Tyrrell James H. Wilkerson Esq. Hobart P. Young Esq. Committee University Law School . One Conference United States . . . III. AN EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PLEA FOR A LIBERAL EDUCATION FOR LAWYERS. Chapter V Gary Collection English Historical Legal Literature " English Lawyer. Describing Method Managing Lawes Land. And Student Practizer Judges Fathers . Written Reverend Learned Sir John Doderidge Knight Justices King' Bench . London. Printed Assignees J. Moore Esq. M. D. C. XXXI." England' American Bar Associations Universities " . IO · King Henry Lthe · . . · . Counties Judge Henry de Bralun . IV. OFFICERS OF THE LAW SCHOOL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION FOR ' . President Alfred D. Eddy IIS Adams St. Chicago. First Vice President Sigmund Zeisler First National Bank Bldg. Chicago. Second Vice President Redmond D. Stephens Corn Exchange Bank Bldg. Chicago. Third Vice President Frederick Burnham Jackson Blvd. Chicago. Treasurer Samuel E. Knecht State Bank Chicago Chicago. Secretary Daniel P. Trude Clark St. Chicago. J} https://plrccollections.org/files/original/cbd7c033bd1ab022185f8fe5f62c52e2.pdf c6ab3e1a51259ce8350458acc91ba64d PDF Text Text SERIES VI NUMBER MAY-JULY, 1907 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO- EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBOR N STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO The University comprises the following departments of instruc· tion, each having a distinct Faculty : THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTs, in Evanston, Founded in r85r, opened in r855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in r859, THE LAw SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in r859. THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in r886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Fo1mded in r887. THE SCHOOL OF Music, in Evanston, Organized in r895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are maintained by the University: THE AcADEMY1 at Evanston, Establisned in 186o. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839,· opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University c·ampus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian-Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an inde~dent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is an institution having its own building on the University campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being ac- cepted at' their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �QUARTERLY BULLETI N OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 1, SERIES VI, MAY-JULY, 1907. PAGE I. Calendar of Session for 1907-08. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 II. Revised List of the Faculty for 1907. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 III. Location and Equipment of the School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 IV. Revised List of Courses for 1907. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V. Tuition Fees; Scholarships; Prizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 VI. Requirements for Admission and Graduation . . . ...... . ... 21 VII. Revised List of Alumni Secretaries for 1907 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 VIII. List of Students for 1907 ... ... ...... ... . . .. ... ... . ..... 28 IX. Young Men's Christian Association . . .... . . . . ... . . . .. . ... 37 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered at the Post-ollice al Chicago, Ill.. as Second-class ma tter. �I. CALENDAR OF SESSION, 1907-1908 1907. September 23, Monday, September 24, Tuesday, Registration Day for New Students. Registration Day for Applicants for Advanced Standing. Registration Day for Other Students. September 25, Wednesday, September 26, Thursday, Lectures Begin. November 28 to December 1, Thanksgiving Recess. December 21, Saturday, Lectures Close for Christmas Recess. 1908. January 7, Tuesday, January 28, Tuesday, January 30, Thursday, February 3, Monday, February 10, Monday, February 12, Wednesday, February 22, Saturday, April 24, Friday, May 27, Wednesday, May 30, Saturday, June 1, Monday, June 17, Wednesday, Christmas Recess Ends, Begin. Founder's Day. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln's Birthday. vVashington's Birthday. Towle Prize Debate. Lectures Close. Memorial Day. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW 2 SCHOOLS Lectures �II. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR 1907-1908* ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS, LL. D., President of the University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE, (A. M., LL. B., Harvard University; LL. D., University, of Wisconsin) Professor of Law, and Dean of the Faculty. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE,' (A. M., Yale University; LL. B., Harvard University) Associate Professor of Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard University) Associate Professor of /_,aw. SAMUEL ADAMS, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Procediire and Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE,' (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Crinies and Criminal Procediire. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE, (A: B. Amherst College; LL. B., Northwestern University ) Associate Professor of Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD, (A. M., LL. B., Harvard Un iversity) Professor of Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY, (A. B., Harvard University) Professor in the Law of Conveyancing, Mortgages, Carriers, a11d Commercial Pap er. LEVI HARPER FULLER, (B. S., Upper Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State University) · Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD, 3 (A. M., Dickinson College; LL. M., Cornell University) Professor of Law. * Arranged, with the exception of President and in the order of seniority of appointment. 1 On leave of absence from Jan. 7, 1908, to June International Law at Yale Un iversity. 2 Resigned in April, 1907, to take effect Sept. 1, 8 Resigned in April, 1907, to take effect Sept. 1, 3 Dean, within each group 17, 1908, as Professor of 1907. 1907. �BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 4 CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Practice. MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice; Lecturer Legal Ethics. CHARLES BYRD ELDER, 011 (LL. B., Northwestern University) lnstrnctor in the Law of Extraordina,ry Legal Remedies and of Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL, (A. M., Wabash College; LL. B., Northwestern University) Instructor in the Law of Insurance. ROSCOE POUND,' (A. B., Ph. D., Nebraska University) Professor of Law. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM, (A. B., LL. B., Northwestern University) Lecturer on Voice Training and Forensics. JOSEPH THOMAS ROBERT, Lecturer on Parliamentary Law. CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD, (A. B., University of Wisconsin) Lecturer on Trade-Mark a.nd Copyright. CHARLES YOE FREEMAN, (A. B., Princeton University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Lectiwer on Corporation Practice. HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard University) Lecturer 011 Liens. DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB, (A. B., Northwestern University; A. M., LL. B., Harvard University) Lecturer 011 Public Service Corporations. ALFRED WILLIAM BAYS, (A. B., Knox College; LL. B., Northwestern University) Lecturer on General Practice. ALBERT KOCOUREK,' (A. B., LL. B., Lake Forest University) Lecfltrer on Jurisprudence. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Librarian, and Secretary of the Law School and of the Farnlty. 1 Appointment to take effect from Sept. I, 1907. �III. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT The Law School was founded in 1859. It is located in Northwestern University Building, at the corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets, Chicago. This building was acquired and equipped at a cost of nearly one million dollars for the purpose of securing a permanent home for the departments of law, dentistry and pharmacy. It is located near the center of the business district of Chicago, easy of access from all residence portions of the city. It is within a few blocks of the City, State, and Federal Courts, and hence offers students an opportunity to witness the practice of litigation in varied forms. The school occupies 24,000 square feet of space, divided into convenient lecture-rooms, offices and library. The library contains about 25,000 volumes and is being rapidly increased; it now includes all of the official reports of all the American States and Territories, together with their statutes; the entire National Reporter System, partly in duplicate; the origirial English Reports together with the Revised Reports and the English Reprint ; a good collection of legal periodicals, treatises and selected cases. In addition to the above, the Library includes the Gary Collections of English Legal Historical Material; of Ancient and Oriental Law; of American International Law; of Roman and Civil Law; and of Modern Continental Law; the latter being the most complete collection of its kind in the United States. 5 �IV. A. REVISED CURRICULUM FOR 1907-1908 COURSES COUNTING FOR TI-IE DEGREE OF LL. B. FIRST YEAR FIRST TERM. Introduction to the St11dy of La.w-Private reading, as described Course A of Prescribed Reading (post, p. 15). Written ex aminations, with a credit of one term hour. Forensip-Course I, as described on p. 13. Written and oral exerci ses, with a credit of one term hour. Mr. ROBERT and Mr. ENGSTROM. Contracts-Three hours a week. - - - - Cases on Contracts. Professor PouND. Torts-Four hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts. Professor WrGMORE. Property (1)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. I, II. (Personal Property; tenures and estates in real property; fixtures, profits, easements, covenants running with land, rents.) Professor KALES. Crimes a.nd Criminal Procedure-Two hours a week. Beale's Cases on Criminal Law. Professor - - - 111 SECOND TERM. Contracts (continued)-Three hours a week. Professor PouND. Torts ( continued)-One hour a week. Professor vVrGMORE. Property (I) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading and Procediire-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Pleading, 2d eel.; Andrews' Stephen on Pleading; practical exercises. Professor ADAMS. Jit[aster and Servant in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency. Professor WrGMORE. Da111ages-One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. �CURR!CUUJM FOR 1907-8. '1 SECOND YEAR FIRST TERM. Forensics-Course II (Moot Court), as described on p. 13. Oral and written work, once a week, with a credit of one term hour. Mr. ENGSTROM. Legal History and Biography-Prescribed and optional private · reading, as described in Courses B, BA, and BB, on p. 15. Written examinations, with a credit of one term hour for each course. Evidence-Two hours a week. Wigmore's Cases on Evidence. Professor vVIGMORE. Trusts-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts. Professor PouND. Agency-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency. Professor LITTLE. Estoppel-One hour a week. Selected cases. Mr. FRIEDMAN. Commercial Paper-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Bills and Notes. Professor GREELEY. Equity Jurisdiction-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Professor SCHOFIELD. Equity Jurisdiction. Property (ll)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. III, IV. (Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including · deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including descent, wills, administration, etc.) Professor KALES. Equity Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week. Thompson's Cases on Equity Pleading; and practical exercises. Professor ADAMS. SECOND TERM. Evidence (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor WrGMORE. Property (II) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction (continued)-Three hours a week. Ames' Professor SCHOFIELD. Cases on Equity Jurisdiction. Quasi-Conti·acts-Three hours a week. - -- - - Cases on Professor PouND. Quasi-Contracts. [Given in 1906-1907, and alternate years.] Sales of Personalty-Three hours a week. Williston's Cases one Sales. Professor - - - - [ Given in 1907-1908, and alternate years.] lnrnrance (Fire and Life)-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Insurance. Mr. HALL. Persons (Domestic Relations)-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Persons. Professor KALES. �8 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Public Service Corporations ( Railroad, Telegraph, Warehouse, and similar Services)-One hour a week. Wyman's Cases on Public Service Corporations. Mr. Liens-One hour a week. Selected cases. Forensics (continued)-Moot Court, once a week. Mr. Gas, Water, Beale's and Mr. BoBB. FRIEDMAN. ENGSTROM. THIRD YEAR FIRST TERM. Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on CorporaProfessor LITTLE. tions. Procedure and Practice in Illinois-Two hours a week. Professor FOLLANSBEE. lnternat-ional Law (!)-Two hours a week. Scott's Cases on Professor HYDE. International Law. International Law (Il)-American Treaties and Diplomacy; Professor HYDE. topics for research. Two hours a week. [Omitted in 1907-8.] S1~retyship-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Judgments and Aitxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments, Garnishment, Execution, etc.)-One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments. Mr. ELDER. Constitittional Law-Three hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Professor SCHOFIELD. Constitutional Law. Property (III)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. V, VI. ( Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.) Professor KALES. Conveyancing-One hour a week. Drafting exercises, study of selected abstracts, and lectures on practice. Professor GREELEY. Conflict of Laws-Three hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict of Laws. Professor HYDE. Code Pleading and Proceditre-One hour a week. Hinton's .Cases on Code Pleading. Professor PouND. Analytical Jurisprudence-One hour a week. Mr. KocouREK. General Iitrisprudenu and History of Law-Prescribed private reading; Courses C, 1, 2, 3, 4, as described on p. 15. Written examinations, with a credit of one term hour for each course. Practical Problems in Contemporar~y Legislation-Study, re- �CURRICULUM FOR 1907-8. 9 ports, and discussions. Once a week during the second term; but the topics are assigned at a preliminary meeting held in October. Professor WIGMORE. Practice Coiwt-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes prepared and cond ucted through all details of litigation, by students as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as Professor FULLER. judge. *Patents of Invention (!)-General Survey. Five lectures. Professor LINTHICUM. (IJ)-Patent Soliciting. Twenty lectures, with practical exercises. (IJI)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures. [Parts II and III will not be given, unl ess at least twenty special students apply for them before October 15.] SECOND TERM. · Corporations (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor LITTLE. Corporation Practice-One hour a week. Practical exercises 111 conducting corporate legal business, drafting instruments, etc. Mr. FREEMAN. Bankruptcy-Two hours a week. Williston's Cases on Bankruptcy. Professor - - - [ Omitted in 1907-8.] Constitutional Law (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers-Three hburs a week. McClain's Cases on Carriers; Beale's Cases on Carriers. Professor GREELEY. Conveyancing ( continued)-One hour a week. Professor GREELEY. Mortgages-Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages. Professo~ GREELEY. Roman Law-Two hours a week. Pound's Readings in Roman Law. Prnfessor POUND. [Given in 1907-1908, and alternate years.] Practice Court (continued)-Two hours a week, at a single session. Professor FuLLER. Property (III) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Municipal Corporations-One hour a week. Smith's Cases on Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. *These three form a single course; the first part is open to all students; the second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years, and to special students, but cannot be taken separately. The number of lectures is equivalent to two hours a week through the year, and work in the course will therefore be credited as four term hours. �10 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Partnership-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Partnership. Professor LITTLE. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto, Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour a week. Roberts' Cases on Extraordinary Legal Remedies. Mr. ELDER. Jurisdiction of Federal Courts-One hour a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and twelve, the equivalent of fifty-six hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three year-groups, no first-year student may take courses in the second or third year-groups without special permission; and no second-year student may take courses in the third year-group (except Constitutional Law, Carriers, and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and a third-year student taking the courses of Conveyancing and Property III must already have taken the courses of ·Property I and II. But any regular student may take any course offered in the group of the year for which he is entered, or any course not already taken by him in a preceding year. SCHEDULE OF HOURS. The schedule of hours is so arranged that the courses are given in general as follows: first year courses, between two and five o'clock in the afternoon; second year courses, between nine and twelve o'clock in the morning; third year courses, between three and seven o'clock in the afternoon. The Practice Court is held in the evening at half past seven. B. COURSES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade-Marks a1id Copyrights-Six lectures. Mr. PICKARD. General Review-Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in September and June, prior to the State examination for admission to the Bar. Mr. BAYS. Legal Ethics-Five lectures. Professor FOLLANSBEE. Patents-Five lectures. Professor LINTHICUM. C. TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. As a part of the systematic instruction in the body of the law, represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to provide adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and �CURRICULUM FOR 1907-8. 11 ' discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing and speaking which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer. The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows: 1. Pleadings and Other Instruments-In the courses on Common Law Pleading, Code Pleading, and Equity Pleading, in addition to the study of the legal sources, the student is given exercises in the drafting of the various kinds of pleadings. In Corporations, the class is formed, during the second term, into two corporations, which organize, elect officers, issue sto<;k, enlarge capital, keep books, consolidate, and do various other acts of corporate busines~ which call for the drafting of instruments and otherwise familiarize the student with the modes of using the legal knowledge required. In the other courses, particularly Commercial Paper, Carriers, I_nsurance, and the like, attention is paid to the study of forms of instruments in common use. 2. Conveyancing-In the course on Conveyancing, the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title, some fifteen in all, representing the greatest variety of documents and proceedings involving property rigJ1ts. A separate copy of each abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the class, and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form and substance from the conveyancer's point of view, and with regard to the laws of different States. Thorough work in this course ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of his entering upon his profession. No one may take this course who has not already taken the courses Property I and II. 3. Trial Practice-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the rules of law. In the course on Evidence, the class is given an auxiliary drill in the use of the rules. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the third-year students to become practically familiar with all these rules by the personal application of them in litigation managed by the student himself. The Court's sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three cases are tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects. In the meantime, between the sessions, numbers of causes are being prepared and advanced from stage to stage by the student-attorneys in charge. ·While the proceedings are dispatched, at the hearings, by the respective attorneys, all other members of the class are required ·to attend and make notes and report of the work being done, so· that each one obtains some benefit also from what is done in his presence by others. A faithful observance of the work of this course ought to give the graduate such an experience in using his legal knowl- �12 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. edge as will ass;st him materially to start in his profession with greater readiness and practical facility. The systematic pursuit of such work under an experienced instructor obtains for the student the same results as a period of desultory service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and accurate in quality. A copy of the printed Rules of the Practice Court will be mailed to any one upon request. 4. Legal Tactics-For the past five years, on every Monday evening until April, an address was given, by some well-knowri membec of the Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he had had special experience, and in which the communication of personal experience was of special value as a guide to others. This course has been of particular value to young practitioners already at the Bar, and will be repeated in 1907-1908, with some variations. The list of addresses, with the names of the speakers, for 1907-8, will be published in the August-October number of the Quarterly Bulletin; and in each number of the Bulletin during 1907-8 will be printed a selected address. 5. Theses-It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original' research by students. Any member of the third-year class may therefor.e obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved by a member of the Faculty before December 1st. The thesis must be presented on or before May 15th of the year in which the student expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work should be begun not later than October. 6. Editorial Work-The work of editing and digesting the opinion and record of a decided case for the use of the profession is of great value in cultivating the skill required for preparing briefs and analyzing the value of a precedent. Each year seven members of known ability are appointed from the second and thirdyear classes as Associate Editors of the Illinois Law Review, and have charge of digesting the manuscript decisions of the Appellate Court. In 1906-7, these Associate Editors were: Messrs. Francis Adams, Jr., Kenneth H. Davenport and Samuel A. Strauss, of the class of 1907, and Messrs. Cecil Barnes, Milton P . Firestone, and Noble B. Judah, Jr., of the class of 1908. 7. Legal Forensics-The function of a lawyer, as a persuasive adviser and leader of men, needs for its development some training in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings, and the like. This instruction has been consolidated into a single graded course continuing through the three years, and is required for �CURRICULUM FOR 1907-8. 13 graduation. Persons entering with advanced standing who have not taken equivalent work elsewhere are subject to the remaining requirements applicable to the class which they enter, except that a candidate for a degree in one year may be exempted from specified parts of the work, 6r may be required to sub~titute the second year for the third year work. The course at large is entitled Forensic Writing and Speaking. In the first year it is entitled, Forensics, Lectures and Exercises; in the second year, Moot Court and Public Debate; in the third year, Practical Legal Advice. The credit for work done is as follows : First year, 1 term hour; second year, 1 term hour; third year, 1 term hour. The first yea,r work is as follows: I. a. Parliamentary Practice; October or November; (1) Elementary Course, followed by examination; (2) advanced course, fol lowed by examination or thesis; this to be open only to not more than twenty students who have ·taken the elementary course, and not to be a required part of the work. b. Voice Training; October and later; exercises in sections of twelve or fifteen, once a week. c. Legal Argumentatioii and Briefs; November to April, inclusive; once a week at 3 :45 P. M.; lectures on Argumentation, accompanied by individual exercises in Oral Forensics and Briefwriting, subject to private correction and public criticism by the instructor. For work done in parts a (I}, b, and c, combined, a credit of one term hour is to be allowed. The second year work is as follows: II. a. Moot Coiirts. In the second year a Moot Court is held once a week from November 1 to May 1, at 1 :45 P. M. The second year class is divided into two sections, A and B, each section to meet on alternate weeks. The work consists of the preparation and delivery of arguments and opinions of law on statements of facts assigned beforehand. All statements of facts are to be delivered to the counsel in the case by October 1. Each professor presides af three cases consecutively. The chief counsel, two on each side, hold a conference with the Instructor in Forensics four weeks before the day set for argument at an hour appointed on the Bulletin Board; at this conference, each side presents (in separate consultation) an outline of the proposed argument, in the form of brief propositions without citation of authorities, and the Instructor makes such criticism and revision as may seem desirable. One week beforehand the counsel on each side post on the official bulletin board a copy of their final brief, with citation of authorities, in type-writing, or �14 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. plain hand-writing on legal cap paper, and hand another copy to the opposing side. 011 the day of argument, a Professor presides as judge, with two members of the section as associate judges. Each attorney assigned is allowed a period for argument in chief. All the other members ·of the same section attend, and each member, not assig11ed as counsel or judge, makes an argument, not to exceed five minutes, in at least every other case, i. e., at least once every four weeks. The Instructor in Forensics then makes such criticism as ma'y appear necessary, and the presiding judge then does the same. An opinion is written by the associate judges and filed at the Secretary's office not later than one week after the date of argument. The mark of each member of the section is determined by his work as counsel, assigned and unassigned, and as judge. No student shall · be recommended for a degree (except by unanimous vote of the Faculty) who has not satisfactorily done the work of this course;. except that persons entering the third year class from another School may by vote be excused from this work. b. Public Debate. A student entering the preliminary contests for the Towle Prizes for Public Speaking in April, and being selected for the second preliminary and taking part therein, may receive a credit of one term hour. No student shall be eligible for this contest who has not taken the work of I, a, b and c, or the equivalent in another School. The third year work is as follows : Ill. a. Legal Advice Clubs. All third year students may enter ·Legal Advice Clubs, formed by voluntary selection on or before October 10, supplemented by assignments to vacancies by the Secretary of the School; each club to contain not less than four nor more than six members, and to elect a Secretary. Difficult cases arising in actual practice, sent in for advice for alumni or other practitioners, will be submitted to the Clubs in rotation as the cases come in. On 24 hours' notice to the Secretary of the Club, the Club is to meet the Dean or a Professor specially in charge, at 3 :15 P. M., in his office, and to discuss the questions involved; a written opinion, citing authorities, is to be handed the Professor specially in charge within seven days or such other time as may be agreed upon. b. Bureau of Justice, After October 1 not more than ten students are to be assigned for practical office and trial work as assistants in the Chicago Legal Aid Society, University Branch. The assignments to be made to those who beforehand file their names with the Secretary of the School, in order of the time of filing and rank of the student in scholarship, but no student having grade C in more than one course to be eligible for assignment. The number of hours of work from each person to be determined by agree- �CURRICULUM FOR 1907-8. 15 ment with the Superintendent of the Society. In 1906-7, the usual arrangement was for each student-attorney ·to give one or two halfdays per week to the work of the Society. For work done in part a a credit of one term hour will be allowed each member of a club; provided that club has furnished not less than eight cases in the year. D. COURSES OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, AND JURISPRUDENCE, PRESCRIBED FOR THE DEGREE OF LL. B. Course A. (First Year.) Introduction to Legal History and the Study of the Law. Materials for prescribed reading: (a) Blackstone's Commentaries (any edition): Introduction, Sections 1-4; Book I, Chapters 1, 2, 5, 9; Book III, Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; Book I, Chapters 11, 12; Book III, Chapters 17-19, 20-24, 25, 26, 27; Book IV, Chapters 19-24,. 25, 27, 28, 29, 32; Book II, Chapters 4, 5; Book IV, Chapter 33. (b) Woodruff's Introduction to the Study of Law. (c) Wambaugh's Study of Cases. Course B. (Second Year; Prescribed.) History of the Bench and Bar. Materials for reading: Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors (later editions), Vols. VIII-X (Erskine to Brougham in• cl usive; excepting cc. 181, 186, 189, 194, 199, 201, 203, 205, 209, 228, 229); and Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices, Vol. III, cc. 30-40 (Mansfield); and the two essays of Zane and Veeder, in Select Essays on Anglo-American Legal History, Vol. I (edited for the Association of American Law Schools, 1907). Course BA. (Second Year; Optional.) History of the Bench a~id Bar. Materials for reading: (a) Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors, Vols, VI, VII (Hardwicke to Loughborough inclusive; excepting cc. 132, 133, 134, 146, 147, 149, 150, 151); and (b) Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices, Vol. IV (Kenyon to Tenterden inclusive; excepting c. SO) ; and (c) Any one of the following English or any two of the following American works: Arnould's Life of Denman; Hardcastle's Life (Autobiography) of Campbell; O'Brien's Life of Russell; Atlay's Victorian Chancellors; Life and Letters of Joseph Story; Harvey's Reminiscences, or Lodge's Life, of Daniel Webster; Brown's Life, or N eilson's Memoirs, of Rufus Choate; Memoirs and Letters of James Kent; Memoirs of Sargent S. Prentiss; Magruder's Life of John Marshall; Caton's Bench and Bar of · Illinois; Carson's History of the Federal Supreme Court. �16 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Course BB. (Second Year; Optional.) History of the fa~gl-ish Lega:l System. Materials for reading: (a) Pollock and Maitland's History of the English Law, Volume 1; or, Holdsworth's History of English Law, Volume 1; and (b) any one of the following works: Pollock and Maitland's History, Volume 2; Holmes' The Common Law; Stephen's History of the Criminal Law; Select Essays on Anglo-American Legal History, Volumes 1, 2. Course C. (Third Year.) 1. Jurisprudence. Materials: any one work under each of the following two divisions: (a) Analytical Jurisprudence: Austin's Jurisprudence; Holland's Jurisprudence; Terry's Principles of Anglo-American Law. (b) Historical Jurisprudence: Maine's Ancient Law; Fustel's Ancient City; Lee's Historical Jurisprudence; but a credit for work done in the course on Analytical Jurisprudence, in the general curriculum, will be accepted in place of this Course C, 1. or 2. International Law. Materials as prescribed in the regular course of lectures, International Law 1. or 3. Roman Law. Materials: Any one of the following texts: Gaius' Institutes, edited by Foste; Justinian's Institutes, edited and translated by Moyle; Pound's Readings in Roman Law; but a credit for work done in the course on Roman Law, in the general curriculum, will be accepted in place of this Course C, 2. or 4. History of Germanic La.w. Materials: Any one of the following works: Heusler's Institutionen des deutschen Rech ts; Brunner's Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte; Brissaud's Manuel d' histoire du droit francais. Regulations for the foregoing work: (1) For graduation, a credit of not less than Grade C, averaged for the whole three courses, must have been obtained in Course A, Course B, and Course C, 1 or 2 or 3 or 4. (2) A credit of one term hour will be given on passing the examination in each one of the above courses of reading, as well as in the optional Courses BA and BB. A student may cumulate these credits, by passing in Course BA or Course BB or Course C, 2, 3, or 4, or in all, in addition to the required minimum of three courses prescribed under Rule ( 1) above. (3) An examination will be held at the beginning of the first term of the year and at the end of the second term, in all of the courses, and, for Course A, also at the end of the first term; but notice must be filed in the Secretary's Office at least two days before the announced date of examination by each student intending to take it. Students are urged to do the required reading during the sitmmer vacation. �CURRICULUM FOR 1907-8. 17 A student failing at any examination may take the next regular examination, if he has reviewed the work. A student may take any of these examinations at any time after entering the School, no matter to what class he belongs. A student entering with advanced standing need not take Course A. (5) A student who, at a college or a Law School, has already obtained credit for work equivalent to Course C, 1, 2, 3, or 4, will be given credit for that Course as required in this School; but may also obtain credit by doing the work of any remaining Courses not elsewhere taken. (6) No lectures are given in any of these Courses (except C, 1, 2 and 4, the lecture courses of Jurisprudence, International Law and Roman Law) ; the work is done by private study. But the courses are under the general supervision of the Dean, who will give any desired advice on the subjects of study. (7) The credit in any of the Courses C will count as one of the required ten term hours of the Third Year. (8) Students are recommended to own the books named, if they can afford to purchase them. But the School will provide a sufficient number of duplicate copies of the books named for the prescribed reading. (9) The requirement of the above Courses for graduation applies to students entering the School after June I, 1905, and to no others. E. GRADUATE (FOURTH YEAR) COURSES COUNTING FOR THE DEGREES OF LL. M. AND J. D. On June 1, 1906, the following fourth year, or graduate course, was added to the curriculum of the school: A. Lecti~re Courses. Any third-year courses not previously taken. B. Reading Coiirses. (The hours named represent the units of credit obtainable in each subject. The credit is awarded in each course upon the basis of a written examination and a thesis, essay or report.) 1. History and Biography of the Bench and Bar. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course BA, Optional Reading; and an essay on a selected topic.) 2. History of the English Legal System. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course BB, Optional Reading; .~nd ~I/, e~_s,~y on a selected topic.) �18 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 3. History of American Law. One hour. (A study of the history of some subject in the law of one or more jurisdictions of the United States.) 4. Analytical Jurisprudence. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 1, a, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected topic.) 5. Primitive Law. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 1, b, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected topic. 6. History of Romaii Law. One hour. (A study in the history of some topic in Roman Law; the lecture course on Roman Law, or its equivalent, must precede.) 7. History of Germanic Law. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 4, Prescribed Reading; apd an essay on a selected topic.) 8. Modern Continental Law of Europe. One hour. (A study of some subject of contemporary law in one or more European Continental countries.) 9. Comparative Legislation. One hour. (A study of some problem of modern legislation in two or more countries of Europe or America.) 10. Comparative History of Legal Ideas. One hour. (A study of the development of some legal idea or transaction in different independent systems, European and non-European.) 11. Legal Bibliography. One hour. (The preparation of a topical bibliography on some one of the branches of law, or a substantial part of it, named in these courses.) 12. Ecclesiastical Law. One hour. (A study of some topic of ecclesiastical law, European or American.) 13. Constitutional and Administrative Law of Continental Europe. (A comparative study of some constitutional or administrative principle in the countries of Continental Europe.) 14. Legal Ethics. One hour. (A study of some problem of legal ethics.) 15. Principles of American Law. (A study of some doctrine or rule of law in one or more jurisdictions of the United States.) 16. Parliamentary Law. One hour. (A study of some rule of parliamentary law or practice, as applied to-day in legislative, municipal, corporate, and other deliberative bodies, �V. TUITION FEES; .SCHOLARSHIPS; P~IZES The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and twentyfive dollars a year, payable in three installments of forty-five and forty dollars each, October· 1st, January 10th, and March 31st. A rebate of five dollars is allowed to students who · pay the entire tuition in advance on October 1st. Special students are charged at the rate of six dollars for each hour of class-room work for a half year. The fee for the course in Patent Law is twenty-five dollars. In addition to the tuition fee, in all cases, a matriculation fee of five dollars is charged, payable once only, upon entering the School. The fee for the course in General Review is ten dollars to members or graduates of this school ; to all others the fee is fifteen dollars. These rates of tuition apply only to students registered after . June 1, 1907. Scholarships for Sti,dents. Eight assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually. These receive one hundred dollars each in compensation for their services. Applications for appointment should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School. Prizes. 1. The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of $100, and a second prize of $50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the Law School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded to the students who shall, in public competition, be adjudged most proficient in debate. In 1906-1907, the Towle Prize of $100 was awarded to Alexander Pitcairn Lindsay, A. B., of Pittsburg, Pa., a member of the second-year class, and the Towle Prize of $50 to John Lewis Gust, Ph. B., of Mitchell, So. Dakota, a member of the first-year class. The question debated concerned the right of the Federal Government to prevent, by treaty with Japan, a state or city from segregating all Japanese pupils in the public schools. 2. The Follansbee Prize.-A prize of $50, the gift of Mitchell Davis Follansbee, Esq., will be awarded to the writer of the best thesis on some subject relating to Legal Ethics. The Follansbee Prize was not awarded in 1906. 19 �20 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 3. The Hyde Prize.-This prize, the gift of Charles Cheney Hyde, Esq., consists of the interest on a fund of $700, and is awarded not oftener than once in two years to the writer of the best thesis on some subject of International Law. The Charles Cheney Hyde Prize was not awarded in 1906. 4. The MacChesney Prizes.-A first prize, to consist of a framed etched or engraved portrait of one of the distinguished American or English jurists named on page 15 (to be selected by the prize-winner), and a second prize, to consist of the complete works of one of the distinguished American or English legal authors named on page 15 ( to be selected by the prize-winner), offered by Nathan William MacChesney, Esq., will be awarded to those of the second or third year classes who shall submit before June 1 in each year the best paper or essay on some topic connected with the subjects of Courses B, BA, BB, and C, in the Courses of Reading on Legal History, Legal Biography, and Jurisprudence. The prizes will be awarded by a committee consisting of the Dean of the School, the Editor-in-Chief of the Illinois Law Review, and one other person to be selected by them; and the successful papers will be published m the Illinois Law Review. The MacChesney Prizes were not awarded in 1906. 5. The Callaghan Prize.-A prize of $50 in books, to be selected from their own publications, the gift of Messrs. Callaghan and Company, of Chicago, will be awarded annually to the member of the graduating class having the best record in scholarship for the entire course. In 1906 the Callaghan Prize was awarded to Francis Reynolds Dickinson, A. B., of Chicago, with honorable mention to William Harri son Haight, A. B., of Cambridge, Wi s. �VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND GRADUATION A. Admission. Persons applying for admission as regular students must answer the following requirements: 1. Age.-They must be not less than eighteen years of age. 2. Preliminary Examination. ( 1) Graduates of a college, university, or technological institute may be admitted without examination upon exhibiting their diplomas. (2) Graduates of a high school or an academy maintaining a four years' course of study, of satisfactory grade, may be admitted without examination upon presenting a satisfactory certificate of the proper school authority. (3) Persons who have pursued a course of study equivalent to the four years' Academic Course, specified in the next preceding paragraph, may be admitted without examination upon the certificate of any authorized public officer, or of any proper authority of an institution of advanced learning. ( 4) All other applicants for admission must pass a satisfactory examination upon the subjects required for entrance to the College of Liberal Arts in the University. For these requirements see the University Annual Catalogue. (5) Members of the Junior and Senior classes, in good standing in the College of Liberal Arts, may elect work in the course in Law which shall count toward graduation in both the College of Liberal Arts and the College of Law, but the work elected cannot exceed one year's work in the College of Law. Each election shall be subject to the approval of the Faculties of said Colleges. This provision enables a student to complete a course in the College of Liberal Arts and a course in Law in six years. Advanced Standing. The requirements in regard to advanced standing are explained under the title ''Degrees." S pecia.t Students. Persons not desiring to be candidates for a degree may pursue one or more courses as special students, provided they are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage. They will receive a certificate of all work 21 �22 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. done, and they may at any time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they were substantially qualified under the above requirements at the time of first entering the school. No special student may take more than twenty-five termhours of work in one year without special permission from the Dean. B. Graduation and Degrees. All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this occasion all candidates for degrees are required to present themselves in person, the Oxford cap and gown being worn as the official dress. I. Bachelor of Laws. The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by the Trustees of the University upon students who are recommended therefor by the Faculty of the School. Such students will be recommended as in the judgment of the Faculty are of fit character and have complied with the following requirements: I. Length of Attendance-Regular attendance for three years is required of all students, with the following exceptions: 1. Students who have obtained credit in law for one year, either in a college or a law school in good standing, may obtain a degree in two years. 2. Stulents who have satisfactorily completed two years' study in a law school in good standing may obtain a degree in one year. 3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study in a law school in good standing, and who have also obtained credit in law for one year in a college or law school in good sta nding, may become candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special permission from the Dean. All applications for advanced standing must be presente d before November 1st of the applicant's year of entrance. Candidates for a degree must register for work amounting to at least ten hours a week for each year. II. Course of Study-All candidates for a degree must pass examinations in courses amounting to sixty-six term hours ( the equivalent of courses of study of eleven hours a week for three years); provided that in reckoning the total number of term-hours required for graduation there must be included at least ten hours oi credit obtained in each term of the third year. �REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND GRADUATION. 23 Persons who have satisfactorily completed a two-years' course of study in a law school in good standing may be given credit for this work and be excused from no more than one-half of the examinations above required. Persons who have satisfactorily completed less than two years' study of law in a college or law school in good standing, may be given credit for this work and be excused from these examinations to such extent as shall be determined in each case by the Dean. The specific subjects in which such credit may be given will be determined by the Secretary at the time of admission. Four grades are given for work done. The grades are as follows: A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure. A student may not count a course in which he obtains grade C, unless he obtains grade A in another course or courses of equivalent amount; and except that he may count courses in which he obtains grade C to the extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be done by him in this School for graduation. II. Master's Degree. The Master's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters will be conferred under the following conditions: A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements for the Bachelor's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters are equivalent to the requirements for the same degree at this University, may obtain the Master's degree at the same time with the degree of Bachelor of Laws by pursuing, with the sanction of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, advanced work in subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit in such work to the amount of twelve semester-hours; and by presenting a thesis on an approved topic. The courses of study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal subjects; but courses of legal study, in order to count for the degree, must be (a) of an advanced nature; (b) not otherwise counted for the degree of Bachelor of Laws; (c) pursued under the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law School. Students in law, intending to become candidates for the Master's degree, must register for the same in the College of Liberal Arts and in the Law School on or before the first Monday in October of the year in which they expect to graduate, and must pay the diploma fee of ten dolJars. The Master's degree is open upon the same terms to graduates of the Law School who register before the October next following the completion of their professional course. The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty of �24 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for the Master's degree: Constitutional Law, International Law, Administrative Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Legal History. Ill. Doctor's Degree. The degree of Juris Doctor will be conferred under the following conditions: The candidate (a) Must present a diploma of the degree of A. B., or its equivalent, from the Faculty of Liberal Arts of tl;iis University, or of some other in which the requirements are substantially equivalent, or a certificate showing the completion of at least two years' work under such Faculty, and including at least one course each in Latin, French, and German; (b) Must have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Laws in this University, or in one whose requirements are substantially equivalent; (c) Must obtain credit in the courses of the Fourth (Graduate) year to the amount of twenty (20) term hours, of which not more than ten (10) are to be obtained in the Lecture courses and not less than ten (10) in the Reading courses; but in the Reading courses the work done in any one of the courses may be given a credit not to exceed five hours, or in any two or any three of the courses a credit not to exceed seven hours, provided two members of the Faculty so certify. Candidates must register on or before the first Monday in October of the year of candidacy; they must pay half the fees of a special student for the lecture courses, the library fee of alumni, and a diploma fee of twenty dollars. �VII. REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION GENERAL OFFICERS. President, Frank H. Scott, '78. First Vice-President, Alfred D. Eddy, '79. Second Vice-President, George A. Dupuy, '82. Third Vice-President, John J. Peckham, '03. Treasurer, Samuel E. Knecht, '91. Secretary, Roswell B. Mason, '97, 81 Clark St., Chicago. The Alumni Association has been engaged in forming local Branches of the Association in every State and Territory in which there are Alumni of the School, as well as in each judicial district of Illinois outside of Cook County. A Secretary has been appointed in nearly every one of these jurisdictions-some fifty-four in all. The object of the formation of these Branches is to promote mutual acquaintance and helpfulness among those alumni who are locally associated in practice. The list of officers selected up to the present date, as furnishel by Roswell B. Mason, General Secretary of the Association (81 Clark St., Chicago), is as follows: • Alabama Vice-President. William H. H . Judson, '65, Secretary. Arizona Frederick S. Nave, '97, Henry B. Wilkinson, '99, Bessemer. Tucson. Phoenix. Theodore W. Hubbard, '96, California (Northern) Parrott Bldg., San Francisco. George P. Adams, '87, ' California (Southern) Bullard Block, Los Angeles. A. Lee Doud, Colorado 715 Ernest & Cramner Bldg., Denver. 25 �26 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Georgia Vice-President. Ebenezer Wakely, '71, Idaho Albert J. Green, '87, Secretary. Val Dosta. Moscow. James E. Babb, '84, Lewiston. Indiana Thaddeus M. Talcott, Jr., '96, Indian Ter. Harry Campbell, Iowa Robt. L. Welch, '03, Kansas Theodore H. Morrison, '95, Kentucky J. Clyde Nelson, '88, Michigan Henry F. Metzger, '97, Minnesota South Bend. Sapulpa, I. T. Knoxville. 1604 Fairmont Ave., · Wichita. Sharpsburg. Sault Ste. Marie. Hon. Homer B. Dibell,'90 A. B. Choate, '83, Duluth. 410 Temple Court, Minneapolis. Missouri Jacob A. Harzfeld, '97, Montana Richard A. Harlow, '85, 525 New York Life Bldg., Kansas City. Helena. Nebraska Hon.William J.Bryan,'84 Alonzo P. Tarbox, '91, New Eng. Hon.SewellW.Abbott,'83 William F. Poole, Jr., '93, New jersey Lincoln. Bennett. Wolfborough. • 185 Franklin St., Boston. Oliver L. Brown, '94, 26 Telephone Bldg., Newark. �OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. BRANCHE S IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. JUS. DIST . NO. Secretary. 2. Aaron J. Gould, 3. Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock, '82, 4. Charles H. Holt, '92, 5. Frank C. Van Sellar, '97, 6. Thomas N. Cofer, '96, 7. John A. Barber, '97, 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 1,5. 16. 17. John D. Gray, '94, Conrad G. Gumbart, '95, Frank S. Fulton, '97, William L. McMahan, '92, Charles B. Campbell, '97, Wellington H. Shay, '94, William J. $weeney, '95, Solon W. Crowell, '96, William M. Mercer, '01, John E. Goembel, '91, Address. Bone Gap. Edwardsville. Salem. Paris. Charleston. Farmers' Nat'! Bank Bldg., Springfield. Havana. Macomb, 419 Observatory Bldg., Peoria. Lincoln. 27 Arcade Bldg., Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. 337 Coulter Elk., Aurora. 502 E. State St., Rockford. 27 �VIII. LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR 1906-1907. Ader, Edward Joseph, REVIEW COURSE. Chicago. Ahler, George, Becker, John Richard, Chicago. Chicago. Culver, Alvin H., Goldstine, Isaac Oscar, Chicago. Chicago. Holman, Tom W., Chicago. Kolb, Theodore Augustus, Chicago. Lewis, David, Milchrist, Frank T ., Nordhold, Robert J., Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Moore, Willis Samuel, Chicago. Rundall, Charles Owen, Chicago. Silverthorn, G. W., Chicago. Symmes, William H., Chicago. Smietanka, Alexander Michael, Chicago. Warner, George Raymond, Chicago. LL. B. Chicago College of Law. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. University of Illinois. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. University of Michigan. Ph. B. and LL. B. University of Chicago. LL. B. Northwestern University. LL. B. Northwestern University. BANKERS' COURSE. Arnold, William F., Beaton, David, Jr., Browner, Henry, Coen, Delos M., Chica.go. Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Dorman, Robert Hayes, Gadsden, Robert G., Gilbert, Ashley Wilder, Gillmeister, Edward T., King, Alexander D., Chicago. Chicago. MortM~ Park, Ill. Chicago, Chicago. Ph. B. Yale University. 28 �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Kirkley, James Mastermann, Lundberg, Mansfield, Maxwell, Roy G., Nugent, Thomas J., Osten, Gus E., Peterson, Wilbur H., Putnam, Frank A., Rathgen, John; Read, Edwin L., Redheffer, Raymond L., Robinson, George Buchan, Chicago. Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Schmidt, H. Hans, Schumacher, Edward J., Spaulding, Ralph D., Zimmermann, Paul Ernest, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. A. B. University of Chicago. THIRD YEAR. Adams, Francis, Jr., Chicago. Allely, George Joseph, Allen, Harry Irwin, Chicago. Huntington, Ind. Ballard, Howard Thompson, Hampden, Mass. Bieszki, Henry Albert, Brink, Hal L., Brower, Burney Essley, Brown, Earle Wesley, Chicago. Chicago. Stockbridge, Mich. Genoa, Ill. Bugee, John Arthur, Carmody, Michael Lawrence, Cohen, Lawrence Alfred, Crossman, George William, Davenport, Kenneth Howard, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Edwardsville, Ill. Creston, Iowa. Dodson, Harry Lea, Dvorak, Henry, Forstall, James Jackson, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Fox, George Arthur, Woodland, Mich. Frake, Allen, Chicago. Frantz, Ezra Jacob, Gillson, Charles Burton, Cerro Gordo, Ill. Wilmette, Ill. Goldstein, Eli, Goshen, Ind. A. B. Amherst College. B. S. Northwestern University. A. B. Amherst College. University of Illinois. A. B. Northwestern University. B. S. Princeton University. A. B. University of Michigan. A. B. University of Chicago. S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. University of Michigan. 29 �30 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Griffin, John Joseph, Guenther, 0ttilia Pauline, Chicago. Chicago. Hansen, Edwin Carsten, Harroun, George Levant, Chicago. Eva.nston, Ill. Henn, William Eugene, Hill, Roy Wilson, Chicago. Chicago . Hoebel, Fred Carl, Howison, Ifugh Alexander, Chicago. Chicago. Huszagh, Harold, Chicago. Jarrell, James Thomas, Jr., Felton, Del. Kaspers, Lambert, Krusemark, Albert, Libonati, Michael Ernest, Lindskog, Thomas, McCaughan, Philip N., McFadden, George Joseph, Chicago. Frankfort, Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Letts, Iowa. McNeil, Oswell Laurie, New Berlin, Ill. Marshall, Robert Ferguson, Marx, Walter Z., Harvard, Ill. Chicago. Moran, Anthony Jerome, Moore, Oyde, Morrissey, Michael Patrick, Murphy, John Cushing, Myers, Linfield, Nash, Albert Henry, Chicago. Westfield, Ill. Winterset, Iowa. Chicago. Anderson, Ind. Elizabeth, Ill. Nichols, George Richmond, Jr., Bozeman, Mont. Rathje, Frank Carl, Rawson, William Dixon, Rich, Stanley, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Richter, Edward Lewis, Rogers, Myron Cyrus, Romans, Harold Albon, Sebastian, W. Paul, Shaver, Harry Lloyd, Smith, Frank 0., Chicago. Prophetstowtt, Ill. Denison, Iowa. Edwardsville, Ill. Chicago . Ransom, Ill. University of Notre Dame. B. S. Northwestern University. B. S. Rose Polytechnic Institute. Armour Institute. Lewis Institute. A. B. Dickinson College. University of Iowa. B. S. Illinois College. University of Chicago. A. B. Northwestern University. Leland Stanford, Jr., University. B. S. Hobart College. B. S. Northwestern University. Smoot, Harry Edward, , A. B. Northwestern U niversity. Petersbitrg, Ill. �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Starke, Charles Henry, Stevens, Ernest James, Chicago. Chicago. Stevens, George Marsden, Chicago. Strauss, Samuel Arthur, Swanson, Charles Edward, Chicago. Clearfield, Iowa. Tanigoshi, Katsutaro, Wakayama, Japan. Townsend, Barry Eyre, Chicago. Wengierski, Julius Francis, Williams, George, Willson, Royal Andrew, Chicago. Chicago. Evanston, Ill. Woodbury, Homer Whallon, Oak Park, Ill. Ph. B. University of Chicago. B. S. Northwestern University. A. B. Knox College. University of Wisconsin. Princeton University. B. S. Northwestern University. SECOND YEAR. Arthur, William Reed, Topeka, Kans. Barnes, Cecil, Chicago. Barry, Francis Leo, Bauer, Lester Louis, Beaubien, Alexander Falconer, Dixon, Ill. Chicago. DeKalb, Ill. Borden, John, Chicago. Bullock, Walter Laughlin, Butler, Leroy Dawson, Butz, Robert Otto, Millerton, Kans. Madison, Wis. Winnetka, Ill. Callahan, James Edwin, Cavanagh, Bert Martin, Daly, Joseph Dennis, Dean, William Dwight, Chicago. Kewanee, Ill. Chicago. Evanston, Ill. DeLaney, Clarence Martin, Didier, Gustave Philip, Chicago. Chicago. Dunham, Harry Munroe, Ellis, Guy Gerard, Grand Rapids, Mich. Ida Grove, Iowa. Farrell, Harry Michael, Felgar, Harry Hardy, Firestone, Milton P., Creston, Iowa. Chicago. St. Paul, Minn. Frank, Bernhardt, Chicago. Freundlich, Alexander, Chicago. A. B. Washburn College. A. M. Harvard University. A. B. Beloit College. A. B. Yale University. Harvard University. A. B. Yale University. St. Gregory's College. A. B. Lake Forest University. University of Minnesota. Northwestern University. 31 �32 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Glaser, Paul Paulovitch, Harlev, Arthur George, Chicago. Chicago. Hogan, Robert Emmet, Chicago. Jarecki, Edmund Kasper, Johnson, Oyc;!e Philip, Chicago. Ply1nouth, Ill. J ordan, Frank, Judah, Noble Brandon, Jr., Cortland, Ill. Chicago. Judy, George Thomas, Kandlik, George, Karr, Richard Freeman, Kendall, Rufus, King, John Shorter, Montrose, Iowa. Chicago. Sheldon, Ill. Watseka, Ill. A lexa,ndria, La. Lindsay, Alexander Pitcairn, Pittsburg, Pa. Llabres, Louis, Arroyo, Puerto Rico. Lorenz, James Nicholas, Chicago. Lowe, Sylvester Tucker, Manning, Horace Milton, Martin, Isaac Crouse, Mewhirter, David Clifford, Morris, Eugene Percivall, Mount, Earl Burner, O'Donnell, Joseph Dugan, Ward, Idaho. Chicago. Huntingdon, Pa. Yorkville, Ill. Watseka, Ill. Des Moines, Iowa. Chicago. Oleson, George Arthur, Chicago. Olson, Olaf Adolph, Quirino, Ernesto, Rabinoff, Samuel Randolph, Rickcords, Francis Stanley, Chicago. Cavayan, !locos Siw, Phil. Isl. Chicago. Chicago. Rogers, John Harold, Rothwell, Henry Phillip, Rubens, Harry, Jr. Alexis, Ill. Chicago. Glencoe, Ill. Santos, Jose Abad, Schadel, Robert Lyman, San Fernall!do, Pa,mpanga, Phil. Isl. Warr en, Ill. Schmaus, Edward Thomas, Scott, Walter, Ohio, Ill. Chicago. Lewis Institute. Decorah Institute. B. S. Carthage ColJege. A. B. Brown University. Philander Smith ColJege. A. B. ColJege of the Academy of the New Church. Northwestern University. A. B. CornelJ University. A. B. St. Ignatius ColJege. Lewis Institute. A. B. Yale University. Harvard University. A. B. Beloit ColJege. A. B. Ohio Wesleyan University. �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Simmons, Forrest Dale, Slosson, Frank Steele, Snapp, Dorrance Dibell, Spengler, Walter J., Stafford, James Henry, Staub, Casper, Jr., Steinbrecher, George, Tallerday, Charlotte B., Taylor, Orville Tames, Jr., Ka/a.mazoo, Mich. Chica.go. Joliet, Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Belvidere, Ill. Sioux City, Iowa. Tyrrell, Joseph Thomas, Evanston, Ill. Vail, Karl V., Verde, Vincenzo, Wieboldt, Werner Augustus, Zelensky, Mitchell Abraham, Chicago. Chicago. -Chica.go. Chicago. University of Chicago. A. B. St. fgnatius College. FIRST YEAR. Amberg, Walter Arnold, Anderson, Ernest Emil, Chicago. Donovan, Ill. Andrews, Hiram Wells, Geneseo, Ill. Arnold, Earl Casper, Iola, Kans. Beatty, Frank M., Thornbur{!, Iowa. Bednorz, Charles, Chicago. Berg, William Gordon, Boyd, Henry James, Boyesen, Ralph Stewart, Boose!, Joseph, Brosnan, Patrick Joseph, Chica.go. Chica.go. Chica1go. Chica.go. Chica.go. Burns, Luke Francis, Cleveland, Wis. Byrne, Charles Emmet, Chicago. Carter, Allan John, Evanston, Ill. Christopher, David A., Cobb, Charles Lawrence, Millersburg, Ohio. Lake Forest, Ill. Connor, Maurice James, Crull, Norris Elliott, Manchester, N. H. Elkhart, Ind. Dixon, Willard Jerome, Kanka·kee, Ill. Dowell, Lee Garver, vVashin.gton, Iowa. Northwestern University. Knox College. A. B. Baker University. A. B. Iowa Wesleyan University. (Associate in Science) University of Chicago. St. Vincent's College, Oshkosh State Normal. A. B. St. Ignatius College. A. B. University of Illinois. A. B. Lake Forest University. University of Indiana. Northwestern University. 33 �34 BULLETIN OF THE LAW $CH00L Engel, Albert Joseph. Epstein, Benjamin, Fales, James Turner, Chica,go. Chicago. Lake Forest, Ill. Fehrman, Ira, Evanston, Ill. Foster, Lucius Newton, Gamble, Robert Edwin, Marshfield, Wis. Kirkwood, Ill. Garnett, Cyrus Logan, Chicago. Gilbert, Samuel Harvey, Potomac, Ill. Gust, John Lewis, Mitchell, S. D. Hanson, Harry Clyde, Harwood, Francis Laird, Geneva, Ill. T-Vesley, Iowa.. Hawxhurst, Ralph Reynaud, Evanston, Ill. Hawley, Melvin Moses, Hiles, Perry Houston, Kingsville, Ohio. Normal, Ill. Honnold, C. Edgar, Kansas, Ill. Hotchkiss; Miles Elias, Jr., Chicago. Buttner, Ruby Leon, Chicago . Isaacs, Alfred Abraham, Gillespie, Ill. Jahnke, John Henry, Eyota, Minn . Jenkins, Oaude Carl, Chicago. Kadow, Zefiryn, Kay, Abbott Elliott, Chicago. Chicago. King, John Crane, Jr., Chica.go. Levy, Albert Melvin, Lincoln, N eb. Lewis, Henry Delaney, Liessmann, Elmer Martin, Lally, Fred Morrow, McCaffrey, Edward Thomas, McDonnell, Simon, Jr., Brooklyn, Ill. Chicago. Green Bay, Wis. Chicago. Hancock, Mich. McFadon, Robert Dean, Lake Forest, Ill. McKenna, John Edward, Chicago. A. B. Haverford College. Northwestern University. Monmouth College. Ph. B. University of Chica go. Northwestern Univers ity. Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan University. Northwestern University .. Northwestern University. Illinois State Normal. Northwestern University. University of Chicago. Northwestern University. Cornell College. Northwestern University. Lewis Institute. M. D. University of Illinois. Fordham College. University of Nebraska. Northwestern University. Williams College. Lewis Institute. �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Marx, Jacob Hart, Chica.go. Morheiser, William Matthew, N ortrup, Scott Strickle, Chica.go. H a.vana, Ill. Peterson, Joseph Lewis, Prendergast, J olm, Chicago. Wheaton, Ill. Prendergast, Richard, Whealon, Ill. Pomainville, Edward Nelson, Prohaska, Otokar L., Grand Rapids, Wi'.s. Chicago. Ritter, Paschal Stone, St. Louis, Mo. Roberts, Charles Samuel, Evanston, Ill. Roberts, Ralph Roscoe, Root, Ralph Waldo, Evanston, Ill. Galva, Ill. Royal, Clifton De Be V oise Des Moines, Iowa. Schmidt, Theodore, Indiana.polis, Ind. University of Chicago. A. B. Northwestern Un iversity. Harvard University. A. B. Yale University. B. S. Northwestern Unive rsity. Northwestern University. Northwestern University. Northwestern University. A. B. Northwestern University. Indiana University. Schooler, Nathaniel, Chirngo . Schroeter, Ernest Ulrich, Shaffer, James Alexander, Chica.go. W illianis field, Ill. Skinner, Josef Taylor, P rinceton, Ill. Smith, Emory James, Chica.go. Smith, William Woeber, Chirngo. Snell, Roy Waldo, Ida Grove, Iowa. Stern, Oscar David, Chica.go. Thon, William G., Ullmann, Frederic, Jr., Chicago. Chicago. Waldo, Otis Harvey, Jr., Chicago. Walsh, Richard Bishop, Whitehead, John Taylor, Evanston, Ill. Chica.go. \,Vil son, Leon Theodore, Peru, Ind. \iVittmeyer, Gustave, Jr., Chicago. Lewis Institute. Lombard· College. Chicago University. Lewis Institute. A. B. St. · Mary's College. B. S. Northwestern U niversit y. University of Chicago. A. B. Princeton University. A. B. Yale University. University of Michigan. Northwestern University. 35 �36 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. SPECIAL. Bates, Jeannette, Chicago. Bentall, David Johnson, Chicago. Burns, James Francis, Campe, Alma M., Colvin, Ernest Elmer Chicago. Chicago. Wichita, Kans. Cooper, Bernhard S., Davenport, Homer Lee, Davidson, Irving Karl, Fischer, Russell Price, Chicago. Chicago . Evanston, Ill. vVaitkegan, Ill. Flemming, Joseph B., Chicago. Fulsang, George, Grimm, Otto Frederick, Grondahl, Joseph, I vison, Gregory Edwin, Chicago. Alpena, Mich. Oak Park, Ill. Chicago . Iwata, Hidekuni, Johns, George Andrew, King, William Joseph, Hiroshima-Ken . Japa.n. Chicago. Chi:cago. Krause, John Jacob, Chicago. Layman, Nelson Browning, MacDonald, Torrance Hugh, Jacksonville, Ill. Elite Island, Ill. McElroy, Charles Foster, Spring field, Ill. Marvin, Charles Edward, S eattle, Wash. Pettijohn, George, Chicago. Ph. B. University of Chicago. A. B. University of Chicago. LL. M. Illinois College of Law. B. S. Northwestern University. University of Wisconsin. Illinois Wesleyan University. University of Chicago. A. B. St. Mary's College. LL. B. Northwestern Un iversity. Lewis Institute. S. B. University of Chicago. A. B. Butler College. A. M. University of Chicago. Northwestern University. Harvard University. Pierpont, Grover Conrad, Coh1mb1ts, Ohio: Reed, Nelson Franklin, Monmouth, Ill. Shute, George Walter, Simons, Harry, Smith, Ernest Dailey, Globe, Arizona. Chicago. Crawfordsville, lnd. Vroman, William Phillips, Chicago. Welch1 John Taylor, Chicago. Wescott, James B., Lacon, Ill. Whaley, William Ellsworth, Chicago. A. B. Marietta College. Northwestern University. A. B. Northwestern University. A. B. University of Wisconsin. Umversity of Indiana. Northwestern University. B. S. University of Chicago. �IX. THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. The Young Men's Christian Association of Chicago has established a branch which carries on work in the three Schools in the University Building. In addition to its religious work, the Association is of service to the students in many ways. In the pleasant rooms, placed at its disposal by the University, the Association maintains a very popular social center with a well selected list of reading material, several games and a piano. Throughout the year the list of rooms and boarding places is kept for the use of students in settling in the city. All students are invited to make the Association rooms their headquarters during the year. As far as possible new students will be met at the train by an Association man wearing a badge. Those desiring to be so met will please write a few days in advance to Y. M. C. A., Northwestern University Building, Chicago, indicating clearly on what train they are to reach Chicago, and over what road they are to come. 37 �COLLEGE MATRICULATES. Amherst College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Armour Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beloit College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baker University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brown University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carthage College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . College of the Academy of th e New Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cornell College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cornell University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dakota W esleyan University .. .. ... ..... ... . . . ..... .. . .. . . . . . . Decorah Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dickinso n College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fordham College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harvard University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haverford College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hobart College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illinois College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illinois State Normal School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illinois W esleyan U niversity ... ... .. .. . ... .. .. .. . .. ... ... . ... . . Iowa Wesleyan University .. ... . .. . .... . . . . : . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. . .. . Knox College . . .. .... . . . . . .. . . .. . . .... . . .. . ... . .. . ... . . . ·. . . . . . Lake Forest University. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leland Stanford, Jr., U ni ve rsity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lewis Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lombard College . . .... . ... .. . . ... . .. ...... ... .... . . ... ..... . . Marietta College .. . . .. . . . . .. .. . . .. . . ... .. . .. ..... ... ... . .. . .. . Massachusetts Institute of T echnology . . . .. . ...... . . . .... . .. . . . . Monmouth College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northwestern University . ..... ...... ... . . .... . . .. . ... . ..... . . . Ohio Wesleyan University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oshkosh State Normal School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philander Smith College ... . . .. ... . .... .. ....... . ........ . ... . Princeton University .. .. . .. .. . ........ ....... ... .. .. .. . ... . .. . Rose P olytechnic Institute . . . .. . .. . ... . .... . . . . .. . .. ... . ... .. . St. Gregory's College . .. . . .. ....... . .. . .. . .. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... . St. I gnatius College .. . .... .. ... ... . .... . .. . ..... . . . . . ... .. .. . . St. i\llary's College .. . . . . ... ... ..... ... . .. . . ...... .. . . .... .. .. . St. Vincent's College .. ..... .... .. .. .. . , , , , . , , , , , •.•...... . ..... 38 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 8 1 1 1 1 33 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 �COLLEGE MA TRlCULATES. University of Chicago ..... . ................................ .. University of Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Iowa . ..... . . ... . ... . . ......... ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Notre Dame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Williams College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wash burn College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yale University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 17 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 6 Total number of college matricula tes ....................... 131 Total number of colleges represented . . ........ .. ..... . . . . .. 50 RECAPITULATIO N. T hird year students .............. . ................... . ....... Second year students .... ... .... .. .. ... . .. .. . .................. First year students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Special students ... ... . ... ................. . . .... .... .... .. ... Bankers' Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 70 81 33 24 16 Total . . . ........... : . . .... .. ... .......................... 291 ��NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO DIRECTORY. The special annottncements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretory, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. ( LAw SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. ScHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF Music, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, Pa. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRD SEMINARY, Onarga, Ill., REv. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REV. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D., Presiden t. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REV. NELS E. SIMONSEN, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REV. ALBERT EmcsoN, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CUMNOCK, L. H. D., Director, Evanston, Ill. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Stude-· baker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �I . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series VI, Number 1 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1907 May-July Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 May-July Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES VI MAY JULY NUMBER NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBOR N STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO University · Faculty QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES VI MAY JULY . PAGE . Calendar Session . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. Revised List Faculty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. Location Equipment School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. Revised List Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. Tuition Fees Scholarships Prizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. Requirements Admission Graduation . . . ...... . ... VII. Revised List Alumni Secretaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . VIII. List Students ... ... ...... ... . . .. ... ... . ..... IX. Young Men' Christian Association . . .... . . . . ... . . . .. . ... MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered Post Chicago Ill.. Second . . CALENDAR OF SESSION . . Registration Day New Students. Registration Day Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close Christmas Recess. Christmas Recess Ends Lectures Begin. Founder' Day. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln' Birthday. Washington' Birthday. Towle Prize Debate. Lectures Close. Memorial Day. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS II. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR * ABRAM WINEGARDNER HARRIS LL. D. President University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A. M. LL. B. Harvard University LL. D. University Wisconsin) Professor Law Dean Faculty. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE ' (A. M. Yale University LL. B. Harvard University) Associate Professor Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A. B. LL. B. Harvard University) Associate Professor / . SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Procediire Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE ' (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Crinies Criminal Procediire. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A B. Amherst College LL. B. Northwestern University ) Associate Professor Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A. M. LL. B. Harvard Un ) Professor Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A. B. Harvard University) Professor Law Conveyancing Mortgages Carriers a Commercial Paper. LEVI HARPER FULLER (B. S. Upper Iowa University LL. B. Iowa State University) · Professor Law Procedure Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD (A. M. Dickinson College LL. M. Cornell University) Professor Law. * Arranged President Dean . On Jan. Professor International Law Yale Un . Resigned Sept. . Resigned Sept. . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Practice. MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Procedure Practice Lecturer Legal Ethics. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B. Northwestern University) Law Extraordina Legal Remedies Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL (A. M. Wabash College LL. B. Northwestern University) Instructor Law Insurance. ROSCOE POUND ' (A. B. Ph. D. Nebraska University) Professor Law. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM (A. B. LL. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer Voice Training Forensics. JOSEPH THOMAS ROBERT Lecturer Parliamentary Law. CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD (A. B. University Wisconsin) Lecturer Trade Mark . Copyright. CHARLES YOE FREEMAN (A. B. Princeton University LL. B. Northwestern University) Lectiwer Corporation Practice. HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN (A. B. LL. B. Harvard University) Lecturer Liens. DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB (A. B. Northwestern University A. M. LL. B. Harvard University) Lecturer Public Service Corporations. ALFRED WILLIAM BAYS (A. B. Knox College LL. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer General Practice. ALBERT KOCOUREK ' (A. B. LL. B. Lake Forest University) Lecfltrer Jurisprudence. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B. Northwestern University) Librarian Secretary Law School Farnlty. Appointment Sept. . III. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT Law School . Northwestern University Building Lake Dearborn Streets Chicago. . Chicago . City State Federal Courts . . American States Territories National Reporter System English Reports Revised Reports English Reprint . Library Gary Collections English Legal Historical Material Ancient Oriental Law American International Law Roman Civil Law Modern Continental Law United States. IV. REVISED CURRICULUM FOR A. COURSES COUNTING FOR TI IE DEGREE OF LL. B. FIRST YEAR FIRST TERM. Introduction St La. Private Course A Prescribed Reading ( . ). Written . Forensip Course . . Written . Mr. ROBERT Mr. ENGSTROM. Contracts Three . Cases Contracts. Professor PouND. Torts Four . Ames' Smith' Cases Torts. Professor WrGMORE. Property ( ) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. II. (Personal Property .) Professor KALES. Crimes . Criminal Procedure Two . Beale' Cases Criminal Law. Professor SECOND TERM. Contracts ( ) Three . Professor PouND. Torts ( ) One . Professor vVrGMORE. Property ( ) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading Procediire Three . Ames' Cases Pleading . Andrews' Stephen Pleading . Professor ADAMS. Jit[ Servant Tort One . Wambaugh' Cases Agency. Professor WrGMORE. Da One . Beale' Cases Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. CURR!CUUJM FOR . ' SECOND YEAR FIRST TERM. Forensics Course II (Moot Court) . . Oral . Mr. ENGSTROM. Legal History Biography Prescribed · Courses B BA BB . . Written . Evidence Two . Wigmore' Cases Evidence. Professor vVIGMORE. Trusts Three . Ames' Cases Trusts. Professor PouND. Agency Two . Wambaugh' Cases Agency. Professor LITTLE. Estoppel One . Selected . Mr. FRIEDMAN. Commercial Paper Three . Ames' Cases Bills Notes. Professor GREELEY. Equity Jurisdiction Three . Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ( ) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. III IV. (Acquisition · . .) Professor KALES. Equity Pleading Procedure Two . Thompson' Cases Equity Pleading . Professor ADAMS. SECOND TERM. Evidence ( ) Two . Professor WrGMORE. Property (II) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction ( ) Three . Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi Conti· Three . Cases Quasi Contracts. Professor PouND. [Given .] Sales Personalty Three . Williston' Cases Sales. Professor [ Given .] (Fire Life) Two . Wambaugh' Cases Insurance. Mr. HALL. Persons (Domestic Relations) Two . Smith' Cases Persons. Professor KALES. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Public Service Corporations ( Railroad Telegraph Warehouse Services) One . Wyman' Cases Public Service Corporations. Gas Water Beale' Mr. BoBB. Liens One . Selected . Mr. FRIEDMAN. Forensics ( ) Moot Court . Mr. ENGSTROM. THIRD YEAR FIRST TERM. Corporations Two . Smith' Cases Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure Practice Illinois Two . Professor FOLLANSBEE. Law (!) Two . Scott' Cases International Law. Professor HYDE. International Law (Il) American Treaties Diplomacy . Two . Professor HYDE. [Omitted .] S Two . Ames' Cases Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Judgments Aitxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments Garnishment Execution .) One . Rood' Cases Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. Constitittional Law Three . Thayer' Cases Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (III) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. V VI. ( Conditional .) Professor KALES. Conveyancing One . Drafting . Conflict Laws Three . Laws. Professor GREELEY. Beale' Cases Con Professor HYDE. Code Pleading Proceditre One . Hinton' .Cases Code Pleading. Professor PouND. Analytical Jurisprudence One . Mr. KocouREK. General Iitrisprudenu History Law Prescribed Courses C . . Written . Practical Problems Contemporar Legislation Study reCURRICULUM FOR . . Once . Professor WIGMORE. Practice Coiwt Two . Causes . Professor FULLER. *Patents Invention (!) General Survey. Five . Professor LINTHICUM. (IJ) Patent Soliciting. Twenty . (IJI) Patent Law Practice. Forty . [Parts II III .] SECOND TERM. · Corporations ( ) Two . Professor LITTLE. Corporation Practice One . Practical . Mr. FREEMAN. Bankruptcy Two . Williston' Cases Bankruptcy. Professor [ Omitted .] Constitutional Law ( ) Two . Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers Three . McClain' Cases Carriers Beale' Cases Carriers. Professor GREELEY. Conveyancing ( ) One . Professor GREELEY. Mortgages Two . Kirchwey' Cases Mortgages. Professo GREELEY. Roman Law Two . Pound' Readings Roman Prnfessor POUND. [Given .] Law. Practice Court ( ) Two . Professor FuLLER. Property (III) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Municipal Corporations One . Smith' Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. *These . . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Partnership Two . Ames' Cases Partnership. Professor LITTLE. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus .) One . Roberts' Cases Extraordinary Legal Remedies. Mr. ELDER. Jurisdiction Federal Courts One . Professor SCHOFIELD. . ( Constitutional Law Carriers Patents Invention) Conveyancing Property III ·Property II. . SCHEDULE OF HOURS. ' ' ' . Practice Court . B. COURSES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks a Copyrights Six . Mr. PICKARD. General Review Five State Bar. Mr. BAYS. Legal Ethics Five . Professor FOLLANSBEE. Patents Five . Professor LINTHICUM. C. TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. CURRICULUM FOR . ' . . Pleadings Instruments Common Law Pleading Code Pleading Equity Pleading . Corporations < . Commercial Paper Carriers I . . Conveyancing Conveyancing rigJ . A ' States. Thorough . No Property II. . Trial Practice Procedure Practice . Evidence . Practice Court . Court' . During . . · While · · . A knowl BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . . A Rules Practice Court . . Legal Tactics Bar . Bar . Quarterly Bulletin Bulletin . . Theses Faculty ' . Any . Faculty . . . . Editorial Work . Each Associate Editors Illinois Law Review Appellate Court. Associate Editors Messrs. Francis Adams Jr. Kenneth H. Davenport Samuel A. Strauss Messrs. Cecil Barnes Milton P . Firestone Noble B. Judah Jr. . . Legal Forensics . CURRICULUM FOR . . Persons . Forensic Writing Speaking. Forensics Lectures Exercises Moot Court Public Debate Practical Legal Advice. First . . . Parliamentary Practice ( ) Elementary Course ( ) · . . Voice Training . . Legal Argumentatioii Briefs P. M. Argumentation Oral Forensics Briefwriting . ( } . II. . Moot Coiirts. Moot Court P. M. A B . . All . Each . Instructor Forensics Bulletin Board ( ) Instructor . One BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Professor . Each . All · assig . . . Instructor Forensics ' . An Secretary' . . No · ( Faculty) . School . . Public Debate. A Towle Prizes Public Speaking . No School. Ill. . Legal Advice Clubs. All ·Legal Advice Clubs Secretary School Secretary. Difficult Clubs . On ' Secretary Club Club Dean Professor P. M. Professor . . Bureau Justice After Chicago Legal Aid Society University Branch. Secretary School C . agreeCURRICULUM FOR . Superintendent Society. · Society. . D. COURSES OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY BIOGRAPHY AND JURISPRUDENCE PRESCRIBED FOR THE DEGREE OF LL. B. Course A. (First Year.) Introduction Legal History Study Law. Materials ( ) Blackstone' Commentaries ( ) Introduction Sections Book Chapters Book III Chapters Book Chapters Book III Chapters Book IV Chapters . Book II Chapters Book IV Chapter . ( ) Woodruff' Introduction Study Law. ( ) Wambaugh' Study Cases. Course B. (Second Year Prescribed.) History Bench Bar. Materials Campbell' Lives Chancellors ( ) Vols. VIII X (Erskine Brougham • . ) Campbell' Lives Chief Justices Vol. III . (Mansfield) Zane Veeder Select Essays Anglo American Legal History Vol. ( Association American Law Schools ). Course BA. (Second Year Optional.) History Bench Bar. Materials ( ) Campbell' Lives Chancellors Vols VI VII (Hardwicke Loughborough . ) ( ) Campbell' Lives Chief Justices Vol. IV (Kenyon Tenterden . SO) ( ) Any English American Arnould' Life Denman Hardcastle' Life (Autobiography) Campbell O'Brien' Life Russell Atlay' Victorian Chancellors Life Letters Joseph Story Harvey' Reminiscences Lodge' Life Daniel Webster Brown' Life N ' Memoirs Rufus Choate Memoirs Letters James Kent Memoirs Sargent S. Prentiss Magruder' Life John Marshall Caton' Bench Bar · Illinois Carson' History Federal Supreme Court. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Course BB. (Second Year Optional.) History Lega System. Materials ( ) Pollock Maitland' History English Law Volume Holdsworth' History English Law Volume ( ) Pollock Maitland' History Volume Holmes' Common Law Stephen' History Criminal Law Select Essays Anglo American Legal History Volumes . Course C. (Third Year.) . Jurisprudence. Materials ( ) Analytical Jurisprudence Austin' Jurisprudence Holland' Jurisprudence Terry' Principles Anglo American Law. ( ) Historical Jurisprudence Maine' Ancient Law Fustel' Ancient City Lee' Historical Jurisprudence Analytical Jurisprudence Course C . . International Law. Materials International Law . . Roman Law. Materials Any Gaius' Institutes Foste Justinian' Institutes Moyle Pound' Readings Roman Law Roman Law Course C . . History Germanic La. . Materials Any Heusler' Institutionen Rech Brunner' Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte Brissaud' Manuel ' . Regulations ( ) Grade C Course A Course B Course C . ( ) A Courses BA BB. A Course BA Course BB Course C Rule ( ) . ( ) An Course A Secretary' Office . Students . CURRICULUM FOR . A . A School . A Course A. ( ) A Law School Course C Course School Courses . ( ) No Courses ( C Jurisprudence International Law Roman Law) . Dean . ( ) Courses C Third Year. ( ) Students . School . ( ) Courses School . E. GRADUATE (FOURTH YEAR) COURSES COUNTING FOR THE DEGREES OF LL. M. AND J. D. On A. Lecti Courses. Any . B. Reading Coiirses. ( . .) . History Biography Bench Bar. One . (To Course BA Optional Reading .) . History English Legal System. One . (To Course BB Optional Reading . / .) BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . History American Law. One . (A United States.) . Analytical Jurisprudence. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading .) . Primitive Law. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading . . History Romaii Law. One . (A Roman Law Roman Law .) . History Germanic Law. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading .) . Modern Continental Law Europe. One . (A European Continental .) . Comparative Legislation. One . (A Europe America.) . Comparative History Legal Ideas. One . (A European European.) . Legal Bibliography. One . ( .) . Ecclesiastical Law. One . (A European American.) . Constitutional Administrative Law Continental Europe. (A Continental Europe.) . Legal Ethics. One . (A .) . Principles American Law. (A United States.) . Parliamentary Law. One . (A V. TUITION FEES .SCHOLARSHIPS P IZES · . A · . Special . Patent Law . School. General Review . These . . Scholarships Sti . Eight . These . Applications Secretary Law School. Prizes. . Towle Prizes. A $ $ Henry Sargent Towle Esq. Chairman Law School Committee Board Trustees . Towle Prize $ Alexander Pitcairn Lindsay A. B. Pittsburg Pa. Towle Prize $ John Lewis Gust Ph. B. Mitchell So. Dakota . Federal Government Japan Japanese . . Follansbee Prize. A $ Mitchell Davis Follansbee Esq. Legal Ethics. Follansbee Prize . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Hyde Prize. Charles Cheney Hyde Esq. $ International Law. Charles Cheney Hyde Prize . . MacChesney Prizes. A American English ( ) American English ( ) Nathan William MacChesney Esq. Courses B BA BB C Courses Reading Legal History Legal Biography Jurisprudence. Dean School Editor Chief Illinois Law Review Illinois Law Review. MacChesney Prizes . . Callaghan Prize. A $ Messrs. Callaghan Company Chicago . Callaghan Prize Francis Reynolds Dickinson A. B. Chicago William Harri Haight A. B. Cambridge Wi . VI. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND GRADUATION A. Admission. Persons . Age. They . . Preliminary Examination. ( ) Graduates . ( ) Graduates ' . ( ) Persons ' Academic Course . ( ) All College Liberal Arts University. University Annual Catalogue. ( ) Members Junior Senior College Liberal Arts Law College Liberal Arts College Law ' College Law. Each Faculties Colleges. College Liberal Arts Law . Advanced Standing. ''Degrees." S . Students. Persons . They BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . No Dean. B. Graduation Degrees. All University Commencement. On Oxford . . Bachelor Laws. Bachelor Laws Trustees University Faculty School. Such Faculty . Length Attendance Regular . Students . . Stulents ' . . Students ' Dean. All ' . Candidates . II. Course Study All ( ) . REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION AND GRADUATION. Persons ' . Persons ' Dean. Secretary . Four . A B C D . A C A C School . II. Master' Degree. Master' Arts Philosophy Science Letters A College Liberal Arts University Bachelor' Arts Philosophy Science Letters University Master' Bachelor Laws Faculty Liberal Arts Faculty . ( ) ( ) Bachelor Laws ( ) Faculty Law School. Students Master' College Liberal Arts Law School dolJars. Master' Law School . Faculty BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Liberal Arts Master' Constitutional Law International Law Administrative Law Roman Law Jurisprudence Legal History. Ill. Doctor' Degree. Juris Doctor ( ) Must A. B. Faculty Liberal Arts University ' Faculty Latin French German ( ) Must Bachelor Laws University ( ) Must Fourth (Graduate) ( ) ( ) Lecture ( ) Reading Reading Faculty . Candidates . VII. REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION GENERAL OFFICERS. President Frank H. Scott ' . First Vice President Alfred D. Eddy ' . Second Vice President George A. Dupuy ' . Third Vice President John J. Peckham ' . Treasurer Samuel E. Knecht ' . Secretary Roswell B. Mason ' Clark St. Chicago. Alumni Association Branches Association State Territory Alumni School Illinois Cook County. A Secretary . Branches . Roswell B. Mason General Secretary Association ( Clark St. Chicago) • Vice President. Secretary. Alabama William H. H . Judson ' Bessemer. Arizona Frederick S. Nave ' Henry B. Wilkinson ' California (Northern) ' California (Southern) Colorado Tucson. Phoenix. Theodore W. Hubbard ' Parrott Bldg. San Francisco. George P. Adams ' Bullard Block Los Angeles. A. Lee Doud Ernest & Cramner Bldg. Denver. Georgia Idaho Indiana Indian Ter. Iowa Kansas Kentucky Michigan Minnesota Missouri Montana Nebraska New Eng. New BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Vice President. Secretary. Ebenezer Wakely ' Val Dosta. Albert J. Green ' James E. Babb ' Moscow. Lewiston. Thaddeus M. Talcott Jr. ' South Bend. Harry Campbell Sapulpa . T. Robt. L. Welch ' Knoxville. Theodore H. Morrison ' Fairmont Ave. · Wichita. J. Clyde Nelson ' Sharpsburg. Henry F. Metzger ' Sault Ste. Marie. Hon. Homer B. Dibell ' A. B. Choate ' Duluth. Temple Court Minneapolis. Jacob A. Harzfeld ' New York Life Bldg. Kansas City. Richard A. Harlow ' Helena. Hon.William J.Bryan ' Alonzo P. Tarbox ' Lincoln. Bennett. Hon.SewellW.Abbott ' William F. Poole Jr. ' Wolfborough. Franklin St. • Boston. Oliver L. Brown ' Telephone Bldg. Newark. OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. BRANCHE S IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. JUS. DIST . Secretary. NO. . Aaron J. Gould . Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock ' . Charles H. Holt ' . Frank C. Van Sellar ' . Thomas N. Cofer ' . John A. Barber ' . John D. Gray ' . Conrad G. Gumbart ' . Frank S. Fulton ' . William L. McMahan ' . Charles B. Campbell ' . Wellington H. Shay ' . William J. $ ' . Solon W. Crowell ' . William M. Mercer ' . John E. Goembel ' Address. Bone Gap. Edwardsville. Salem. Paris. Charleston. Farmers' Nat'! Bank Bldg. Springfield. Havana. Macomb Observatory Bldg. Peoria. Lincoln. Arcade Bldg. Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. Coulter Elk. Aurora. E. State St. Rockford. VIII. LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR . REVIEW COURSE. Ader Edward Joseph LL. B. Chicago College Law. Ahler George Becker John Richard LL. B. Northwestern University. Culver Alvin H. Goldstine Isaac Oscar LL. B. Northwestern University. Holman Tom W. LL. B. University Illinois. Kolb Theodore LL. B. Northwestern University. Lewis David Milchrist Frank T . Nordhold Robert J. LL. B. Northwestern University. Moore Willis Samuel LL. B. Northwestern University. Rundall Charles Owen LL. B. Northwestern University. Silverthorn G. W. LL. B. University Michigan. Symmes William H. Ph. B. LL. B. University Chicago. Smietanka Alexander Michael LL. B. Northwestern University. Warner George Raymond LL. B. Northwestern University. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. BANKERS' COURSE. Arnold William F. Beaton David Jr. Browner Henry Coen Delos M. Ph. B. Yale University. Dorman Robert Hayes Gadsden Robert G. Gilbert Ashley Wilder Gillmeister Edward T. King Alexander D. Chica. . Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. MortM Park Ill. Chicago Chicago. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Kirkley James Mastermann Lundberg Mansfield Maxwell Roy G. Nugent Thomas J. Osten Gus E. Peterson Wilbur H. Putnam Frank A. Rathgen John Read Edwin L. Redheffer Raymond L. Robinson George Buchan A. B. University Chicago. Schmidt H. Hans Schumacher Edward J. Spaulding Ralph D. Zimmermann Paul Ernest THIRD YEAR. Adams Francis Jr. A. B. Amherst College. Allely George Joseph Allen Harry Irwin B. S. Northwestern University. Ballard Howard Thompson A. B. Amherst College. Bieszki Henry Albert Brink Hal L. Brower Burney Essley Brown Earle Wesley University Illinois. Bugee John Arthur Carmody Michael Lawrence Cohen Lawrence Alfred Crossman George William Davenport Kenneth Howard A. B. Northwestern University. Dodson Harry Lea Dvorak Henry Forstall James Jackson B. S. Princeton University. Fox George Arthur A. B. University Michigan. Frake Allen A. B. University Chicago. Frantz Ezra Jacob Gillson Charles Burton S. B. Massachusetts Institute Goldstein Eli University Michigan. Technology. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Huntington Ind. Hampden Mass. Chicago. Chicago. Stockbridge Mich. Genoa Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Edwardsville Ill. Creston Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Woodland Mich. Chicago. Cerro Gordo Ill. Wilmette Ill. Goshen Ind. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Griffin John Joseph Guenther Pauline University Notre Dame. Hansen Edwin Carsten Harroun George Levant B. S. Northwestern University. Henn William Eugene Hill Roy Wilson B. S. Rose Polytechnic Institute. Hoebel Fred Carl Howison Ifugh Alexander Armour Institute. Huszagh Harold Lewis Institute. Jarrell James Thomas Jr. A. B. Dickinson College. Kaspers Lambert Krusemark Albert Libonati Michael Ernest Lindskog Thomas McCaughan Philip N. McFadden George Joseph University Iowa. McNeil Oswell Laurie B. S. Illinois College. Marshall Robert Ferguson Marx Walter Z. University Chicago. Moran Anthony Jerome Moore Oyde Morrissey Michael Patrick Murphy John Cushing Myers Linfield Nash Albert Henry A. B. Northwestern University. Nichols George Richmond Jr. Leland Stanford Jr. University. Rathje Frank Carl Rawson William Dixon Rich Stanley B. S. Hobart College. Richter Edward Lewis Rogers Myron Cyrus Romans Harold Albon Sebastian W. Paul Shaver Harry Lloyd Smith Frank . B. S. Northwestern University. Smoot Harry Edward A. B. Northwestern U . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Eva. Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Felton Del. Chicago. Frankfort Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Letts Iowa. New Berlin Ill. Harvard Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Westfield Ill. Winterset Iowa. Chicago. Anderson Ind. Elizabeth Ill. Bozeman Mont. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Prophetstowtt Ill. Denison Iowa. Edwardsville Ill. Chicago. Ransom Ill. Petersbitrg Ill. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Starke Charles Henry Stevens Ernest James Ph. B. University Chicago. Stevens George Marsden B. S. Northwestern University. Strauss Samuel Arthur Swanson Charles Edward A. B. Knox College. Tanigoshi Katsutaro University Wisconsin. Townsend Barry Eyre Princeton University. Wengierski Julius Francis Williams George Willson Royal Andrew B. S. Northwestern University. Woodbury Homer Whallon Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Clearfield Iowa. Wakayama Japan. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston Ill. Oak Park Ill. SECOND YEAR. Arthur William Reed A. B. Washburn College. Barnes Cecil A. M. Harvard University. Barry Francis Leo Bauer Lester Louis Beaubien Alexander Falconer A. B. Beloit College. Borden John A. B. Yale University. Bullock Walter Laughlin Butler Leroy Dawson Butz Robert Otto Harvard University. Callahan James Edwin Cavanagh Bert Martin Daly Joseph Dennis Dean William Dwight A. B. Yale University. DeLaney Clarence Martin Didier Gustave Philip St. Gregory' College. Dunham Harry Munroe Ellis Guy Gerard A. B. Lake Forest University. Farrell Harry Michael Felgar Harry Hardy Firestone Milton P. University Minnesota. Frank Bernhardt Northwestern University. Freundlich Alexander Topeka Kans. Chicago. Dixon Ill. Chicago. DeKalb Ill. Chicago. Millerton Kans. Madison Wis. Winnetka Ill. Chicago. Kewanee Ill. Chicago. Evanston Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Grand Rapids Mich. Ida Grove Iowa. Creston Iowa. Chicago. St. Paul Minn. Chicago. Chicago. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Glaser Paul Paulovitch Harlev Arthur George Lewis Institute. Hogan Robert Emmet Decorah Institute. Jarecki Edmund Kasper Johnson Oyc ! Philip B. S. Carthage ColJege. J Frank Judah Noble Brandon Jr. A. B. Brown University. Judy George Thomas Kandlik George Karr Richard Freeman Kendall Rufus King John Shorter Philander Smith ColJege. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Ply Ill. Cortland Ill. Chicago. Montrose Iowa. Chicago. Sheldon Ill. Watseka Ill. A La. Lindsay Alexander Pitcairn Pittsburg Pa. A. B. ColJege Academy New Church. Llabres Louis Arroyo Puerto Northwestern University. Rico. Lorenz James Nicholas A. B. CornelJ University. Lowe Sylvester Tucker Manning Horace Milton Martin Isaac Crouse Mewhirter David Clifford Morris Eugene Percivall Mount Earl Burner O'Donnell Joseph Dugan A. B. St. Ignatius ColJege. Oleson George Arthur Lewis Institute. Olson Olaf Adolph Quirino Ernesto Rabinoff Samuel Randolph Rickcords Francis Stanley A. B. Yale University. Rogers John Harold Rothwell Henry Phillip Rubens Harry Jr. Harvard University. Santos Jose Abad Schadel Robert Lyman A. B. Beloit ColJege. Schmaus Edward Thomas Scott Walter A. B. Ohio Wesleyan University. Chicago. Ward Idaho. Chicago. Huntingdon Pa. Yorkville Ill. Watseka Ill. Des Moines Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Cavayan ! Siw Phil. Isl. Chicago. Chicago. Alexis Ill. Chicago. Glencoe Ill. San Fernall! Pa Phil. Isl. Warr Ill. Ohio Ill. Chicago. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Simmons Forrest Dale Slosson Frank Steele Snapp Dorrance Dibell Spengler Walter J. Stafford James Henry Staub Casper Jr. Steinbrecher George Tallerday Charlotte B. Taylor Orville Tames Jr. University Chicago. Tyrrell Joseph Thomas A. B. St. College. Vail Karl V. Verde Vincenzo Wieboldt Werner Zelensky Mitchell Abraham FIRST YEAR. Amberg Walter Arnold Anderson Ernest Emil Northwestern University. Andrews Hiram Wells Knox College. Arnold Earl Casper A. B. Baker University. Beatty Frank M. A. B. Iowa Wesleyan University. Bednorz Charles (Associate Science) University Berg William Gordon Boyd Henry James Boyesen Ralph Stewart Boose! Joseph Brosnan Patrick Joseph St. Vincent' College Burns Luke Francis Oshkosh State Normal. Byrne Charles Emmet A. B. St. Ignatius College. Carter Allan John A. B. University Illinois. Christopher David A. Cobb Charles Lawrence A. B. Lake Forest University. Connor Maurice James Crull Norris Elliott University Indiana. Dixon Willard Jerome Northwestern University. Dowell Lee Garver Chicago. Ka/ . Mich. Chica. . Joliet Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Belvidere Ill. Sioux City Iowa. Evanston Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chica. . Chicago. Chicago. Donovan Ill. Geneseo Ill. Iola Kans. Thornbur{! Iowa. Chicago. Chica. . Chica. . Chica . Chica. . Chica. . Cleveland Wis. Chicago. Evanston Ill. Millersburg Ohio. Lake Forest Ill. Manchester N. H. Elkhart Ind. Kanka· Ill. vVashin. Iowa. BULLETIN OF THE LAW $CH L Engel Albert Joseph. Epstein Benjamin Fales James Turner A. B. Haverford College. Fehrman Ira Northwestern University. Foster Lucius Newton Gamble Robert Edwin Monmouth College. Garnett Cyrus Logan Ph. B. University Chica . Gilbert Samuel Harvey Northwestern University. Gust John Lewis Ph. B. Dakota Wesleyan University. Hanson Harry Clyde Harwood Francis Laird Northwestern University .. Hawxhurst Ralph Reynaud Northwestern University. Hawley Melvin Moses Hiles Perry Houston Illinois State Normal. Honnold C. Edgar Northwestern University. Hotchkiss Miles Elias Jr. University Chicago. Buttner Ruby Leon Northwestern University. Isaacs Alfred Abraham Cornell College. Jahnke John Henry Northwestern University. Jenkins Oaude Carl Lewis Institute. Kadow Zefiryn Kay Abbott Elliott M. D. University Illinois. King John Crane Jr. Fordham College. Levy Albert Melvin University Nebraska. Lewis Henry Delaney Liessmann Elmer Martin Lally Fred Morrow McCaffrey Edward Thomas McDonnell Simon Jr. Northwestern University. McFadon Robert Dean Williams College. McKenna John Edward Lewis Institute. Chica . Chicago. Lake Forest Ill. Evanston Ill. Marshfield Wis. Kirkwood Ill. Chicago. Potomac Ill. Mitchell S. D. Geneva Ill. T Vesley Iowa.. Evanston Ill. Kingsville Ohio. Normal Ill. Kansas Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Gillespie Ill. Eyota Minn. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chica. . Lincoln N . Brooklyn Ill. Chicago. Green Bay Wis. Chicago. Hancock Mich. Lake Forest Ill. Chicago. NAMES OF STUDENTS. Marx Jacob Hart University Chicago. Morheiser William Matthew N Scott Strickle A. B. Northwestern University. Peterson Joseph Lewis Prendergast J Harvard University. Prendergast Richard A. B. Yale University. Pomainville Edward Nelson Prohaska Otokar L. B. S. Northwestern University. Ritter Paschal Stone Northwestern University. Roberts Charles Samuel Northwestern University. Roberts Ralph Roscoe Root Ralph Waldo Northwestern University. Royal Clifton De Be V A. B. Northwestern University. Schmidt Theodore Indiana University. Schooler Nathaniel Lewis Institute. Schroeter Ernest Ulrich Shaffer James Alexander Lombard· College. Skinner Josef Taylor Chicago University. Smith Emory James Lewis Institute. Smith William Woeber A. B. St. · Mary' College. Snell Roy Waldo B. S. Northwestern U . Stern Oscar David University Chicago. Thon William G. Ullmann Frederic Jr. A. B. Princeton University. Waldo Otis Harvey Jr. A. B. Yale University. Walsh Richard Bishop Whitehead John Taylor University Michigan. \ Vil Leon Theodore Northwestern University. \iVittmeyer Gustave Jr. Chica. . Chica. . H . Ill. Chicago. Wheaton Ill. Whealon Ill. Grand Rapids Wi'. . Chicago. St. Louis Mo. Evanston Ill. Evanston Ill. Galva Ill. Des Moines Iowa. Indiana. Ind. Chirngo. Chica. . W Ill. Princeton Ill. Chica. . Chirngo. Ida Grove Iowa. Chica. . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston Ill. Chica. . Peru Ind. Chicago. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. SPECIAL. Bates Jeannette Ph. B. University Chicago. Bentall David Johnson A. B. University Chicago. LL. M. Illinois College Law. Burns James Francis Campe Alma M. Colvin Ernest Elmer B. S. Northwestern University. Cooper Bernhard S. Davenport Homer Lee Davidson Irving Karl Fischer Russell Price University Wisconsin. Flemming Joseph B. Illinois Wesleyan University. Fulsang George Grimm Otto Frederick Grondahl Joseph Gregory Edwin University Chicago. Iwata Hidekuni Johns George Andrew King William Joseph A. B. St. Mary' College. LL. B. Northwestern University. Krause John Jacob Lewis Institute. Layman Nelson Browning MacDonald Torrance Hugh S. B. University Chicago. McElroy Charles Foster A. B. Butler College. A. M. University Chicago. Marvin Charles Edward Northwestern University. Pettijohn George Harvard University. Pierpont Grover Conrad A. B. Marietta College. Reed Nelson Franklin Northwestern University. Shute George Walter Simons Harry Smith Ernest Dailey A. B. Northwestern University. Vroman William Phillips A. B. University Wisconsin. Welch John Taylor Umversity Indiana. Wescott James B. Northwestern University. Whaley William Ellsworth B. S. University Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Wichita Kans. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston Ill. vVaitkegan Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Alpena Mich. Oak Park Ill. Chicago. Hiroshima Ken . Japa. . Chicago. Chi . Chicago. Jacksonville Ill. Elite Island Ill. Springfi Ill. S Wash. Chicago. Coh mb Ohio Monmouth Ill. Globe Arizona. Chicago. Crawfordsville . Chicago. Chicago. Lacon Ill. Chicago. IX. THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. Young Men' Christian Association Chicago Schools University Building. Association . University Association . Throughout . All Association . Association . Those Y. M. C. A. Northwestern University Building Chicago Chicago . https://plrccollections.org/files/original/6d0cd835f32fdbb7531264980098ecf0.pdf fe787ee634393ae643a96c4c954c22a5 PDF Text Text SERIES V FEBRUARY-APRIL, 1907 NUMBER 4 NORTHWESTERN U N I V E R ·S I T Y CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS, CHICAGO PUBLISHED QPARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. . THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LA w SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1887. THE SCHOOL OF Music, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are tained by the University : main- THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University c:ampus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an indep·e ndent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University campus in Evanston. · The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. · �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 4, SERIES FEBRUARY-APRIL, I. V, 1907. ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL MEETING AND BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION.................. . . . . . . . . . . . 3 II. THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION ..... .... ... .... . 6 III . NEWS OF THE SCHOOL ... . • . 7 IV. THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 8 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright, 1907 1 by Northwestern University Entered at the Post-office at Chicae-o, Ill. , as Second-class matter . ��I. ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL MEETING AND BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION CHICAGO, April 12, 1907. To THE ALUMNI OF THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LAw SCHOOL, CHICAGO. Ge:ntlemen:-Our annual banquet will be held at the Midday Club of Chicago ( on the 17th floor of the First National Bank Building) on the evening of Friday, the 3d of May. The date. has been placed earlier than usual, so that we. may have a larger attendance than the June meetings have hitherto brought out, for by then many of our members have gone on their vacations, and it is difficult to tempt them back to town. This year we shall have with us the man who is probably our most widely known, and one of our most distinguished alumni, the Hon. William Jennings Bryan, of the class of 1883. Mr. Bryan and Herbert Spencer Hadley, '94, Attorney General of Missouri, will be two of the speakers of the evening, and those of us who have had the pleasure of hearing them will realize that this is an opportunity not to be lost. We also hope to have with us Gov. Chas. S. Deneen, of the class of 1886, but official duties make his attendance somewhat uncertain. Our annual banquet is the one occasion in the year when it is possible for us to meet each other socially, and informally to renew old acquaintances. With our common interest-the law-we are bound to find much that is congenial in such a gathering, besides much that is profitable. Although the age for the deep sentiment of college friendships is past when we take up the study of our life's profession, the friends and acquaintances we do make then are of the utmost importance to us later on. These annual reunions are the greatest help in keeping us in touch with each other. The standing and 3 �4 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. popularity of our school is such that there is hardly a large town throughout the West that has not a Northwestern man among the members of the bar. This is a great resource to us when we have to choose a correspondent in another city, for we cannot doubt the thorough knowledge of the law and the integrity of one who has been through the same mill as ourselves. We should keep so in touch with each other that instead of having to refer to a law directory, where the payment of the necessary advertiser's fee is often the only reason for the appearance of an attorney's name there, we could call upon a fellow alumnus and feel confident of his ability and reliability. Very few of us realize the great influence which our alumni exercise throughout the West. There is hardly a Western state that has not one of our graduates among the members of its legislature or on its bench. Attorney General Herbert S. Hadley, of Missouri, is a graduate of the class of '94. William H. Dickinson, Attorney General of Colorado, graduated in the class of '92. Frederick S. Nave, of the class of '97, is Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona. Homer B. Dibell, '90, is a Judge of the Minnesota Court at Du.luth, and there are many others in similar posts of honor. Fully half of the prominent members of the Chicago Bar are graduates of our school; among them are included: Judge Kenesaw M. Landis, '91, United States District Court ; Chief Justice Harry Olson, '91, of the Chicago Municipal Courts; Judges Richard W. Clifford, '74; George A. Dupuy, '82; Willard M. McEwen, '87; Merritt W. Pinckney, '80 ; Ben Smith, '90 ; Frederick A. Smith, '67, of the Circuit and Superior Courts, and Judge Judson F. Going, '85, of the Munic'ipal Court. The Secretary of the Alumni Association has a card catalogue of the alumni geographically arranged, and he hopes to have this printed in order to make the list available to each member of the Association. �ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL ALUMNI MEETING. i 5 So let us try to know each other better. It is something that can only be accomplished by coming in contact with one another informally as we do at our annual banquets. Please make a special effort to be present at this next banquet as we want to make it the best one we have ever had, and pave the way for many similar ones and a better acquaintance among ourselves. Very truly yours, ALBERT KEEP, '03, Secretary of the Alumni Associa,tion. The Temple, Chicago. �II. THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OFFICERS , President, EDGAR B. First Vice-President, 1906-7. '82, Stock Exchange Bldg., Chicago. TOLMAN, '93, Home Insurance Bldg., Chicago. MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE, Second Vice-President, WILLIAM ROTHMAN, '96, First National Bank Bldg., Chicago. Third Vice-President, '06, Lake St., Chicago. WARREN M. DAVIS, · 87 Secretary, ALBERT KEEP, Treasurer, SAMUELE. KNECHT, '03, E. The Temple, Chicago. '91, State Bank of Chicago, Chicago. Any change in address of a member of the Association or any matter of interest to the Association at large should be reported to Mr. Keep , the Secretary. 6 \ J �III. NE'ws OF THE SCHOOL 1 • } J The Library- Hon . Elbert H. Gary, ' 67, of New York City, presented the Law School, on February 28, 1907, with the library of the late Professor Moritz Voigt, of Leipzig. Professor Voigt was one of the most distinguished modern scholars on Roman and Civil Law, and his library of about 4,000 volumes represents the lifetime collections of an authority on these subjects. Some idea of its comprehensiveness may be had by the fact that it is rivalled by only one similar collection in this country, and that it contains the writings of nearly every known author of note on Roman and Civil Law. The work of packing and shipping is now going on, and the library will probably be delivered early in the coming summer. Through Mr. Gary's generosity the Law School ·library now contains all of the official editions of the reports and statutes of the different American states; duplicate sets of U. S. Reports; the complete Reporter System, partly in duplicate; the best law magazine, digests, encyclop~dias and selected cases; a complete set of original English Reports, including one of the earliest editions of the Year Books; the Revised Reports, Law Reports and English Ruling Cases ; an excellent collection of English and American treatises; and exhaustive collections on Modern Continental Law, Ancient and Oriental Law, International Law, English Legal Historical Material and Roman Law. For the purpose of making the library of the greatest possible benefit to the alumni and to the community yearly cards are issued to the alumni at one dollar each, and to ohter members of the bar at four dollars each. This fee is charged only to cover the cost of registration. Commencement.- The annual commencement exercises of the University will be held at the Auditorium Theatre, Chicago, Thursday, June 20, 1907. 7 �IV. THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW The Illinois Law Review has just brought to a close the first year of its existence. The April number, the concluding number of the volume, has just been mailed. The completed book lies before us on our desk and we are proud of our handiwork. Every alumnus of the school ought to be proud of it. We believe that every alumnus who knows the Review is proud of it. For we have produced a magazine that is a credit not only to its editors and founders; not only to the school which it represents, but to those who are and who have been students in the school. It reflects the very spirit of Northwestern. In appearance, it is unsurpassed by any, and in the quality and character of its contents, it is the peer of any legal magazine published. This is not an idle boast. It is merely echoing the sentiments of many members of the bench and bar throughout the state. Though but a year old, the Review has met with unqualified success. It has been vigorously pushed and, as a result, it has subscribers in every part of Illinois. While its success has been great, the Review has received the largest measure of its support, by far, from lawyers outside of the .t:,.lumni Association. This is rather an anamalous condition for a school publication. We ought to have more subscribers among the alumni. If our magazine interests, so greatly, the lawyer who does not care whether it is connected with the school or not, how much more ought it to appeal to you, you who have attended and graduated from Northwestern? The Review is not a moneymaking proposition. The editors have given their work gratuitiously; contributors have received no compensation for their contributions. Ought not they who have so freely given their time and labor to the good work of helping the school and producing something that will reflect credit on the school and all connected with it, ought not they to be 8 .' �THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW. 9 encouraged by, at least, the support of the alumni of the school? Will not they put forth even greater efforts, when they know that their work is being appreciated by their old associates? The expense of publishing a magazine of the quality of the Review is very great. The standard set during the past year will not be lowered, and we believe that every alumnus should be glad to assist an enterprise of this character, at least, with his subscription. In asking for your support, we are not soliciting alms. The Review is worth every bit of three dollars a year, the subscription price, and on examination you will admit it. Each month we publish two or three leading articles exhaustively treating topics of Illinois Law and discussing matters of general interest. These articles are written by lawyers who know their subject. The Index-Digest of the Appellate Court Decisions is of the greatest practical value. The bound volumes of the reports are a year behind, and this is the only practical method of keeping down to date with the decisions of the Appellate Court. Then we comment on the decisions of the Illinois Supreme Court, showThese notes are ing their relation to prior decisions. written by members of the faculty and to many, this constitutes the most valuable department in the book. Editoriais and book reviews complete the number. We sincerely trust that you will not delay acquainting yourself with the Review. Write us and we shall be glad to mail you a sample copy. H. L. S., Business Manager. Address: ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW, 87 E. Lake St., Chicago. ����NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO DIRECTORY. The special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAW SCHOOL, The Secretory, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secreta.ry, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF Music, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Iii. For information concerning the non-degree conferring department, address. THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, Onarga, _111., REV. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REV. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D., Principal. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REV. NELS E. SIMONSON, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REV. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CuMNOCK, L. H. D., Director, Evanston, Ill. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series V, Number 4 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1907 February-April Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 February-April Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES V FEBRUARY APRIL NUMBER NORTHWESTERN CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO University Faculty QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES V FEBRUARY APRIL . . ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL MEETING AND BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION.................. . . . . . . . . . . . II. THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION ..... .... ... .... . III . NEWS OF THE SCHOOL ... . • . IV. THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright Northwestern University Entered Post Ill. Second . . ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL MEETING AND BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION CHICAGO . To THE ALUMNI OF THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LAw SCHOOL CHICAGO. Ge Our Midday Club Chicago ( First National Bank Building) . . . . Hon. William Jennings Bryan . Mr. Bryan Herbert Spencer Hadley ' Attorney General Missouri . We Gov. Chas. S. Deneen . Our . With . Although ' . These . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. West Northwestern . . We ' ' . Very West. There Western . Attorney General Herbert S. Hadley Missouri ' . William H. Dickinson Attorney General Colorado ' . Frederick S. Nave ' Associate Justice Supreme Court Arizona. Homer B. Dibell ' Judge Minnesota Court Du. . Fully Chicago Bar Judge Kenesaw M. Landis ' United States District Court Chief Justice Harry Olson ' Chicago Municipal Courts Judges Richard W. Clifford ' George A. Dupuy ' Willard M. McEwen ' Merritt W. Pinckney ' Ben Smith ' Frederick A. Smith ' Circuit Superior Courts Judge Judson F. Going ' Munic' Court. Secretary Alumni Association Association. ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL ALUMNI MEETING. So . . Please . Very ALBERT KEEP ' Secretary Alumni Associa . Temple Chicago. II. THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OFFICERS . President EDGAR B. TOLMAN ' Stock Exchange Bldg. Chicago. First Vice President MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE ' Home Insurance Bldg. Chicago. Second Vice President WILLIAM ROTHMAN ' First National Bank Bldg. Chicago. Third Vice President WARREN M. DAVIS ' · E. Lake St. Chicago. Secretary ALBERT KEEP ' Temple Chicago. Treasurer SAMUELE. KNECHT ' \ State Bank Chicago Chicago. J Any Association Association Mr. Keep Secretary. • } J III. NE' OF THE SCHOOL Library Hon . Elbert H. Gary ' New York City Law School Professor Moritz Voigt Leipzig. Professor Voigt Roman Civil Law . Some Roman Civil Law. . Through Mr. Gary' Law School · American U. S. Reports Reporter System English Reports Year Books Revised Reports Law Reports English Ruling Cases English American Modern Continental Law Ancient Oriental Law International Law English Legal Historical Material Roman Law. . . Commencement. University Auditorium Theatre Chicago . IV. THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW Illinois Law Review . . . Every . We Review . . Northwestern. . . . Though Review . Illinois. While Review . . Association. . We . Northwestern? Review . . Ought .' THE ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW. ? Will ? Review . . . Review . Each Illinois Law . These . Index Digest Appellate Court Decisions . Appellate Court. Illinois Supreme Court . These . Editoriais . We Review. Write . H. L. S. Business Manager. Address ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW E. Lake St. Chicago. https://plrccollections.org/files/original/b848b81fe870f8d4af1eccf131a798c0.pdf 3da17aec759d5677ea00e160f7402978 PDF Text Text SERIES V AUGUST-OCTOBER, 1906 NUMBER z NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QYARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LA w SCHOOL, in Chicago. Founded in 1859. THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1887. THE SCHOOL OF Music, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring ·departments are maintained by the University: THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University campus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. · The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an independent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University Campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �. �WEST AISLE OF LAW SCHOOL BUILD ING. �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 2, SERIES V, AUGUST-OCTOBER, I. II. 1906. PAGE VIEW OF WEST AISLE OF LIBRARY. • • . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . • • • • • . • 1 CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL 1. Legal course for Bankers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Action of the Faculty relative to the establishment of a fourth year, or graduate course, leading to III. the degree of Juris Doctor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Annual Banquet of the Alumni Association.. . . . . . 5 4. Commencement Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR 7 1906-1907 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright 1906. by Northwestern University. Entered at the Post-office at Chicago. Ill ., as Second-class matter. �CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 1. LEGAL COURSE FOR BANKERs.-Commencing Tuesday, September 25, the Law School will offer a course in the law applicable to banks and banking. This course is given at the request of the members of the Chicago Chapter of the American Institute of Bank Clerks and is the result of an increasing demand by banks throughout the country for the services of men possessing some substantial knowledge of the law relating to banks and banking. The course does not aim in any measure to prepare men for the practice of law, but will be limited strictly to instruction in the subjects hereinafter named so far as they relate to the special feature of law that is heing studied. At present the Institute of Bank Clerks provides for instruction through a correspondence course directed by instructors in two recognized Eastern law schools; the course in this school is designed to offer to its members who may be able to attend personally the advantage of residence work over that of correspondence study. The course will cover a period of nine months, during which. the following named subjects will be taken up, the number of lectures following each subject: Contracts, 40; Bills and Notes, 24; Corporations, 16; Trusts, 10; Agency, 10 ; Partnership, 8; Municipal Corporations, 6; Suretyship, 10; Bankruptcy, 4. The subject of Contracts, which will occupy the first lectures, will be treated more broadly than the other subjects and will be completed, or nearly so, before any other is commenced. An examination will also be given on Contracts when completed, whereas examinations in the remaining subjects will be given at the end of the entire course. Requirements for admission to this course are (a) membership in the American Institute of Bank Clerks; and (b) 2 �CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 3 ability to pursue the studies, which ability shall be determined by the instructor. Students registered in the course will be considered as special students in the Law School and will be entitled to all library privileges. Should any person after satisfactorily completing this course register as a candidate for a degree, and meet the requirements of the school governing admission as a regular student, such person may receive credit for work done in this course. Students satisfactorily completing the course will be given a certificate setting forth the satisfactory completion of the Legal Course for Bankers. The fee for the course will be $35, payable $15 within ten days after registration, $10 January 10, and $10 April 1. All students registering at the beginning of the course will be obligated for the entire fee of $35. Students will be required to purchase certain books to be used throughout the year, the cost of which will not exceed $12. This cost to the individual can doubtless be reduced by two or three students purchasing and using together one set of books. The first session will be held in Hoyne Hall, at the Law School, Tuesday, September 25, 1906, at 5.30 p. m., and at this session the regular hour for lectures and the number of sessions per week will be determined. For further information, inquiries may be addressed to Mr. John Williams, care First National Bank, Chicago; or, the Secretary of the Law School, Northwestern University Building, Chicago. 2. FOURTH YEAR OR GRADUATE CouRSE.-The Faculty of the Law School on June 1, 1906, voted to recommend to the Board of Trustees of the University the addition of following described fourth year, or graduate course, to the present curriculum of the school: A. Lecture Courses. Any third-year courses not previously taken. B. Reading Courses. (The hours named represent the units of credit obtainable in �4 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. each subject. The credit is awarded in each course upon the basis of a written examination and a thesis, essay or report.) 1. History and Biography of the Bench and Bar. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course B, Prescribed reading; and an essay on a selected topic). 2. History of the English Legal System. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course BB, Optional Reading; and an essay on a selected topic. 3. History of American Law. One hour. (A study of the history of some subject in the law of one or more jurisdictions of the United States) . 4. Analytical Jurisprudence. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 1, a, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected topic) . S. Primitive Law. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 1, b, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected topic) . 6. History of Roman Law. One hour. (A study in the history of some topic in Roman Law; the lecture course on Roman Law, or its equivalent, must be preceded). 7. History of Germanic Law. One hour. (To include the reading of all the materials named in Course C, 4, Prescribed Reading; and an essay on a selected topic) . 8. Modern Continental Law of Europe. One hour. (A study of some subject of contemporary law in one or more European Continental countries). 9. Comparative Legislation. One hour. (A study of some problem of modern legislation in two or more countries of Europe or America). 10. Comparative History of Legal Ideas. One hour. (A study of the development of some legal idea or transaction in different independent systems, European and non-European). 11. Legal Bibliography. One hour. (The preparation of a topical bibliography on some one of the branches of law, or a substantial part of it, named in these courses) . 12. Ecclesia.stical Law. One hour. (A study of some topic of ecclesiastical law, European or American) . 13. Constitutional and Administr1JJtive Law of Continental Europe. (A comparative study of some constitutional or administrative principle in the countries of Continental Europe). 14. Legal Ethics. One hour. (A study of some problem of legal ethics). 15. Principles of American Law. (A study of some doctrine or rule of law in one or more jurisdictions of the United States). .i �CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 5 16. Parliamentary Law. One hour. (A study of some rule of parliamentary law or practice, as applied to-day in legislative, municipal, corporate, and other deliberative bodies. (For Bulletin containing description of Courses in Prescribed Reading, address the Secretary) . DEGREE OF l . D. (luriS: Do·ctor) . The degree of Juris Doctor will be conferred under the following conditions: The candidate (a) Must present a diploma of the degree of A. B., or its equivalent, from the Faculty of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements are substantially equivalent, or a certificate showing the completion of at least two years' work under that Faculty, and including at least one course each in Latin, French, and German; (b) Must have obtained the degree of Bachelor of Laws in this University, or in one whose requirements are substantially equiva. lent; (c) Must obtain credit in the courses of the Fourth (Graduate) year to the amount of twenty (20) term hours, of which not more than ten (10) are to be obtained in the Lecture courses and not less than ten ( 10) in the Reading courses; but in the Reading courses the work done in any one of the courses may be given a credit not to exceed five hours, or in any two or any three of the courses a credit not to exceed seven hours, provided two members of the Faculty so certify. Candidates must register on or before the first Monday in October of the year of candidacy; they must pay half the fees of a special student for the lecture courses, the library fee of alumni, and a diploma fee of twenty dollars. 3. ANNUAL BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION.The annual banquet of the Alumni Association was held at the rooms of the Mid-Day Club, First National Bank Building, on the evening of Thursday, June 14, Charles H. Hamill, '93, presiding. Addresses were made by Glenn E. Plumb; Professor Frederic C. Woodward; Warren M. Davis, '06; Charles C. Linthicum, '82; and Dean John H. Wigmore. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President, Edgar B. Tolman, '82. �6 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. First Vice-President, Mitchell D. Follansbee, '93. Second Vice-President, William Rothman, '96. Third Vice-President, Warren M. Davis, '06. Secretary, Albert Keep, '03. Treasurer, Samuel E. Knecht, '91. 4. COMMENCEMENT EXERCISEs.- The forty-eighth annual commencement exercises of the University were held at the Auditorium, Chicago, on Thursday, June 21. The commencement address was given by Hon. Stewart L. Woodford. The total number of degrees conferred was as follows: Master of Arts, Science, or Letters, 15; Bachelor of Arts, Science, or Letters, 136; Doctor of Medicine, 122; Bachelor of Laws, SO; Phermaceutical Graduates and Chemists, 35 ; Doctor of Dental Surgery, 100; Graduates in Music, 10. The Callaghan Prize, for the highest scholarship throughout the entire law course, was awarded to Francis Reynolds Dickinson, A.B., of Chicago, with honorable mention to William Harrison Haight, B.L., of Cambridge, Wis. The Towle Prizes for proficiency in public speaking were awarded as follows: First prize, James Jackson Forstall, B.L. ; second prize, Laurence Alfred Cohen. The names of the recipients of the degree of Bachelor of Laws are as follows: Adams, Cyrus H., Jr., Anderson, George Fridolf, Becker, John Richard, Bell, Benj . S., Brothers, William Vincent, Burns, William Cullen, Candee, Robert, Capron, William, Jr., Cohan, Benjamin Edward, Collins, Kenneth Prentice, Colton, Chauncey Corey, Cutting, Robert Myron, Davis, Warren Marcus, Dickinson, Francis Reynolds, Eddy, Morton Hoit, Engstrom, Ebenezer Washington, Finerty, John F., Jr., Garnett, Elmer Logan, Goldstine, Isaac Oscar, Haight, William Harrison, Hinckley, Francis Edward, Hunt, Anthony, Johnston, William Walter, Kolb, Theodore Augustus, Krause, Hugo Foster, Lucius, Albert Edward, Martin, Andrew Aloysius, Mies, Frank Peter, Moore, Willis Samuel, McCord, Downer, McKinney, Fred Landin, McNeil, Robert Lincoln, N ordhold, Robert J., Peacock, Ernest, Rich, Ernest Paul, Ridgely, Claude V., �CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Romans, John Brown, Rundall, Charles Owen, Secord, Frederick, Smietanka, Alexander Michael, Straus, Ira E., Taylor, David W ., Thomason, Samuel Emory, III. 7 Todd, Leroy Levi, Von Ammon, Ernest Carl, Warner, George Raymond, Winnen, Victor Charles, Wilcox, Jesse Franklin, Winston, Garrard Bigelow, Yates, Robert Mortimer. LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR 1906-07. FIFTH ANNUAL SERIES. All addresses are given on Monday evenings, in Hurd Hall of the Law School, third floor, Northwestern University Building, Lake and Dearborn streets, and begin promptly at eight o'clock. All persons interested in the practice of the law are invited to, attend these lectures. No fee is charged. 1. Oct. 8. Acq1,isition and Retention of a Clientage. John S. Miller, Esq. ( of the firm of Peck, Miller & Starr) . 2. Oct. 15. Selection and Management of a Jury. James M. Sheean, Esq. ( of the firm of Calhoun, Lyford & Sheean). 3. Oct. 22. Examination of Witness es. Amos C. Miller, Esq. (of the firm of Lackner, Butz & Miller). 4. Oct. 29. Preparation of a Case for Trial, with Particular Reference to Chancery. George A. Follansbee, Esq. (of the firm of Follansbee, McConnell & Follansbee). 5. Nov. 5. The Lawyer's Mistakes as S een by a Physician. Archibald Church, M. D. (Professor of Medical Jurisprudence in the Medical School of Northwestern University). 6. Nov. 12. Methods of Keeping and Using County Records. Abel Davis, Esq. ( County Recorder of Cook County) . 7. Nov. 19. Life and Bene-fit Insurance Practice. Charles J. Kavanagh, Esq. (General Solicitor for the National Union) . 8. Nov. 26. Bankruptcy Practice. W. Tudor ApMadoc, Esq. (of the firm of Peckham, Packard, ApMadoc & Walsh) . 9. Dec. 3. Practice in Surety and Indemnity Cases. Frederic F . Norcross, Esq. (Attorney for the American Surety Co.). 10. Dec. 10. Practice Under the Torrens System of Land Titles. Charles G. Little, Esq. (Examiner of Titles for Cook County). 11. Dec. 17. Practice and Pleading Under the Illinois Statutes. Keene H . Addington, Esq. (joint editor of Keene & Addington's Supplement to Illinois Statutes). �8 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Dec. 24. ( Christmas Recess. No Address). Dec. 31. ( Christmas Recess. No Address). 1907. 12. Jan. 7. Ways and Manners of the Legislature in its LawMaking. Wm. H. McSurely, Esq. (of the firm of Burley & McSurely; member of the Illinois State Assembly). 13. Jan. 14. Criminal Practice. Harry Olson, Esq. (First Assistant State's Attorney for Cook County). 14. Jan. 21. Methods of Keeping and Using Judicial Records. John H. Best, Esq. (Chief Record Writer for the Circuit Court of Cook County). 15. Jan. 28. Ways and Manners of Judges. Hon. Charles G. Neely (formerly Judge of the Circuit Court of Cook County). • 16. Feb. 4. Appellate Court Practice. John A. Rose, Esq. (General Attorney for the Chicago Union Traction Co.). 17. Feb. 11. Common Sense in Examining Land Titles. Harrison B. Riley, Esq. ( Secretary and Chief Examiner of the Chicago Title and Trust Co.) . 18. Feb. 18. Trial of Assumpsit Suits. John G. Campbell, Esq. ( of the firm of Defrees, Brace & Ritter) . 19. Feb. 25. Practice Before Masters in Chancery. Thomas Taylor, Jr., Esq. (Master in Chancery for Cook County). 20. Mar. 4. The Art of Writing Briefs and Making Legal Arguments. Wm. K. Lowrey, Esq. 21. Mar. 11. The Trial of a Celebrated Criminal Case. Wm. S. Forrest, Esq. �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. EVANSTON-CHICAGO. DIRECTORY. The special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAw SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Chicago. Northwestern University Bldg., SCHOOL OF Music, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, Onarga, Ill., REv. FRANK G. BARNES, D . D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REv. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D ., Principal. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REv. NELS E. SIMONSON, D . D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REv. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L . CuMNOCK, L. Evanston, Ill. H. D., Director, The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series V, Number 2 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1906 August-October Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 August-October Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES V AUGUST OCTOBER NUMBER NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO University Faculty LAW SCHOOL BUILDING. QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES V AUGUST OCTOBER . PAGE . VIEW OF WEST AISLE OF LIBRARY. • • . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . • • • • • . • II. CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL . Legal Bankers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Action Faculty Juris Doctor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annual Banquet Alumni Association.. . . . . . . Commencement Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright . Northwestern University. Entered Post Chicago. Ill . Second . CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . LEGAL COURSE FOR BANKERs. Commencing Law School . Chicago Chapter American Institute Bank Clerks . . Institute Bank Clerks Eastern . . Contracts Bills Notes Corporations Trusts Agency Partnership Municipal Corporations Suretyship Bankruptcy . Contracts . An Contracts . Requirements ( ) American Institute Bank Clerks ( ) CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Students Law School . Should . Students Legal Course Bankers. $ $ $ $ . All $ . Students $ . . Hoyne Hall Law School . . . . Mr. John Williams First National Bank Chicago Secretary Law School Northwestern University Building Chicago. . FOURTH YEAR OR GRADUATE CouRSE. Faculty Law School Board Trustees University A. Lecture Courses. Any . B. Reading Courses. ( BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . .) . History Biography Bench Bar. One . (To Course B Prescribed ). . History English Legal System. One . (To Course BB Optional Reading . . History American Law. One . (A United States) . . Analytical Jurisprudence. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading ) . . S. Primitive Law. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading ) . . History Roman Law. One . (A Roman Law Roman Law ). . History Germanic Law. One . (To Course C Prescribed Reading ) . . Modern Continental Law Europe. One . (A European Continental ). . Comparative Legislation. One . (A Europe America). . Comparative History Legal Ideas. One . (A European European). . Legal Bibliography. One . ( ) . . Ecclesia. Law. One . (A European American) . . Constitutional Administr JJtive Law Continental Europe. (A Continental Europe). . Legal Ethics. One . (A ). . Principles American Law. (A United States). CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Parliamentary Law. One . (A . ( Bulletin Courses Prescribed Reading Secretary) . DEGREE OF . D. (luriS Do· ) . Juris Doctor ( ) Must A. B. Faculty Liberal Arts University ' Faculty Latin French German ( ) Must Bachelor Laws University . ( ) Must Fourth (Graduate) ( ) ( ) Lecture ( ) Reading Reading Faculty . Candidates . . ANNUAL BANQUET OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. Alumni Association Mid Day Club First National Bank Building Charles H. Hamill ' . Addresses Glenn E. Plumb Professor Frederic C. Woodward Warren M. Davis ' Charles C. Linthicum ' Dean John H. Wigmore. President Edgar B. Tolman ' . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. First Vice President Mitchell D. Follansbee ' . Second Vice President William Rothman ' . Third Vice President Warren M. Davis ' . Secretary Albert Keep ' . Treasurer Samuel E. Knecht ' . . COMMENCEMENT EXERCISEs. University Auditorium Chicago . Hon. Stewart L. Woodford. Master Arts Science Letters Bachelor Arts Science Letters Doctor Medicine Bachelor Laws SO Phermaceutical Graduates Chemists Doctor Dental Surgery Graduates Music . Callaghan Prize Francis Reynolds Dickinson A.B. Chicago William Harrison Haight B.L. Cambridge Wis. Towle Prizes First James Jackson Forstall B.L. Laurence Alfred Cohen. Bachelor Laws Adams Cyrus H. Jr. Goldstine Isaac Oscar Anderson George Fridolf Haight William Harrison Becker John Richard Hinckley Francis Edward Bell Benj . S. Hunt Anthony Brothers William Vincent Johnston William Walter Burns William Cullen Kolb Theodore Candee Robert Krause Hugo Foster Capron William Jr. Lucius Albert Edward Cohan Benjamin Edward Martin Andrew Aloysius Collins Kenneth Prentice Mies Frank Peter Colton Chauncey Corey Moore Willis Samuel Cutting Robert Myron McCord Downer Davis Warren Marcus McKinney Fred Landin Dickinson Francis Reynolds McNeil Robert Lincoln Eddy Morton Hoit N Robert J. Engstrom Ebenezer Washington Peacock Ernest Finerty John F. Jr. Rich Ernest Paul Garnett Elmer Logan Ridgely Claude V. CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Romans John Brown Rundall Charles Owen Secord Frederick Smietanka Alexander Michael Straus Ira E. Taylor David W . Thomason Samuel Emory Todd Leroy Levi Von Ammon Ernest Carl Warner George Raymond Winnen Victor Charles Wilcox Jesse Franklin Winston Garrard Bigelow Yates Robert Mortimer. III. LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR . FIFTH ANNUAL SERIES. All Hurd Hall Law School Northwestern University Building Lake Dearborn ' . All . No . . Oct. . Acq Retention Clientage. John S. Miller Esq. ( Peck Miller & Starr) . . Oct. . Selection Management Jury. James M. Sheean Esq. ( Calhoun Lyford & Sheean). . Oct. . Examination Witnesses. Amos C. Miller Esq. ( Lackner Butz & Miller). . Oct. . Preparation Case Trial Particular Reference Chancery. George A. Follansbee Esq. ( Follansbee McConnell & Follansbee). . Nov. . Lawyer' Mistakes S Physician. Archibald Church M. D. (Professor Medical Jurisprudence Medical School Northwestern University). . Nov. . Methods Keeping Using County Records. Abel Davis Esq. ( County Recorder Cook County) . . Nov. . Life Bene Insurance Practice. Charles J. Kavanagh Esq. (General Solicitor National Union) . . Nov. . Bankruptcy Practice. W. Tudor ApMadoc Esq. ( Peckham Packard ApMadoc & Walsh) . . Dec. . Practice Surety Indemnity Cases. Frederic F . Norcross Esq. (Attorney American Surety Co.). . Dec. . Practice Under Torrens System Land Titles. Charles G. Little Esq. (Examiner Titles Cook County). . Dec. . Practice Pleading Under Illinois Statutes. Keene H . Addington Esq. ( Keene & Addington' Supplement Illinois Statutes). Dec. . Dec. . . . Jan. . . Jan. . . Jan. . . Jan. . . Feb. . . Feb. . . Feb. . . Feb. . . Mar. . . Mar. . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. ( Christmas Recess. No Address). ( Christmas Recess. No Address). Ways Manners Legislature Law Making. Wm. H. McSurely Esq. ( Burley & McSurely Illinois State Assembly). Criminal Practice. Harry Olson Esq. (First Assistant State' Attorney Cook County). Methods Keeping Using Judicial Records. John H. Best Esq. (Chief Record Writer Circuit Court Cook County). Ways Manners Judges. Hon. Charles G. Neely ( Judge Circuit Court Cook County). • Appellate Court Practice. John A. Rose Esq. (General Attorney Chicago Union Traction Co.). Common Sense Examining Land Titles. Harrison B. Riley Esq. ( Secretary Chief Examiner Chicago Title Trust Co.) . Trial Assumpsit Suits. John G. Campbell Esq. ( Defrees Brace & Ritter) . Practice Before Masters Chancery. Thomas Taylor Jr. Esq. (Master Chancery Cook County). Art Writing Briefs Making Legal Arguments. Wm. K. Lowrey Esq. Trial Celebrated Criminal Case. Wm. S. Forrest Esq. https://plrccollections.org/files/original/94a40f502f19affc1a955ca0acc6f5c7.pdf ae32b2d55f541197f6c08e1f7ccc43eb PDF Text Text SERIES V NO VE MBER - JANUARY, 1906-07 NUMBER 3 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) F OUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS , CHICAGO PUBLISHED Q!JARTERLY BY NORTHW E STERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LAW SCHOOL, in Chicago. Fomided in 1859. THE ScnooL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1887. THE SCHOOL OF Musrc, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are maintained by the University: THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND P RAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its ewn foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University campus in _Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an independent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University Campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 3, SERIES V, NOVEMBER-JANUAR Y, 1906-07. Page. l. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION . • 3 IL NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS . . •• 5 Ill. LETTER FRO~f THE SECRETARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL ......... 9 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyrigh t, 1906, by Northwestern University E nt er ed at the Post-office at Chicago, Ill. , as Second-class ma tter. ��I. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. CHICAGO, January, 1907. To THE ALUMNI OF THE ScHooL oF LAw OF NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Brethren:-! beg to call the attention of all alumni to the list of names printed herewith. This list comprises the names and addresses of only those graduates living outside of Illinois, whose residence is noted on the records of the Secretary. This list is very incomplete and doubtless contains many errors. It contains less than one-third of the names of all living graduates outside of Illinois; some have doubtless died or moved from the addresses here given. For the purpose, therefore, of perfecting and making this list as complete as possible, you are urged to examine it carefully and to send me any of the following desired information you may be able to give relating to yourself or any other alumnus of whom you may have knowledge and whose name may not appear in this list, or if in the list may be incorrectly stated: 1. Correct name and address. 2. Present occupation. 3. Name of any public office held or now occupied. 4. Death of any alumnus and if possible date of decease and name and address of any surviving member of family. This list will be published and distributed as corrected and will be of value not only to the School but to all graduates. I would further remind you of the annual banquet of the Association to be held in Chicago about June 15 and to urge you to arrange to be present for your own profit and as one way of giving evidence of your loyalty to the 3 �4 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. School. Arrangements are now being made to make this an interesting meeting, one of the features of which will be an address by an alumnus of national reputation. In closing permit me to call to your attention the duty you owe to the School of not only informing the Secretary of the School of the names and addresses of prospective law students but of making it your business to place before such persons the advantages of your school. The School has a right to rely upon you to do this and only by exercising your interest in this way can it obtain that increase in attendance which is necessary to maintain its prestige among the leading law schools, now more than ever warranted by reason of its equipment and facilities fo r instruction. Very truly yours, ALBERT KEEP, 2ND, Secretary of the Alumni Association, 500 The Temple, Chicago. �II. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS. ARIZONA. Cassidy, Lysander, '91 Vermilyea, Samuel E., '89 Bishop. Wilber, Edwin Phoenix. Colgrove. Egan, John M., '77 Phoenix. J., '82 Nave, Frederick S, '97 COLORADO. Baca, Felix M., '89 ARKANSAS. Beck, Herbert M., '99 Berdel, Charles A., '76 Nogales. Trinidad. Denver. Cassel, John D., '88 Denver. Fort Smith. Cover, Wm. W ., '66 2462 Lincoln Ave., Denver. CALIFORNIA. Adams, George P., '87 Dickson, William H., '92 Denver. Los Angeles. Doud, A. Lee, '76 913 Broadway, Los Angeles. Goddard, Luther M., '65 Colusa. Hood, Thos H. San Diego. North, James M., '70 San Francisco. Rhone, Henry R., '80 D enver. A very, William H., '63 Leadville. Dyas, William G., '66 1657 Larimer St., D enver. Goodbody, Frank W ., '89 Boulder City. Hubbard, T. Worthington Hurd, .Norman H., '84 328 Montgomery St., cisco. Delta. San Fran- Jones, William M., Jr., '96 35 New Montgomery Francisco. St., San Kenney, Elizabeth L., '97 Ralston, David, '95 Trinidad. Rogers, Henry T., '68 Denver. Voght, John P. S., '80 Denver. 1st & Spring Sts., Los Angeles. Kirkbride, Chas. N., '93 CONNECTICUT. Walker, Albert H., '77 San Mateo. Marshall, Rev. Hugh A., '89 Hartford. L a Mesa. Phelps, Augustus S. J ., '62 IDAHO. Rhea, Everett, '04 Santa Marie. Polley, Frank J ., '82 Weiser. Pasadena. Reynolds, Jos. F., '66 Russell, John H., '68 INDIANA. Atkinson, David C., '96 Sanborn, Miles Edward, '74 Bartholomew, Alvan D., '66 Todd, Leroy L. Brandon, Henry J., '99 Turel, Edmund F., '97 Chamberlain, William, '76 Vermilyea, Minerva A., '89 Crumpacker, Shepard, '04 Santa Barbara. Hammond. San Jose. Valparaiso. Yuba. Indianapolis. San Francisco. Warsaw. San Jose. W estville. Bishop. 5 �6 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. INDIANA.-Continu ed. Pitcher, Perry P., '80 Fort Wayne. Platt, Franklin C., '76 Mitchell. Reisinger, Frank W ., '95 Bloomington. Robinson, George A., '93 Warsaw. Rockafellow, Joseph B., '75 Evansville. Swasey, Edward H., '84 South Bend. Walters, Francis Wm., '97 Claypool. Welch, Robert Leslie, '03 Auburn. JAPAN. Abo, Shiosake, '93 Edgerton, Dixon, '82 Edwards, John H ., '94 Eller, Will, '70 Eschbach, Jesse E., '03 Geupal, Theodore, '93 Hibberd, John A., '83 Kinsey, Francis E., '94 Link, Daniel M., '93 Loeb, Isaac A., '93 Anderson. Meyer, F. J. Lewis, '89 South Bend. J efferson. Waterloo. Louis. Hampton. Atlantic. Dow City. New London. Knoxville. Tokio. Jamestown. KANSAS. Ames, Elmer E., '84 Kentland. Dixon, George M., '67 Plymouth. French, James W., '83 Elkhart. Higinbotham, Scott W ., '96 Logansport. Hill, Virgil W., '94 Reynierson, Add Leshe, '04 Sedgley, William, '95 Tibbetts, Chas. B., '83 Van Fleet, John M., '67 Webster, Weldon, '86 Morton. · Burlington. Iola. Manhattan. Augusta. Hunt, John IOWA. Albright, Alice M., '92 Roberts, Herbert F., '93 Balliett, Stephen E., '67 Rowley, Milton, '78 Boling, Coella 0., '94 Sutherland, James W., '69 Carter, Charles Wesley, '78 Taylor, Joseph, '97 Gorrell, Arthur R., '93 Widby, Helm, Ezra A., '76 Williams, Chas. H., '96 Hibberd, John A., '83 Young, Clarence, '90 Kepler, Louis H., '04 Kerlin, George B., '81 KENTUCKY. Nelson, J. Clyde, '88 McCoy, William J., '65 Wood, Chas. A., '87 Cedar Rapids. Des Moines. Stanwood. Rock Valley. Newton. Cedar Rapids. South Bend. Mt. Vernon. Storm Lake. Clinton. Miller, George I., '91 Topeka. Manhattan . Beloit. Neodosha. Pittsburg. J. Thomas, Girard. '79 McPherson. Ottawa. Sharpsburg. Middlesboro. Milchrist, William, '74 MASSACHUSETTS. Barnett, Na than, '95 Oggel, E. Christian, '01 Carpenter, Arthur E., '83 Payne, Frank S., '94 Smith, Sydney P ., '82 Clarinda. Sioux City. Orange City. Mt. Pleasant. Boston. 81 M ilk St., Boston. Athol. �NAMES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. Connable, Alfred B., '96 Barnard, John C., '87 Omaha. Kalamazoo. Bower, John H., '92 Sault Ste. Marie. Bryan, William J., '84 Constantine. Yaple, Edward L., '99 Casto, John H., '83 Mendon. McCarthy, Wm. D., '00 MINNESOTA. Brace, Harrison H., '89 McNamara, Thaddeus, '74 Davidson, William E., '96 Hoffman, Clare H ., '% Madrid. Lincoln. Hastings. Ponca. Tonopah. St. Anthony's Park. Richards, Chas. L., '84 Minneapo1is. Robbins, Chas. A., '85 Duluth. Schurtleff, Chas. W., '84 Choate, Augustus B., '88 Dibell, Homer E. Fort, Green L., '82 Minneapolis. Reynolds, Frank A . Austin. Schmitt, Harrison L., '93 Mankato. Swift, Willi s C., '93 912 Pioneer Press Bldg., St. Paul. Trask, Chas. S., '76 Hebron . Lincoln. Stratton. NEW MEXICO. Bayne, Charles M., '81 Raton. NEW YORK. Congdon, Ossian M., '94 Ithaca. Whipple, Warner E., '95 Caledonia. Gary, Elbert H ., '67 Providence Bldg., Duluth. MISSOURI. Brown, Robert D., '94 Heath, William R., '88 Munn, Chester J., Jr., '95 New York City. New York City. Leyden. Kansas City. Rubel, Ira W ., '83 Kansas City. Whitehouse, Wm. F., '64 Jefferson City. Young, J. Arnold, '84 German, Charles W., '89 Hadley, Herbert S., '94 Harnsberger, William, '77 Kansas City. Harrington, Francis M., '66 New York City. New York City. :Milton-on-Hudson. Hayden, Merritt W., '93 NORTH DAKOTA. Fort, John F ., '82 Mclndoe, Hugh, '91 Gregory, Charles E., '80 Merrill, Henry, '64 Simons, Chas. B., '88 Moore, Edwin L., '91 Soliday, George W., '93 Kirkville. St. Louis. J oplin. Greenfield. Lamar. Moss, David H., Jr., '99 Bisma1·ck. Carrington. Oriska. Carrington . Thomas, Clarence N., '91 OHIO. Guthman, Roy 0 ., '03 Slove r, J as. H ., '66 Herbst, Chas. F., Jr., '99 Whitman, Guy, '93 Kinney, Joel F ., '61 NEBRASKA. Balliett, Charles H., '67 Miller, Wm. E., '02 Paris. La Grange. Independence. Carrollton. 435 Range Bldg., Omaha. Youngstown. Wapakoneta. Cincinnati. Galena . Whittaker, W. H., '77 Cincinnati. 7 �8 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. OKLAHOMA. Knapp , Wm. Proctor, '03 Hadley, Hiram E., '77 Olympia. Oklahoma City. Haines, J. Charles, '71 Weatherford. Hestie, Addison W., '76 Webster, George T., '94 OREGON. Frame, Robert A., '66 Seattle. Seattle. Hus ton, Robert J ., '87 Seattle. Portland. Kellogg, J olm A., '94 Pendleton. McBroom, Alexander K., '85 Portland. McElwain, William P ., '87 Portland. McNeil, Robert L., '06 Pierce, Walter M., '96 Summers, James, '80 White, T. Brook, '78 PENNSYLVANIA. Alexander, Robert E., '97 Canons berg. Barnes, William S., '97 New Wilmington. Keim, George C., '96 Johnstown. Moorhead, Fo rest G. Fredonia. Rogers, John S., '93 Northport. Spokane Falls. Seattle. Seattle. Phillips, Paul B., '03 1424 Belmont Ave., Seattle. Waterman, Howard W ayne, '00 402 Boston Block, Seattle. WEST VIRGINIA. Moroney, Patrick H., '96 Parkersbur g. Schweyer, W ilberforce, '89 WISCONSIN. Baldwin, George B., '01 Webb, Curtis L., '93 Block, Manfred S., '03 PORTO RICO. Maltman, Stewart A., '93 Cooper1 Henry A., '75 Charleroi. Mifflintown. Conneautville. Ponce. Appleton. Plattevi lle. Racme . Crosby, E mery vV., '02 Abbotsford. Feld, Carl R., '81 SOUTH DAKOTA. Boncher, Lyman T ., '80 Griffith, J ohn H., '64 Brown, Nathaniel, 76 Hubbell, Horner B., '86 Dodge, Bion A., '81 Ingall s, John P., '93 Reed, Chas. C., '80 Lewis, Pinckney G., '80 TEXAS. Hopkins, Fred P., '86 Luby, Clarence Jos., '01 E u re ka. Aberdeen . Milbank. S isseton. Marin e. VERMONT. McBirney, George D., '96 Manchester. Watertown. M il waukee. Beave1- Dam. E lkhorn. 469 Eleventh S t., Milwaukee. Hurley. Marsden, Frank F., '97 Fenimore. Miller, J ames G., '79 La Crosse. Mo rrow, Francis X., '86 Oconto. WASHINGTON, D. C. Hayden, Samuel V., '79 Payne, Eugene B., '60 Tripp, Geo rge E., '70 WASHINGTON. Cowan, vVarren E., '06 WYOMING. Hagen, Graddus R., '04 Pension B u reau. Seattle. Mulberger, Arthur, '00 Watertown. West Salem. Casper. �III. To LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL. CHICAGO, January, 1907. LA w THE ALUMNI OF THE SCI-IOOL OF OF NORTHWESTER N UNIVERSITY: Inasmuch as the development of the Law School is of interest to its Alumni, not only because of their loyalty to it, but also because of the enlarged scope of its usefulness to them, it seems proper for the secretary of the Law School to inform them of the progress and improvement the school is making. Hence your attention is called to the recent great increase of the library facilities of the School which has been made possible through the generosity of Hon. Elbert H. Gary '67, now a resident of New York City. Mr. Gary's gifts of the past few years have placed the School in this particular among the foremost in the United States and have very greatly increased its sphere of usefulness. The first instalment of the Gary Collection of Modern Continental Law was received in 1903 and it is now substantially complete. It represents the twenty-three independent countries of Continental Europe with their dependencies. The material of each country is divided as follows: ( 1) Codes or systematic laws in the original lang uage and in French or German in all in stances where a translation has been made; (2) complete files of the decisions of the supreme court of Justice; (3) leading law journals; ( 4) representative treatises on the body of contemporary law and important single topics, and treatises upon the history of the law. Continuations to the laws, decisions and periodicals are added as they are published so that the collection is in every sense modern. Its practl'tal value is being demonstrated by a rapidly increasing number of consultations, not only by Chicago lawyers but by officials of 9 �10 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. foreign governments, students, lawyers and persons engaged in research or study of comparative legislation from all points in the United States. The fact that this is the most complete collection of its kind in existence and the growing tendency of legislators to compare foreign laws relating to any proposed new legislation and to profit thereby has been aided and will be much increased by the location of the library at this central point. During the last year Mr. Gary has enabled the School to make the following additions: ( 1) American official State Reports and English Reports. The collection of Official State Reports has been completed, so that in An,erican reports, the library now contains, or has contracted for, all State and Territorial Reports, duplicate sets of Illinois and United States Reports, the entire West Reporter System, partly in duplicate, and a complete collection of Statutes and Codes with session laws, bringing the printed laws of each State to date. The set of English Reports, original edition, has been completed and a set of Year Books published about the year 1600 added, thus making with the Reprint Edition, Law Reports, Leading Cases and Mew's English Digest, an excellent collection of English material. (2) English Historical Material. The first installment of this collection has been received and is now accessible to patrons of the library. Among the titles of some of the volumes already received are Horne's Mirror of Justice, 1646; Horseman's Precedents in Conveyancing, 1757; Sheppard's Touchstone of Common Assurances, 1648; Sheppard's Precedent of Precedents, 1655 ; Ancient Kalendars and Inventories of the Exchequer ( Palgrove), 1836; Office of Clerk of Assize, 1682; Bacon's Historical and Discourse on the Laws, etc., of England, 1647; Book of Oaths 1649; Bridgman's Conveyances; Select Precedents, 1682, 1689, 1699, 1725; Jtnes' Works, 1650; Gibson's Codex Juris Ecclesiastici Anglicani, 1671; Stanford's Prerogatives, 1577; Stillingfleet's Ecclesiastical Cases, 1704 ; Perkins' Profitable �LETTER FROM SECRET ARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 11 Book, 1584 ; Praxis Utrinsque Banci, 1674; Pulling's Laws, Customs, etc., of London, 1842; Fulton's Statutes, 1632 ; Brownlow's Brevia Judicilia, 1662; East's Pleas of the Crown, 1803; Fitzherbert's New Natura Brevium, 1567, 1598 and 1730. From these few titles some idea may be had of the volumes in this collection, many of them books of exceeding rarity, duplicates of which are not to be found in the United States. It is believed that the location of this collection here will stimulate interest among members of the bar in the study of the history, and the growth and development of our system of law, in addition to its being of much value in questions arising in practice. The acquisition of this collection has been made possible, after the gift of Mr. Gary, by the extraordinary knowledge and diligence of Mr. Soule, of the Boston Book Company. ( 3) International Law. A part of this collection has been received and placed on the library shelves. When complete it will include all printed material relating to Amer1can international Law not now readily accessible to residents of Chicago and the vVest, and in addition will include the most important publications of all th e Euorpean governments and all leading French, German, or English treatises, including translations from other languages. ( 4) Ancient and Oriental Law: A large part of this collection is now on the library shelves. Its nucleus was formed by selections from the libraries of Professors Darmesteter, Gaston Paris, and three other savants of France. When completed it is intended to include all available material of the Hindu, Mohammedan, Hebrew, Babylonian, Egyptian, Greek, Chinese and Japanese systems, as well as the primitive tribal laws of Africa, etc. In its scope this collection is not exceeded by any library, and it is already of great value to persons engaged in research in law, politics or history. A cordial invitation is extended to all alumni to avail themselves of the priviliges of the library. A nominal fee of one dollar per year is charged them and a fee of four �12 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. dollars per year is charged other members of the bar. The School in extending this invitation is not attempting to compete in any way with any other Chicago law library, but simply aims to be of service to the young practitioner or to one whose practice does not warrant the payment of the larger fee charged by other libraries ; to keep the bar in touch with the School; and to cause such an excellent collection of material as is contained in the library to be of the greatest public benefit. The secretary would be very glad to furnish any further information that may be desired concerning the School and its library facilities. Very truly yours, FREDERIC B. CROSSLEY, Secretary of the Law School, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. EVANSTON-CHICAGO. DIRECTORY. The special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evans'-- ton, Ill. MEDiCAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAW SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF Music, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, Onarga, Ill., REV. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REV. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D., Principal. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REV. NELS E. SIMONSON, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REv. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CuMNOCK, L. H. D., Director, Evanston, Ill. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series V, Number 3 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1906-1907 November-January Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 November-1907 January Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES V NOVEMBER JANUARY NUMBER NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) F OUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED Q!JARTERLY BY NORTHW E STERN NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO University Faculty QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES V NOVEMBER JANUAR Y . Page. . LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION . • IL NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS . . •• Ill. LETTER FRO THE SECRETARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL ......... MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyrigh Northwestern University E Post Chicago Ill. Second . . LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. CHICAGO . To THE ALUMNI OF THE ScHooL oF LAw OF NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Brethren ! BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. ALBERT KEEP ND Secretary Alumni Association Temple Chicago. II. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS. ARIZONA. Cassidy Lysander ' Phoenix. Egan John M. ' Phoenix. Nave Frederick S ' Nogales. ARKANSAS. Beck Herbert M. ' Fort Smith. CALIFORNIA. Adams George P. ' Los Angeles. A William H. ' Broadway Los Angeles. Dyas William G. ' Colusa. Goodbody Frank W . ' San Diego. Hubbard T. Worthington San Francisco. Hurd .Norman H. ' Montgomery St. San Francisco. Jones William M. Jr. ' New Montgomery St. San Francisco. Kenney Elizabeth L. ' & Spring Sts. Los Angeles. Kirkbride Chas. N. ' San Mateo. Marshall Rev. Hugh A. ' L Mesa. Phelps S. J . ' Santa Marie. Polley Frank J . ' Pasadena. Reynolds Jos. F. ' Santa Barbara. Russell John H. ' San Jose. Sanborn Miles Edward ' Yuba. Todd Leroy L. San Francisco. Turel Edmund F. ' San Jose. Vermilyea Minerva A. ' Bishop. Vermilyea Samuel E. ' Bishop. Wilber Edwin J. ' Colgrove. COLORADO. Baca Felix M. ' Trinidad. Berdel Charles A. ' Denver. Cassel John D. ' Denver. Cover Wm. W . ' Lincoln Ave. Denver. Dickson William H. ' Denver. Doud A. Lee ' D . Goddard Luther M. ' Leadville. Hood Thos H. Larimer St. D . North James M. ' Boulder City. Rhone Henry R. ' Delta. Ralston David ' Trinidad. Rogers Henry T. ' Denver. Voght John P. S. ' Denver. CONNECTICUT. Walker Albert H. ' Hartford. IDAHO. Rhea Everett ' Weiser. INDIANA. Atkinson David C. ' Hammond. Bartholomew Alvan D. ' Valparaiso. Brandon Henry J. ' Indianapolis. Chamberlain William ' Warsaw. Crumpacker Shepard ' Westville. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. INDIANA. Continued. Edgerton Dixon ' Fort Wayne. Edwards John H . ' Mitchell. Eller Will ' Bloomington. Eschbach Jesse E. ' Warsaw. Geupal Theodore ' Evansville. Hibberd John A. ' South Bend. Kinsey Francis E. ' Claypool. Link Daniel M. ' Auburn. Loeb Isaac A. ' Anderson. Meyer F. J. Lewis ' South Bend. Reynierson Add Leshe ' Jamestown. Sedgley William ' Kentland. Tibbetts Chas. B. ' Plymouth. Van Fleet John M. ' Elkhart. Webster Weldon ' Logansport. IOWA. Albright Alice M. ' Cedar Rapids. Balliett Stephen E. ' Des Moines. Boling Coella . ' Stanwood. Carter Charles Wesley ' Rock Valley. Gorrell Arthur R. ' Newton. Helm Ezra A. ' Cedar Rapids. Hibberd John A. ' South Bend. Kepler Louis H. ' Mt. Vernon. Kerlin George B. ' Storm Lake. McCoy William J. ' Clinton. Miller George . ' Clarinda. Milchrist William ' Sioux City. Oggel E. Christian ' Orange City. Payne Frank S. ' Mt. Pleasant. Pitcher Perry P. ' J . Platt Franklin C. ' Waterloo. Reisinger Frank W . ' Louis. Robinson George A. ' Hampton. Rockafellow Joseph B. ' Atlantic. Swasey Edward H. ' Dow City. Walters Francis Wm. ' New London. Welch Robert Leslie ' Knoxville. JAPAN. Abo Shiosake ' Tokio. KANSAS. Ames Elmer E. ' Morton. · Dixon George M. ' Burlington. French James W. ' Iola. Higinbotham Scott W . ' Manhattan. Hill Virgil W. ' . Hunt John Topeka. Roberts Herbert F. ' Manhattan. Rowley Milton ' Beloit. Sutherland James W. ' Neodosha. Taylor Joseph ' Pittsburg. Widby J. Thomas ' Girard. Williams Chas. H. ' McPherson. Young Clarence ' Ottawa. KENTUCKY. Nelson J. Clyde ' Sharpsburg. Wood Chas. A. ' Middlesboro. MASSACHUSETTS. Barnett Na ' Boston. Carpenter Arthur E. ' Milk St. Boston. Smith Sydney P . ' Athol. NAMES OF ALUMNI OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. Connable Alfred B. ' Kalamazoo. Davidson William E. ' Sault Ste. Marie. Hoffman Clare H . '% Constantine. Yaple Edward L. ' Mendon. MINNESOTA. Brace Harrison H. ' St. Anthony' Park. Choate B. ' Minneapo . Dibell Homer E. Duluth. Fort Green L. ' Minneapolis. Reynolds Frank A. Austin. Schmitt Harrison L. ' Mankato. Swift Willi C. ' Pioneer Press Bldg. St. Paul. Trask Chas. S. ' Caledonia. Whipple Warner E. ' Providence Bldg. Duluth. MISSOURI. Brown Robert D. ' Kansas City. German Charles W. ' Kansas City. Hadley Herbert S. ' Jefferson City. Harnsberger William ' Kansas City. Harrington Francis M. ' Kirkville. Hayden Merritt W. ' St. Louis. Mclndoe Hugh ' J . Merrill Henry ' Greenfield. Moore Edwin L. ' Lamar. Moss David H. Jr. ' Paris. Thomas Clarence N. ' La Grange. Slover J . H . ' Independence. Whitman Guy ' Carrollton. NEBRASKA. Balliett Charles H. ' Range Bldg. Omaha. Barnard John C. ' Omaha. Bower John H. ' Madrid. Bryan William J. ' Lincoln. Casto John H. ' Hastings. McCarthy Wm. D. ' Ponca. McNamara Thaddeus ' Tonopah. Richards Chas. L. ' Hebron . Robbins Chas. A. ' Lincoln. Schurtleff Chas. W. ' Stratton. NEW MEXICO. Bayne Charles M. ' Raton. NEW YORK. Congdon Ossian M. ' Ithaca. Gary Elbert H . ' New York City. Heath William R. ' New York City. Munn Chester J. Jr. ' Leyden. Rubel Ira W . ' New York City. Whitehouse Wm. F. ' New York City. Young J. Arnold ' Milton Hudson. NORTH DAKOTA. Fort John F . ' Bisma · . Gregory Charles E. ' Carrington. Simons Chas. B. ' Oriska. Soliday George W. ' Carrington. OHIO. Guthman Roy . ' Youngstown. Herbst Chas. F. Jr. ' Wapakoneta. Kinney Joel F . ' Cincinnati. Miller Wm. E. ' Galena . Whittaker W. H. ' Cincinnati. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. OKLAHOMA. Knapp Wm. Proctor ' Oklahoma City. Webster George T. ' Weatherford. OREGON. Frame Robert A. ' Portland. Pierce Walter M. ' Pendleton. Summers James ' Portland. White T. Brook ' Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. Alexander Robert E. ' Canons . Barnes William S. ' New Wilmington. Keim George C. ' Johnstown. Moorhead Forest G. Fredonia. Rogers John S. ' Charleroi. Schweyer W ' Mifflintown. Webb Curtis L. ' Conneautville. PORTO RICO. Maltman Stewart A. ' Ponce. SOUTH DAKOTA. Boncher Lyman T . ' E . Brown Nathaniel Aberdeen . Dodge Bion A. ' Milbank. Reed Chas. C. ' Sisseton. TEXAS. Hopkins Fred P. ' Marin . VERMONT. McBirney George D. ' Manchester. WASHINGTON D. C. Hayden Samuel V. ' Payne Eugene B. ' Pension B . WASHINGTON. Cowan vVarren E. ' Seattle. Hadley Hiram E. ' Olympia. Haines J. Charles ' Seattle. Hestie Addison W. ' Seattle. Hus Robert J . ' Seattle. Kellogg J A. ' Northport. McBroom Alexander K. ' Spokane Falls. McElwain William P . ' Seattle. McNeil Robert L. ' Seattle. Phillips Paul B. ' Belmont Ave. Seattle. Waterman Howard W ' Boston Block Seattle. WEST VIRGINIA. Moroney Patrick H. ' Parkersburg. WISCONSIN. Baldwin George B. ' Appleton. Block Manfred S. ' Plattevi . Cooper Henry A. ' Racme. Crosby Emery vV. ' Abbotsford. Feld Carl R. ' Watertown. Griffith J H. ' Mil . Hubbell Horner B. ' Beave Dam. Ingall John P. ' E . Lewis Pinckney G. ' Eleventh S . Milwaukee. Luby Clarence Jos. ' Hurley. Marsden Frank F. ' Fenimore. Miller J G. ' La Crosse. Morrow Francis X. ' Oconto. Mulberger Arthur ' Watertown. Tripp George E. ' West Salem. WYOMING. Hagen Graddus R. ' Casper. III. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL. CHICAGO . To THE ALUMNI OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW OF NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Inasmuch Law School Alumni Law School . Hence School Hon. Elbert H. Gary Gary Collection Modern Continental Law . Continental Europe . ( ) Codes French German ( ) Justice ( ) ( ) . Continuations . Its ' Chicago BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. United States. . During Mr. Gary School ( ) American State Reports English Reports. Official State Reports An State Territorial Reports Illinois United States Reports West Reporter System Statutes Codes State . English Reports Year Books Reprint Edition Law Reports Leading Cases Mew' English Digest English . ( ) English Historical Material. . Among Horne' Mirror Justice Horseman' Precedents Conveyancing Sheppard' Touchstone Common Assurances Sheppard' Precedent Precedents Ancient Kalendars Inventories Exchequer ( Palgrove) Office Clerk Assize Bacon' Historical Discourse Laws . England Book Oaths Bridgman' Conveyances Select Precedents Jtnes' Works Gibson' Codex Juris Ecclesiastici Anglicani Stanford' Prerogatives Stillingfleet' Ecclesiastical Cases Perkins' Profitable LETTER FROM SECRETARY OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Book Praxis Utrinsque Banci Pulling' Laws Customs . London Fulton' Statutes Brownlow' Brevia Judicilia East' Pleas Crown Fitzherbert' New Natura Brevium . From United States. . Mr. Gary Mr. Soule Boston Book Company. ( ) International Law. A . Amer Law Chicago vVest Euorpean French German English . ( ) Ancient Oriental Law A . Its Professors Darmesteter Gaston Paris France. Hindu Mohammedan Hebrew Babylonian Egyptian Greek Chinese Japanese Africa . . A . A BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . School Chicago School . School . Very FREDERIC B. CROSSLEY Secretary Law School Northwestern University Bldg. Chicago. https://plrccollections.org/files/original/fc431afaaa220bafb030c5b8d4877327.pdf 173486b4bb1ed1fd1fc78ba550afe131 PDF Text Text H N. U. ARO HfVES SERIES IV ' 1905 MAY-JULY, 5:>~, U 1'i w li"ti I t> ff#. UNIV t' },St TV NUMBER I NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHIC AG Q.:._E VAN STO N BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Evanston-Chicago The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LA w SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1887. THE ScHOOL OF Musrc, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are maintained by the University : THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University campus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an independent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University Campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 1, SERIES IV, MAY-JULY, 1905. PAGE. I. Calendar of Session for r905-o6......................... 3 II. Revised List of Faculty for 1905........................ 4 III. Revised List of Courses for 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 IV. Tuition Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 V. Requirements for Admission . . .... .... .. . .. ...... ... ... 17 VI. Address on Organizing and Advising a Corporation, by Levy Mayer, Esq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 VII. Revised List of Alumni S-::cret-:1r:es for 1905 . . . ..... . .. .. 36 VIII. List of Students for 1905 ...... . ....................... 39 IX. Announcement of Annual Alumni Banquet, 1905 . ........ 47 X. Young Men's Chri stian Association. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright 1905, by Northwestern University. Entered at the Post-office at Chicago, Ill., as Second-class matter. ��I. CALENDAR OF SESSION, 1905-1906 1905. September 25, Monday, September 26, Tuesday, September 27, Wednesday, September 28, Thursday, November 30 to December 3, December 21, Thursday, 1900. January 3, Wednesday, January 25, Thursday, Jan uary 28, Sunday, J anuary 29, Monday, February 3, Saturday, February 5, Monday, February 12, Monday, February 22, Thursday, May 26, Saturday, May 30, Wednesday, May 31, Thursday, June 21, Thursday, Registration Day for New Students. Registration Day for Applicants for Advanced Standing. Registration Day for Other Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close for Christmas Recess . Christmas Recess Ends, Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Founder's Day. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln's Birthday. Washington's Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. Memorial Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW 3 SCHOOLS Lectures �II. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR 1905.* THOMAS FRANKLIN HOLGATE, Ph. D., A cting President of the University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE, ( A. M., LL. B. , Harvard University) Professor of Law and Dean of the Faculty. HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD, (LL. D. , Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor of Law. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE, (A. M., Yale U niversity; LL. B., H arvard Uni versity) Associate Professor of I.aw. ALBERT MARTIN KALES, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard U ni versity) Associate Professor of I.aw. SAMUEL ADAMS, ( A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the I.aw of Procedure and Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern u niversity) A ssistant Proft ssor in the Law of Crimes and Crimi11al Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE, (A. B., Amherst College ; LL. B., Northwestern University) Associate Professor of Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD, (A. M., LL. B., Harvard University) Professor of Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY, (A. B. , Harvard University) Professor in the Law of Conveyancing, Mortgages, Carriers, and Commercial Paper. LEVI HARPER FULLER, (B. S., Upper Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State University) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. *Arranged, with the exception of President and Dean , within. each group in the order of seniority of appointment. 4 �REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY. 5 FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD, (A. M., Dickinson College; LL. M., Cornell University) Professor of Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Patents. MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B. , Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. Lecturer on Legal Ethics. CHARLES BYRD ELDER, (LL. B. , Northwestern University) Assistant Professor in the Law of Extraordinary Legal Remedies and Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL, (B. S., Wabash College; LL. B., No rthwestern University) Assistant Professor in the Law of Insurance. LOUIS LEE DENT, (A. B., Harvard University) Lecturer on General Practice EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM, (A. B., Northwest ern University) Lecturer on Voice Training and Forensics. HENRY LEE PRESCOTT, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard U nive rsity) Lecturer on Forensics. JOSEPH THOMAS ROBERT, Lecfitrer on Parliamentary Law. CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD, (A. B., University of Wisconsin) Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright. CHARLES YOE FREEMAN, (A. B., Princeton University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Lecturer on Corporation Practice. HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard University) Lecturer on Liens. DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB, (A. B., Northwestern University, A. M., LL. B., Harvard University) Lecturer on Public Service Corporations. JOSEPH IGNATIUS KELLY, (A. M., Ph. D., Fordham College, England; C. E., Pennsylvania Military College; LL. B., Chicago College of Law) Lecturer on Roman Law. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Secretary of the Law School and of the Faculty. �III. REVISED LIST OF COURSES FOR 1905-6. FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. Con tracts-Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on Contracts. Professor WooDWARD. Torts-Three hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts. Professor WIG.MORE. Property (!)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. I, II. ( Personal property; tenures and estates in real property; fixtures, profits, easements, covenants running with land, rents.) Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Pleading; Andrews' Stephen on Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes and Criminal Procedure-Two hours a week. Beale's Professor LEE. Cases on Criminal Law. SECOND TERM. Contracts (continued)-Three hours a week. Professor WOODWARD. Torts (continued)-Two hot)rs a week. Professor WIG.MORE. Property (I) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading and Procedure (continued)-One hour a week. Lectures and practical exercises. Professor ADAMS. Master and Servant in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency. Professor WIG.MORE. Danrnges- One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence- Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Evidence, 2d edition. Professor WIG.MORE. Trusts-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts. Professor WOODWARD. Agency-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency. Professor LITTLE. 6 ( �REVISED LIST OF COURSES. 7 Commercial Paper-Three hours a week. Ames' (ases on Bills Professor GREELEY. and Notes. Eqiiity Jurisdiction-Three hours a week Ames' Cases on Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ([!)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases in Property, Vols. III, IV. (Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including descent, wills, administration, etc.) Professor KALES. Persons (Domestic Relations}-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Persons. Professor KALES. SECOND TERM. Evidence (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor W1GMORE. Property (II) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction (continued)-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi-Contracts-Three hours a week, Keener's Cases on Quasi. Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. [Given in 1904-1905, and alternate years.] Sales of Personalty-Three hours a week. Williston's Cases 011. Sales. Professor WOODWARD. [Given in 1905-1906, and alternate years.] Insurance (Fire and Life)-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Insurance. Professor HALL. Equity Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week. on Equity Pleading; and practical exercises. Professor ADAMS. Public Service Corporations (Railroad, Telegraph, .Gas, \!\Tater, \I\Tarehouse, and similar Services)-One hour a week. Beale's and Wyman's Cases on Public Service Corporations. Mr. BOBB. Liens-One hour a week. Selected cases. Mr. FRIEDMAN. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM . Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure .and Practice in Illinois-Two hours a week. Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law ([}-Two hours a week. Scott's Cases 011 International Law. Professor HYDE. �BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. International Law (ll)-American Treaties and Diplomacy; topics for research. Two hours a week. Professor HYDE. Suretyship-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Judgments and Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments, Garnishment, Execution, etc.)-One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments. Professor ELDER. Constitutional Law-Three hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (Ill)-Two hours a week Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. V, VI. (Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.) Professor KALES. Conveyancing-One hour a week Drafting exercises, study of selected abstracts, and lectures on practice. Professor GREELEY. Conflict of, Laws-Three hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict of Laws. Professor HYDE. Code Pleading and Procedu.re--One hour a week. Cases on Code Professor WooDWARD. Pleading. Roman Law-One hour a week. Justinian's Pandects. Kelly's Select Titles from Mr. KELLY. Practice Court-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as judge. Professor FULLER. *Patents of Invention ([)-General Survey. Five lectures. Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II and III will not be given, unless at least twenty special students apply for them before October rs: (ll)-Patent Soliciting. Twenty lectures, with practical exercises. (/ll)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures. *These three form a single course; the first part is open. to all students; the second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years, and to special students, but cannot be taken separately. The number of lectures is equivalent to two hours a week through the year, and work in the course will therefore be credited as four term hou;s. �REVISED UST OF COURSES. 9 SECOND TERM. Corporations (continued)-Twc hours a week. Professor LITTLE. Corporation Practice-One hour a week. Practical Exercises m conducting corporate legal business, drafting instruments, etc. Mr. FREEMAN. Bankruptcy-Two hours a week. Williston's Cases on Bankruptcy. Professor WooDWARD. Constitutional Law (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers-Three hours a week. McClain's Cases on Carriers; Beale's Cases on Carriers. Professor GREELEY. Conveyancing (continued)-One hour a week. Professor GREELEY. Mortgages-Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages . Professor GREELEY. Professor SCHOFIELD. Public Officers-One hour a week. [Given in 1905-1906, and alternate years.] Practice Court (continued) -Two hours a week, at a single Professor FULLER. session. Property (III) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Municipal G_orporations-One hour a week. Smith's Cases on Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. Partnership-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Partnership. Professor LITTLE. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto, Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour a week. Eider's Cases on Extraordinary Legal Remedies. Professor ELDER. Jurisdiction of Federal Courts-One hour a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and five, the equivalent of nearly fifty-three hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three year-groups, no first-year student may take courses in the second or third year-groups without special permission; and no second year student may take courses in the third year-group (except Constitutional Law and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and a third-year student taking the courses of Conveyancing and Property III must already have taken the courses of Property I and II. But any regular student may take any course offered in the group of the year for which he is entered, or any course not already takei:i by him in a preceding year. �10 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade-Marks and Copyrights-Six lectures. MR. PICKARD. General Review-Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in September and June, prior to the State examination for admission to the Bar. MR. DENT. Legal Ethics-Five lectures. Professor FOLLANSBEE. SCHEDULE OF HOURS. The schedule of hours is so arranged that the courses are given in general as follows : first year courses, between two and five o'clock in the afternoon; second year courses, between nine and tw elve o'clock in the morning; third year courses, between three and seven o'clock in the afternoon. The Practice Court is held in the evening 11t half past seven. SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. In addition to the systematic instruction in the body of the law, as represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to provide adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing and speaking, which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer. The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows : I. Pleadings and Other Instruments-In the courses on Common Law Pleading, Code Pleading, and Equity Pleading, in addition to the systematic course of study, the student is given exercises in the drafting of the various kinds of pleadings. In Corporations, the class is formed, during the second term, into two corporations, which organize, elect officers, issue stock, enlarge capital, keep books, consolidate, and do various other acts of corporate business which call for the drafting of instruments and otherwise familiarize the student with the modes of using the legal knowledge acquired. In the other courses, particularly Commercial Paper, Carriers, Insurance, and the like, particular attention is paid to the study of forms of instruments m common use. . 2. Conveyancing-In the course on conveyancing the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title, some fifteen in a-11, representing the greatest variety of documents and proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy of each abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the class, and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form and substance from the conveyancer's point of view, and with regard to the laws of the different States. Thorough work in this course ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of his entering upon his profession. No one may take this co.u rse who has not already taken the courses Property I and II. �LEGAL WRITING, SPEAKING, AND PRACTICE. 11 3. Practice Court-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the rules of law. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the third-year students to become practically familiar with these rules by the personal application of them in litigation managed by the student himself. The Court's session are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three cases are tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects. In the mean time, between the sessions, numbers of causes are being prepared and advanced from stage to stage by the student-attorneys · in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched, at the hearings, by the respective attorneys, all other members of the class are required to attend and make notes and reports of the work being done, so that each one obtains some benefit also from what is done in his presence by others. A faithful observance of the work of this course ought to give the graduate such an experience in using his legal knowledge as will assist him materially to start in his profession with greater readiness and practical facility. The systematic pursuit of such work under an experienced instructor obtains for the student the same results as a period of desultory service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and accurate in quality. A copy of the printed Rules of the Practice Court will be mailed to any one upon request. 4. Legal Tactics-For the past three years, on every Monday evening until April, an address was given, by some well-known member of the Bar, · upon some topic of practice in which he had had special experience, and in which the communication of personal experience was of special value as a guide to others. This course has been of particular value to young practitioners already -at the Bar, and will be repeated in r905-r906, with some variations. 5. Thesis-It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original research by students. Any member of the third-year class may therefore obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved by a member of the Faculty before . December 1st. The thesis must be presented on or before May r5th of the year in which the student expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work should be begun not later than December. 6. Legal Forensics; Revised Regulations for 1905-6. The function of a lawyer, as the persuasive adviser and leader of men, needs for its development some training in- oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings, �12 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. and the like. The instruction hitherto provided under the heads of Public Speaking and Moot Courts has been consolidated into a single graded course continuing through the three years. The work in ·this course shall be required for graduation, beginning with all persons entering in 1904. Persons entering with advanced standing who have not taken equivalent work elsewhere are subject to the remaining requirements, applicable to the class which they enter, except that a candidate for a degree in one year may be exempted from specified parts of the work, or may be required to substitute the second year for the· third year work. The course at large is entitled Forensic Writing and Speaking. In the first year it is entitled, Forensics, Lectures and Exercises; in the second year, Moot Court and Public Debate; in the third year, Practical Legal Advice. The credit for work done is as follows: First year, I term hour; second year, I term hour; third year, I term hour. The first year work is as follows: I. a. Parliamentary Practice; October; (I) Elementary Course, followed by examination; ( 2) advanced course, followed by an examination or thesis; this to be open only to not more than twenty students passing the best examination in the elementary course, and not to be a required part of the work. b. Voice Training; November to January, inclusive; exercises in sections of twelve or fifteen, once a week. c. Legal Argumentation and Briefs; November to April, inclusive; once a week at 3 :45 P. M.; not more than twenty lectures on Argumentation, accompanied by individual exercises in Briefwriting, subject to private correction and public criticism by the instructor. d. Oral Forensics; May; the last two weeks before the final examinations; all first year regular lecture courses ceasing, the corresponding hours are to .be occupied by Oral Forensics in each course, held by the Professor in that course, sitting with the instructor in Forensics. A list of numbered debatable propositions drawn from the subjects of the respective courses shall be posted not later than March I. For work done in; parts a (i), b, c, and d, combined, a credit of one term hour is to be allowed. The second year work is as follows : II. · a. Moat Courts. In the second year a Moot Court shall be held every Friday from November I to May I, at I :45 P. M. The second year class shall be divided into two sections, A and B, each section to meet on alternate weeks. The work shall consist of the prevaration and delivery of argum<;nts a.nd oi;>inions of law on �FORENSIC WRITING AND SPEAKING. 13 statements of facts assigned beforehand. All statements of facts shalt be delivered to the counsel in the case by October I. Each Professor shall preside at three cases consecutively. The chief counsel, two on each side, shall hold a conference with the presiding Professor four weeks before the day set for argument at an hour appointed on the Bulletin Board; at this conference, each side shall present (in separate consultation) an outline of the proposed argument, in the form of brief propositions without citation of authorities, and the Professor shall make such criticism and revision as may seem desirable. One week beforehand, counsel on each side shall post on the official bulletin board a copy of their final brief, with citation of authorities in type-writing, or plain handwriting on legal cap paper, and he shall hand another copy to the opposing side. On the day of argument, the Professor· shall preside as judge, with two members of the section as associate judges. Each attorney assigned shall be allowed not more than ten minutes for argument in chief. All the other members of the same section, shall attend, and each member, not assigned as counsel or judge, shall make an argument, not to exceed five minutes, in at least every other case, i. e., at least once every four weeks. The assigned counsel shall then have not more than five minutes each for closing. The instructor of Public Speaking shall then make such criticism as may appear necessary, and the presiding judge shall then do the same, this closing stage to be allotted not more than twenty minutes. An opinion shall be written by the associate judges and filed at the Secretary's office not later than one week after the date of argument. The mark of each member of the section shall be determined by his work as counsel, assigned and unassigned, and as judge. No student shall be recommended for a degree ( except by unanimous vote of the Faculty) who has not satisfactorily done the work of this course; except that persons entering the third year class from another School may by vote be excused from this work b. Public Debate. A student entering the preliminary contests for the Towle Prizes for Public Speaking in April and being selected for the second preliminary and taking part therein, may receive a credit of one term hour. No student shall be eligible for this contest who has not taken the work of /, a, b and c, or the equivalent in another School. The third :J•ear work is as follows : III. a. Legal Advice Cfobs. All third year students are to enter Legal Advice Clubs, formed by voluntary selection on or before October 10, supplemented by assignments to vacancies by the Secretary of the School; each club to contain not less than four nor more than six members, and to elect a Secretary. Difficult cases arising �14 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. in actual practice, sent in for advice for alumni or other practitioners will be submitted to the Clubs in rotation as the cases come in. On 24 hours' notice to the Secretary of the Club, the Club is to meet the Dean or a Professor specially in charge, at 3 :15 P . M., in his office, and to discuss the questions involved; a written opinion, citing authorities, is to be handed the Professor specially in charge within seven days or such other time as may be agreed upon. b. Bureau of fttstice. After December r not more than ten students are to be assigned for practical office and trial work as assistants in the Chicago Bureau of Justice, University Branch, either to the Settlements or Police Courts, as may appear most practicable. The assignments to be made to those who beforehand file their -names with the Secretary of the School, in order of the time of filing and rank of the student in scholarship, but no student having grade C in more than one course to be eligible for assignment. The number of hours of work from each person to be determined by agreement with the Superintendent of the Bureau. (This work is not yet organized for 1905-6.) For work done in part a a credit of one term hour to be allowed to each member of a club; provided that club has furnished not less than eight cases in thE' year. PRESCRIBED COURSE OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, AND JURISPRUDENCE, BEGINNING WITH 1905-6. Course A. (First Year). Introductio11 to Legal History and the Study of the Law. Materials for prescribed reading: (a) Blackstone's Commentaries (any edition) ; Introduction, Sections 1-4; Book I, Chapters 1, 2, S, 9; Book III, Chapters 3, 4, S, 6, 7; Book I, Chapters II, 12 ; Book III, Chapters 17-19, 20-24, 25, 26, 27; Book IV, Chapters 19-24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32; Book II, Chapters 4, S; Book IV, Chapter 33. (b) Woodruff's Introduction to the Study of Law. (c) Wambaugh's Study of Cases. Course B. (Second Year). History of the Bench and Bar. Materials for prescribed reading: (a) Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors (beginning with the life of Lord Hardwicke), and (b) of the following biographies, any one of the English and any two of the American works: Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices (beginning with Lord Holt) ; Arnould's Life of Lord Denman; Autobiography of Lord Campbell; O'Brien's Life of Lord Russell; Life and Letters of Joseph Story; Harvey's Reminiscences (or Lodge's Life) of Daniel Webster ; Brown's Life ( or N eilson's Memories) of Rufus Choate; Memoirs �LEGAL HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY AND JURISPRUDENCE. 15 and Letters of James Kent; Memoirs of S. S. Prentiss; Caton's Bench and Bar of Illinois; Carson's History of the Federal Supreme Court; Magruder's Life of John Marshall. Course BB. (Second Year; Optional). History of the English Legal System. Materials for reading: (a) Pollock and Maitland's History of the English Law, Volume I; and (b) any one of the following works: Pollock and Maitland's History, Volume 2; Stephen's History of the Criminal Law; Selected Essays on Legal History ( as contained in the list on file in the office of the School.) Course C. (Third Year.) r. Jurisprndence. Materials: any one work under each of the following two divisions: (a) Analytical Jurisprudence: Austin's Jurisprudence; Holland's Jurisprudence; Terry's Principles of Anglo-American Law. (b) Historical Jurisprudence: Maine's Ancient Law; Fustel de Coulange's Ancient City; Lee's Historical Jurisprudence. or 2. International Law. Materials as prescribed in the regular course of lectures, International Law I. or 3. Roman Law. Materials: Any one of the following texts: Gaius' Institutes, edited by Foste; Justinian's Institutes, edited and translated by Moyle; Selected Titles from Justinian's Pandects, edited and translated by Kelly (this being the text used in Mr. Kelly's course of lectures given in the school). or 4. History of Germanic Law. Materials: Any one of the following works: Heusler's Institutionen des deutschen Rechts; Brunner's Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte; Brissaud's Manuel d' histoire du droit francais. Regulations for the fo1·egoing work: (I) For graduation, a credit of not less than Grade C, averaged for the whole three courses, must have been obtained in Course A, Course B and Course C, I or 2 or 3 or 4. (2) A credit of one term hour will be given on passing the examination in each one of the above courses of reading, as well as in the optional Course BB. A student may cumulate these credits, by passing in Course BB or Course C, 2, 3, or 4, or all, in addition to the required minimum of three courses prescribed under Rule I, above. (3) An examination will be held at the beginning of the first term of the year and at the end of the second term in all of the courses, and, for Course A, also at the end of the first term, but notice must be filed in the Secretary's Office at least two days before the announced date of examination by each student intending to take it. Students are urged to do the required reading during the siim- �16 BULLETIN OF TH£ LAW SCHOOL. mer vacation, and thus to avoid carrying the work in connection with the regular curriculum. A student failing at any examil'lation may take the next regular examination, if he has reviewed the work. A student may take any of these examinations at any time after entering the School, no matter to what class he belongs. A student entering with advanced standing need not take Course A. (5) A student who, at a college or a Law School, has already obtained credit for work equivalent to Course C, r, 2, 3, or 4, will be given credit for that Course as required in this School; but may also obtain credit by doing the work of any remaining Courses not elsewhere taken. (6) No lectures are given in any of these Courses (except C, 2 and 4, the lecture courses of International Law and Roman Law) ; the work is done by private study. But the courses are under the supervision of the Dean, who will give any desired advice on the subjects of study. (7) The credit in any of the Courses C will count as one of the required ten term hours of the Third Year. (8) Students are recommended to own the books named, if they can afford to purchase them. But the School will provide a sufficient number of duplicate copies of the books named for the prescribed reading. (9) The requirement of the above Courses for graduation applies to students entering the School after Ji.me I, 1905, and to no others. IV. TUITION FEES. The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and five dollars a year, payable in three installments of thirty-five dollars each, October rst, January roth, and March 3rst. A rebate of five dollars is allowed to students who pay the entire tuition in advance on October rst. Special students are charged at the rate of five dollars for each hour of class-room work for a half year. The fee for the course in Patent Law is twenty-five dollars. In addition to the tuition fee, in all cases, a matriculation fee of five dollars is charged, payable once only, upon entering the School, and a rental fee of one dollar per year is charged each student using a locker. The fee for the course in General Review is ten dollars to members or graduates of this school; to all others the fee is fifteen dollars. �REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION . 17 PRIZES. r. The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of $100, and a second prize of $50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the Law School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded to the students who have taken the course in Forensic Writing and Speaking (I a, b, c, and d), and shall, in public competition at the completion of the course, be adjudged most proficient in the work of the course. In 1904-1905 the Towle Prize of $mo was awarded to William Harrison Haight, B. L., of 'the second-year class, and the Towle Prize of $50 to Charles Edward Swanson, A. B., of the first year class. The question debated concerned the constitutional status of executive agreements of arbitration as international treaties. 3. The Callaghan Prize.-A prize of fifty dollars in books, to be selected from their own publications, the gift of Messrs. Callaghan and Company, of Chicago, will be awarded annually to the member of the graduating class having the best record in scholarship for the entire course. In 1904 the Callaghan Prize was awarded to Clayton Jackson Barber, Ph. B., of Springfield. V. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION . Persons applying for admission as regular students must answer the following requirements: Age-They must be not less than eighteen years of age. Preliminary Education-A candidate for a degree must have a preliminary general education equivalent to that of a graduate of a high school. For proof of such education any one of the following instruments will be accepted: A diploma from an accredited high school; a certificate showing admission as a regular student to the college of liberal arts of this university or to any college in good standing; or, a certificate from the principal of a high school or a superintendent of schools showing that the applicant has satisfactorily completed a three years' English course, consisting of Algebra, Geometry, Ancient History, Physiology, Rhetoric, Physics, and Physical Geography, each one year; Bookkeeping and Media::val and Modern History, with special reference to English and American History, one year; English and American Literature, one year; and English Composition, one year. Where proof is offered in the last mentioned form, in case of the omission by the applicant of any one or more of the studies I. 2. ), �18 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. named, except English and American History and Literature, the equivalent of such omitted study or studies, in any science, or in any classical or modern language (Latin being espt,cially recommended), will be accepted in lieu of such omitted study or studies. Where the applicant has not pursued the studies for which the certificate is issued in a school under the supervision of the principal or superintendent issuing sai d certificate, proof must be made on a required blank form, a copy of. which may be had from the Secretary of the Law School. The requirements stated and form of proof are also the academic requirements of th e Supreme Court of Illinois of all applicants for admission to the bar, but students are urged to pursue at least a part of a regular college course before entering the law school. ADVANCED STANDING. The requirements in regard to advanced standing are explained under the title "Degrees." SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons not desiring to be candidates for a degree may pursue one or more courses as special students, provided they are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage. They will receive a certificate of all work done, and they may at · any time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they were substantially qualified under the above requirements at the time of first entering the school. No special student may take more than twenty-five term-hours of work in one year without special permission from the Dean. DEGREES. All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this occasion all candidates for degrees are required to present themselves in person, the Oxford cap and gown being worn as the official dress. I. BACHELOR OF LAWS. The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by the Trustees of the University upon students who are recom- �DEGREES. 19 mended therefor by the Faculty of the S~hool. Such students will be recommended as, in the judgment of the Faculty, are of fit character and have complied with the following requirements: I. Attendance_.:..Regular attendance for three years is required of all students, with the following exceptions: I. Students who have studied law for one year, either in a college or a law school in good standing, may obtain a degree in two years. 2. Students who have satisfactorily completed two years' study in a law school in good standing may obtain a _degree in one year. 3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study in a law school in good standing, and who have also studied law for one year in a college or law school in good standing, may become candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special permission from the Dean. II. All applications for advanced standing must be presented before November 1st of the applicant's year of entrance. III. Registration. Candidates for a degree must register for work amounting to at least ten hours a week for each year: IV. Course of Sti1dy. All candidates for a degree must pass examinations in courses amounting to sixty-six term hours (the equivalent of courses of study of eleven hours a week for three years) ; provided that in reckoning the total number of term-hours required for graduation there must be included at least ten hours of credit obtained in each term of the third year. But persons who have satisfactorily completed a two-years' course of study in a law school in good standing will be excused from one-half of the ex~ aminations above required. Persons who have satisfactorily completed less than two years' study of law in a college or law school in good standing, may be given credit for this work and be excused from these examinations to such extent as shall be determined in each case by the Dean. The specific subjects in which such credit may be given will be determined by the Secretary at the time of admission. Four grades are given for work done. The grades are as follows: A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure. A student may not count a course in which he obtains grade C, except he obtains grade A in another course or courses of equivalent amount; and except that he may count courses in which he obtains grade C to the extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be done by him in this School for graduation. �20 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. II. MASTER'S DEGREE. The Master's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters will be conferred under the following conditions : A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements for the Bachelor's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters are equivalent to the requirements for the same degree at this University, may obtain the Master's degree at the same time with the degree of Bachelor of Laws by pursuing, with the sanction of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, advanced work in subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit in such work to the amount of twelve semester-hours; and by presenting a thesis on an approved topic. The courses of study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal subjects; but courses of legal study, in order to count for the degree, must be (a) of an advanced nature; ( b) not otherwise counted for the degree of Bachelor of Laws; (c) pursued under the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law School. Students in law, intending to become candidates for the Master's degree, must register for the same in the College of Liberal Arts and in the Law School on or before the first Monday in October of the year in which they expect to graduate, and must pay the diploma fee of ten dollars. The Master's degree is open upon the same terms to graduates of the Law School who register before the October next following the completion of their professional course. The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty of Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for the Master's degree: Constitutional Law, International Law, Administrative ·Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS, Six assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually. These receive free tuition in compensation for their services. Applications for appointment should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School. �VI. ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. BY LEVY MAYER, ESQ. An Address Delivered in Booth Hall, Monday, February 6, r905, in the Course on Legal Tactics. PROFESSOR Lours MAY GREELEY (introducing the speaker): It is to be our privi)ege this evening to listen to a discourse upon an important and interesting subject by one who is a master of it. The great corporate enterprises which are the distinct feature of the industrial and business development of today have afforded the lawyer his greatest opportunity for fame - and for fortune. To organize one of these mighty corporations requires legal talent of no ordinary sort. To advise such a corporation successfully in the multitude of perplexing legal situations which surround it, by reason of their varied operations, call for even rarer legal attainments. It has been said by an eminent New York lawyer that the modern corporation lawyer should be first and foremost a man of business, who finds in the directors' meeting, rather than in the courts or arena, his field; and that he need concern himself little with Kent, with Blackstone, or with masters of the general law. Such views as these can hardly be received with enthusiasm by those of us who are engaged in this systematic teaching of the general law. I know not whether Mr. Mayer will agree with Mr. Dill or not; but this I do know, that· Mr. Mayer was well known in this community as a thorough, successful, general practitioner even before he had attained national reputation as an organizer and officer of great corporations . He, therefore, is able, qualified, and capable to talk upon any question of corporations as an expert. I take great pleasure in introducing to you, on behalf of the Faculty of this School, th e speaker of this evening, Mr. Levy Mayer, of the Chicago bar, who will address you on the subject, "Organizing and Advising a Corporation." MR. LEVY MAYER: I have not prepared a set speech, only an informal discourse. I never do. I don't mean to indicate that I either go into court or into the consultation room unprepared; but I shall talk to you tonight as the topics occur to me. I do not know whether it will be fair to you to start out by a discussion of the conundrums and obstacles that lie in the way of the legal formation of the larger corporations. If it be your 21 �22 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. experience as it was mine, the probability will be that the capacity for the formation of larger corporations will not come during the first few years of your professional career. That does not mean, however, that the experience which you will be gaining in the formation and advising of incipient and smaller corporations will not stand you well in hand. Speaking personally, I believe that the experience that I had during the first ten years that I was at the bar in the rough and tumble part of the practice of attachment su\ts and replevin suits, and all the various suits known to a lawyer in his first years, have helped me to formulate certain knowledge of principles, which I believe have been by far the better and more advantageous part of my legal education. In the formation of a corporation, immediately at the threshhold, two or three prominent factors will present themselves. I am assuming now, that the project will be a legitimate, bona fide corporation, laying aside mere schemes and corporate balloons. I shall endeavor to address myself to that part of a corporate existence which occupies the field of legitimate enterprise·; and it does not at all follow, because a corporation is a large one in its aggregate corporate securities, that it is either a fake or a myth. Take as an illustration, we will say, a corporation whose assets are from a million to five millions of dollars. Let us assume that you are now in your own office; that you have either the good or bad fortune to have a committee of men wait upon you to discuss the legal formation of a legitimate corporation, and I assume, of course, that your offices where you will be consulted are here in Chicago, governed by the law of Illinois. Reputable merchants, with successful, industrial enterprises are now in your office conferring with you from the initial point, in reference to the formation of a corporation-not necessarily for public flotation, but a corporation into which can be poured certain individual properties belonging either to individuals as persons, or individuals as distinct corporations. The first question that your client will ask, and which you will necessarily be called upon to answer will be: Where shall this corporation be organized? Now what are the salient features that guide your legal judgment in giving this advice? First and foremost, necessarily first, will be the question of expense. And that i. a matter which you can readily determine by looking at any one of a dozen different publications in which there will be scheduled the amount of the fee to be paid to the particular State for granting the charter, and next; the amount of tax that will be collected of the corporation annually. These are things that you can measure with a tape rule of a hundred cents on the dollar. They are im- �ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. 23 portant only in enabling yon to advise your client what the actual cash outlay will be to complete the formation, and, after its formation, to continue the legal existence of the corporation. Those items are important where the capitalization of the corporation runs into large figures; but, as I have said, these are matters that you can determine merely by the eye, and almost without the use "of the brain, because they are printed and can be found in almost every law office, published in parallel tables, which indicate what the charges are. Your client, of course, will be interested in knowing what the expense of the formation will be, and what the annual tax will be. Those preliminaries once gotten over, you are confronted with propositions for which only years of experience can even furnish the slightest assistance in helping you to arrive at a fairly proper conclusion. The purpose of the corporation, its objects, and the place where it proposes to do business, are extremely important features, whether it is undertaking to acquire the ownership of properties or the ownership of the capital stock of corporations which in turn own the properties. A concrete illustration will serve my purpose. An individual proprietor owning property in New York, in the shape of a manufacturing concern ; another proprietor owning property of a similar character in the state of Pennsylvania; another in Ohio; another in Illinois. I select those states arbitrarily, not becau.se they will create greater or less difficulty than will the laws of any of the other states. Now assume that individual ownership is corporate ownership, That is to say, that the property in New York is owned by an individual, which is a corporation, and so on in Ohio, Pennsylvania and in Illinois. So that the new corporation, which is to be formed, will immediately, when organized, have in hand an enterprise the conducting of whose business will extend into, if not over, four different states. The question will be propounded to you by your client, and by yourself, where shall that corporation be organized? If you organize it in Illinois, you are confroi1ted by the proposition that an Illinois corporation cannot acquire and legally own capital stock of other corporations. In other words, the capital stock of your New York, your Pennsylvania and your Ohio corporations cannot legally be acquired, owned and controlled by your Illinois corporation. Thereupon, you say to your client, this corporation, if we form it in Illinois, cannot own the capital stock of those other companies. You advise your client to acquire in the new company the actual ownership of the properties in the different states. Your client replies that it won't subserve his purpose, that he wants to keep the enterprises distinct and separate entities. They have different names; they have different good-wills �24 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. in their corporate formation ; so he insists that those corporate existing entities shall continue in their individual separate, distinct existence. Then you reply, and you will reply legally, that this corporation cannot be legally formed under the law of Illinois, so as to successfully stand absolutely free from legal attack. Your client ~vill ask, and you will answer, that under the law of this state, this new corporation, if formed here, cannot own stock. Your client will say, and the question arises at once, whether you are going to acquire all of the capital stock of those separate existing distinct companies in those different states. And if your client says all that stock is to be acquired, then your reply will be that such a corporation if organized here, cannot continue, but will be subject to the possible attack by the State officials as represented by the Attorney-General or State's A ttorney. I have known of no instance in my practice where such a corporation has been attacked either by the State or county officials, that is either, the State's Attorney or Attorney-General. I refer now to corporations whose business .is of a private nature. I do not think that in twenty-five years, if ever, in this State, has the Attorney-General or the State's Attorney attacked such a formation. And yet the very fact that now the law opens the door to such an attack, and that such an attack, if made, will probably be · successful, will immediately lead you, as it should lead you, if you are circumspect and conservative, to advise a different domicile, a different locality for the corporation. And that is one of the main reasons, that is probably the leading or principal reason why corporations of the larger character, embracing properties located in different States, seek refuge under the laws of a State where such a course is permissible. Now, I have said only lawyers who are conservative should advise corporations. I say that with very much premeditation. Individuals, like States of the Union, have very great power, practically unlimited power in their rights, except in a few instances where the States are restricted by the National Constitution, and where the individuals are restricted by State laws. Corporations, on the other hand, occupy just the extreme antipodes of that position. They have no power except those which are expressly and necessarily implied. Therefore, in advising an individual, you are entirely free from the necessity of ascertaining or inquiring if the individual is a citizen of the United States, and not an alien. You are entirely free from all occasion, free from all necessity of inquiring what the law permits him to do, because the law permits him to do everything, except in some instances where the criminal code is applicable. But not so with the corporation. Your inquiry into the law as to the corporation must be, what does the law permit �-------------- ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. r r 25 him to do? With the individual the question is, what does the law prohibit him from doing? So that I say the necessity of conservatism an"d care on the part of the lawyer who advises a corporation is much greater than the care that is expected or required of the same lawyer advising individuals with reference to interests of the same _m agnitude. Coming back to the concrete case that I have been talking about. Once being satisfied that your client insists upon keeping the corporate existence of the separate corporation intact, you must inevitably conclude that an absolutely safe forum or domicile will not be the State of Illinois. Then you are confronted with the question, if you cannot organize in Illinois with absolute safety, where will you go? As a lawyer, you will investigate, and you will pick out some State under whose laws corporations can be organized, and by the Legislature are permitted in the express charter entered into for their existence, to hold stock in other companies ( without undertaking in any way, in any remarks that I am about to make to you tonight, to say what State is a preferable State in -which such a corporation should be organized). There are a number of those States whose Jaws are liberal, such as New Jersey, Maine, West Virginia, New York, and several others that may be indicated, as North and South Dakota. Those are unimportant questions in the discussion that I am indulging in, except if your client have in mind the formation of a company for public exploitation. There much depends upon sentiment. People are perhaps more ready to buy securities in a corporation organized under the laws of an older established State, whose laws have become crystallized-at least more so than they probably would be in a corporation organized under the laws of North or South Dakota or Arizona. I am still confining myself to a corporation, which, though comparatively large in its capitalization, is yet a privately-classed company; because when you come to the formation of a company whose purpose is to distribute its stock among the people, whose purpose as a corporation is that its stock is to be listed on the exchanges of the country, other and sometimes far more important questions will come before you for serious consideration. For instance, you have made up your mind that the Illinois corporation laws are not broad enough to permit you, with absolute safety, to form such a company as we are considering; so immediately you go into another State where the laws are sufficiently broad. There you are confronted with the problem, if you organize in New York or New Jersey or elsewhere, and the laws of that State permit one corporation to own stock in other corporations, or certain other corporations, what will you do with Illinois where a substantial part of the �BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. property of this proposed corporation exists? The laws of this State, as I have indicated, are now settled that the corporation cannot own stock under the circums.tances. Then the query- immediately arises, can a corporation of New York acquire capital stock of an ~rganization organized under the laws of the State of Illinois? You no sooner jump from one problem that you think you have answered, than you are confronted with a problem of equal, if not greater, difficulty. You think you have avoided that obstacle created by the Illinois law against holding corporate stock, but you have found a State whose Legislature permits a company to own stock in other corporations. Then you meet with another corporation law of Illinois, which provides that no foreign corporation, doing business in Illinois, has any greater power than a domestic corporation . Bear in mind that a large part of this property of this proposed corporation is located here, and your client insists it is sine qtw non that the property must be taken in. We have gotten away from Illinois, and have gotten into a State where you can form a corporation with express power to hold stock in another corporation, and yet I say you are confronted with the law of Illinois, which says that the corporation cannot do here what the domestic corporation cannot do. Well, what are you going to do about that? The acquisition of the Illinois property is essential to the completion of your clients' project, so it becomes necessary according to that to finally state to your client that in order to be absolutely safe and be able to work successfully with the property in Illinois, they had better abandon the idea of obtaining the capital stock of that corporation. He will therefore probably conclude that the corporation shall become the owner of the property in Illi~ois by absolute deed of conveyance of the property of the Illinois corporation. The foreign corporation, having complied with our laws in buying and filing its charter and paying its license fee, is authorized to do business here, and to make it absolute owner of the property. But you will go one step further, and you will say to your client, 'if you are conservative and cautious, that your client had bettter take the capital stock of this Illinois corporation for the purpose of double security; and the result will be that the seller by disposing of his property to the new company, will, so far as Illinois is concerned, have conveyed by deed the property to the New York or New Jersey corporation; and also all of the capital stock of this Illinois corporation will, by our conservative and cautious lawyer, have been transferred so as to put it outside of the power of the Illinois company, and then no shareholder in the Illinois company can at any time interfere with the consummation or the continuation of the project that you, as a lawyer, have had in hand. '- . I ! �ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. l 27 But you may also meet the proposition, in the formation of this particular corporation that you have in hand, that the owners of all but one share of the capital stock of the Illinois company are very anxious to get into the project, but they have in their midst -the owner of one share, who, for reasons needless to be characterized, but yet being the owner of that share of stock, is entitled to the panoply or the legal protection, which the law gives him, the same as though he owned the larger part of that stock. Bear in mind that in the formation of these larger corporations it is the exception, and not the rule, that there is unanimity among the stockHuman nature is so constituted in the formation of holders. these enterprises, and the reward of success is so great, that occasionally you will find some zealous shareholder, who is not satisfied with the equitable and equal pro rata distribution of the purchase price. Now, if you happened to be in Illinois, and you have been for days and weeks conferring with your clients and never have succeeded in convincing them that they should not take the capital stock, but should take the property, and when you are ready to consummate the deal, you find there is this owner of one or ten shares who says that he objects to the transaction. And if he does, unless you are prepared to carry your project through, boldly but secretly, there is no way known to the lawyer in this State by which such a transaction can be at the present time successfully consummated and protected. In order to avoid the effect of just such a situation, a number of states like New Jersey and Maine and I think New York have recently enacted legislation, which this State needs. By that legislation, in the case of a protesting minority share-holder (and I am assuming now that all of the transaction you have in hand for your clients is utterly bona fide and free from taint of fraud) by that legislation the interest of those protesting minority share-holders can be condemned. That is to say, as in Maine, a meeting is called, thirty days' notice (as I recall it) is given, and if during those thirty days there is no protest against the sale, the sale can be consummated; but if there is a protest, proceedings can be instituted by the corporation in court to have the actual value of the dissenting stock ascertained, and the decree, when satisfied, is precisely like a decree or judgment condemning property under the eminent domain law, with one exception. Under the eminent domain law, the judgment or decree of condemnation simply converts the property to a public use, and when the public use is abandoned it reverts to the original owners; while the stock, when condemned under the laws of the States, as I have indicated, becomes absolutely cancelled and wiped out. But that is only one of the features- �28 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. I was almost tempted to say one of the little features-that will confront you. I am keeping you largely in the domain of Illinois, where I have no doubt all of us are practicing or intend to practice. Now, coming to the formation of this corporation, no matter what State you intend to incorporate in, you are asked to draw up the charter. And let me in passing here say that no matter how versatile your talents may be, no matter how broad your experience, and how acute your knowledge, never, in the case of corporations, the magnitude of whose enterprise justifies the expense, never rely exclusively upon your own opinion as to what the law of another State is. Always, nothwithstanding your investigations, notwithstanding the certainty of your judgment, if the enterprise admits of the expense, I say always, after your work is done, ask the opinion of local counsel upon the work that is local to a foreign State. Now, in the case I have put, you are forming this corporation in Maine, or New Jersey, or New York, you have gotten over the law of Illinois, and the law of those States, which may be similar to Illinois; your client will next ask you, how about my liability in the new company for the stock that is issued? Bear in mind that the corporation that your client is forming is one large company, one central company, into which he proposes to transfer the properties of smaller existing corporations, and, as his lawyer knows and necessarily so, the capitalization of the new company will be somewhat larger than the total capitalization of the formerly existing companies; and the reason is manifest. The existing corporations, one or more of them, may have a surplus, or one or more of them may have a greater surplus than the others or a greater earning capacity than the others; the value of their good-will may exceed that of the value of one or more of the others. So, in the forming of the new companies, those items are put in as assets. I am assuming all the time that you have nothing to do with the business part of the proposition, that is, _with the actual value of the items; with the success or unsuccess of the enterprise, but that you are strictly on the right side of the line drawn between the business end and the legal end. If I may divert a bit here, Jet me by way of suggestion again impress upon you, that when you step over the line which separates the legal department of this enterprise from the business side, so that you yourself ate becoming a factor in the business part, and thus are a partner in the enterprise,-let me again caution you, that when it occurs, if it ever does, that you are associated with your clients in the business transaction, then your client needs another lawyer. Don't forget that. The most embarrassing, the most �ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. 29 serious, and the most offensive difficulties that come into a law office, where questions of this kind arrive for advice or litigation, are the cases where a lawyer is called upon to deal with the transaction in which a brother lawyer has been the legal adviser and the business partner in enterprises or business transactions of the kind I am alluding to. The trait of human nature is not yet strong enough by which the lawyer, who becomes a partner with his client, can under all the circumstances advise that client, who is his partner, with the full faith, sagacity and integrity, if there comes a conflict of business interests, which professional honor and professional ethics require of every lawyer who means to make, or deserves to be, a success. It is a subject which is not infrequently overlooked by most of the lawyers in their earlier associations with corporate enterprises of that character. I don't mean that it happens every time that a complication arises of the character that I have indicated, but such cases are not, I am sorry to say, infrequent. Therefore, in addition to one or two rules, if I may assume to call them rules, rather postulates, if I may assume to suggest those to you, always abstain from being the lawyer upon whom your client relies, if you are connected with him as your partner in the enterprise. But to come back to the point from which I digressed, the issuance of the stock of the corporation to pay for the properties to be acquired by the new corporation. The new capitalization being as I have indicated, probably, and in fact in almost every instance in cases of the value of the physical property, you are confronted with the question, how about making that stock free from the possibility of assessment? As I have said, in West Virginia, New York, Maine and other States (not so in Illinois), the law is that if the board of directors in good faith take the property in payment for the capital stock, then the capital stock is forever thereafter free from attack of creditors or others on the ground of not being paid up. That was one of the reasons, and an important reason, why so many lawyers sought refuge in the States that I have named. It may, however, be somewhat surprising to you when you are told that if you organize in those States, your charter will provide, it must provide, something to protect you when you do business in other , States -if you propose doing business not only in Maine or New Jersey or New York, which is the principal place of your incorporation, but in other States which your charter designates. I shall assume that many of you have seen these charters. They are a sort of an "A B C" now-a-days in almost every lawyer's office, and the printed forms are distributed through the mail. Many of the larger corporations are formed in New Jersey, these charters indicating the place or places, the State or States where the corporation will do business as created. �80 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Now, this is a very sensitive situation. Suppose now that you are forming a corporation in New Jersey, and your charter states that you propose to do business in New Jersey, in New York where a part of the property is located, in Pennsylvania, in Ohio, and in Illinois. The United States Supreme Court has rendered a decision . very recently, which has been a surprise to most of us lawyers, who had believed that when a corporation formed in a particular State, the law of that State measures the liability of its stockholders; in other words, that if under the laws of New Jersey the stock be paid up in the manner I have indicated, then a stockholder is forever free from liability. . But recently the Supreme Court has held that where a corporation is organized in one State for the purpose of doing business in specific other States, then those who become stockholders in such a corporation become liable under the laws of those States specifically named in the charter. The_case is found-well, I am not going to weary you with citations; being from the Federal Supreme Court, it will be undoubtedly followed in most of the States. This decision applied to a Colorado corporation, which was formed under the laws of that State, and in its charter it asked the power to do business in California. But it so happens that under the laws of California the stockholders are liable as partners. This may be news to some of you; but it is the law. Stockholders in California have been for years considered as partners, and the effect of this law is to render them liable to domestic creditors residing in California. Stockholders of a foreign corporation are thus liable to the domestic creditors the same as though they were partners. This particular Colorado corporation did business in California; it became insolvent, and its stockholders were sued by California creditors, and the stockholders were held liable by the United States Supreme Court as partners under the laws of California, notwithstaning the fact that the corporation was organized in Colorado, and notwithstanding the fact that the Colorado statute said that there was absolutely no liability on the part of the stockholders at all. This incident is another indication of the many, many difficulties, some of which are insurmountable with any degree of certainty. Well, suppose you have that propo_sition to solve, so that you will say to your client, if your client' asked you about it, that by going into New Jersey or Maine or New York or West Virginia, they will not escape their liability as stockholders which they have in Illinois under the law of Illinois in cases of insolvency, even though they have the express power to do business in Illinois. As you are probably a.ware, in Illinois, the stockholders are liable even if the stock is issued fully paid up, unless in fact and in good faith �ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. 31 the stock when issued has been paid for in equivalent stock of the par value in money or money's worth or in property taken at a fair market value. That is not the only difficulty that is going to menace you. You will then have before you the question not only of the liability of stockholders, but you will have also the all-important question of the liability of the directors. Are the directors liable in case of the distribution of the assets in the way' of dividends, even though the directors may not be apprised of it? In New York, until last year, the law expressly provided that directors, where dividends are declared and the dividends have not been earned, are liable to the creditors of the corporation, and the corporation itself for the full amount paid up, even though the directors had no knowledge of this payment. In Illinois we have a statute not quite so broad as that, but which still makes the directors liable if they pay dividends the result of which is to diminish the capital stock of the corporation or to render it insolvent. Then you will have other questions-and it is needless, I suppose, to say that you cannot expect me to give you the manner or the different ways of solving the conundrums; I am simply suggesting them, so that you may realize the manifold, the complicated questions, sometimes almost impossible of solution, that will and do confront you. The corporation and its officers will confer as to what its powers are. I have already indicated to you that corporations have powers such as are given to them by their charters, expressly or necessarily implied. But you will frequently have a client, a corporation for instance, who, no matter what course of business you may advise them, nor whatever you may tell them the law is, they will say necessity requires that they shall do certain things. And they will want to know what the consequences will be. The same act done or suffered by the same corporation, if organized under the laws of one State, will be valid, and if organized on the contrary in another State, will be invalid. I refer now to the doctrine of ultra vires. In the United States courts, like the courts of Illinois, it is settled that if a corporation does an act, which it is not authorized to do by its charter-as for instance, if a corporation organized to run a dry goods store should purchase a brewery, and the title for the brewery should be conveyed to it, and the corporation, not paying the purchase price, being sued therefor, it could defend under the contract on the ground that it had no power to purchase that brewery, and could successfully defend; that being the extreme doctrine of ultra vires, as enunciated by our Illinois courts, which in turn have followed the federal courts. On the other hand, if the same question be raised in New York or New Jersey by the same corporation-I am still speaking now of the corporation �82 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. which you are forming-that corporation will be defeated, because the law in New York and New Jersey is that, if a transaction is ultra vires, provided it is not prohibited by law, and is not a crime and not against public policy, after you have received the consideration you are estopped. There is one more question, possibly two, that I shall touch upon, very, very briefly. One is the absolute necessity, if you are in doubt, to give your client, if it be a corporation, the benefit of that doubt. I will continue to abstain from speaking of corporations which are engaged in public or quasi-public enterprises; I am speaking now of private corporations, private enterprises. The contrary belief is pretty generally entertained that lawyers who advise corporations are reckless and bold. The fact is the contrary. By all means, I suggest, be on the side of conservatism, and if there is any doubt, give the corporation the benefit of the doubt. The doubts arise from the tremendous, uncontrolled, and uncontrollable impetus, which Legislatures and the Courts are now giving to the doctrines of checking and circumscribing corporations and corporate enterprises. There is no certain way of knowing in advance, upon a doubtful question like ultra vires, what the courts will eventually do where there has been no final adjudication in the case in which you happen to be advising. Though the belief is entertained that corporation lawyers are bold, reckless, and fearless in advising, my suggestion is, be the reverse. Be conservative, and give the corporation the benefit of the doubt. When you have advised, and the corporation has followed the advice, one suggestion more and that is the question of compensation, which is of course the most essential and salient point, with others as with you. This is most essential to lawyers, at least in the earlier part of their practice, because it is the means by which their sustenance is secured. Ordinarily a corporate enterprise can afford to pay somewhat better, and should be required to pay somewhat more, for the same services as those rendered to an individual. I don't mean by that suggestion that it is the right or the province of a lawyer to be unreasonable or extortionate, but I rather mean to impress upon you that the measure of a lawyer's compensation depends quite a little on the responsibility that he assumes; upon the character of the advice; upon the nature of the enterprise; its magnitude, and a score of other things that enter into the environment. So that it does not at all follow, that because you have given to your corporation client one day's service, that the measure of your compensation should be the same as one day's service rendered to a private individual. Some reasons why it does not follow that they should be equal are as I have indicated. There are other reasons. One is, that a �ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. 38 lawyer's compensation, measured as it should be to a considerable degree by the time and the responsibility, should, to a moderate extent at least, and can fairly, justly, morally, to a moderate extent at least, be measured by the capacity of the client to pay. I do not mean, have in mind, that you should be extortionate or unreasonable; I shall have a word to say about that in conclusion. But I don't mean to say that you cannot, fairly and justly, with every degree of propriety, legally, lawfully, morally, professionally, and otherwise, have your measure of services slightly larger when rendered to a corporation than when rendered to an individual. Now, as to this measure of services. It is, of course, utterly impossible for anybody to lay down by rules of court or statutory enactment what a lawyer's charges should justly be. Let me caution you against a mistake that is not infrequently made, and that is the mistake of overcharging, not only individuals, which is a subject that tonight I am not concerned with, but corporations. It is sometimes assumed by lawyers that a corporation, which has no personal entity, whose expense account falls on no one individual, can be charged with the same degree of irresponsibility and recklessness. It is a mistake. I am dealing, bear in mind, as I stated at the start, with corporations whose purpose is legitimate, whose functions are of a high class, and whose business is genuine and bona fide . Your charges are more carefully scrutinized in the office of the executive committee of such a corporation than they would be in the office of an individual. Bear in mind that I am referring to corporations which are run as such, where the executive committee discharge their duties and are active in the administration of its affairs. I am not alluding ·to corporations of a public of quasi-public character, as I said, which fact should be taken in connection with the suggestion that I am making. These corporations to which I am addressing myself will be circumspect and watchful of your charges, and more so than an _individual, with this disadvantage to the lawyer that if the board of directors, which frequently consist -well, of never less than three in Illinois, and sometimes as high as eleven or more-those eleven know if the charge is unjust or excessive, while in the case of an individual only one will know of it. So that it will be required, as I regard it, that the lawyer, in making the charges, to a corporation of the class I have been alluding to, should be even more cautious, from the standpoint of selfinterest, than he would be if he were dealing with an individual. But at the same time, experience leads me, I think, to the observation, with some justice, too, that you are justified, and your corporation client expects bills for this service, measured by the standard of the individual, somewhat higher-not excessively higher, but �84 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. somewhat higher than the standard which gauges the business you do for the individuals; and particularly so because the corporate business is of a kind, and possesses characteristics which never pertain to professional business done for an individual, because as I have indicated, the rights of the individual, the powers to contract and acquire property, give the lawyer no serious difficulty, raise no legal question here, while the power of the corporation to contract depends on so many complicated and varying circumstances. This phase of the question is that, though the same time be devoted, still a much more responsible degree of service is rendered, and therefore a compensatory compensation justifies, and in fact requires, a somewhat higher standard of charges. The few remarks that I have made will indicate that the functions of a lawyer advising men engaged in the formation and conduct of corporations are altogether different from what they were characterized to be by the gentleman named by the professor who introduced me tonight-the New York lawyer, whom I have the pleasure of knowing well. I am very much indebted to you for your patience in listening to me. �VII. REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. The Alumni Association has been engaged in forming local Bra1iches of the Association in every State and Territory in which there are Alumni of the School, as well as in each judicial district of Illinois outside of Cook County. A Secretary has been appointed in nearly every one of these jurisdictions-some fifty-four in alland with the further perfection of organization a Vice-President will also be selected for each Branch. The object of the formation of these Branches is to promote mutual acquaintance and helpfulness among those alumni who are locally associated in practice. The list of officers selected up to the present date, ,as furnished by Jerome J . Cermak, Esq., General Secretary of the Association (Tribune Building, Chicago), is as follows; , Alabama Vice-President William H . H. Judson, '65, Arizona Frederick S. Nave, '97, Secretary. Bessemer. Tucson. Henry B. Wilkinson, '99, Phoenix. California (Northern) Theodore W . Hubbard, '96, California (Southern) George P. Adams, '87, Colorado A. Lee Doud, Parrott Bldg., San Francisco. Bullard Block, Los Angeles. 71 S Ernest & Cramner Bldg., Denver. Georgia Ebenezer Wakely, '71, Idaho Albert J. Green, '87, Val Dosta. James E. Babb, '84, Moscow. Lewiston. Indiana Thaddeus M. Talcott, Jr., '96, Indian Ter. Harry Campbell, Iowa Robt. L. Welch, '03, Kansas Theodore H. Morrison, '95, South Bend. Sapulpa, I. T. Knoxville. 1604 Fairmont Ave., Wichita. 35 �36 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Vice-President Kentucky Secretary. J. Clyde Nelson, '88, Michigan Henry F. Metzger, '97, Minnesota Sharpsburg. Sault Ste. Marie. Hon. Homer B. Dibell, '90, A. B. Choate, '83, Duluth. 410 Temple Court, Minneapolis. Missouri Jacob A. Harzfeld, '97, Montana Richard A. Harlow, '85, 525 New York Life Bldg., Kansas City. Helena. Nebraska Hon. William J . Bryan, '84Alon zo P. Tarbox, '91, New Eng. Hon. Sewell W. Abbott, '83,William F. Poole, Jr., '93, Lincoln. Wolfborough. Bennett. 185 Franklin St., Boston. Oliver L. Brown, '94, New Jersey 26 Telephone Bldg., Newark. New Mexico John H. Stingle, Andrew M. Adams, '97, New York Hon. E. H. Gary, '67, William F. Myers, '93, N. Carolina James L. Curtis, '93, N. Dakota Edward R. Sinkler, '96, Ohio Joseph D. Kerr, '84, Oklahoma Claud J. Bryant, '01, Oregon Charles H. Glos, '94, Pennsylvanill. Forest G. Moorhead, '01, S. Dakota John F. Whitlock, '82, Texas Edward W. Hander, '94, Utah Robert N. Freeman, '79, Virginia Clare E. Crawford, '97, Washington Howard N. Waterman, 'oo, Albuquerque. New York City. Albuquerque. Amsterdam. Raleigh. Grafton. I Hicksville. Lawton. 218 Chamber of Commerce, Portland. Beaver. Forest City. Waco. Salt Lake City. Elmont. Boston Block, Seattle, �BRANCHES IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. Vice-President Wisconsin Secretary. John K. Fish, '94, Old Insurance Bldg. , Milwaukee. Wyoming Charles F. Mallin, '94, Dist. of Col. Phillip E. Winter, '8:i, Hawaii Carl S. Smith, Japan Abo Shiosuke, '93, l\!Iexico 37 Cheyenne. 8 1 4 "A," South East, Washington. Hilo. '96, Tokyo. Hon. Wm. A. McLaren, 1 A Independencia 36, Mexico City, Mex. Switzerland Joseph S. Kennard, Lausanne, Switzerland. BRANCHES IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. JUD. DlST NO. Secretaries. 2. Aaron J. Gould, 3. Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock, '82, 4. Charles H. Holt, '92, 5. Frank C. Van Sellar, '97, 6. Thomas N. Cofer, '96, 7. John A. Barber, '97, _., 0 8. John D. Gray, '94, 9. Conrad G. Gumbart, '95, IO. Frank S. Fulton, '97, rr. William L. McMahan, '92, 12. Charles B. Campbell, '97, 13. Wellington H. Shay, '94, 14. William J. Sweeney, '95, rs. Solon W. Crowell, '96, r6. William M. Mercer, 'or, 17. John E. Goembel, '<,)I, Address. Bone Gap. Edwardsville. Salem. Paris. Charleston. Farmers' Nat'! Bank Bldg., Springfield. Havana. Macomb. 419 Observatory Bldg., Peoria. Lincoln. 27 Arcade Bldg., Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. 337 Coulter Blk., Aurora. 502 E. State St., Rockford. �88 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. VIII. LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR 1904-1905. THIRD YEAR. Banning, Walker, Bartlett, Josiah Calef, Oak Park. Chicago. Barnes, George Cuyer, Chicago. Bell, Eugene Whiteman, Evanston. Boggs, Richard Lee, Burnham, Frederic, Fairfield. Chicago. Casebeer, Arthur Josiah, Cashel, Thomas Daniel, Coman, Warren Eugene, Rocky Ford, Colo. East St. Louis, Ill. Chicago. Capron, Clyde, Marion. Clark, Robert Burns, Cline, Norris Burt, Combs, Ben, Dewes, Edwin Pierre, Chicago. Appleton City, Mo. Chester, Iowa. Chicago. Dobbin, David Clevland, Eggert, Alfred Robert, Eppstein, Aaron Rudolph, Stronghiwst. Charles City, Iowa. Chicago. Ewen, William R. T., Jr., Fifer, Ernest Reynolds, Chicago. Chicago. Fuller, Edward Markle, Freeark, Frederick Aaron, Chicago. Chicago . French, Howard Preston, Fulton, Louis Reginald, Sutnner. Gibson City. Guenther, Attilia, Goetz, Albert, Hamilton, Elisha Bentley, Chicago. Quincy. Herman, Charles Jacob, Howser, Roy Elrod, Chicago. Indianola, Iowa. King, Robert A., Chicago. Kagy, David Dudley, Austin. A. B., Harvard University. University of Kansas. D. S., Northwestern University. A. B., Yale University. Kansas Normal College. A. B., University of Illinois. A. B., Harvard University. University of Chicago. B. S., Northern Indiana Normal Collei:e. A. B., Harvard University. A. B., Knox College. A. B., Illinois College. Simpson College. LL. B., Northwestern University. B_. A,, Findley Collese. • �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Lewis, Harry Chester, Lighthall, Henry Schuyler, Linker, Myer, Mendota. Chicago. Chicago. Ludolph, Clarence A., Lynde, Cornelius, Rock Island. Chicago. Mackenzie, Rex, Chicaio. Martin, Harry Alvin, Meusel, Oscar Moretz, Moen, Jorgan Andrew, Chicago. Chicago. Cashton, Wis. Muller, Bernard Peter, Rock Elm, Wis. Murdock, Max, Streator. Oldfield, William A., Chicago. Otjen, William John, Osborn, Harold, Sayre, West Toledo, Ohio. Chicago. Ott, John Nash, Chicago. Penhallow, Arthur Lincoln, Chicago. Perrill, George Andrew, Bridgeport, Kas. Pirosh, George Bertram, Pitte, Hugo, Chicago. Chicago. Potter, Delos Demont, Lawton, Okla. Quitman, Walter, Rich, Ernest Paul, Chfrago. Canton, Ohio. Robin son, Charles Henry, Rosenbltm, Harry Moses, Ryden, Otto Gustaf, Chicago. Evanston. Evanston. Sandberg, Edward J., Sadler, Monte Hanauer, Sargent, Jean ;Feni, Sc.hmitt, Felix Harold, Scheiner, Frank Henry, Chicago. Cairo. Hurley. - Shultis, Charles Rooney, Quincy. Stratton, Frank Stephen, Strickland, Amos Aaron, Chicago. Sheller. Lewis Institute. A. B., Williams College. A. B., Princeton University. LL. B., Northern Indiana Law School. LL. B., Northern Indiana Law School. Northwestern University. A. B ., Northwestern Unive!sity. A. B., Williams College. A. B., Amherst College. A. B., Harvard University. B. S., Kansas Wesleyan University. Armour Institute. Kansas College. Newton Normal College. Ph. B., Northwestern University. I Ph. B., Northwestern University. A. B., St. Francis Solanus College. Chicago. Chicago. 39 �40 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Stowe, Herman Wilmer, Ft. Dodg_e, Iowa. W altmire, George, Deshler, Ohio. B. S., Northwestern University. University of Ohio. Ward, Charles Ambrose, St. Joseph, Mich. Webb, Samuel Edwin, Chicago . Wengierski, Julius Francis, Chicago . SECOND YEAR. Adams, Cyrus H., Jr., Chicago. A. B., Princeton University. Alm, Arvid Gothard, Chicago. Anderson, George Fridolf, Atherton, Leslie C., Bell, Ben, Boddy, Robert William, Chicago. Goose Island. Cable, Ill. Chicago. Brothers, William Vincent, Bugee, John Arthur, Burns, William Cullen, Brink, Hal, Chicago. Chicago. Oswego, Kans. Chicago. Buek, Karl Wilhelm, Emden, Germany. Cutting, Robert Myron, Chicago. Carleton, Charles Henry, Chiles, Lewis, Capron, William, Jr., Chicago . Chicago . Marion. Candee, Robert, Evanston. Cohan, Benjamin Edward, Collins, Kenneth Prentice, Colton, Chauncey Corey, Chicago. Chicago. Danvers, Mass. Davis, Warren Marcus, Oakland, Cal. Dickinson, ~rancis Reynolds, Chicago. Engstrom, Ebenezer Washington, Evanston. Eddy, Morton Hoit, Chicago. Finerty, John F., Jr., Finley, George Alvin, Fulk, George, Chicago. Sitgar Grove. Evanston. Gannon, Edward Ronald Chicago. Goldstine, Isaac Oscar, Chicago. B. A., Augustana College. University of Chicago. University of Chicago. King William Gymnasium. A. B., University of Michigan. University of Illinois. A. B., Princeton University. B. S., Dartmouth College. University of California. A. B., Harvard University. A. B., Northwestern University. A. B., Williams College. A. B., De Pauw University. Ph. B., University of Chicago. �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Gunsul, David Harvey, Haight, William Harrison, Aurora. Cambridge, Wis. Herbert, Joseph Ignatius, Hun, Anthony, Chicago. T1Vinnetka. Kersten, Walter George, Kolb, Theodore Augustus, Chicago. Chicago. Krause, Hugo Foster, Chicago. Lucius, Albert Edward, Chicago, Martin, Andrew Aloysius, Mies, Frank Peter, Chicago . Saunemin, Ill. McCord, Downer, Chicago. Milchrist, Frank Thomas, Moore, 'Willis Samuel, Morrison, John Hollenback, McCormick, Robert Rutherford, Chicago . Chicago. Hillsdale, Kans. Chicago. McNeil, Robert Lincoln, New Berlin. Nordhold, Robert J., Romans, Harold Alben, Romans, John Brown, Chicago. Denison, Iowa. Denison, Iowa. Rundall, Charles Owen, Chicago. Secord, Frederick, Smietanka, Alexander Michael, Straus, Ira E., Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Steinbrecher, Paul, Chicago. Thomason, Samuel Emory, Chicago. Vlachos, Andrew John, Chicago. \,Varner, George Raymond, Wilcox, Jesse Franklin, Winston, Garrard Bigelow, Somonai1k. Chicago . Chicago. Winnen, Victor Charles, Wright, Walter Hamilton, Chicago. Perrysburg, Ind. Yates, Robert Mortimer, Ra·msey. B. L., University of Wisconsin. B. A., Harvard University. Concordia College. Ph. B., Milwaukee State Normal School. · A. B., University of Michigan. B. S., Northwestern Unive rsity. A. B., Yale Un iversity. B. A., Yale University. A. B., Illinois College. Northwestern University. Northwestern University. University of Chicago. University of Chicago. A. B., University of Michigan. ... LL. B., University of Greece . A. B., Yale University. Wabash College. 4t �42 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. FIRST YEAR. Allen, Harry Irwin, Huntington, Ind. Allely, George Joseph, Adams, Francis, Jr., Chicago. Chicago. Ballard, Howard Thompson, H anipden, Mass. Beaubien, Alexander Falconer, De Kalb. Bieszki, Henry Albert, Blu, Elmer Francis, Chicago. Milford. Boeger, William Fred, Bogheas, Demetrius, Proviso. Chicago. Bullock, Walter Laughlin, Carmody, Michael Lawrence, Cohen, Lawrence Alfred, Crossman, George William, Cuneo, Walter Eugene, Davenport, Kenneth Howard, Millerton, Kans. Chicago. Chicago. Edwardsville. Chicago. Creston, Iowa. Davidson, Frederick Arthur, Dodge, Malcolm Earl, Dodson, Harry Lee, Dvorak, Henry, Flanders, Fred Chester, Forstall, James Jackson, Bata·via, Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. AHrora. Chicago . Frake, Allen, Chicago. Frantz, Ezra Jacob, Gillson, Charles Burton, Cerro Gordo. Wilmette . Granberg, Oscar Emil, Gregory, Frederick La Rue, Chicago. J acksonvillc. Hansen, Edwin Carsten, Hausser, Arthur H . M., Chicaf!.O . Chicago. Hill, Roy Wilson, Chicago. Hogan, Robert Emmett, Hollett, George, Howison, Hugh Alexander, Chicago . Chicago. Chicaf!.O . Huszagh, Harold, Chicaf!.O . B. S., Northwestern University. A. B., Amhe,·st College. B. A., Amherst College. B. A., Beloit College. Northwestern University Academy. University of Greece. A. B., Northwestern University. B. S., Princeton University. A. B., University of Chicago. S. B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. B. S., Illinois College. Northwestern University. B. S., Rose Polytechnic Institute. A rmour Institute. Lewis Institute. �NAMES OF STUDENTS. Jarrell, James Thomas, Jr., Felton, Del. Judah, Noble B., Jr., Chicago. Kaufman, Saling I., Krusemark, Albert, Larsen, Charles Elias, Lilienstein, Arthur Webster, Lewis, John, Lindskog, Thomas, Marshall, Robert Ferguson, Moerdyke, Nathaniel Perry, Morgan, George Gurnea, Chicago. Frankfort. Chicago. Petersbitrg. Chicago. Chicago. Harvard. Chicago. Wheaton. Murphy, John Cushing, Myers, Earl Lucian, McCaughan, Philip N., MeNeil, Oswell Lawrie, Chicago. Sugar Grove. Chicago. New Berlin. Nash, Albert Henry, Elizabeth. Nichols, George Richmond, Jr., Bozenian, Mont. Rathje, Frank, Renwick, J. Stewart, Ruebtir, Charles Arthur, Rich, Stanley, Chicago. Chicago. Oronoco, Minn. Chicago. Richter, Edward Lewis, Smith, Frank, Chicago. Ransom. Sebastian, Christian Jacob, Chicago. Shaver, Harry Lloyd, Starke, Charles Henry, Strauss, Samuel Arthur, Steven, Hiram Allen, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Wheaton. Stevens, George Marsden, Stevens, Ernest James, Chicago. Chicago. Stevens, Parker Gilbert, Sunderbruch, Jens Frederick, Mazon. Davenport, Iowa. Swanson, Charles Edward, Clearfield, Iowa. Tanigoshi, Katsutaro, T-Vakayania, Japan. Townsend, Barry Eyre, Chicago. A. B., Dickinson College. B. A., Brown University. B. S., Wheat,on College. B. S., Illinois College. Northwestern University. Leland Stanford, Jr., University. B. S., Hobart College. Northwestern University. B. L., St. Mary's College, Belmont, U. C. B. S., Wheaton College. Ph. B., University of Chicago. Cornell University. A. B., Knox College. University of Wisconsin. Princeton University. 43 �44 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Van Ryper, James Reynolds, Whitcomb, Charles Henry, Weeden, J . V., Well es, Harry Norton, Willson, Royal Andrew, Winterbottom, Joseph Erastus, New Carlisle, fod. Albion, Mich . Evanston. Elmwood. Evanston. Jacksonville. Woodbury, Homer Whallon, Woodruff, Silas, Oak Park. Clyde, Kans. A. B., Illinois College. SPECIAL STUDENTS. Asher, \V alter Simpson, Winnetka. Batten, Ralph Ellsworth, Brown, Thomas Baldwin, Burns, "William Cullen, Crumpacker, Shepard J., Chica.go. Chicago. Oswego, Kans. Westville, Ind. Dillard, Jesse Richard, Gibson, I. T. Hart, Merwin Michael, Chicago. Henn, William Eugene, Hyman, Robert William, Jen kins, Bert Jay, Kryda, John Tennymore, Levy, Sylvanus George, Chicago. Chicago . Big Rapids, Mich. Chicago. Chicago. Meek, Marcellus Waltz, Miller, Albert Grant, Moehle, John Lewis, Morris, Frederick Thomas, Jr., McWilliams, Ralph, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Oakleaf, James, Chicago. Remy, Victor Allison, Evanston. Simmons, E. Elliott, Chicago. Simpson, Charles George, Smith, Horace Greeley, Evanston. Evanston. Watkins, Victor Thomas, Webb, Jonathan Edwards, Williamson, Ray Ferris, Chicago . Chicago. Oronoco , Minn. A. B., Northwestern University. B. S., Northwestern University. A. B., Livingstone College. Armour Institute. Ph. B., University of Chicago. A. B., Harva1d University. A. B., University of Michigan. A. B., Harvard University. 'Whitestown Seminary. Northwestern University. �COLLEGE MATRICULATES. Amherst College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Armour Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Augustana College ................... ........ .............. . Beloit College .. .. ... ... . .... ........ . ........ .... ......... . Brown University . ......................... . ........... .... . Concordia College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cornell University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dartmouth College . ..... . .................................. . Dickinson College ........................................... . De Pauw University ........ . .. .. . . ............ ....... .... . . Findley College ... . ......................................... . Harvard University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hobart College ................... . ....... . .. ..... .. ........ . Illinois College Kansas College Kansas Normal College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kansas Wesleyan University ................................ . King William Gymnasium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Knox College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lewis Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Livingstone College .. . ..................................... . . Leland Stanford, Jr., University ................... .... ... . .. . Mass. Institute of Technology ............................. . . Milwaukee State Normal School . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. Newton Normal College ................. .. ................. . Northern Indiana Law School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northern Indiana Normal College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northwestern University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Princeton University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rose Polytechnic Institute ............. . . . . . ................. . Simpson College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . St. Francis Solanus College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . St. Mary's College .. ............ . .. ....... .. ............. ... . University of California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Chicago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3 3 r I 8 5 I r 2 2 I 2 I 20 5 r I I 9 �46 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. University of Greece University of Illinois University of Kansas ..................... . ................. . University of Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . University of Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Williams College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \Vabash College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wheaton College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yale University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whitestown Seminary ...................................... . 2 2 4 r 2 3 r 2 4 Total number of college matriculates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ro7 Total number of colleges represented...... ........ ........ 46 RECAPITULATION. Third year students . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6g Second year students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6o First. .year students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Special students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Total ......................................... . ......... 230 �., IX. ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL ALlJMNI BANQUET, 1905. The annual banquet of the alumni of the Law School will be held Thursday evening, June 8. For the first time in the history of the School this banquet will be given on University premises. The reception prior to the dinner will be held in the rooms of the Law School (third floor, Northwestern University Building, Chicago), and dinner will be served in the assembly room on the second floor. Among the well known alumni who have been invited and some of whom have already signified their intention of being present are Governor Charles S. Deneen, Congressmen George E. Foss, Henry S. Boutell, James R. Mann, Hon. William J. Bryan, Judges Willard M. McEwen, Benjamin R. Burroughs, \Villiam M. Farmer, Frederick A . Smith, Richard W. Clifford, Harry Higbee, George A. Dupuy, Hon. Frank 0 . Lowden, Hon. Robert E. Pendarvis, and Corporation Counsel Edgar B. Tolman. Reservations for seats should be made early through the Secretary of the Alumni Association, Jerome J . Cermak, Tribune Building, Chicago. -17 �THE Y;OUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. The Young Men's Christian Association of Chicago has established a branch which carries on work in the three Schools in the University Building. In addition to its religious work, the Association is of service to the students in many ways. In the pleasant rooms, placed at its disposal by the University, the Association maintains a very popular social center with a well selected list of reading material, several games and a piano. T)iroughout the year the list of rooms and boarding places is kept for the use of students in settling in the city. All students are invited to make the Association rooms their headquarters during the year. As far as possible new students will be met at the train by an Association man wearing a badge. Those desiring to be so met will please write a few days in advance to Mr. Paul C. Foster, care of Y. M. C. A., Northwestern University Building, Chicago, indicating clearly on what train they are to reach Chicago, and over what road they are to come. 4-8 �DIRECTORY The special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows : COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 242I Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAW SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF Music, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, o;;arga, Ill., REv. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REv. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D., President. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REv. NELS E. SIMONSEN, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REV. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CuMNOCK, L. H . D., Director, Evanston, Ill.. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series IV, Number 1 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1905 May-July Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 May-July Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Evanston Chicago University Faculty QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES IV MAY JULY . PAGE. . Calendar Advising Corporation Levy MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright Northwestern University. Entered Post Chicago Ill. Second . . CALENDAR OF SESSION . . J Registration Day New Students. Registration Day Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close Christmas Recess . Christmas Recess Ends Lectures Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Founder' Day. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. Lincoln' Birthday. Washington' Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. Memorial Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS II. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR .* THOMAS FRANKLIN HOLGATE Ph. D. A President University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE ( A. M. LL. B. Harvard University) Professor Law Dean Faculty. HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD (LL. D. Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor Law. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE (A. M. Yale U LL. B. H Uni ) Associate Professor . . ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A. B. LL. B. Harvard U ) Associate Professor . . SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor . Procedure Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern ) A Proft Law Crimes Crimi Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A. B. Amherst College LL. B. Northwestern University) Associate Professor Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A. M. LL. B. Harvard University) Professor Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A. B. Harvard University) Professor Law Conveyancing Mortgages Carriers Commercial Paper. LEVI HARPER FULLER (B. S. Upper Iowa University LL. B. Iowa State University) Professor Law Procedure Practice. * Arranged President Dean . . REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD (A. M. Dickinson College LL. M. Cornell University) Professor Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Patents. MITCHELL DA VIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Procedure Practice. Lecturer Legal Ethics. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B. Northwestern University) Assistant Professor Law Extraordinary Legal Remedies Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL (B. S. Wabash College LL. B. Northwestern University) Assistant Professor Law Insurance. LOUIS LEE DENT (A. B. Harvard University) Lecturer General Practice EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM (A. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer Voice Training Forensics. HENRY LEE PRESCOTT (A. B. LL. B. Harvard U ) Lecturer Forensics. JOSEPH THOMAS ROBERT Lecfitrer Parliamentary Law. CHARLES ERNEST PICKARD (A. B. University Wisconsin) Lecturer Trade Mark Copyright. CHARLES YOE FREEMAN (A. B. Princeton University LL. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer Corporation Practice. HERBERT JACOB FRIEDMAN (A. B. LL. B. Harvard University) Lecturer Liens. DWIGHT ST. JOHN BOBB (A. B. Northwestern University A. M. LL. B. Harvard University) Lecturer Public Service Corporations. JOSEPH IGNATIUS KELLY (A. M. Ph. D. Fordham College England C. E. Pennsylvania Military College LL. B. Chicago College Law) Lecturer Roman Law. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B. Northwestern University) Secretary Law School Faculty. III. REVISED LIST OF COURSES FOR . FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM. Con Three . Keener' Cases Contracts. Professor WooDWARD. Torts Three . Ames' Smith' Cases Torts. Professor WIG.MORE. Property (!) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. II. ( Personal .) Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading Procedure Two . Ames' Cases Pleading Andrews' Stephen Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes Criminal Procedure Two . Beale' Cases Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM. Contracts ( ) Three . Professor WOODWARD. Torts ( ) Two ) . Professor WIG.MORE. Property ( ) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Common Law Pleading Procedure ( ) One . Lectures . Professor ADAMS. Master Servant Tort One . Wambaugh' Cases Agency. Professor WIG.MORE. Danrnges One . Beale' Cases Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence Two . Thayer' Cases Evidence . Professor WIG.MORE. Trusts Three . Ames' Cases Trusts. Professor WOODWARD. Agency Two . Wambaugh' Cases Agency. Professor LITTLE. ( REVISED LIST OF COURSES. Commercial Paper Three . Notes. Ames' ( Bills Professor GREELEY. Eqiiity Jurisdiction Three Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ([!) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. III IV. (Acquisition . .) Professor KALES. Persons (Domestic Relations} Two . Smith' Cases Persons. Professor KALES. SECOND TERM. Evidence ( ) Two . Professor W GMORE. Property (II) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction ( ) Three . Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi Contracts Three Keener' Cases Quasi. Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. [Given .] Sales Personalty Three . Williston' Cases . Sales. Professor WOODWARD. [Given .] Insurance (Fire Life) Two . Wambaugh' Cases Insurance. Professor HALL. Equity Pleading Procedure Two . Equity Pleading . Professor ADAMS. Public Service Corporations (Railroad Telegraph .Gas \!\Tater \ \Tarehouse Services) One . Beale' Wyman' Cases Public Service Corporations. Mr. BOBB. Liens One . Selected . Mr. FRIEDMAN. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM . Corporations Two . Smith' Cases Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure . Practice Illinois Two . Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law ([} Two . Scott' Cases International Law. Professor HYDE. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. International Law ( ) American Treaties Diplomacy . Two . Professor HYDE. Suretyship Two . Ames' Cases Suretyship. Professor LITTLE. Judgments Auxiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments Garnishment Execution .) One . Rood' Cases Attachments Judgments. Professor ELDER. Constitutional Law Three . Thayer' Cases Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (Ill) Two Gray' Cases Property Vols. V VI. (Conditional .) Professor KALES. Conveyancing One Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Conflict Laws Three . Beale' Cases Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. Code Pleading Procedu. One . Cases Code Pleading. Professor WooDWARD. Roman Law One . Justinian' Pandects. Kelly' Select Titles Mr. KELLY. Practice Court Two . Causes . Professor FULLER. *Patents Invention ([) General Survey. Five . Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II III ( ) Patent Soliciting. Twenty . (/ ) Patent Law Practice. Forty . *These . . . REVISED UST OF COURSES. SECOND TERM. Corporations ( ) Twc . Professor LITTLE. Corporation Practice One . Practical Exercises . Mr. FREEMAN. Bankruptcy Two . Williston' Cases Bankruptcy. Professor WooDWARD. Constitutional Law ( ) Two . Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers Three . McClain' Cases Carriers Beale' Cases Carriers. Professor GREELEY. Conveyancing ( ) One . Professor GREELEY. Mortgages Two . Kirchwey' Cases Mortgages . Professor GREELEY. Public Officers One . Professor SCHOFIELD. [Given .] Practice Court ( ) Two . Professor FULLER. Property (III) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Municipal G One . Smith' Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor SCHOFIELD. Partnership Two . Ames' Cases Partnership. Professor LITTLE. Extraordinary Legal Remedies (Mandamus Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus .) One . Eider' Cases Extraordinary Legal Remedies. Professor ELDER. Jurisdiction Federal Courts One . Professor SCHOFIELD. . ( Constitutional Law Patents Invention) Conveyancing Property III Property II. . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks Copyrights Six . MR. PICKARD. General Review Five State Bar. MR. DENT. Legal Ethics Five . Professor FOLLANSBEE. SCHEDULE OF HOURS. ' ' ' . Practice Court . SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. . . Pleadings Instruments Common Law Pleading Code Pleading Equity Pleading . Corporations . Commercial Paper Carriers Insurance . . . Conveyancing . A ' States. Thorough . No . Property II. LEGAL WRITING SPEAKING AND PRACTICE. . Practice Court Procedure Practice . Practice Court . Court' . During . · . While . A . . A Rules Practice Court . . Legal Tactics Bar · . Bar r r . . Thesis Faculty . Any Faculty . . r . . . Legal Forensics Revised Regulations . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Public Speaking Moot Courts . · . Persons · . Forensic Writing Speaking. Forensics Lectures Exercises Moot Court Public Debate Practical Legal Advice. First . . . Parliamentary Practice ( ) Elementary Course ( ) . . Voice Training . . Legal Argumentation Briefs P. M. Argumentation Briefwriting . . Oral Forensics . Oral Forensics Professor Forensics. A . ( ) . II. · . Moat Courts. Moot Court P. M. A B . < . > FORENSIC WRITING AND SPEAKING. . All . Each Professor . Professor Bulletin Board ( ) Professor . One . On Professor· . Each . All . . . . Public Speaking . An Secretary' . . No ( Faculty) School . Public Debate. A Towle Prizes Public Speaking . No / School. J• III. . Legal Advice Cfobs. All Legal Advice Clubs Secretary School Secretary. Difficult BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Clubs . On ' Secretary Club Club Dean Professor P . M. Professor . . Bureau . After Chicago Bureau Justice University Branch Settlements Police Courts . Secretary School C . Superintendent Bureau. ( .) thE' . PRESCRIBED COURSE OF READING IN LEGAL HISTORY BIOGRAPHY AND JURISPRUDENCE BEGINNING WITH . Course A. (First Year). Introductio Legal History Study Law. Materials ( ) Blackstone' Commentaries ( ) Introduction Sections Book Chapters S Book III Chapters S Book Chapters II Book III Chapters Book IV Chapters Book II Chapters S Book IV Chapter . ( ) Woodruff' Introduction Study Law. ( ) Wambaugh' Study Cases. Course B. (Second Year). History Bench Bar. Materials ( ) Campbell' Lives Chancellors ( Lord Hardwicke) ( ) English American Campbell' Lives Chief Justices ( Lord Holt) Arnould' Life Lord Denman Autobiography Lord Campbell O'Brien' Life Lord Russell Life Letters Joseph Story Harvey' Reminiscences ( Lodge' Life) Daniel Webster Brown' Life ( N ' Memories) Rufus Choate Memoirs LEGAL HISTORY BIOGRAPHY AND JURISPRUDENCE. Letters James Kent Memoirs S. S. Prentiss Caton' Bench Bar Illinois Carson' History Federal Supreme Court Magruder' Life John Marshall. Course BB. (Second Year Optional). History English Legal System. Materials ( ) Pollock Maitland' History English Law Volume ( ) Pollock Maitland' History Volume Stephen' History Criminal Law Selected Essays Legal History ( School.) Course C. (Third Year.) . Jurisprndence. Materials ( ) Analytical Jurisprudence Austin' Jurisprudence Holland' Jurisprudence Terry' Principles Anglo American Law. ( ) Historical Jurisprudence Maine' Ancient Law Fustel Coulange' Ancient City Lee' Historical Jurisprudence. . International Law. Materials International Law . . Roman Law. Materials Any Gaius' Institutes Foste Justinian' Institutes Moyle Selected Titles Justinian' Pandects Kelly ( Mr. Kelly' ). . History Germanic Law. Materials Any Heusler' Institutionen Rechts Brunner' Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte Brissaud' Manuel ' . Regulations fo · ( ) Grade C Course A Course B Course C . ( ) A Course BB. A Course BB Course C Rule . ( ) An Course A Secretary' Office . Students siim BULLETIN OF TH£ LAW SCHOOL. . A ' . A School . A Course A. ( ) A Law School Course C Course School Courses . ( ) No Courses ( C International Law Roman Law) . Dean . ( ) Courses C Third Year. ( ) Students . School . ( ) Courses School Ji. . IV. TUITION FEES. . A . Special . Patent Law . School . General Review . REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION . PRIZES. . Towle Prizes. A $ $ Henry Sargent Towle Esq. Chairman Law School Committee Board Trustees Forensic Writing Speaking ( ) . Towle Prize $ William Harrison Haight B. L. ' Towle Prize $ Charles Edward Swanson A. B. . . . Callaghan Prize. A Messrs. Callaghan Company Chicago . Callaghan Prize Clayton Jackson Barber Ph. B. Springfield. V. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION . Persons . Age They . . Preliminary Education A . A ' English Algebra Geometry Ancient History Physiology Rhetoric Physics Physical Geography Bookkeeping Media Modern History English American History English American Literature English Composition . Where ) BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. English American History Literature (Latin ) . Where . Secretary Law School. Supreme Court Illinois . ADVANCED STANDING. "Degrees." SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons . They · . No Dean. DEGREES. All University Commencement. On Oxford . . BACHELOR OF LAWS. Bachelor Laws Trustees University recomDEGREES. Faculty S . Such Faculty . Attendance . ..Regular . Students . . Students ' . . Students ' Dean. II. All ' . III. Registration. Candidates IV. Course Sti . All ( ) . ' . Persons ' Dean. Secretary . Four . A B C D . A C A C School . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. II. MASTER'S DEGREE. Master' Arts Philosophy Science Letters A College Liberal Arts University Bachelor' Arts Philosophy Science Letters University Master' Bachelor Laws Faculty Liberal Arts Faculty . ( ) ( ) Bachelor Laws ( ) Faculty Law School. Students Master' College Liberal Arts Law School . Master' Law School . Faculty Liberal Arts Master' Constitutional Law International Law Administrative ·Law Roman Law Jurisprudence Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS Six . These . Applications Secretary Law School. VI. ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. BY LEVY MAYER ESQ. An Address Delivered Booth Hall r Course Legal Tactics. PROFESSOR Lours MAY GREELEY ( ) ) . . To . To . New York ' Kent Blackstone . Such . Mr. Mr. Dill · Mr. . He . Faculty School Mr. Levy Chicago "Organizing Advising Corporation." MR. LEVY MAYER . . ' . . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . . Speaking \ . . . · . Take . Let Chicago Illinois. Reputable . Where ? Now ? First . And . State . These . They imORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. . Those " . Your . Those . . A . An New York Pennsylvania Ohio Illinois. . . Now New York Ohio Pennsylvania Illinois. So . ? Illinois confroi Illinois . New York Pennsylvania Ohio Illinois . Thereupon Illinois . . Your ' . They BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Illinois . Your . Your . And State Attorney General State' A . State State' Attorney Attorney General. . . State Attorney General State' Attorney . And · . And States State . Now . . Individuals States Union States National Constitution State . Corporations . They . Therefore United States . . . Your ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. ? With ? So " . Coming . Once State Illinois. Illinois ? State Legislature ( State State ). There States Jaws New Jersey Maine West Virginia New York North South Dakota. Those . There . People State North South Dakota Arizona. . Illinois State . There New York New Jersey State Illinois BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. ? State . . New York State Illinois? . Illinois State Legislature . Illinois Illinois . Bear . We Illinois State Illinois . Well ? Illinois ' Illinois . He Illi Illinois . . ' Illinois Illinois New York New Jersey Illinois Illinois Illinois . ' . ! ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. Illinois . Bear . Human . Now Illinois . And State . New Jersey Maine New York State . By ( ) . Maine ' ( ) . Under States . features BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Illinois . Now State . And State . Always State. Now Maine New Jersey New York Illinois States Illinois ? Bear . . So . . Jet . Don' . ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. . . . ' . Therefore . . ? West Virginia New York Maine States ( Illinois) . States . States States Maine New Jersey New York States . . They "A B C" ' . Many New Jersey State States . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Now . Suppose New Jersey New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Ohio Illinois. United States Supreme Court . State State New Jersey . . Supreme Court State States States . The Federal Supreme Court States. Colorado State California. California . . Stockholders California California. Stockholders . Colorado California California United States Supreme Court California Colorado Colorado . . Well propo ' New Jersey Maine New York West Virginia Illinois Illinois Illinois. . Illinois ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. ' . . . Are ' ? New York . Illinois . . . . . And . State State . . United States Illinois Illinois . On New York New Jersey BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. New York New Jersey . There . One . . . . By . Legislatures Courts . There . Though . Be . . . Ordinarily . ' ' . So ' ' . Some . There . One ORGANIZING AND ADVISING A CORPORATION. ' . . ' . Now . ' . Let . . . . Your . Bear . · . These Illinois . So . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . . New York . . VII. REVISED LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. Alumni Association Bra Association State Territory Alumni School Illinois Cook County. A Secretary Vice President Branch. Branches . Jerome J . Cermak Esq. General Secretary Association (Tribune Building Chicago) Alabama Vice President William H . H. Judson ' Secretary. Bessemer. Arizona Frederick S. Nave ' Henry B. Wilkinson ' Tucson. Phoenix. California (Northern) California (Southern) Colorado Georgia Idaho Ebenezer Wakely ' Val Dosta. Indiana Indian Ter. Iowa Kansas Albert J. Green ' Moscow. Theodore W . Hubbard ' Parrott Bldg. San Francisco. George P. Adams ' Bullard Block Los Angeles. A. Lee Doud S Ernest & Cramner Bldg. Denver. James E. Babb ' Lewiston. Thaddeus M. Talcott Jr. ' South Bend. Harry Campbell Sapulpa . T. Robt. L. Welch ' Knoxville. Theodore H. Morrison ' Fairmont Ave. Wichita. Kentucky Michigan Minnesota Missouri Montana Nebraska New Eng. New Jersey BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Vice President Secretary. J. Clyde Nelson ' Sharpsburg. Henry F. Metzger ' Sault Ste. Marie. Hon. Homer B. Dibell ' A. B. Choate ' Duluth. Temple Court Minneapolis. Jacob A. Harzfeld ' New York Life Bldg. Kansas City. Richard A. Harlow ' Helena. Hon. William J . Bryan ' Alonzo P. Tarbox ' Lincoln. Bennett. Hon. Sewell W. Abbott ' William F. Poole Jr. ' Wolfborough. Franklin St. Boston. Oliver L. Brown ' Telephone Bldg. Newark. New Mexico John H. Stingle Albuquerque. Andrew M. Adams ' Albuquerque. New York Hon. E. H. Gary ' N. Carolina N. Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvanill. S. Dakota Texas Utah Virginia Washington New York City. William F. Myers ' Amsterdam. James L. Curtis ' Raleigh. Edward R. Sinkler ' Grafton. Joseph D. Kerr ' Hicksville. Claud J. Bryant ' Lawton. Charles H. Glos ' Chamber Commerce Portland. Forest G. Moorhead ' Beaver. John F. Whitlock ' Forest City. Edward W. Hander ' Waco. Robert N. Freeman ' Salt Lake City. Clare E. Crawford ' Elmont. Howard N. Waterman ' Boston Block Seattle . BRANCHES IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. Wisconsin Wyoming Dist. Col. Hawaii Japan \!Iexico Switzerland Vice President Hon. Wm. A. McLaren A Independencia Mexico City Mex. Secretary. John K. Fish ' Old Insurance Bldg. Milwaukee. Charles F. Mallin ' Cheyenne. Phillip E. Winter ' "A " South East Washington. Carl S. Smith ' Hilo. Abo Shiosuke ' Tokyo. Joseph S. Kennard Lausanne Switzerland. BRANCHES IN JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN ILLINOIS. JUD. DlST Secretaries. NO. . Aaron J. Gould . Hon. Wilbur M. Warnock ' . Charles H. Holt ' . Frank C. Van Sellar ' . Thomas N. Cofer ' . John A. Barber ' . John D. Gray ' . Conrad G. Gumbart ' IO. Frank S. Fulton ' . William L. McMahan ' . Charles B. Campbell ' . Wellington H. Shay ' . William J. Sweeney ' . Solon W. Crowell ' r . William M. Mercer ' . John E. Goembel '< ) Address. Bone Gap. Edwardsville. Salem. Paris. Charleston. Farmers' Nat'! Bank Bldg. Springfield. Havana. Macomb. Observatory Bldg. Peoria. Lincoln. Arcade Bldg. Kankakee. Streator. Rock Island. Oregon. Coulter Blk. Aurora. E. State St. Rockford. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. VIII. LIST OF STUDENTS ENROLLED DURING THE YEAR . THIRD YEAR. Banning Walker Bartlett Josiah Calef A. B. Harvard University. Barnes George Cuyer University Kansas. Bell Eugene Whiteman D. S. Northwestern University. Boggs Richard Lee Burnham Frederic A. B. Yale University. Casebeer Arthur Josiah Cashel Thomas Daniel Coman Warren Eugene Kansas Normal College. Capron Clyde A. B. University Illinois. Clark Robert Burns Cline Norris Burt Combs Ben Dewes Edwin Pierre A. B. Harvard University. Dobbin David Clevland Eggert Alfred Robert Eppstein Aaron Rudolph University Chicago. Ewen William R. T. Jr. Fifer Ernest Reynolds B. S. Northern Indiana Fuller Edward Markle Freeark Frederick Aaron Normal Collei . A. B. Harvard University. French Howard Preston Fulton Louis Reginald A. B. Knox College. Guenther Attilia Goetz Albert Hamilton Elisha Bentley A. B. Illinois College. Herman Charles Jacob Howser Roy Elrod Simpson College. King Robert A. LL. B. Northwestern University. Kagy David Dudley B . A Findley Collese. Oak Park. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston. Fairfield. Chicago. Rocky Ford Colo. East St. Louis Ill. Chicago. Marion. Chicago. Appleton City Chester Iowa. Chicago. Mo. Stronghiwst. Charles City Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Sutnner. Gibson City. Chicago. Quincy. Chicago. Indianola Iowa. Chicago. Austin. • NAMES OF STUDENTS. Lewis Harry Chester Lighthall Henry Schuyler Linker Myer Lewis Institute. Ludolph Clarence A. Lynde Cornelius A. B. Williams College. Mackenzie Rex A. B. Princeton University. Martin Harry Alvin Meusel Oscar Moretz Moen Jorgan Andrew LL. B. Northern Indiana Law School. Muller Bernard Peter LL. B. Northern Indiana Law School. Murdock Max Northwestern University. Oldfield William A. A. B. Northwestern Unive! . Otjen William John Osborn Harold Sayre A. B. Williams College. Ott John Nash A. B. Amherst College. Penhallow Arthur Lincoln A. B. Harvard University. Perrill George Andrew B. S. Kansas Wesleyan University. Pirosh George Bertram Pitte Hugo Armour Institute. Potter Delos Demont Kansas College. Quitman Walter Rich Ernest Paul Newton Normal College. Robinson Charles Henry Rosenbltm Harry Moses Ryden Otto Gustaf Ph. B. Northwestern University. Sandberg Edward J. Sadler Monte Hanauer Sargent Jean Feni Sc. Felix Harold Scheiner Frank Henry Ph. B. Northwestern University. Shultis Charles Rooney A. B. St. Francis Solanus College. Stratton Frank Stephen Strickland Amos Aaron Mendota. Chicago. Chicago. Rock Island. Chicago. Chicaio. Chicago. Chicago. Cashton Wis. Rock Elm Wis. Streator. Chicago. West Toledo Ohio. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Bridgeport Kas. Chicago. Chicago. Lawton Okla. Chfrago. Canton Ohio. Chicago. Evanston. Evanston. Chicago. Cairo. Hurley. Chicago. Chicago. Quincy. Chicago. Sheller. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Stowe Herman Wilmer B. S. Northwestern University. Ft. Dodg Iowa. W George University Ohio. Deshler Ohio. Ward Charles Ambrose St. Joseph Mich. Webb Samuel Edwin Chicago. Wengierski Julius Francis Chicago. SECOND YEAR. Adams Cyrus H. Jr. A. B. Princeton University. Alm Arvid Gothard B. A. College. Anderson George Fridolf Atherton Leslie C. Bell Ben Boddy Robert William University Chicago. Brothers William Vincent Bugee John Arthur Burns William Cullen Brink Hal University Chicago. Buek Karl Wilhelm King William Gymnasium. Cutting Robert Myron A. B. University Michigan. Carleton Charles Henry Chiles Lewis Capron William Jr. University Illinois. Candee Robert A. B. Princeton University. Cohan Benjamin Edward Collins Kenneth Prentice Colton Chauncey Corey B. S. Dartmouth College. Davis Warren Marcus University California. Dickinson Reynolds A. B. Harvard University. Engstrom Ebenezer Washington A. B. Northwestern University. Eddy Morton Hoit A. B. Williams College. Finerty John F. Jr. Finley George Alvin Fulk George A. B. De Pauw University. Gannon Edward Ronald Ph. B. University Chicago. Goldstine Isaac Oscar Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Goose Island. Cable Ill. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Oswego Kans. Chicago. Emden Germany. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Marion. Evanston. Chicago. Chicago. Danvers Mass. Oakland Cal. Chicago. Evanston. Chicago. Chicago. Sitgar Grove. Evanston. Chicago. Chicago. ... NAMES OF STUDENTS. Gunsul David Harvey Haight William Harrison B. L. University Wisconsin. Herbert Joseph Ignatius Hun Anthony B. A. Harvard University. Kersten Walter George Kolb Theodore Concordia College. Krause Hugo Foster Ph. B. Milwaukee State Normal School. · Lucius Albert Edward A. B. University Michigan. Martin Andrew Aloysius Mies Frank Peter B. S. Northwestern University. McCord Downer A. B. Yale Un . Milchrist Frank Thomas Moore 'Willis Samuel Morrison John Hollenback McCormick Robert Rutherford B. A. Yale University. McNeil Robert Lincoln A. B. Illinois College. Nordhold Robert J. Romans Harold Alben Romans John Brown Northwestern University. Rundall Charles Owen Northwestern University. Secord Frederick Smietanka Alexander Michael Straus Ira E. University Chicago. Steinbrecher Paul University Chicago. Thomason Samuel Emory A. B. University Michigan. Vlachos Andrew John LL. B. University Greece . \ Varner George Raymond Wilcox Jesse Franklin Winston Garrard Bigelow A. B. Yale University. Winnen Victor Charles Wright Walter Hamilton Wabash College. Yates Robert Mortimer Aurora. Cambridge Wis. Chicago. T Vinnetka. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago Chicago . Saunemin Ill. Chicago. Chicago . Chicago. Hillsdale Kans. Chicago. New Berlin. Chicago. Denison Iowa. Denison Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Somonai . Chicago . Chicago. Chicago. Perrysburg Ind. Ra· . BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. FIRST YEAR. Allen Harry Irwin B. S. Northwestern University. Allely George Joseph Adams Francis Jr. A. B. Amhe · College. Ballard Howard Thompson B. A. Amherst College. Beaubien Alexander Falconer B. A. Beloit College. Bieszki Henry Albert Blu Elmer Francis Northwestern University Academy. Boeger William Fred Bogheas Demetrius University Greece. Bullock Walter Laughlin Carmody Michael Lawrence Cohen Lawrence Alfred Crossman George William Cuneo Walter Eugene Davenport Kenneth Howard A. B. Northwestern University. Davidson Frederick Arthur Dodge Malcolm Earl Dodson Harry Lee Dvorak Henry Flanders Fred Chester Forstall James Jackson B. S. Princeton University. Frake Allen A. B. University Chicago. Frantz Ezra Jacob Gillson Charles Burton S. B. Massachusetts Institute Granberg Oscar Emil Gregory Frederick La Rue B. S. Illinois College. Hansen Edwin Carsten Hausser Arthur H . M. Northwestern University. Hill Roy Wilson B. S. Rose Polytechnic Institute. Hogan Robert Emmett Hollett George Howison Hugh Alexander A Institute. Huszagh Harold Lewis Institute. Huntington Ind. Chicago. Chicago. H Mass. De Kalb. Chicago. Milford. Proviso. Chicago. Millerton Kans. Chicago. Chicago. Edwardsville. Chicago. Creston Iowa. Bata· Iowa. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. AHrora. Chicago . Chicago. Cerro Gordo. Wilmette. Technology. Chicago. J . Chicaf!.O . Chicago. Chicago. Chicago . Chicago. Chicaf!.O . Chicaf!.O . NAMES OF STUDENTS. Jarrell James Thomas Jr. A. B. Dickinson College. Judah Noble B. Jr. B. A. Brown University. Kaufman Saling . Krusemark Albert Larsen Charles Elias Lilienstein Arthur Webster Lewis John Lindskog Thomas Marshall Robert Ferguson Moerdyke Nathaniel Perry Morgan George Gurnea B. S. Wheat College. Murphy John Cushing Myers Earl Lucian McCaughan Philip N. MeNeil Oswell Lawrie B. S. Illinois College. Nash Albert Henry Northwestern University. Nichols George Richmond Jr. Leland Stanford Jr. University. Rathje Frank Renwick J. Stewart Ruebtir Charles Arthur Rich Stanley B. S. Hobart College. Richter Edward Lewis Smith Frank Northwestern University. Sebastian Christian Jacob B. L. St. Mary' College Belmont U. C. Shaver Harry Lloyd Starke Charles Henry Strauss Samuel Arthur Steven Hiram Allen B. S. Wheaton College. Stevens George Marsden Stevens Ernest James Ph. B. University Chicago. Stevens Parker Gilbert Sunderbruch Jens Frederick Cornell University. Swanson Charles Edward A. B. Knox College. Tanigoshi Katsutaro University Wisconsin. Townsend Barry Eyre Princeton University. Felton Del. Chicago. Chicago. Frankfort. Chicago. Petersbitrg. Chicago. Chicago. Harvard. Chicago. Wheaton. Chicago. Sugar Grove. Chicago. New Berlin. Elizabeth. Bozenian Mont. Chicago. Chicago. Oronoco Minn. Chicago. Chicago. Ransom. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Wheaton. Chicago. Chicago. Mazon. Davenport Iowa. Clearfield Iowa. T Vakayania Japan. Chicago. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Van Ryper James Reynolds Whitcomb Charles Henry Weeden J . V. Well Harry Norton Willson Royal Andrew Winterbottom Joseph Erastus A. B. Illinois College. Woodbury Homer Whallon Woodruff Silas New Carlisle . Albion Mich. Evanston. Elmwood. Evanston. Jacksonville. Oak Park. Clyde Kans. SPECIAL STUDENTS. Asher \V Simpson A. B. Northwestern University. Batten Ralph Ellsworth Brown Thomas Baldwin Burns "William Cullen Crumpacker Shepard J. B. S. Northwestern University. Dillard Jesse Richard A. B. Livingstone College. Hart Merwin Michael Armour Institute. Henn William Eugene Hyman Robert William Jen Bert Jay Kryda John Tennymore Levy Sylvanus George Ph. B. University Chicago. Meek Marcellus Waltz Miller Albert Grant Moehle John Lewis Morris Frederick Thomas Jr. McWilliams Ralph A. B. Harva University. Oakleaf James A. B. University Michigan. Remy Victor Allison A. B. Harvard University. Simmons E. Elliott 'Whitestown Seminary. Simpson Charles George Smith Horace Greeley Northwestern University. Watkins Victor Thomas Webb Jonathan Edwards Williamson Ray Ferris Winnetka. Chica. . Chicago. Oswego Kans. Westville Ind. Gibson . T. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Big Rapids Mich. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Evanston. Chicago. Evanston. Evanston. Chicago . Chicago. Oronoco Minn. ANNOUNCEMENT OF ANNUAL ALlJMNI BANQUET . Law School . School University . Law School ( Northwestern University Building Chicago) . Among Governor Charles S. Deneen Congressmen George E. Foss Henry S. Boutell James R. Mann Hon. William J. Bryan Judges Willard M. McEwen Benjamin R. Burroughs \Villiam M. Farmer Frederick A . Smith Richard W. Clifford Harry Higbee George A. Dupuy Hon. Frank . Lowden Hon. Robert E. Pendarvis Corporation Counsel Edgar B. Tolman. Reservations Secretary Alumni Association Jerome J . Cermak Tribune Building Chicago. THE Y OUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. Young Men' Christian Association Chicago Schools University Building. Association . University Association . T) . All Association . Association . Those Mr. Paul C. Foster Y. M. C. A. Northwestern University Building Chicago Chicago . DIRECTORY University COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS Registrar University Hall Evanston Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL Secretary Dearborn Street Chicago. LAW SCHOOL Secretary Northwestern University Bldg. Chicago. https://plrccollections.org/files/original/d0be96b97a533f2c086d9f75d0616d25.pdf b97da6fbfe486182eedd7ca811a04eb9 PDF Text Text NUMBER IV SERIES III Lil :E 0 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN i SCHOOL OF LAW OF THE U :r: u -< z >,-. E- ...J -- (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO 0 E- ::> EE(f) z 0 u PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Evanston-Chicago The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LA w SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE ScHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1887. THE SCHOOL OF Music, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are maintained by the University: THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863'. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University campus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an independent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University Campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �NORTI-IWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO - EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW ( UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED Q__UARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY ��QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. 4, SERIES III, FEBRUARY-APRIL, 1905. I. PAGE THE NEW AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF ILLINOIS, CONCERNING THE CHARTER OF CHICAGO • MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered at the Post-office at Chicago, Ill., as second-class matter. 5 ��THE NEW AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF ILLINOIS, CONCERNING THE CHARTER OF CHICAGO. ITS CONSTITUTIONALITY, AND, IF CONSTITUTIONAL, THE CHANGES WROUGHT BY IT IN THE FUNDAMENTAL ORGANIC LAW OF THE STATE. By Henry Schofield. Professor of Constitutional Law and the Law of Municipal Corporations in the Law School of Northwestern University, and formerly Assistant Corporation Counsel to the City of Chica&o An editorial in the Chicago Sunday Tribune of a few weeks ago directed the attention of the public to an objection that has been raised to the so-called "Charter Amendment" of the Constitution, that objection being, that said Amendment is void, because it amends more than one Article of the Constitution, in contravention of Section 2 of Article XIV, which section provides, that "The General Assembly shall have no power to propose Amendments to more than one Article of this Constitution at the same session"; referred to a decision of the Supreme Court of Iowa (Koehler NOTE: Tiu texto/ the Amendment t"s as follows: Article IV, Section 34. The General Assembly shall have power, subject to the conditions and limitations hereinafter contained to pass any law (local, special or general) providing a scheme or charter of local municipal government for the territory now or hereafter embraced within the limits of the city of Chicago. The law or laws so passed may provide for consolidating (in whole or in part) in the municipal government of the city of Chicago, the powers now vested in the city, board of education, -township, park and other local governments and authorities having jurisdiction confined to or within said territory, or any part thereof, and for the assumption by the city of Chicago of the debts and liabilities (in whole or in part) of the governments or corporate authorities whose functions within its territory shall be vested in said city of Chicago, and may authorize said city, in the event of its becoming liable for the indebtedness of two or more of the existing municipal corporations lying wholly within said city of Chicago, to become indebted to an amount (including its existing indebtedness and the indebtedness of all municipal corporations lying wholly within the limits of said city, and said city's proportionate share of the indebtedness of said county and sanitary district which share shall be determined in such a mannner as the General Assembly shall prescribe) in the aggregate not exceeding five per centum of the full value of the taxable property within its limits as ascertained by the last assessment either for State or municipal purposes previous to the incurring of such indebtedness (but no new bonded indebtedness, other than for refunding purposes, shall be incurred until the proposition therefor shall be consented to by a majority 5 �6 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. and Lang v Hill, 60 Iowa, 543) declaring void an Amendment of the Constitution of Iowa, prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquor in that State, because the General Assembly of Iowa, in adopting the said proposed Amendment, did not proceed in manner and form agreeably to the Article of the Iowa Constitution prescribing a method for proposing and adopting Amendments; and gave expression to the thought that, perhaps, our Supreme Court might not be so "strict" as the Supreme Court of Iowa was in the case referred to. The possibility, involved in the said objection, that the now daily manifested expectations of great benefits to accrue to Chicago by reason of this new Amendment may be in danger of being disappointed, would appear to sugges t, that it is proper to begin to seriously consider the questions : ( 1) ·whether this new Amendment is a lawful Amendment of our Constitution; (2) Whether this new Amendment was necessary to enable the General Assembly to exercise any important or substantial legislative power over the of the legal voters of said city voting on the question at any election, general, municipal, or special) ; and may provide for the assessment of property and the levy and collection of taxes within said city for corporate purposes in accordance with the principles of equality and uniformity prescribed by this Constitution; and may abolish all offices, the functions of which shall be otherwise provided for; and may provide for the annexation of territory to or disconnection of territory from said city of Chicago by the consent of a majority of the legal voters (voting on the question at any election, general, municipal or special) of the said city and of a majority of the voters of such territory voting on the question at any election, general, municipal or special; and in case the General Assembly shall create municipal courts in the city of Chicago it may abolish the offices of Justices of the Peace, Police Magistrates and Constables in and for the terrritory within said city, and may limit the jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in the territory of said county of Cook outside of said city to that territory, an d in such case the j urisdiction of practice of said municipal courts shall be such as the eneral Assembly shall prescribe; and the General Assembly may pass all laws which it may deem requisite to effectually provide a complete system of local municipal government in and for the c~ty of Chicago. No law based upon this amendment to the Constitution, affecting the municipal government of the city of Chicago, shall take effect until such law shall be consented to by a majority of the legal voters of said city voting on the question at any election, general, municipal or special; and no local or special law based upon this amendment affecting specially any part of the city of Chicago shall take effect until consented to by a majority of the legal voters of such part of said city voting on the question at any election, general, municipal or special. Nothing in this section contained shall be construed to repeal, amend or affect section four (4) of Article XI of the Constitution of this State (Sess. Laws, 1903, Bradwell Ed., p. 281). �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 7 subject of local government for Chicago, that it could not have exercised under the Constitution as it stands without this Amendment; and (3) Precisely and exactly what legislative power over that subject of local government for Chicago is the General Assembly enabled to exercise by virtue of this new Amendment, that it could not have exercised before, or without, this Amendment. There is, it is believed, some, if not good, ground upon which to rest the following views : First, that it is probable the Supreme Court may find itself constrained to declare the said Amendment, and, consequently, all acts of the General Assembly "based thereon," unconstitutional, and, therefore, void; Second, that this new Amendment, even if constitutional, and, therefore, lawful, removes no important and substantial pre-existing constitutional restriction or limitation upon the legislative power of the General Assembly; Third, that this new Amendment was, and is, unnecessary, because the General Assembly, under the legislative power it possessed before, and without, this new Amendment, can accomplish for Chicago, and for the inhabitants thereof, everything of substance, touching the matter of our local government, that it can accomplish for us under and by virtue of this Amendment. I. As respects the said first proposition, that the Supreme Court may find itself constrained to declare this Amendment void: This Amendment expressly purports, or attempts, to amend at least three Articles of the Constitution, to-wit: Article IV, Section 22, prohibiting the passage of "local or special laws" upon certain specified topics; Article VI, Sections r, 2r and 28, making justices of the peace a part of the Judicial Department of the Government; and Article IX, Section r2, limiting the power of municipal corporations to go into debt, and also expressly makes the addition of a referendum clause to all laws "based upon" this Amendment mandatory or compulsory. While, as hereinafter explained, this Amendment touches, affects and changes the Sections of the Articles of the Constitution just specified only in very slight, wholly unimportant and unsubstantial, ways, yet, even if this Amendment does no more, that is perhaps sufficient to lay it open to the said objection, that it amends more than one Article of the Constitution, and to the further objection, that it is too unsubstantial to come within the true meaning of an Amendment of the Constitution. But it is asserted by some that this Amendment does more than amend slightly and delicately the three Articles just specified, and a plausible argument that they are right may be made. In its first sentence, this Amendment provides that "the General Assembly shall have power, subject to the conditions and Iimita- �8 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. tions hereinafter contained, to pass any law (local, special or general) providing a scheme or charter of local municipal government for the territory now or hereafter embraced within the limits of the city of Chicago." The thought expressed in said sentence is reexpressed in the last sentence of the first paragraph of the Amendment in the following words, to-wit: "And the General Assembly may pass all laws which it may deem requisite to effectually provide a complete system of local municipal government for the city of Chicago." As to the "conditions and limitations hereinafter contained," mentioned in the first sentence above quoted, the only express "conditions and limitations hereinafter contained" appear to be, first, that no law passed by the General Assembly affecting Chicago, and "based upon" this new Amendment, can take effect in Chicago, until consented to by a majority of the electors of Chicago, or of the part of Chicago to be affected by such law, who may vote on the question of the adoption of such law; and, second, that ''nothing" in this Amendment "contained shall be construed to repeal, amend or affect Section four (4) of Article XI of the Constitution of this State," said Section being the one which prohibits the General Assembly from passing any law granting the right to construct and operate a street railroad in any city, town, or village, without requiring the consent of the local corporate authorities having control of the street proposed to be occupied by such street railroad. From the aforesaid provisions of this Amendment, evidently, it is entirely possible to argue, with at least some degree of plausibility, that, when the words of the Amendment are rightly interpreted, its true intent and meaning is, to free the General Assembly from each and every written restriction or limitation contained, not merely in the State Con3titution, but in the Federal Constitution as well, upon its legislative power over the topic of local government for Chicago, and to place its legislative power over all subjects embraced within that general legislative topic, except the single subject of granting the right to lay down street railroad tracks in the streets of Chicago, under the one written restriction or limitation, that no law passed by the General Assembly affecting the local government of Chicago, except a law upon the subject of street railroads in Chicago, shall take effect and be in force in Chicago, except upon the consent of the electors of Chicago manifested by their votes at an election. In other words, it may be argued, at least plausibly, that this Amendment, in so far as all subjects of legislation included in the general legislative topic of local government for Chicago are concerned, except the single subject of street railroads, turns the General As- �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 9 sembly into a species of Constitutional Convention for Chicago, that is to say, a body of picked men who have power to propose anything to the electors of Chicago, but to conclude nothing for said electors, with the curious and odd exception that the General Assembly, and the local legislative authority of Chicago, combined, have the power to conclude said electors upon the said single subject of street railroads in the streets of Chicago. If the aforesaid view of the true intent and meaning of this Amendment should be deemed not merely plausible, but sound, then, certainly, it must be agreed, that this Amendment is very radical, because, when it is remembered that the topic of local government embraces a wide field of legislation, almost the only boundary, in the absence of any constitutional limitation, being the will of the General Assembly, this Amendment erects within the limits of this State a species of a pure democracy, with no constitutional limitation upon its legislative power over any subject included in the general subject of local government, with the aforesaid exception of the subject of street railroads. In fine, this view is, that this Amendment amounts to a species of an ordinance of secession, separating the people of Chicago from the people of the rest of the State, and from the people o-f the rest of the United States as well. The aforesaid view of the true intent and meaning of this Amendment may, or may not, be sound. It does seem, however, that this view, the question being one merely of the meaning of a few words, is plausible, and that the lawyer called upon to assail this Amendment before the Supreme Court would be justified in making, if not in duty bound to make, the best possible argument in support of that view, leaving it to his adversary, the defender of this Amendment, to accept, or to combat, that view, as he might be advised. The soundness of that view would appear to depend, to some extent at least, upon the solution of the question, whether the well established rule, requiring a court to so construe an act of the Legislature as to harmonize it with the State and Federal Constitutions, if it be possible to do so, applies to an act, or resolution, of the Legislature proposing to the electors an Amendment of the Constitution. Such an act, or resolution, is not an ordinary piece of_ legislation, but is, from every point of view, extraordinary, its very object, aim and purpose being to effect a material change in the fundamental organic law of the State. Then, do the reasons, upon which the said rule rests, apply to the case of such extraordinary act, or resolution? Not necessarily, it may be argued, after the act or resolution has received the approval of the electors, and is drawn in question in a litigated case at the bar on the point whether �10 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. it really is, in point of law, a part of the Constitution. If the reasons upon which said rule rests do not apply, then, according to the familiar maxim, the rule itself does not apply. It is not unlikely, then, that a court, before which the right of this Amendment to a permanent abiding place in our Constitution is challenged, may say, that it is bound to construe and interpret its words liberally, to give them the widest and fullest meaning they are capable of bearing, in order to give complete effect to the expressed object, aim, and purpose of the electors, viz., a material and substantial enlargement of the legislative power of the General Assembly, by the removal of pre-existing constitutional restrictions and limitations thereon. Certainly all will agree, that any court should so construe and interpret this Amendment, if it were admittedly and confessedly a part of the fundamental organic law of the State. Is it rational to say, . that a different rule of construction and interpretation applies, when the right of this Amendment to a place in that fundamental organic law is the question in issue? It would ~eem not. It is believed that, if the aforesaid view of the true intent and meaning of this Amendment should prevail, and it may prevail, most lawyers would concede toot the Amendment must fall for very many obvious reasons. But if the view, that the words of this Amendment are susceptible of the aforesaid meaning, be held to be untenable, then, as above stated, and hereinafter more fully explained, it only slightly amends certain Sections of three separate Articles of the Constitution, but is thus brought into apparent collision, at least, with the said constitutional prohibition, that the General Assembly shall not propose Amendments to more than one Article of this Constitution at the same Session. It is possible, that the Supreme Court may not feel bound hand and foot by the Constitutional Convention's arrangement and adjustment of the provisions of the Constitution into Articles and Sections, and may feel at liberty to re-arrange and re-adjust to some extent the work of the Constitutional Convention. But it is not easy to see how the court can go farther into such work of revision and adjustment than to re-arrange and re-adjust the work of the Constitutional Convention into three Articles, corresponding to the three Departments, the Executive, the Legislative, and the Judicial. Even then, this Amendment, if it has any effect at all upon the Constitution, amends two of said Articles, viz: the Legislative and the Judicial. It is possible, perhaps, for the Court to say, that "one Article" means "one topic," and this Amendment affects only one topic, to-wit: local government in Chicago. The argument usually made to sustain Amendments of a State �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 11 Constitution, adopted in disregard of the provisions of the Constitution prescribing the manner in which, and the mode by which, it may be amended, viz., the supremacy of the will of the people, has never met with any favor in courts of last resort, for the very good reason, that, in "a government of laws and not of men," courts know, and can know, nothing about the will of the people, except when that will is expressed in a manner and mode authorized by law, the manner and mode of ascertaining, and giving legal expression to, the will of the people on the subject of amending their fundamental organic law being the manner and mode therein specified, and no other. Any other doctrine would make the judges themselves parties to a revolution, or unlawful attempt, to change the structure of the very government of which they are a part. It is true, that the Supreme Court of Colorado, consisting of three judges, did recently, on March 2, 1903, in the case of The People vs Sours, 74 Pacific Reporter, 167, by a vote of two to one, get over a similar objection to an Amendment of the Colorado Constitution, said Amendment providing for the consolidation of the county and city governments of Denver. But the dissenting opinion of Mr. Chief Justice Campbell appears to be the most judicial opinion delivered. And the majority appear to have been in error, when they thought they found authority for their position in four decisions of our Supreme Court (Moore's Ex. v. Lewis, 1o6 Ill. 376; Huston v. Clark, II2 Ill., 344; Wilson v. Board of Trustees, 133 Ill. 443; and Wabash Ry. Co. v. Drainage and Levee District, 194 III. 3ro), arising under the Amendment in 1878 of our Constitution, giving the General Assembly power to authorize the construction and repair of drains, ditches or levees for agricultural, mining or sanitary purposes over the lands of others by special assessment, because, first, the point that the said Amendment of 1878 amended more than one Article of our Constitution was not raised in the cases referred to, and such vast property rights have accrued under the Amendment that it is now too late, even of any one thinks said Amendment of 1878 did encounter this objection, to raise said objection to said Amendment; and, second, the settled doctrine of our Supreme Court appears to be, that said Amendment of 1878 amended only Section 9 of Article IX, by removing, or uplifting, the prohibition in that Section, which prevented the General Assembly from vesting in drainage and sanitary districts the power to raise the money to pay the cost of drains, ditches and levees by special assessment, but left the legislative power of the General Assembly over the subj ect of drains, ditches and levees for agricultural, mining or sanitary purposes, subj ect to all the other restrictions and limitations found in the Constitution. Besides, the doctrine of the majority of the Colorado Court, that an implied Amendment is not �12 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. within a constitutional prohibition as to the number of Amendments that may be proposed at one time, can have no application to this new Amendment of ours, because, if this new Amendment of ours does amend more than one Article of our Constitution, it does the thing expressly, that is to say, in words. It does not seem very likely, that our Supreme Court will strain itself in order to find a way to sustain this new Amendment, because, if the views hereinafter expressed are correct, the Amendment is based almost wholly upon a misapprehension of certain judgments of the court, and a decision declaring this Amendment void, and of no force and effect, either because it amends more than one Article of the Constitution, or because it does not amend the Constitution at all, would do probably more good than harm to the State as a whole. II. All will agree, doubtless, that this Amendment is of no substantial, practical importance, if, in truth and in fact, it removes no important and substantial pre-existing written constitutional restriction or limitation upon the legishtive power of the General Assembly, and if, consequently, the General Assembly, without this Amendment, has ample power to accomplish for Chicago and its inhabitants every important and substantial result, affecting the subject of our local government, that it can accomplish for us under and by virtue of this Amendment. In considering this matter of the precise and exact actual legal effect of this Amendment, and of the real necessity for this Amendment, in order to enable us to attain the benefits of good and efficient local government in Chicago, one must get firmly fixed in the mind, and keep there, the fundamental proposition, that the General Assembly of this State is possessed of all the legislative power of the people o"f the State, even over the subject of local government for Chicago, except in so far as the legislative power of the people of the State is withdrawn from the General Assembly by express provisions in the State and Federal Constitutions. In other words, the General Assembly, unless restricted by some express or implied State or Federal constitutional provision, is as omnipotent a legislative body as the Parliament of England, and may do for, and to, the people of the State whatever the people could themselves do for, and to, themselves, acting as a pure democracy. Casting aside as negligible, in this connection, the aforesaid view, that this Amendment, rightly constrned and interpreted, frees the General Assembly from every written constitutional restriction or limitation upon its legislative power over the subject of local government in Chicago, let the Amendment be examined, in so far as it expressly purports, or attempts, to amend the Sections of the three Articles of the Constitution heretofore specified. �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 13 It should be noticed, that the Amendment takes the form, improper from a correct legal point of view, of a grant of power to the General Assembly, and that the general legislative topic mentioned therein is the topic of "a scheme or charter of local municipal government" for Chicago. This Amendment then proceeds to expressly specify three or four subjects embraced within the said general topic, and purports to grant to the General Assembly power to deal with said specified subjects in certain specified ways. The specified subjects are: (1) the consolidation, or amalgamation, of all municipal corporations in Chicago into one municipal corporation; (2) the assessment and collection of taxes for the local corporate purposes of Chicago; (3) justices of the peace, constables and municipal courts in Chicago; (4) the indebtedness of Chicago. I. Taking the said general legislative topic of a "scheme or charter of local municipal government" for Chicago, and the first of said specified subjects, to-wit: the consolidation of municipal corporations in Chicago into one municipal corporation, the questions to be considered are: (a) Just what restrictions or limitations in the Constitution upon the legislative power of the General Assembly over these subjects create a necessity for this Amendment? (b) Exactly how does this Amendment touch and affect such restrictions or limitations? This Amendment itself points to one constitutional restriction or limitation, to-wit: Section 22 of Article IV of the Constitution, providing that "the General Assembly shall not pass local or special laws in any of the following enumerated cases," and then includes within the "enumerated cases" the said subjects of municipal charters and consolidation of municipal corporations. And that is the only relevant, for our purpose, restriction or limitation in the Constitution upon the legislative power of the General Assembly over said subjects, as the Supreme Court has authoritatively decided, over and over again. In other words, except for the said constitutional restriction or limitation prohibiting the passage of "local or special laws," the General Assembly has all the legislative power over said subjects that any legislature, sitting under a State Constitution, in the usual and ordinary form, could have. One of the latest rulings of the Supreme Court to the foregoing effect was made on June 23, 1904, by Mr. Justice Scott, speaking for the court, in the case of Chicago v. Cicero, 210 Ill., 290, 294-296, where any one may find previous decisions of the Supreme Court upon the same subject. So far as the said subjects of municipal charter for Chicago and consolidation of municipal corporations in Chicago are concerned, then, the only actual legal effect of this Amendment is to free the �14 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. General Assembly from that restriction or limitation, when legislating on said subjects for Chicago, and to enable the General Assembly to propose to the electors of Chicago alone laws upon said subjects to take effect in Chicago when the electors of Chicago so will. Is the said restriction or limitation upon the power of the General Assembly to legislate upon said subjects, forbidding the passage of "local or special laws" upon said subjects, but leaving the General Assembly practically unlimited power to legislate thereon by "general laws," any real and substantial embarrassment to, clog, fetter or tether upon, the exercise, "effectually" for Chicago and its inhabitants, by the General Assembly of its admitted legislative power over said subjects? That depends, obviously, upon the meaning the law attaches to the words "local or special laws," and "general laws," found in our Constitution, as applied to the subject of local government. It seems quite clear, that this Amendment proceeds upon this fallacy, viz: of assuming that a law upon the subject of local government is "local or special," and not "general," unless it must be, and is, of necessity, in force and effect upon every foot of the soil of Illinois. But the rule of the law, as laid down by our Supreme Court, is, that a law upon the subjects of local municipal government and the consolidation of local municipal governments is a "general law," and is not a "local or special law," when it has a general local option, or, in our day, local referendum, provision, even though the electors of only one locality in the State vote to accept the benefits and burdens of the law. All that is required, according to authoritative decisions of our Supreme Court, in order to make a local government law a "general law" is, that the law shall give to the electors of all municipal corporations of the State of the same class, grade or denomination, embraced within the terms of the law, a reasonable opportunity to adopt, and be governed under, the law, and that the law shall be so drawn that all the municipalities that adopt the law must have local governments identical in organization and in powers. As early as December, 1848, the Supreme Court, in People v. Reynolds, S Gilman, 1, speaking by Mr. Justice Caton, incorporated the local option, or local referendum, principle into the law of this State, and that principle has frequently been used since the adoption of our present Constitution in 1870 to rescue local government laws from the objection that they are "local or special laws." Conspicuous and familiar examples of "general laws" with a general local option provision, in force in only a few places here and there in the State, are the "Election Law" and the "Civil Service Law," �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 15 both of which have been sustained by our Supreme Court, the opinion in the "Election Law" case, n6 Ill. 587, written by Mr. Justice Magruder, covering this whole subject of "general laws,'' and "local or special laws,'' as applied to the matter of government, and pointing out that our present "Cities and Villages Act" of r872 is a "general law," though it is not in operation all over the State, and did not apply in Chicago until the electors of Chicago adopted it in r875. And in New Jersey, where also the local referendum was legalized at an early date, "An act concerning the government of cities in this State" was held not to be obnoxious to the objection that it was "local or special," or not of "uniform operation," when it left it optional to the electors of any city, but required the electors of no city, in the State to live under its provisions. (Petition of Cleveland, Mayor of Jersey City, 52 N. J. L., r88.) Judging from our written laws, the people of this State have always been, and are now, firm believers in the principle of local self government, or home rule in local affairs, and the framers of our present Constitution, in obedience to this known faith of the people in, and their wish for, such home rule, inserted into the Constitution very many provisions calculated, and designed, to secure that principle against invasion or destruction by the General Assembly. That principle necessarily contemplates the result in practice, that the local governments set up by authority of the General Assembly in the various municipalities composing the State may, and must, differ in formal and sometimes in substantial particulars respecting their organization and powers. The prohibition against "local or special laws" upon the subject was not at all intended to secure an iron uniformity in the organization and powers of the local governments of the various municipalities composing the State, because such iron uniformity may itself constitute an evil, and a menace to the general welfare of the State, and the intent of the prohibition against the passage of "local or special laws" was to root out, and cut off, evils in government, State and municipal, and not at all to furnish a basis for their introduction and perpetuation. Quoting from the opinion of Mr. Justice Van Syckel, speaking for the Court of Errors and Appeals of New Jersey in the case above mentioned, "one of the conspicuous evils at which" this constitutional prohibition against local or special laws "was aimed, was, in my judgment, this: that prior to" its insertion in our Constitution of r870 "a few persons could go before the" General Assembly "and secure the passage of a special law to promote their own purposes, which might be obnoxious to the body of the citi, zens. In such event, the only remedy was by an appeal to a subso, quent legislature, and that mi~ht too lat~ to w!-\olly n~p;,,ir the �16 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. mischief. Such enactments are now forestalled by the fact that they cannot be made applicable without being submitted to the approval of the entire body of voters. In this way the people of every city are left free to select the mode in which they will regulate and conduct their local affairs, and it is this which impresses such legislation with the character of general, and not special, legislation. Gauged by this standard, there is no infirmity in the legislation which is the subject of controversy (An act concerning the government of cities in this State). It applies to the entire class; there is no exception. It is held out to the free acceptance of all, and is capable of being accepted or rejected by every city in this State." And that the foregoing correctly states the law of the land in Illinois is apparent from the opinion of Mr. Justice Magruder, speaking for our Supreme Court, in the "Election Law" case above mentioned. The learned Justice there said: "On July r, r872, that act ( to provide for the incorporation of cities and villages) was, in a certain sense, dormant. Until some city or village should vote in favor of accepting it, there was nothing for it to operate upon. When the first city adopted it, its provisions took effect as to the municipal affairs of that city, but of no other. It was, for the time being, in force in one locality alone, and not elsewhere. Notwithstanding these features, we say of it in Potwin vs. Johnson, 108 Ill. 70, 'After full consideration and reconsideration, we are as firmly committed to the doctrine as we can be to any doctrine, that the act in relation to cities and villages is a general law, and not local or special.' " And it is a well known fact that, in several of our sister States, with Constitutions contammg almost identically the same prohibition as ours upon the passage of local or special laws on the subject of local government, "Classification Acts," even without any local option provision, grading cities into classes for the purpose of local government upon the basis of population, have been passed, and have always been sustained by the courts of last resort, except when the court was able to see clearly, that the Legislature was really so legislating, under the guise of a general classification by population for the purpose of local government, that only one city in the State, or only certain particular cities in the State, could by any reasonable possibility attain the benefits of the legislation. It is believed, that no such general "Classification Act" has ever been passed by our General Assembly, since r870 at least, but it seems to be incontestable, that such an act would be good, The framers of our present Constitution of ' r870 appear to have borrowed the prohibition upon the passage of "local or special laws," gr "laws not of uniform oper<1tion/' from the <;:q11stiMiqn qf Q1'iq �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 17 of 1851 (Article II, Section 26; Article XIII, Sections 1 and 6), the Constitution of Indiana of 1851 (Article IV, Section 22), the Constitution of Iowa of 1857 (Article III, Section 30), and the Constitution of Minnesota of 1858 (Article IV, Section 33; See, 1 Debates in C. C. of 1870, pp. 577-578, and p. 583). As early as December, 1868, the Supreme Court of Ohio decided, that the Legislature of Ohio could, for the purpose of local government, grade cities into classes on the basis of population, and that a local government law applicable to all the cities in one class, or grade, was a general law of uniform operation (Welker v. Potter, 18 Ohio St. 85). On a familiar rule, the framers of our Constitution, no intention to the contrary appearing, must be presumed to have adopted that judicial interpretation of the Ohio Constitution (See, also, State v. Mitchell, 31 Ohio St., 592; Marmet v. State, 45 Ohio St., 63; State v. Anderson, 44 Ohio St., 247; and State v. Cincinnati, 40 N . E. Rep. 5o8). The Supreme Court of Minnesota expounds the Constitution of Minnesota in the same way (McCormick v. West Duluth, 47 Minn., 272; State v. Spaude, 37 Minn., 264.) And our own Supreme Court, in People v. Hazelwood, II6 Ill., 319, 329, speaking by Mr. Justice Scholfield, said: "Classification, therefore, in our opinion, is not only allowable, but, to a large extent, inevitable, between towns lying wholly in the country and those the entire territory of which is covered by an incorporated city." And at the close of a very able and very interesting debate in the Constitutional Convention upon the question whether the prohibition upon the passage of local or special laws should be extended to the subject of local government, Mr. Medill said: "As regards Chicago, we can procure, under a general law, all that can ever be needed for the wants of that city, by simply dividing the various cities into classes. Legislation for cities of the first class would embrace Chicago alone, and give us everything we need, or have a right to ask, in the way of amending our Charter." And the majority of the delegates apparently were of the same opinion (1 Debates in C. C. of 1870, p. 591 to p. 6o8; see Mr. Hay's speech on p. 6o5, and see the Colloquy between Mr. Hayes and Mr. Medill in l Debates, p. 584; the Iowa statute there referred to is probably Chapter 51 of the Revision of 186o of the Laws of Iowa, being "An Act for the Incorporation of Cities and Towns," grading cities into classes on the basis of population). It appears to be quite clear, therefore, that the view, evidenced by this Amendment, that our Constitution was written so illiberally by its framers or has been expounded so illiberally by the Supreme Court, that an Amendment must be adopted whenever any city, any town or any village in the State needs a change in the organization �18 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. and powers of the local government provided for it by the statutes now in force, is not tenable. It follows, then, that insofar as Chicago's "charter" and "consolidation" are concerned, the precise, exact and only legal effect of this Amendment upon the fundamental organic law of the State is, to remove, or uplift, the constitutional restriction or limitation upon the passage of "local or special laws" upon said subjects so far as to leave the General Assembly free to make an exception of the city of Chicago by limiting and confining to the electors of that city alone of all cities in the State the privilege, or right, of living under laws upon said subjects passed by the General Assembly. The question comes naturally into the mind: Why, if the General Assembly frames a model "scheme or charter of local municipal government," should the General Assembly be allowed to limit and confine the right to enjoy the benefits of that law to the electors of Chicago, and to deny that right for all time to the electors of every other city in the State? It may well be doubted, whether an Amendment of our Constitution enabling the General Assembly to make such exception is of any, even theoretical, value. One i;nay be permitted to believe, looking at the matter from every conceivable point of view, that the old rule, compelling the General Assembly to extend to the electors of every city of the State of the same class or grade a reasonable opportunity to exercise and enjoy the privilege of accepting the results of its deliberations on the subject of local municipal government, was a better and wiser rule. It is believed, that the city of Chicago is not at all unique among the cities of the State respecting the matter of the multiplicity of municipal governments to which its citizens are subject; and, if it is unique in that respect, it is not easy to see how that is at all material, as respects the matter in hand, except that such fact alone might be sufficient to justify the General Assembly in putting Chicago into a class by itself for the purpose of local government. The State appears to have started with the county as the unit of local government, and upon that unit, as population increased, were engrafted the town, or township, the school district, the road district, the bridge district, the incorporated town, the village, the city, the park district, the sanitary district, and so on ad infinitum. The people did not do this work in their Constitution; it was all done by the General Assembly, by the legislative machinery of general and special acts, prior to 1870, of general acts, after 1870, with and without local option attachments. It follows, of course, that, whenever, in process of time, it becomes necessary, all this work may be undone by the General Assembly without any Amendment of the Constitution, by the legislative machi~H Y of the general law with a genm.l local optio11 eH~~p1n~nt: �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 19 The drainage districts, incorporated under the "Levee Act" or under the "Farm Drainage Act," for the purpose of constructing and keeping in repair drains, ditches and levees to drain wet agricultural land and wet mining land, appear to stand upon such a foundation that, while they constitutionally may be consolidated one with another, yet they probably may not constitutionally be consolidated with a public municipal governmental corporation. The reason for this appears to be, that such a drainage corporation is not a public municipal corporation, because it is not created for a governmental purpose, but is more of a private corporation, resting upon the power of the General Assembly to prevent an owner of wet agricultural land or of wet mining land from playing the part either of "the dog in the manger," or of "the hold-up man," towards his neighbo rs owning adjacent wet land, and desirous of fitting it for agricultural or mining uses, uses that are mainly private, but somewhat, though, in a legal sense, remotely affecting, and beneficial to, the people of the whole State (Wilson v. Sanitary District, 133 Ill. 443, 476; Gaylord v. Sanitary District, 204 Ill., 576; Head v. Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, n3 U . S., 9; Wurts v. Hoagland, II4 U. S ., 6o6). 2. As to the matter of assessing and collecting taxes for Chicago's municipal purposes, this Amendment says that the General Assembly "may provide for the assessment of property and the levy and collection of taxes within said city of Chicago for corporate purposes in accordance with the principles of equality and uniformity prescribed by this Constitution." Of what value is that provision? Under the Constitution, Section 9 of Article IX providing that, "for all other corporate purposes, all municipal corporations may be vested (by the General Assembly) with authority to assess and collect taxes," the General Assembly may give Chicago the right to assess and collect its corporate taxes by its own officers, if it acts by a general law in the sense above defined. The insertion of said quoted words in the Amendment appears to have been due to a misapprehension of the ruling of the Supreme Court in the "City Tax Act" case in 83 Ill., 585. That act was declared void for the sole reason, as the court explained there and subsequently in the "Election Law" case hereinabove referred to, that it allowed a city an option to select one set of officers, to-wit, city officers, or another and different set of officers, to-wit: town and county officers, to do the work of assessing and collecting its taxes; thus, of its own force, tending to produce and authorizing dissimilarity in the organization and powers of different cities organized under the same local government law in the levy and collection of taxes. The ruling of the court only P1earis that a law �20 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. upon the subject of local government, even when it contains a general local option provision, must, in order to be a "general law," be so drawn, that it will produce uniformity in results in the organization and powers of the. local governments of the cities which elect to adopt it, and that dissimilarity or diversity in results in such cities shall arise only out of a difference in the manner in which identical officers in different cities exercise their identical deleg;;.ted powers. The distinction adverted to is aptly illustrated by the matter of municipal ordinances passed by the councils of different cities organized under our present "Cities and Villages Act." The councils of such cities have identically the same powers, but may, and, obviously, must, exercise them differently. But dissimilarity or diversity in results, so produced, does not make a local government law a local or special law, or a law not of uniform operation. In that "City Tax Act" case, the court, speaking by Mr. Justice Scholfield, said: "If the General Assembly should, by one or many enactments, authorize the incorporation of every city, every town or every village with a distinct and dissimilar organization and powers, such enactment or enactments would be within the constitutional prohibition of local or special legislation, although having the form of general laws." "Nor does the prohibition of the Constitution have any application to the character of the ordinances that may be adopted by municipalities properly incorporated, which are within their unquestioned powers." 3. Much of the foregoing applies to the next subject of legislation specifically mentioned in this Amendment, to-wit, justices of the peace, constables and municipal courts in Chicago. It is believed, that the restrictions or limitations in the Constitution upon the power of the General Assembly over these subjects at the most only forbid that body ( r) to abolish, by direct legislative enactment, the offices of justice of the peace and constable in Chicago; (2) to make the office of justice of the peace in Chicago an elective office; and (3) to legislate upon the subjects of justices of the peace, constables and municipal courts in Chicago by local or special laws or laws not of uniform operation ( Constitution, Article IV, Section 22; Article VI, Sections r, 21, 28, 29). Admitting that this Amendment removes, or uplifts, all of said restrictions or limitations so far as Chicago is concerned, the question is whether that is of very great practical importance. If, under this Amendment, the offices of justice of the peace and constable in Chicago are once abolished, will they stay abolished? Not necessarily, of course. All must concede, and this Amendment itself concedes on its face, the absolute necessity to just and efficient government of some kind of a system of inferior �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 21 courts. Is it intended to return to the practice, abolished by the Constitution of 1870, at the special request of Chicago, and supposed at the time by the delegates from Cook County to the Constitutional Convention to be a great reform, of electing the judges of the inferior courts of Chicago? But as respects the more important matter of the duties and powers to be attached to these offices, that is to say, as respects the territorial jurisdiction, or bailiwick, of a constable, and as respects the jurisdiction, territorial and otherwise, the organization, powers, proceedings and practice of justice courts, and of municipal courts as well, the power of the General Assembly over these subjects is as completely absolute as it is over any other subject, except for the limitations above mentioned. No reason is perceived why a general law, with a local option provision, upon these subjects could not be drawn that would not encounter the said constitutional limitation prohibiting the passage of local or special laws, or laws not of uniform operation. It is a fact, that, ever since 1874, there has been on the statute books of this State a law upon the subject of city courts, with a local option provision, and that, under such law, several cities of the State have organized and now maintain city courts. The history of the offices of justice of the peace and constable shows, that they are but a part of the machinery of local government. The mere fact that the Constitution mentions these offices by name, and prescribes how the officers shall be chosen, would appear not to operate as a material restraint upon the power of the General Assembly and the people over them, except to prevent the General Assembly from abolishing the offices by direct action and from changing the mode of choosing the officers. Over the fees to be charged to the people by justices and constables for their official services, the General Assembly is allpowerful, and is expressly permitted by the Constitution to deal with the fees of justices and constables in Cook County as a distinct and separate class, without laying a finger on the fees of justices and constables elsewhere in the State. The General Assembly may repeal the existing law fixing the fees of justices and constables in Cook County, such repeal to take effect upon the expiration of the terms of justices and constables now in office, and no one could compel that body to enact a new law on that subject, even if the effect of the repeal were to indirectly abolish the offices by starving the officers. And the General Assembly could, if it saw fit, enact a new law providing that justices and constables in Cook County should receive salaries for their services, payable only out of the fees collected, or out of any other fund, �BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. and requiring them to account for, and to pay into the public treasury, all fees collected. Such is the effect of Section 12 of Article X of the Constitution, as practically construed by the General Assembly, as is evidenced by our "Fees and Salaries Act," ever since 1872. Indeed, it seems apparent, that Section 13 of Article X, requiring that every officer in the State paid in whole or in part by fees should be compelled by law to make a semi-annual report under oath of all his fees and emoluments, was inserted, to the end that the General Assembly, as soon as it became apparent that any officer was receiving more pay than was reasonable, should provide that such officer be paid at a fixed amount of so much per diem or per annum, and be required to pay all fees and emoluments into the public treasury. It would appear then, that the precise and exact effect of this Amendment upon the subject of justices of the peace and constables in Chicago, is, to empower the General Assembly, with the consent of the electors of Chicago, to abolish, by direct legislative act, the offices of justice of the peace and constable in Chicago. Is that a really important power, when the Amendment itself, as above stated, concedes the necessity of offices with similar powers, but with new names? In a word, under the Constitution without this Amendment, the General Assembly can, with the consent of the electors of Chicago and Cook County, do to justices and constables in Chicago all it can do to them under and by virtue of this Amendment, except change the name used to describe these two offices. As a mere change of a man's name does not change the man, so a mere change of the name of a governmental machine does not change its operation and effect upon the people. It is not likely, is it, that any one would say, that an Amendment of the Federal Constitution permitting, or even compelling, us to address a man exercising the powers in Chicago now exercised by our justices of the peace as "My Lord" would be of very much importance? The view evidenced by this Amendment that the General Assembly and the people, without this Amendment, cannot "effectually" deal with justices of the peace and constables in Chicago and Cook County by a general law of uniform operation, appears to rest upon a misapprehen5ion of the opinions of the Supreme Court in the cases of The People v. Meech, 101 Ill., 200*, and Tissier v. Rhein, 130 Ill., no. But those cases go no farther than the "City Tax Act" case above referred to, because the laws there before the court themselves permitted, in the one case, dissimilarity or diversity in *Ouatre. whether any emphasis could have been laid in this case on the words, "and for such districts as are now or shall hereafter be provided by law," in Section 28, Article VI; see ori2inal draft of this section in I Debates in C. C., 974 ; 2 Debates, 1481-1487. �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 23 the territorial jurisdiction of justices as respects the political subdivision of the State throughout which their process might run, and, in the other case, dissimilarity or diversity in the number of justices in towns. As above shown, dissimilarity or diversity in results, so produced, renders a law obnoxious to the objection that it is a local or special law, or a law not of uniform operation. 4. The last subject of legislation specifically mentioned in this Amendment is the indebtedness of Chicago, and it purports to make a grant of power to the General Assembly to enable the city of Chicago to increase its indebtedness, or, in other words, to issue more bonds than the city is permitted to issue under the Constitution as it stands without this Amendment. The Amendment provides, in substance, that the General Assembly, with the consent of the electors of Chicago, shall have power to authorize Chicago "to become indebted to an amount" (including existing indebtedness of said city and of all municipal corporations that may be consolidated with said city) "in the aggregate not exceeding five per centum of the full value of the taxable property within its limits, as ascertained by the last assessment either for State or municipal purposes, previous to the incurring of such indebtedness." The limitation in the Constitution upon the power of municipal corporations to contract debts may be .found in Section 12 of Article IX, and, among other things, provides that "no * * * municipal corporation shall be allowed to become indebted, in any manner or for any purpose, to an amount, including existing indebtedness, in the aggregate exceeding five per centum on the value of the taxable property therein, to be ascertained by the last assessment for State and county taxes, previous to the incurring of SU<;h indebtedness." Comparing the two provisions, it will be seen that the Amendment follows closely the language of the original limitation, the differences being: ( r) The Amendment applies only to Chicago; (2) the Amendment inserts the word "full" before the word "value"; (3) the Amendment substitutes for "therein" the words "within its limits," and (4) the Amendment substitutes the words "either for State or municipal purposes," a disjunctive phrase, in place of the words "for State and county taxes," a conjunctive phrase. The only points that need be considered are the legal significance of the insertion of the word "full" before the word "value," and of the substitution of the disjunctive phrase, "either for State or municipal purposes," in the place of the conjunctive phrase, "for State and county taxes." Whether the insertion of the word "full" before the word "value" works a material change in our Constitution depends upon the meaning of the word "value" as used in the original limitation upon �24 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. municipal indebtedness. When considering the meaning and practical operation of said limitation, it is necessary to keep in mind that the value of property is one thing, and the mode or manner of ascertaining that value is another and different thing. In 1870, when our Constitution was written, and throughout the history of this State, down to the year 1898, the value of property upon which taxes were to be extended, meant its full, fair, cash value, that is to say, the amount it would bring at a fair, voluntary, bona fide sale, and the law required the assessors to set down on their li5ts that full, fair, cash value as a basis for the extension of taxes, State and municipal. But the assessors in fact never obeyed this mandate of the law, but violated it openly, flagrantly and in the wholesale, by returning values rarely as high as 50 per cent. of the true value, and often as low as, if not lower than, 15 per cent. of the true value, as the full, fair, cash value of property for taxation, and making oath to the returns. The people, except the school teachers of Chicago in 1900 (State Board of Equalization vs. The People, ex rel. Catharine Goggin, et al., 191 Ill., 528), and all Departments of the Government have always winked at this notorious and wholesale violation of law by our assessors. (Bureau County vs. C. B. & Q. R. R. Company, 44 Ill., 229). When this customary wholesale violation of law by our assessors is kept in mind, and, as Mr. Medill said in his speech in the Constitutional Convention in support of this limitation on the amount of municipal indebtedness, "We are foolish if we lay this out of view," it becomes at once apparent that, if our constitutional limitation upon the amount of municipal indebtedness has become inconvenient for Chicago, the fault does not inhere in, or flow from, anything in the Constitution. The speech of Mr. Medill, above referred to, expounds this constitutional limitation upon the amount of municipal indebtedness, and its operation in practice, with great lucidity, and completely demonstrates, that, under it, if a way can be found to compel our assessors to just stop making solemn oath to falsehoods, so gross that they are regarded merely as innocent contributions to the gaiety of the people, and to at least approximate to the simple truth, about the true value of taxable property, the most "craving appetite" for municipal debt can be satisfied. (See I Debates in C. C., page 840; 2 Debates, page 126o) . In considering the operation in practice of the original limitation, it should also be remembered, that that limitation prohibits the running of a municipal debt for a longer period than twenty years, and requires the municipality to levy a direct annual tax sufficient to pay the annual interest on the debt, and to provide a sinking fund to pay the principal of the debt at the end of twenty years. The principle of this provision is, that each generation should pay �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 25 the debts that it incurs. It is believed, that Chicago has not always conformed to that principle, and that, while its authorities have always levied and collected the said direct annual tax, yet, until Mr. Kerfoot became Comptroller, they always spent the money arising from the tax, that should have gone into sinking funds, for current expenses. The inevitable result has been refunding, or the issue of new bonds when outstanding bonds matured. Under such an administration of a municipality's power to borrow money, that is to say, borrowing and never paying, any limitation upon the amount that may be borrowed is bound to become inconvenient in time. It should also be noticed, that the amounts in the sinking funds may be deducted from the aggregate amount of outstanding indebtedness in a calculation to determine whether a municipality has reached its constitutional debt limit (Stone v. Chicago, 207 Ill., 492, sro). In the year 1898, the now familiar divisor-five feature made its appearance in our tax law. Under that feature of our tax law the assessor must set down in one column the full, fair, cash value of property under the denomination "full value," divide by five, and set down the quotient in another column under the denomination "assessed value," and the taxes are to be extended upon this assessed value, and not upon the said full value. February 20, 190r, in Chicago v. Fishburn, r8g Ill., 367, the Supreme Court decided that, under this divisor five feature of our tax law, the word "value" in the said limitation of the Constitution on the amount of municipal indebtedness means the assessed value, and not the full value, shown on the assessors' lists. This Amendment reverses, or, rather, attempts to reverse, that decision, so far as Chicago is concerned, and says that, in the case of this city, the said word "value" may, if the General Assembly and the people of Chicago so will, mean the full value, leaving it to mean the assessed value, so far as all other municipal corporations in the State are concerned. But if the General Assembly should repeal this divisor five feature of our tax law, and that body clearly has the power so to do, what would become of this part of this Amendment? Would not its bottom drop out? Would it not cease to have any force or effect, for lack of a subject or object upon which to operate? The precise and exact legal effect de facto of this Amendment then, so far as the amount of Chicago's municipal indebtedness is . concerned, and so long as the divisor five feature remains in our tax law, is to make it possible for the word "value" in the constitutional limitation to mean one thing in the case of Chicago, th'a t is "full value," and another thing, that is "assessed value," in the case of all other municipal corporations in the State. But, as above stated, �26 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. it must be remembered that this Amendment amends the Constitu- tion in this particular only so long as the present law remains in force and effect. It is believed that no other instance can be found in the history of the making and changing of written Constitutions of a constitutional limitation upon the legislative power of the legislature, which the legislature itself may, of its own will, set aside and render inoperative and of no force and effect by the simple and ordinary legislative process of the repeal of a statute. It may not be improper here to notice the practical workings of our present tax law. The State Board of Equalization concedes officially that, in the exercise of its power to assess "capital stock" and "railroad track," it sets down in the full value column only about 70 per cent. of the true value of those kinds of taxable property, and the Board justifies this administration of the tax law on the ground that, in its judgment, and the law requires the Board to form a judgment upon the matter as a basis for the exercise of its equalizing powers, the local a5sessors all over the State set down about 70 per cent. of the true value of property as its full value. If the State Board of Equalization is right in this, then it follows, that State and municipal taxes are, under our present law, extended upon an assessed value of property which is only r4 per cent. of its true value, and the constitutional limit upon the amount of indebtedness that may be incurred by a municipality is, therefore, in fact, 5 per cent of 14 per cent. of the true value of the taxable property within its limits. When, in addition, it is remembered that the law sets a limitation upon the rate per cent. to be applied to the assessed value of property to produce the revenue needed to meet the appropriations for local municipal purposes, is it to be wondered at if, upon examination, it turned out to be literally true, that the municipal governments in some portions of the State really do lack sufficient money to adequately and efficiently perform the duties imposed upon them by the State? Is it not then fair to ask these questions: Have the General Assembly and the assessors, in their praiseworthy zeal to reduce taxes, overlooked, or been indifferent to, the unavoidable financial needs of the Government, State and municipal? Is not a reduction of taxes too costly, if the price paid must be an impairment of the efficiency of the Government? What difference does it make to the taxpayers of Chicago, now apparently willing, desirous and eager to have Chicago enter the market as a heavy borrower of money, whether they pay the additional direct annual taxes that must be levied and collected to pay the annual interest on the amount borrowed, and the principal itself at the end of twenty years (and it must always be remembered that all the coercive powers of the courts, State and Federal, are at the �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 27 disposal of a lender of money to Chicago to compel the levy and collection of such direct annual taxes), or whether they pay the same amount of additional taxes annually into the treasury of Chicago to be used in paying the annual corporate expenses of Chicago? Which is the better rule for Chicago, to borrow money with which to pay its bills, or to pay its bills as it goes along, using its power to borrow money sparingly? But the only point here sought to be enforced, however, is that the Constitution of the State is not at fault, if Chicago is not able to go as deeply into debt as it desires, and, hence, that this Amendment of the Constitution was not needed in order to enable Chicago to create more indebtedness. Any wish Chicago may have to borrow money can be easily gratified by the ordinary legislative process of passing a new tax law, and the ordinary administrative process of a correct and lawful administration of that law by the assessors. Does the substitution above mentioned of the disjunctive phrase "Either for State or Municipal purposes" in this Amendment, for the conjunctive phrase, "State and County taxes" in the body of the Constitution, work any material change in the constitutional limitation on the amount of municipal indebtedness? It could do so, plainly, only in the event that the assessment for State taxes differed from the assessment for county taxes, and in the further event, that the assessment for Cook County's taxes differed from the assessment for Chicago's taxes. It is true, that there is nothing in the Constitution requiring the State, county and city taxes to be extended upon the same assessment of property in Chicago. The taxes of each of said governmental bodies politic may at any time, so far as the Constitution is concerned, be extended upon entirely different assessments. Since the law of April IO, r9or (Session Laws, r9or, page 271), county and city taxes must be e~tended upon the assessment of the local assessors, and State taxes upon the assessment of the local assesso rs as equalized by the State Board of Equalization. Under said law, and under the said conjunctive phrase, "State and county taxes," in order to determine whether Chicago has reached the constitutional limit on the amount of its indebtedness, must one take the equalized assessment for State taxes, or the assessment of the local assessors for county and city taxes? If the said two assessments differ, obviously both cannot be taken. Can either be taken, or must the assessment for city and county taxes only be taken? For the purpose of determining the legal effect of the substitution of said disjunctive phrase, "for State or municipal purposes," it is not necessary to answer the question. It is enough to say that both assessments cannot be taken. And, therefore, it would seem to follow, that the con- �28 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. junctive phrase "State and county taxes" is really disjunctive, and means "State or county taxes." But if the General Assembly should authorize one assessment of property in Chicago for State taxes, another assessment thereof for Cook County's taxes, and still another assessment thereof for Chicago's taxes, as it may do, even without this amendment, then, in that event, in applying the original limitation on the amount of Chicago's indebtedness, which assessment should be taken, in order to determine whether Chicago had reached its limit? Does the said conjunctive phrase, "for State and county taxes," exclude from the calculation the said assessment for ~hicago's taxes? Concede that it does, then it follows, that the substitution of this disjunctive phrase only amounts to this, namely, either it permits said assessment for Chicago's taxes to be used in the calculation, or it requires that assessment to be used exclusively, even though the assessment for State taxes, and the assessment for Cook County's taxes, might be greater in amount. But on that view, is this Amendment of very much importance? Conceding that much may be said in favor of a plan of taxation which would completely divorce the assessment of property for State taxes from its assessment for all local, corporate taxes, because the extension of the State taxes on the local assessments throughout the State always has, and does now, place before the local assessors throughout the State one of the greatest of their many temptations to undervalue property within their jurisdiction, namely, to help their constituents to escape their just share of taxation for State purposes, yet is there any strong practical reason for the passage of a law requiring Cook County's taxes and Chicago's taxes to be extended upon different assessments of property in Chicago? It would seem not, and, as above stated, until such law is passed, the said change, if any, wrought in our fundamental organic law by the substitution of the disjunctive phrase, ."either for State or municipal purposes," for the conjunctive phrase, "State and county taxes," cannot come into play and action. But it is by no means certain, that there is any difference between the phases, "for State and county taxes" and "either for State or municipal purposes," other than a difference in words. When the object aimed at by the framers of the Constitution is kept in mind, and when the Revenue Article of the Constitution is considered in all its parts, it seems not unreasonable to say that, when the framers of the Constitution used the phrase, "for State and county taxes," they had in mind the two great purposes for which taxes are levied, viz: State purposes, and local corporate, or municipal, purposes, and the possibility that the General Assembly might, at some time, pro- �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 29 vide for the extension of taxes levied for these purposes upon different assessments. It is believed, that the expression, "county taxes,'' was not, in 1870, an unusual colloquialism used to designate all local corporate, or municipal, taxes, as distinguished from State taxes. III. To sum up: On the view that this new Amendment, on its true construction and interpretation, operates to take Chicago out from under all the limitations of the Constitution, by permitting the General Assembly, with the consent of the electors of Chicago, to legislate upon any subject embraced within the general legislative topic of local municipal government in Chicago, except the subject of street railroads, in utter disregard of each and every constitutional restriction or limitation upon the · legislative power of the General Assembly, it seems impossible to sustain this Amendment. Then, if that view is rejected as untenable, this new Amendment at the most amends only three Articles of the Constitution in very slight, wholly unsubstantial and unimportant, ways, permitting the General Assembly; (I) to confine the privilege of electing to live under a scheme or charter of local government framed by the General Assembly to the electors of one city in the State, to-wit, Chicago; (2) to abolish, with the consent of the electors of Chicago, the names "justice of the peace" and "constable" in Chicago; (3) to enable only one city in the State to-wit, Chicago, so long as the divisor five feature of our tax law remains unrepeated, to contract indebtedness, including existing indebtedness, to the amount of five per cent. of the full value of taxable property in Chicago, such full value to be ascertained by the last assessment, "either for State or municipal purposes," previous to the incurring of any indebtedness. The Amendment proceeds upon a misapprehension of the true meaning of the constitutional phrase "local or special laws" as applied to the subject of local government, and upon a misapprehension of the true meaning and practical operation of the constitutional limitation on the amount of municipal indebtedness. The said changes in our fundamental organic law, wrought by this Amendment, however slight, insignificant, unsubstantial and unimportant they may be for all practical purposes of government, are yet probably of sufficient force to bring this new Amendment into an encounter before the Supreme Court with the constitutional prohibition that the General Assembly shall have no power to propose Amendments to more than one Article of this Constitution at the same session. It seems entirely probable that the Supreme Court may declare this Amendment, and, consequently, all acts of the General Assembly based thereon, unconstitutional, and, therefore, void. It is possible, also, for the Supreme Court to declari; �30 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. this Amendment void, on the ground of triviality, because it touches, affects and modifies the Constitution in such slight, unimportant and peculiar ways, that, looking at the substance of things, it cannot be regarded as an Amendment of the Constitution at all, within the true spirit of the Article of the Constitution providing for its own Amendment, but comes within the application of the maxim, De minimis non curat lex, the lex being, in this instance, the fundamental organic law of a great State of the United States, and, in the words of the highest authority on such a subject, John Marshall, "In considering this question, then, we must never forget, that it is a Constitution we are expounding" (McCulloch vs. State of Maryland, 4 Wheaton, 316, 407) . This Amendment must be judged by the results produced by its actual operation upon men and things. If it be said, that this Amendment enables the General Assembly to put Chicago into a class by itself, and to give its electors an opportunity to enjoy the benefits of a "modern," "up-to-date" consolidated municipal government, it may be answered, that the General Assembly, before and without this Amendment, had the power to do the same thing, either by the instrumentality of a general local government law with a local option provision, or by the instrumentality of a general act grading the cities of the State into classes for the purpose of local government, the only limitation upon its said power being, that it must extend to the electors of other cities of the State a reasonable opportunity to attain the benefits and privileges held out to the electors of Chicago; if it be said, that this Amendment enables the General Assembly to allow Chicago the privilege of borrowing large amounts of money, it may be answered, that the General Assembly, before and without this Amendment, had the power to do the same thing by the instrumentality of a tax law requiring taxes to be extended upon the "full value" of property, and also requiring the assessors to obey the law; and it may be further answered, that, when it is remembered that all the provisions of the State and Federal Constitutions, in whatever form expressed, operate in law only as restrictions and limitations upon the legislative power of the General Assembly, the provision in this Amendment touching the amount of Chicago's indebtedness is not a constitutional restriction or limitation upon the legislative power of the General Assembly, because that body may disregard it, and render it inoperative, at will; if it be said, that this Amendment enables the General Assembly to help to abolish the names "justice of the peace" and "constable" in Chicago, and makes a referendum provision mandatory or compulsory so far as certain laws affecting the local government of Chicago are concerned, it may be answered by asking the question: Can the Su- • �CHICAGO CHARTER AMENDMENT. 81 preme Court judicially say, that the General Assembly would have proposed, and the electors would have adopted, this Amendment if they knew th<:re was nothing in it except the said provisions affecting justices, constables and the referendum? It seems clear, that said question admits of but one answer, viz: in the negative ( Cooley, Principles of Constitutional Law, Ed. 2, p. 152, Rule 8). It may also be suggested, that it is likely to prove a hard task to persuade the Supreme Court to believe, that this Amendment either extends to any appreciable extent the sphere of the mandatory or compulsory referendum in matters of local government, or adds any appreciable measure to the length or to the strength of the legislative arm of the Government to reach and correct "effectually" abuses, legislative or administrative, in the conduct of the offices of justice of the peace and constable in Cook County and Chicago. Upon any view one may be able to take of the true meaning of this Amendment, it seems quite evident that it is likely to have a stormy passage through the courts, and is in danger of being wrecked in the Supreme Court. A judgment of the Supreme Court declaring said Amendment void would do no harm. It does not, therefore, follow, however, that our representatives in the General Assembly should refuse to pass any laws upon the subjects specifically enumerated in this Amendment, if they think that laws upon said subjects are needed to promote the general good, but they should, on the aforesaid views, in order to avoid a possible miscarriage of justice, refuse to base any laws upon the purported grants of power to the General Assembly contained in this Amendment. The vote in favor of the adoption of said Amendment, even if without any legal significance, as an expression of the will of the electors, is yet of some significance in fact, and may be viewed as an informal mandate from the electors to our representatives in the General Assembly to pass laws upon said enumerated subjects. As above indicated, the General Assembly may obey this mandate, basing its laws entirely upon the Constitution as it stands without this Amendment, the danger of basing a law upon the Amendment being, that the law may be declared void by the Supreme Court, and hence may never take effect. Aside from this danger; the only practic~l difference between laws "based on" the Constitution and laws 'based on" this Amendment is, that the privilege of enjoying the benefits, and the duty of bearing the burdens, of laws based on this Amendment must be confined to the people of Chicago, while a reasonable opportunity to accept both the privilege of enjoying the benefits, and the duty of bearing the burdens, of laws of exactly the same tenor, but based on the Constitution as it stands without this Amendment, must be extended to the people of every city in the State of the same class or grade. �• �DIRECTORY The special announcements of the several departments of the University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAW SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Demi, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF Mus1c, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill., PROF. ARTHUR H. WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, Onarga, Ill., REV. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MR. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REV. CHARLES J. LITTLE, LL. D ., President. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REV. NELS E. SIMONSEN, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REV. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CuMNOCK, L. H. D., Director, Evanston, Ill. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series III, Number 4 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1905 February-April Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 February-April Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES III NUMBER IV Lil E NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW U (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED > . E ...J < E > EOFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO E ( ) PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Evanston Chicago University Faculty Chicago University . NORTI IWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW ( UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED Q UARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF No. SERIES III FEBRUARY APRIL . . THE NEW AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF ILLINOIS CONCERNING THE CHARTER OF CHICAGO • MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered Post Chicago Ill. . PAGE THE NEW AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF ILLINOIS CONCERNING THE CHARTER OF CHICAGO. 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Aside " " Constitution ' " Amendment Amendment Chicago Constitution Amendment State https://plrccollections.org/files/original/efadbdecddc528cc26d58015df3ac560.pdf 6e0ca7f6d3b818d18b6668c7ba6e4aba PDF Text Text SERIES IV AUGUST-OCTOBER, 1905 NUMBER II NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EV AN STON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY :•i: . , Evanston-Chicago The University comprises the following departments of instruction, each having a distinct Faculty: THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, in Evanston, Founded in 1851, opened in 1855. THE MEDICAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE LAW SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 1859. THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, in Chicago, Founded in 1886. THE DENTAL SCHOOL, in Chicago, Founded in 188?'. THE SCHOOL OF MUSIC, in Evanston, Organized in 1895. The following non-degree-conferring departments are maintained by the University: THE ACADEMY, at Evanston, Established in 1860. GRAND PRAIRIE SEMINARY, at Onarga, Illinois, Founded in 1863. THE ELGIN ACADEMY, at Elgin, Illinois, Chartered in 1839, opened in 1856. Garrett Biblical Institute, a theological school authorized by its charter to confer degrees in divinity, is established on its own foundation and under separate management. The buildings of the Institute are on the University campus in Evanston, and the school is in close co-operation with the University. The Norwegian Danish Theological School in Evanston is affiliated with the Institute. The Swedish Theological Seminary is an independent school located on the University campus in Evanston. The Cumnock School of Oratory is conducted on the University campus in Evanston. The Interstate School of Correspondence in Chicago is affiliated with the University, its certificates in academic courses being accepted at their face value toward meeting the entrance requirements in any department. �QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF NO. 2, SERIES IV . .AUGUST-OCTOBER, 1905. I. Page. Chronicles of the Law School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Change in Faculty ......... ... . . ................. 3 2. Library Items.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. International Law Prize Fund . . ........ . . .... ... . 3 4. Annual Banquet of the Alumni Association June 15. 5. Commencement Exercises June 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. list of Addresses in the Course on Legal Tactics for 1905-1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. Legal Advice Clubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. 3 4 7 9 Address on The Acquisition and Retention of a Clientage by Frank Asbury Johnson, Esq., President of the Chicago Bar Association 1903-1904 .. ....... . ............. 10 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright 1905, by Northwestern University. Entered at the Post-office at Chicago, Ill., as Second-class matter. ��I. CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 1. Ohange in Facult'>}. Professor Charles Cheney Hyde has resigned from the courses in Commercial Paper and Carriers and these subjects have been assigned to Professor Louis M. Greeley in addition to the courses in Conveyancing and Mortgages hitherto conducted by him. Professor Greeley will remove his office to the Law School and may be found there continuously after S'eptember 25th. 2. l.,ibrary Items. Through a ·generous cash donation by one of its graduates the School has been enabled to materially increase the library during the summer. The additions will be chiefly in English and American Reports and will include duplicate sets of Illinois Supreme and Appellate Reports and United States Supreme Court Reports. Nearly one thousand bound volumes have been added to the Gary Library of Continental Jurisprudence. A representative of the Law School is visiting and investigating the law libraries of Northern Europe with a view of determining further additions necessary to complete the Gary Collection, and in pursuit of such information as will be valuable in building up the Law School Library in general. 3. International Law Prize Fund. Through Professor Hyde the sum of $700.00 has been donated to the School, the income to be awarded as a prize, every two years, for an essay on some subject of Public International Law. 4. Annual Banquet of the Alumni Association. The Annual Banquet of the Alumni Association was held in the Assembly Room of Northwestern University Building on the evening of June 8, the first time in the history of the School that this function has b·een held in a University building. A reception in the Law School quarters preceded the serving of the dinner, at which Thomas M. Hoyne, Esq., President of the Association, presided. After the dinner had been served, interesting speeches were delivered by President Hoyne, '66; Hon. Edgar B. Tolman, '82, counsel for the corporation of Chicago; Hon. George A. Dupuy, '82, Judge of the Superior Court of Cook County; Hon. Robert E. Pendarvis, '87, chairman of the Chicago Charter Legis- 3 �4 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. lation Committee of the Forty-seventh General Assembly; Dr . Thomas F. Holgate, Acting President of the University; Richard Lee Boggs, Esq., '05, and Hon. Oliver H. Horton, '63. The Nominating Committee reported the following nominations and the ticket as reported was unanimously elected: President, Thomas J. Holmes, '85. First Vice-President, Robert E. Pendarvis, '87. Second Vice-President, James R. Mann, '81. Third Vice-President, James B. Rockafellow, '75. Fourth Vice-President, Alvin H. Culver, '95. Secretary, Jerome J. Cermak, '02. Treasurer, Otto R Barnett, '88. 5. Commencement Exercises. The forty-seventh annual Commencement exercises of the University were held at the Auditorium, Chicago, on Thursday, June 15. The Commencement address was given by Bishop Wm. F. McDowell. The total number of degrees conferred was as follows: Master of Arts, Science, or Letters, 22; Bachelor of Arts, Science, or Letters, 117; Doctors of Medicine, 144; Bachelors of Laws, 56; Pharmaceutical Graduates and Chemists, 110; Doctors of Dental Surgery, 215; Graduates in Music, 5. One student from the Law School, Otto Gustaf Ryden, received a Master's Degree, and 8 students from the Law School-Max Murdock, Elmer Francis Blu, Fred Landin McKinney, Albert Henry Nash, Frank Oscar Smith, Horace Greeley S-mith, George Marsden Stevens, and Royal Andrew Willson, received a Bachelors' Degree from the College of Liberal Arts. The Cal-laghan Prize, for the highest scholarship throughout the entire law course, was awarded to Rex Mackenzie. The Towle Prizes for proficiency in public speaking were awarded as follows: First prize, William Harrison Haight; second prize, Charles Edward Swanson. The Mitchell Davis Follansbee Prize for the best thesis on the subject of "Legal Ethics," was awarded to Norris Burt Cline. The names of the recipients of the degree of Bachelor of Laws are as follows: Banning, Walker. Bartlett, Josiah Caief, A. B., Harvard University. Barnes, George Cuyler. Bell, Eugene Wllitman, B. S., Northwestern University. Boggs, Richard Lee. �CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Barnham, Frederic, A. B., Yale University. Casebeer, Arthur Josiah. Coman, Warren Eugene, Kansas Normal College. Capron, Clyde, A. B., University of Illinois. Clark, Robert Burns. Cline, Norris Burt. Combs, Ben. Dillard, Jesse Richard, A. B., Livingstone College. Dobbins, David Cleveland. Eggert, Alfred Robert. Eppstein, Aaron Rudolph, University of Chicago. Ewen, Wm. R. T., Jr. Fifer, Ernest Reynolds, B. S. , Northern Indiana Normal College. Freeark, Frederick Aaron, A. R., Harva.l'il TTnivPrsity. French, Howard Preston. Fulton, Louis Reginald, A. B. , Knox College. Herman, Charles Jacob. Howser, Roy Elrod, Simpson College. Kagy, David Dudley, B. A., Findlay College. Lewis, Harry Che·s ter. Lighthall, Henry Schuyler. Linker, Myer. Ludolph, Clarence A. Lynde, Cornelius, A. B., Williams College. Mackenzie, Rex, A. R., PrincP.ton TTniv<'rsi t y. Martin, Harry Alvin. Meusel, Oscar Moretz. Muller, Bernard Peter, LL. B., Northern Indiana Law School. Murdock, Max, A. B., Northwestern University. Oldfield, William A., A. R., NorthwP.stPl·n TrnivP.rsity. Otjen, William John. Osborn, Harold Sayre, A. B., Williams College. 5 �6 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Ott, John Nash, A. B., AmbPrst CollPgP. Penhallow, Arthur Lincoln, A. B., Harvard University. Perrill, George Andrew, R. S .. Kansas WP.slP.yan TJnivP.rsitv. Potter, Delos Demont, Kansas College. Quitman, Walter. Robinson, Charles Henry. Rosenblum, Harry Moses. Ryden, Otto Gustaf, Pb. B., NortbwP.stPrn TJniversity. Sadler, Monte Hanauer. Sargent, Jean Feni. Schmitt, Felix Harold. Scheiner, Frank Henry, Pb. B., Northwestern University. Schultis, Charles Rooney, A. B., St. Francis Solanus College. Stratton, Frank Stephen. Strickland, Amos Aaron. Stowe, Herman Wilmer, B. S., Northwestern University. Waltmire, George, UJSiversity of Ohio. Ward, Charles Ambrose. Webb, Samuel Edwin. �II. LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR 1905-06. (Fourth Annual Series.) All addresses are given on Monday evenings, in Hurd Hall of the Law School, third floor, Northwestern University Building, Lake and Dearborn streets, and begin promptly at eight o'clock. All persons interested in the practice of the law are invited to attend the lectures. No fee is charged. Oct. 9. A cquisition and Retention of a Olientage. Frank J . Loesch, Esq. (of the firm of Loesch Brothers & Howell, Counsel for the Pennsylvania Railroad). Oct. 16. The Practice Acts of Illinois. Keene H . Addington, Esq. (Joint Editor of Jones & Addington's Supplement to Starr & Curtis Annotated Statutes of Illinois). Oct. 23. Municipal Contracts and Securities . Chester B. Masslich, Esq. (Attorney for Farson, Leach & Co.). Oct. 30. The Work of a General Attorney for a Corporation or Business House. James C. McMath, Esq. (General Attorney for the International Harvester Co.). Nov. 6. Railroad Litigation. Robert J. Cary, Esq. (of the firm of Glennon, Cary, & Walker, Attorneys for the Lake Shore Railway). Nov. 13. P ersonal Injury Practice. Andrew J. Hirsch!, Esq. (of the firm of Rosenthal, Kurz & Hirsch!). Nov. 20. Appellate Court Practice. Edwin W. Moore, Esq. Nov. 27. Drawing Judicial Decrees. Geo. A. Carpenter, Esq. (of the firm of Pence & Carpenter). Dec. 4. Practice Under Board of Trade and Stock Exchange Rules. George P. Merrick, Esq. (ol:' the firm of Merrick & Ramsay). Dec. 11. Preparat ion of a Case for Trial. Edwin M. t..shcraft, Esq. (President of the Chicago Bar Association 19011902). 7 �BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. 8 Dec. 18. Dec. Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Theodore K. Long, Esq. ( General Counsel for the Illinois Life Insurance Company). 25. (Christmas Recess. No Address.) 1. (Christmas Recess. No Address.) 8. Abstracts of Title and Conveyancing Practice. Abram M. Pence, Esq. ( of the firm of Pence & Carpenter). 15. Banking and Trust Company Practice. William S. Miller, Esq. (Attorney for the Northern Trust Company.) 22. Methods of Keeping and Using Public Records. Abel Davis, Esq. (County Recorder for Cook County). 29. Ways and Manners of Judges. Edward M. Winston, Esq. 5. Federal Practice. Charles B. Keeler, Esq. (Assistant General Solicitor Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway) . 12. Practice Before Masters in Chancery. Victor M. Elting, Esq. (Master in Chancery, Superior Court). 19. Practice Before Police Magistrates. John R. Caverly, Esq. (Chicago City Police Magistrate). 26. Practice Under the Federal Customs Laws. William Brace, Esq. ( of the firm of Defrees, Brace & Ritter). 5. Bankruptcy Practice. Frank L. Wean, Esq. (Referee in Bankruptcy for the Federal Court). 12. Prosecution Uncler Municipal Orclinances. George H. Kriete, Esq. (Assistant Prosecuting Attorney for Chicago). 19. The RevisecZ City Cocle of Chicago. Roswell B. Mason, Esq. (Compiler Revised Chicago Code). 26 . Practice Uncler the New Municipal Court A.ct. Hiram T. Gilbert, Esq. Life and Benefit Insurance. �III. LEGAL ADVICE CLUBS. Alumni of the School are invited to send in statements of facts of live cases in their office on which a brief will be submitted by members of the Senior Class working under the direction of an instructor. Facts should be submitted as far ahead of the date on which the brief is desired as possible. The course is designed to give practical training to the students, credit is allowed as for class-room courses, and it is believed that the results will be of increasing value to the Alumni; but to accomplish this students should be given ample time to work up their briefs since they are obliged while doing so, to keep up their regular studies in the school. The Law School opens September 25th and the Senior Class will be organized for work in this course by October 1st. Case statements should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School and should be made up as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Na11i e ancl Class. Office Adclress. Date of Sending. Last Date for Desirecl Answer. Statement of Facts. Precise Kind of Advice Desirecl. (ALL CASE STATEMENTS SHOULD BE FORWARDED IN TRIPLICATE.) 9 �IV. THE ACQUISITION AN D RETENTION OF A CLIENT AGE. BY FRANK ASBURY JOHNSON, ESQ., (P.resident of the Chicago Bar Association 1903-04.) An address delivered in Booth I-Iall, JJ[onday, October 21, 1904, in the coui·se on Legal Tactics. When your Dean invited me to address you upon the topic of the Acquisition and Retention of a Clientage, I admitted to him, in writing, that I knew nothing concerning the acquisition of clients, as those I have had during the past thirty-three years sim· ply came to me, or were sent by friends or by other clients. I do not now recall that I ever acquired one myself; but I do remember that one gentleman rode with me on an Illinois Central train several times each week for about five years, and finally inquired in what business I was engaged! A matter admitted does not usually require proof, buts another instance may be mentioned. My better half, who has lived with me over thirty years, and in Chicago, was stopped upon the street on her way to my office, by a woman who inquired whether she knew a reliable lawyer in Chicago, and she promptly replied that she knew several, and immediately glanced at signs on opposite office windows and said: "There is Mr. Blank's office. I am acquainted with him, and he is a reliable lawyer." When she entered my office the familiar cases of books recalled to her the fact that her husband was engaged in the practice of law. It was not deemed advisable to inquire whether she deemed him reliable. The subject as framed might include a consideration of the means sometimes employed in Chicago for the acquisition of clients, by advertising in newspapers, by employing agents to hover about police stations to learn promptly of accidents by which personal injuries are sustained, to follow the injured to 10 �ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENTAGE. 11 hospitals-called ambulance-chasing- and to secure the execution of contracts for the institution and prosecution of suits for the recovery of damages, upon contingent fees,-by contracts made with physicians and surgeons whereby they become agents for attorneys in such cases, as well as valuable witnesses in relation to the nature and extent of the injuries sustained by the patient and client, and also the practice of investigating suits brought each day, obtaining the names and addresses of defendants, writing to them and tendering services. Many clients are obtained in the manner indicated, but all such means are r egarded as grossly unprofessional, and are mentioned only to be avoided. What the subject really involves is consideration of the proper and professional means by which clients may be acquired, and th en how they may be retained; and it may be safely predicted that the proper course pursued to acquire clients will at the same time greatly aid in retaining them. Clients are all human beings. Some manage what are sometimes called soulless corporations. But we deal with men and women, and therefore the first essential is acquaintance, and that should be constantly extended. This acquaintance with people may properly be acquired by membership in clubs, college fraternities, churches, bar associations, political organizations, local organizations for civic improvement, and by taking an active part in all effective movements for better local government and administration-in brief, by becoming an earnest and active American citizen in the broadest sense, a champion of good government and honest administration, and not a mere selfish hunter for clients and fees. One must first become a good citizen before he becomes a good law yer worthy of clientage; for upon the bar must the people rely for good and constitutional legislation, and for proper administration of the law. By correspondence or otherwise, keep up your acquaintance with your early school and college mates, whether or not they were your personal friends , and inform them of your location and vocation. Cultivate assiduously a retentive m ~mory of faces and names, so that, when you again meet a person to whom you have once been introduced, you will promptly recognize him and address him by name. The acquisition of this power is of supreme importance, and it is so rare that it will give you an inestimable advatage. The one so addressed regards it a personal compliment, and also as evidence of your strength of mind, and of your personal interest in hin as an individual man among multi- �12 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. tudes. It will also create in him an interest in you. No one accomplishment, in my opinion, will contribute so largely to your success in extending acquaintance, and in acquisition of clients. Perhaps you may be best aided by some suggestions as to the scope and range of the profession in the affairs of life and your duties towards clients. The law has ever been classed as one of the learned professions, and in that connection the mind at once includes scientists, physicians, linguists, and clergymen, and we readily mark the ordinary boundaries of the life of each class; but one is bold who will attempt to define, or even conceive of, the range a conscientious lawyer must take during his professional life. Astonishing, but I believe true, is the proposition that there is nothing in the arts, trades and sciences, or that relates to human character, action or affairs, that a lawyer can afford not to know. It may be stated that there is nothing of good or of evil that he can afford not to know, as, knowing the evil, he is better prepared for combat. In the ordinary course of a long practice a lawyer is practically sure of being able to use, in some way, all the knowledge he has ever acquired, and above all others the profession and practice of law calls for universal knowledge. The minister prepares his sermon in the quiet and seclusion of his study, delivers it to a congregation of those who listen only and can not question any theories or propositions advanced; the physician passes his life in chambers and hospitals ministering to the sick and dying as best he may; and the scientist usually confines his efforts in narrow, though important, fields of human activity. Who would have the temerity to fix the bounds of the work of a lawyer? He is frequently required to avail himself of the knowledge of the physician, the surgeon, and the scientist, and apply that knowledge to the affairs of his clients. In one case he must have an extensive knowledge of the human anatomy and the nerve system, in another of the effects of certain medicines, in another of the operation of machinery, in others of architecture, the consecutive steps in building construction, of the customs of trade, of means of ·transportation, and sources of supply. As the representative of a manufacturing company he should become as familiar with its resources, its methods and course of business, as the manager-become, in fact, an assistant manager. A lawyer's vocation is not one in which kid gloves, a monocle, and twirling cane are appropriate indicia, but is rather one in which he has acquired, or should acquire, as much as possible of the practical knowledge each particular client has in relation to �ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENT AGE. 13 the business in which he is engaged. Expel the idea that to be professional you must indicate ignorance of mechanics, or of matters generally known by mechanical workers; instead, endeavor to learn all each client knows about his own business; and then learn more than he knows, and aid him by your superior knowledge. A Yankee lawyer who can not successfully use mechanical tools has lost an important part of his birthright. When you are retained in a case for a mechanic's lien, become familiar with the plans, specifications and contract, with the meaning of all the technical terms used, the orderly course of construction, the times for the necesary delivery of materials,- in brief, become a builder, and in every case, as nearly as possible, acquire a thorough practical knowledge of the matters involved; and always remember that the evidence is the most important part of a record. The proper drawing out and presentation of the evidence requires this practical knowledge. An illustrative instance may be given. Upon my arrival in Chicago in the fall of 1869, I became a clerk of a firm of wealthy lawyers, one of whom was building several houses. A painting contractor brought in a bill for about $1,500 for extra work and material involved in a change in specifications from graining to white polish finish of certain rooms. I heard discussions, and later, the unwilling decision to pay the bill, and I then informed my employer that I had some practical knowledge of the matter, and obtained the contract, specifications and bill, and made an estimate of work and material required by the contract, step by step, and then in like manner for the work actually done and materials used. A few days afterward the contractor again called and was sent into my room, when I went over the work again, obtaining his assent at each step, and both arrived at the inevitable conclusion that the work done was worth about $250 less than the work specified in the contract, and that he had been overpaid that amount. In the event of a suit, a successful cross-examination would have required the practical knowledge used in making that settlement. You may safely follow the example of th e venerable white-haired judge who now ranks all others in this state in length of service, in his wide practical, as well as technical, knowledge, and his habits of observation. Whenever he sees a machine or article new to him he will stop, investigate and learn all about its use and construction, and it has rarely happened that he has been obliged to ask explanations by a mechanical or other expert witness. Your clients are entitled to aemana of you thorough prepara- �14 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. tion. For the trial of a cause this involves a most careful examination into the facts as they will probably be established by evidence, then the statute, if any, applying to the particular facts, and, lastly, of the common law and decisions of the courts in similar cases. This order of procedure in making preliminary investi- gations is deliberately stated. The ascertainment of facts and the legal means of establishing those facts is of primary and controlling importance, as only to ascertain facts is the law applied. Here the interests of the client and the attorney's duty toward the court require most careful and extensive investigation and briefing of authorities, that all the law upon the particular point involved may be presented to the court. Your clients are entitled to the application of all your time, your best thought, and the exercise of all your powers. The law is a jealous mistress, and clients are jealous masters, and rightfully. By this statement a large field of action is covered. It involves the fact that you can not successfully carry on the practice of law, and at the same time have your mind employed in business or speculative schemes for making money. When the mind is held to the affairs of clients entrusted to you, new points and views unfold to you in a startling manner, in all your wakeful hours, and under unaccountable circumstances. Flashes of light seem to break in upon sensitized films of the mind, to clearly record and fix your newest thought, and to print them for filing in the cabinet of memory. WheR you drop the client's burdens which you have assumed, enter the field of money-making, and invest your savings in speculative enterprises, you rob your clients of your thought and time, which belong to them, and may con· tinue oR that course until you rob them of their money. Flight from the country and the suicide's grave are the natural results of departure from your clear duties. Over the door of every temple of justice should be carved the motto: "Abandon hope of wealth, all ye who enter here." To the statement that clients are entitled to the exercise of ,all your powers, it may be added that they are entitled to have those powers maintained at their highest point of efficiency, The practice of law in many respects resembles the life of a commanding soldier. It is a life of continual contest and preparation for contest. It demands that the body be kept in the most vigorous con· dition to endure the nervous strain of work through many days, and late into successive nights. The boundaries between days and nights, week-days and Sundays, must at times be lost in the allabsorbing contests. There are many battles of Liaoyang in the �ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENTAGE. 15 practice of law in which endurance is tested to its limits. In these contests, dissipated weaklings drop by the wayside, and the tireless succeed in command. To perform his full duty toward his clients, the lawyer must keep his body in perfect condition by proper physical exercise and good personal habits. An addled brain and a weak stomach, resulting from a night of debauch, brand him as a traitor to his clients, as surely as a self-inflicted disabling wound by the soldier during battle marks him a traitor to his country. To maintain the best physical and mental condi· tion it is necesary to avoid other bars and to confine yourself to appearance before the bars of the courts. At the present time there is no difficulty in Chicago in distinguishing one from the other,-though up to a few years ago, when masses congregated before the bars of our courts with hats in hand and lighted cigars between their fingers, a mistake might easily have been made. That your clients may have your best service you must so manage your private affairs as to be free from any anxiety and care. This requires that you avoid indebtedness, live within your income, and save something each year. They are also entitled to Upon the re· ceipt of money for them, Immediately terminate the trust arising from that situation by making delivery to the owner, together with your bill . With every client have a definite agreement as to your rate of compensation for services, and render frequent statements. Frequent settlements make long friends. An ideal course of practice would eliminate the subject of compensation; yet few men of wealth have the energy required to carry on a successful practice. The work is done by those who must require compensation, and adequate compensation is the danger point-a rock on which there are many wrecks. More than fifty per cent. of the complaints made to a committee of the Chicago Bar Association, charging unprofessional conduct, have their base in contentions relating to the value of services rendered. By definite agreement you will avoid this danger, and will be free to devote all of your thought to the work of your clients, and to consider only their interests. When possible, it is important to hava frequent consulations with your clients, and to keep them fully informed of the work you are doing, of what you regard as the pivotal point in a case. and of the results of your investigation of the law. In that way they will learn the nature of the service you perform, the care and thought you bestow, the preparation you must make before the prompt service performed in a business-like way. �16 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. first gun is fired in the opening battle. Clients so informed are not likely to contest your charges. They remain your friends , and advertise your merits. Ninety-five out of every hundred disputes as to adequate compensation arise out of an inadequate conception of the labor performed and the time necessarily consumed. In some cases it is necessary to insist that your client shall join in your daily work and share in the responsibility. I recall one of that kind in which an officer of a corporation was my attendant in the taking of a large number of depositions, in every preliminary proceeding In court, and during the entire hearing In court. He also studied with intelligent care the lengthy brief and argument prepared, and knew the necessity for, and the nature of, the work done each day. Through him my final bill was promptly paid, and I was then presented with a check for a handsome bonus. Another suggestion is that you rely upon hard and continuous work, and not on oratory. The intelligence of American citizens has reached a stage of development where they can calmly consider the facts and the law applicable to those facts, and can not be swayed by finely rounded periods. They take such displays as Fourth of July pyrotechnics, and are simply entertained. The legal career of this oratorical display-lawyer is not unlike that of the rocket. He rises rapidly with great noise and display, then explodes and disappears. There is no calling in life in which "good horse sense" is in better demand and in which modesty is more appropriate. If the Jaw can be regarded as an exact science, the practice and application of Jaw can not be regarded as productive of certain result. We know definitely the law applicable to a particular state of facts when the highest court of appeal has affirmed a judgment or decree, and has denied a petition for rehearing. Duties to your clients and to the courts require that you be diligent and exact-diligent in your search for authorities and exact in your statement to the court of what they contain; and here we meet the most severe test to which a lawyer is subjected. The judge is presumed to know the law. As a fact we know that he can not know all the law applicable to all of the cases heard by him, and a most important part of our duty to clients and the court is to gather and present to the court the authorities on which we rely. There are times when these duties seem to conflict. You have examined the decisions apparently both for and against the legal theory for which you contend, and it develops upon argument that your adversary has been negligent and is ill �ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENTAGE. 17 prepared. To your knowledge there are decisions which he should present, but of which he is not informed. You may argue, in your own mind, that you were employed to ascertain the law on your side of the case, and that it was the duty of your adversary to learn and present the conflicting authorities, and that by doing what he should have done you are helping your adversary to the injury of your own client. You then, on the contrary, reflect on your duty to the court to aid the court in ascertaining the law. Yet it is but a seeming conflict of duties. Your clear duty, both to your client and the court, is to present to the court the apparently conflicting decisions, that all may be considered and a correct decision reached. A litigant is entitled only to what the law allows, and your highest duty is to earnestly aid in the administration of the law as it exists. Another test comes when you have found a section in a clerk-made text-book which states the law exactly as you want it to be, and states it with all the confidence of inexperience and ignorance. Caution has led you to examine with care the cases cited, and you have ascertained that they do not sustain the text. Can you properly present that section to the court as established law, and leave it to your adversary to demonstrate that it is not sustained? There can be but one answer to this question. Your clear duty is to call the attention of the court to the section, state that you have carefully examined the ·citations, and that, in your opinion, they do not sustain the section in the broad and comprehensive language used. This recalls a personal experience of ancient date, when the present law of corporations was in comparative infancy. The bill was based upon a judgment against a corporation, and it was sought to charge stockholders with unpaid subscriptions for stock, and to charge purchasers with amounts unpaid upon their stock. A large number of solicitors represented thl various uefendants, many of them, probably, without adequate compensation. As usual, one took the lead upon argument before the master, and presented a section from a text-book then recently constructed according to plans and specifications, which so stated the law as to make a complete defense. In reply, an analysis of each of the dozen or more cases cited was made, and it appeared that no one of them sustained the text and many of them announced an opposite conculsion. Eternal diligence is the price of success. It is equally important that in your statements to the court, as well as in all other matters, you be exact, and that you state all that is necessary to be known. Judges soon learn upon whom they can safely rely for comprehensive and accurate statements of �18 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. the facts involved ·in decided cases, and of the language used in op1mons. Never argue a view, construction, or application of law which you do not believe to be sound. You are before the bar not only as the representative of your client, but also to aid the court in arriving at a just conclusion in pursuance of law, and the judge appreciates far better than your client the results of your industry. Repeated demonstrations of such service will lead him to mention you in favorable terms, and you may look in vain for better influences. After a few years of practice before a particular judge, he can take your measure in diligence, · accuracy of statement, honesty, and fairness, better than all your clients and friends; and if you have not acquired his good opionion it should be a matter for profound introspection. Remember at all times that interests of clients, and not your own, are the matters to be considered, and when your investigation has resulted in grave doubts of the merits of a case or defense, advise, and even urge, a compromise on a reasonable basis. The limitless range of your work will involve the consideration of unpleasant domestic relations, and places you in a position where the happiness or misery of many lives will depend upon your wise and unselfish action. Years of observation of court proceedings will tend to lead you to the conclusion that there is narrow application for the injuction: "Whom God hath joined together, let no man put asunder." As only the unhappy ones consult you, the tendency of your study of domestic life is more likely to lead yo1,1 to the conclusion that marriage is a purely civil contract, to be continued so long as it seems desirable, and for which the contracting parties only are responsible. Here your legal acquirements are of little avail. Your client first needs you in your capacity as his, or her, best friend. The first and controlling thought must be how you can bring about harmony between them, and enable them to live out a happy married life. All your knowledge of human nature, of the trying times in married life, and of the unhappiness arising from the destruction of homes, should be applied with your utmost skill. No good lawyer e,el' derived satisfaction in reflecting upon divorces he has secured,- · nor a greater joy than in thinking of families continuing to live happily by means of his interposition. You have ·also some affirmative duties devolving upon you. After a few years of practice you will have learned much of human nature, of covetousness, of clever schemes to defraud, of which ordinary clients have no conception. The position of the true law- �ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF' A CLIENTAGE. 19 yer makes him, in a large sense, the guardian of the estates or his clients, and makes it his duty to warn them of danger of loss which they do not suspect but he can clearly forsee. In' !act, many need to be protected against themselves in their desire to add rapidly to their possessions by purchasing mining, oil, and other stocks promising large dividends. A practicing attorney in a large city learns more in a few months of the preconceived fraudulent character of corporations organized for the purpose of selling stocks than the average client learns in a lifetime. In fact, the organizers frequently seek the professional aid of attorneys of good standing to give an appearance of respectability to their business, and in the course of time you will have opportunity to decline to serve in rendering such aid. A most important feature of your professional lives will be your relations to fellow members of the bar. In those relations modesty is appropriate, perfect confidence is generally merited, and hearty good will and brotherhood should be, and generally is, the rule of conduct. Let your conduct be such that your word is as good as your bond with unquestioned security, Make stipulations in writing, to avoid misunderstanding. When made by parol, take care that they are understood; and then faithfully perfrom. It is believed there is no other class of people in the world in which such implicit confidence is mutually bestowed by parol agreements. It is hardly necessary to observe that a lawyer should at all times and places be a gentleman in the best sense of the word. Clients are best served by gentle, manly conduct, even in heated contests, and courts are best aided. Let the general verdict upon you be "A gentleman and a good lawyer." It is practically certain that in any particular instance a good lawyer will gradually develop a special aptitude for, and interest in, some particular line of practice, as the trial of jurycases, or the presentation or defense of chancery cases, between which there is a difference so wide as to frequently prod~ce a perceptible effect upon moral character. It is one of the many glorious features of a lawyer's life that he may not only pursue a branch of practice in which he finds special delight, but that such practice naturally comes to him as an indirect result of special efforts. To the people it may well he said of lawyers: By their works shall ye know them. To you who are about to start in practice it may be said : By your work shall you become known. The subject assigned for this evening was : The acquisition and retention of clientage. The practice of law is a vocation which demands the highest �20 BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. possible degree of confidence on the part of clients in the diligence, skill, learning, vigilance, devotion, honesty and unselfishness of their attorneys. It is a vocation in which that confidence is worthily bestowed. I would, therefore, say: Acquire clients by meriting and gaining that confidence from each one with whom you have dealings. Retain them by so conducting yourselves as to continue to merit that confidence. �DIRECTORY The special announcements of the several departments of th,i University may be had on applications addressed as follows: COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ABTS, The Registrar, University Hall, Evanston, Ill. MEDICAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. LAW SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, The Dean, Northwestern University Bldg,, Chicago. DENTAL SCHOOL, The Secretary, Northwestern University Bldg., Chicago. SCHOOL OF MUSIC, The Secretary, Music Hall, Evanston, Ill. For Information concerning the non-degree conferring departments, address THE ACADEMY, Evanston, Ill. PROF, ABTHUB H . WILDE, PH. D., Acting Principal. GRAND PBAIBIE SEMINARY, Onarga, Ill., R.Ev. FRANK G. BARNES, D. D., President. ELGIN ACADEMY, Elgin, Ill., MB. GEORGE E. SLEIGHT, A. B., Principal. For Information concerning the Theological Schools, address as follows: GABBETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE, REV. CHARLES J . LITTLE, LL. D., President. NORWEGIAN-DANISH SEMINARY, REV. NELS E. SIMONSEN, D. D., Principal. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, REV. ALBERT ERICSON, D. D., President. For information concerning the School of Oratory, address PROF. ROBERT L. CUMNOCK, L. H. D., Director, Evanston, Ill. The Interstate School of Correspondence is located in the Studebaker Building, 378-388 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. �" (ii 1' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series IV, Number 2 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1905 August-October Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 August-October Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES IV AUGUST OCTOBER NUMBER II NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EV AN STON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED LAW OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY • .QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW CONTENTS OF NO. SERIES IV . AUGUST OCTOBER . Page. . Chronicles Law School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change Faculty ......... ... . . ................. . Library Items.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Law Prize Fund . . ........ . . .... ... . . Annual Banquet Alumni Association . . Commencement Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. Addresses Course Legal Tactics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. Legal Advice Clubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV. Address Acquisition Retention Clientage Frank Asbury Johnson Esq. President Chicago Bar Association .. ....... . ............. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Copyright Northwestern University. Entered Post Chicago Ill. Second . . CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. . Ohange Facult'>}. Professor Charles Cheney Hyde Commercial Paper Carriers Professor Louis M. Greeley Conveyancing Mortgages . Professor Greeley Law School S' . . . Items. Through · School . English American Reports Illinois Supreme Appellate Reports United States Supreme Court Reports. Nearly Gary Library Continental Jurisprudence. A Law School Northern Europe Gary Collection Law School Library . . International Law Prize Fund. Through Professor Hyde $ . School Public International Law. . Annual Banquet Alumni Association. Annual Banquet Alumni Association Assembly Room Northwestern University Building School · University . A Law School Thomas M. Hoyne Esq. President Association . After President Hoyne ' Hon. Edgar B. Tolman ' Chicago Hon. George A. Dupuy ' Judge Superior Court Cook County Hon. Robert E. Pendarvis ' Chicago Charter Legis BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Committee Forty General Assembly Dr. Thomas F. Holgate Acting President University Richard Lee Boggs Esq. ' Hon. Oliver H. Horton ' . Nominating Committee President Thomas J. Holmes ' . First Vice President Robert E. Pendarvis ' . Second Vice President James R. Mann ' . Third Vice President James B. Rockafellow ' . Fourth Vice President Alvin H. Culver ' . Secretary Jerome J. Cermak ' . Treasurer Otto R Barnett ' . . Commencement Exercises. Commencement University Auditorium Chicago . Commencement Bishop Wm. F. McDowell. Master Arts Science Letters Bachelor Arts Science Letters Doctors Medicine Bachelors Laws Pharmaceutical Graduates Chemists Doctors Dental Surgery Graduates Music . One Law School Otto Gustaf Ryden Master' Degree Law School Max Murdock Elmer Francis Blu Fred Landin McKinney Albert Henry Nash Frank Oscar Smith Horace Greeley S George Marsden Stevens Royal Andrew Willson Bachelors' Degree College Liberal Arts. Cal Prize Rex Mackenzie. Towle Prizes First William Harrison Haight Charles Edward Swanson. Mitchell Davis Follansbee Prize "Legal Ethics " Norris Burt Cline. Bachelor Laws Banning Walker. Bartlett Josiah Caief A. B. Harvard University. Barnes George Cuyler. Bell Eugene Wllitman B. S. Northwestern University. Boggs Richard Lee. CHRONICLES OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Barnham Frederic A. B. Yale University. Casebeer Arthur Josiah. Coman Warren Eugene Kansas Normal College. Capron Clyde A. B. University Illinois. Clark Robert Burns. Cline Norris Burt. Combs Ben. Dillard Jesse Richard A. B. Livingstone College. Dobbins David Cleveland. Eggert Alfred Robert. Eppstein Aaron Rudolph University Chicago. Ewen Wm. R. T. Jr. Fifer Ernest Reynolds B. S. Northern Indiana Normal College. Freeark Frederick Aaron A. R. Harva. ' TTnivPrsity. French Howard Preston. Fulton Louis Reginald A. B. Knox College. Herman Charles Jacob. Howser Roy Elrod Simpson College. Kagy David Dudley B. A. Findlay College. Lewis Harry Che· . Lighthall Henry Schuyler. Linker Myer. Ludolph Clarence A. Lynde Cornelius A. B. Williams College. Mackenzie Rex A. R. PrincP. TTniv<' . Martin Harry Alvin. Meusel Oscar Moretz. Muller Bernard Peter LL. B. Northern Indiana Law School. Murdock Max A. B. Northwestern University. Oldfield William A. A. R. NorthwP.stPl· TrnivP. . Otjen William John. Osborn Harold Sayre A. B. Williams College. BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Ott John Nash A. B. AmbPrst CollPgP. Penhallow Arthur Lincoln A. B. Harvard University. Perrill George Andrew R. S .. Kansas WP.slP. TJnivP. . Potter Delos Demont Kansas College. Quitman Walter. Robinson Charles Henry. Rosenblum Harry Moses. Ryden Otto Gustaf Sadler Monte Hanauer. Sargent Jean Feni. Schmitt Felix Harold. Scheiner Frank Henry Pb. B. Northwestern University. Schultis Charles Rooney A. B. St. Francis Solanus College. Stratton Frank Stephen. Strickland Amos Aaron. Stowe Herman Wilmer B. S. Northwestern University. Waltmire George University Ohio. Ward Charles Ambrose. Webb Samuel Edwin. II. LIST OF ADDRESSES IN THE COURSE ON LEGAL TACTICS FOR . (Fourth Annual Series.) All Hurd Hall Law School Northwestern University Building Lake Dearborn ' . All . No . Oct. . A Retention Olientage. Frank J . Loesch Esq. ( Loesch Brothers & Howell Counsel Pennsylvania Railroad). Oct. . Practice Acts Illinois. Keene H . Addington Esq. (Joint Editor Jones & Addington' Supplement Starr & Curtis Annotated Statutes Illinois). Oct. . Municipal Contracts Securities . Chester B. Masslich Esq. (Attorney Farson Leach & Co.). Oct. . Work General Attorney Corporation Business House. James C. McMath Esq. (General Attorney International Harvester Co.). Nov. . Railroad Litigation. Robert J. Cary Esq. ( Glennon Cary & Walker Attorneys Lake Shore Railway). Nov. . P Injury Practice. Andrew J. Hirsch! Esq. ( Rosenthal Kurz & Hirsch!). Nov. . Appellate Court Practice. Edwin W. Moore Esq. Nov. . Drawing Judicial Decrees. Geo. A. Carpenter Esq. ( Pence & Carpenter). Dec. . Practice Under Board Trade Stock Exchange Rules. George P. Merrick Esq. ( ' Merrick & Ramsay). Dec. . Preparat Case Trial. Edwin M. .. Esq. (President Chicago Bar Association ). BULLETIN OF THE LAW SCHOOL. Dec. . Life Benefit Insurance. Theodore K. Long Esq. ( General Counsel Illinois Life Insurance Company). Dec. . (Christmas Recess. No Address.) Jan. . (Christmas Recess. No Address.) Jan. . Abstracts Title Conveyancing Practice. Abram M. Pence Esq. ( Pence & Carpenter). Jan. . Banking Trust Company Practice. William S. Miller Esq. (Attorney Northern Trust Company.) Jan. . Methods Keeping Using Public Records. Abel Davis Esq. (County Recorder Cook County). Jan. . Ways Manners Judges. Edward M. Winston Esq. Feb. . Federal Practice. Charles B. Keeler Esq. (Assistant General Solicitor Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway) . Feb. . Practice Before Masters Chancery. Victor M. Elting Esq. (Master Chancery Superior Court). Feb. . Practice Before Police Magistrates. John R. Caverly Esq. (Chicago City Police Magistrate). Feb. . Practice Under Federal Customs Laws. William Brace Esq. ( Defrees Brace & Ritter). Mar. . Bankruptcy Practice. Frank L. Wean Esq. (Referee Bankruptcy Federal Court). Mar. . Prosecution Uncler Municipal Orclinances. George H. Kriete Esq. (Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Chicago). Mar. . RevisecZ City Cocle Chicago. Roswell B. Mason Esq. (Compiler Revised Chicago Code). Mar. . Practice Uncler New Municipal Court A. . Hiram T. Gilbert Esq. III. LEGAL ADVICE CLUBS. Alumni School Senior Class . Facts . Alumni . Law School Senior Class . Case Secretary Law School . Na Class. . Office Adclress. . Date Sending. . Last Date Desirecl Answer. . Statement Facts. . Precise Kind Advice Desirecl. (ALL CASE STATEMENTS SHOULD BE FORWARDED IN TRIPLICATE.) IV. THE ACQUISITION AN D RETENTION OF A CLIENT AGE. BY FRANK ASBURY JOHNSON ESQ. (P. Chicago Bar Association .) An Booth Iall JJ[ · Legal Tactics. Dean Acquisition Retention Clientage · . Illinois Central ! A . My Chicago Chicago "There Mr. Blank' . ." . . Chicago ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENTAGE. . Many . . Clients . Some . . American . One . By . Cultivate ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF A CLIENT AGE. Chicago . A https://plrccollections.org/files/original/1987caa7c07f33bccfb090845d019152.pdf 6bb1cbe861c8252b41d33835303a59f8 PDF Text Text SERIES II FEBRUARY-APRIL, 1904 NUMBER 4 N·oRTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN LAKE AND UNIVERSITY BUILDING DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON-CHICAGO Edmund J. James, Ph.D., LL, D., President Northwestern University consists of seven dep artments or schools. Four of these (Law, Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy) are located in or n ear the center of the city of Chicago. The other three (College of Liberal Arts, Music, and the Academy). are situated in Evanston, the most beautiful suburb of Chicago, immediately adjoining the city on the north. Th e College Campus is located directly on the shore of Lake Michigan about three miles north of the city limits. For general information relating to the University as a whole, general catalogues, etc., address University Hall, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. I. THE COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON Offers a four years' course leading to Bachelor's degree in Languages and Literature (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, L atin, Greek, Hebrew); Mathematics (college and advanced); Science (Astronomy, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Physics, Mineralogy, Geology); History (ancient, mediaeval, and modern); Philosophy, Psychology, Pedagogy, Economics and Politics, and Sociology, and other subjects appropriate to a modern college. Numerous graduate courses are also offered leading to the degree of A.M. 1 and in a few su bjects to th at of Ph.D. Special advantages are offered to the graduates of this college in the professional schools of the University. For further inlormation, address College of Liberal Arts, Evanston, Illinois, II. MEDICAL SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers a four years' course leading to the degree of Doctor of Medicine, The hospital and clinical facilities are especially good . This school was the first in the United States to take three important steps in Medical education: the enforcement of the standard of preliminary education, adoption of longer annual courses, and the graded curriculum. It ranks fourth in attendance among University Medical Schools in the United States. For further information, address Northwestern University Medical School, 2421 Dearborn Street, Chicago. III. LAW SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers a three years' course in Law leading to the degree of Bachelor o( Laws. Special facilitie s are provided for a th orough preparation in the practical as well as theoretical aspects of the Law. The library is adequate to all the ordi'llary needs of the student, including over t en thousand volumes, while the proximity of the Chicago L aw Institute Library provides an additional collection of nearly forty thousand which the students are at liberty to use. The students come from all parts of the country, and the courses are arranged with a view to giving them that knowledge of !~J~:~ ~i;{h!1'e~i!inmU'rii~~~~~; L awF~~icfu~~l~ ei~f~~~i~foag,ie Northwestern University Building, Chicaao, Law School, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets, IV. SCHOOL OF PHARMACY CHICAGO Offers courses leading to the degree of Graduate in Pharmacy and that of Pharmaceutical Chemist. The course includes instruction in general Chemistry, Chemical Analysis, Pharmacy, Botany, Microscopy, Pharmacognosy, Dispensing, and Analytical Ph armaceutical Chemistry, including Drug Assaying, Bacteriology, and Sanitary Analysis. It ranks first in attendance among University Schools of Pharmacy in this country. For further information, address Northwestern University School of Pharmacy , Northwestern University Building, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets, Chicago, �NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO-EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW" (U N ION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUND ED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTER N UNIVERSITY ��QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW • CONTENTS OF I. PRELIMINARY No. 4, CATALOGUE CONTINENTAL LAW, II. SELECTION THE SERIES AND LEGAL MILLS, ESQ. ' OF II. THE FEBRUARY, G ARY 1904. COLLECTION OF 5 • MANAGEMENT TACTICS Page OF A COURSE , JU RY: BY AN ADDRESS IN LUTHER LAFLIN • Entered at the Postoffice at Chicago, Illinois, as second-class mail matter. 35 ��!.-PRELIMINARY CATALOGUE OF THE GARY COLLECTION OF CONTINENTAL LAW. PREFATORY NOTE. 1. The origin, scope and purpose of the Collection have already been described in this QUARTERLY BULLETIN for August, 1903. Briefly: (a) It has been acquired, during the past year, by means of a sum of money given for the purpose by Hon. Elbert H. Gary, LL. B. '67, formerly of Chicago, and now of New York. (b) Its scope includes the codes, statutes, judicial decisions, leading law journals, and a selection of legal treatises, for the entire continent of Europe. Twenty-one independent countries, with their dependencies, are represented: Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Roumania, Russia, Servia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey. It now numbers some 6,000 volumes. (c) Its purpose is, mainly, to provide material s to an extent not hitherto found in this country, for ascertaining the ex1stmg law of any European country as affecting the rights and duties of persons Jiving here and having interests there. Secondly, it aims to provide the student of the history of Anglo-American law with the results of modern continental research in the history of the parent law of the Germanic peoples. Thirdly, it aims to assist the study of comparative legislation, by furnishing the chief texts and other materials for comparison. Other aims it has; but they must be left to the futur e to develop. 2. The so·11rces of information for compiling the list have been various. Intelligent information on so great a variety of systems and languages has been Jess easily found than might be supposed. A foundation list (chiefly for France and Germany) was compiled by the staff of M. Martinus Nijhoff, publisher (the Hague and New York), of whose cosmopolitan skill an acknowledgement is gratefully made. Muhlbrecht's Wegweiser and his annual Bibliographie der Staats imd R echtswissenschaften were carefully searched. Other printed lists of European publishers and legal libraries were consulted. Various professors in European universities, from Finland to Servia, helped to fill gaps in the list. The foreign consuls in Chicago, and their legal advisers, gave valuable suggestions. The Greek list, prepared for M. Nijhoff in Greece, was revised by Mr. Vlackos, a graduate of the Law School of the University of Athens (now a student in 5 �6 GARY COLLECTION this School.) In these and other ways every effort has been made to render the list of titles adequate. Nevertheless, a few gaps still remain, though not for long, it is hoped. 3. This catalogue is preliminary only. It is printed in order to make the collection available without further delay to those whom it would serve. No attempt has been made to give full catalogue entries of the titles. There are doubtless numerous errors, due not to the printer, but to the lack of time to prepare the catalogue more carefully; for these errors, it is hoped that the excuse is sufficient. A few of the works listed have not arrived at this time of printing. Many of the serial entries (journals of law and collections of decisions) are not completed to date, partly because they were ordered early in 1903, and partly because the special sets purchased were not complete to that <late. The work of listing and ordering the necessary continuations can not well be done except for the collection as a whole, and the very recent arrival of many of the sets has as yet left no opportunity for this. A number of pamphlet treatises and essays, the gift of European professors of law, remain also to be entered. The School will be grateful for suggestions, from any quarter, of further titles which ought to be added. 4. The privilege of using the Collection is granted as follows : (a) Any member of the Chicago bar may consult the collection in person, on payment of the usual fee authorized by the Board of Trustees for persons otl'ier than students of the School, namely, $4 annually, or, for alumni of the School, $2 annually. (b) Any member of the bar oittside of Chicago, or any other person desiring legal advice upon a foreign Jaw, may write to the School, stating his case or his question of law; the communication will then be handed for reply to some local legal adviser, having the privileges of the Library and recommended by the appropriate consul as skilled in the language concerned, who will consult the Library and return an answer, charging such fee as may be agreed on between himself and the correspondent. For this service the School will charge nothing to either party. (c) Any member of a Faculty of any other University may without charge consult the collection, or, on proper gi,iarantees, borrow particular volumes. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. I. II. 7 AUSTRIA. Codes and Statutes. Die Oesterreichischen Gesetze. 1875-1903, vols. 1-41. Manz'sche Taschenausgabe . Decisions of Courts. Plenarbeschluesse etc. d . Oesterreischischen Ober-GerichtsCassationshofs. 1884-1899, vols. 1-17, with Index . (Continued as Entscheidungen des K. K . Obersten Gerich ts als Cassationshofs, 1900-1902, vols. 1-3.) Entscheidungen d. K ..K . Obersten Gerichthofs in Oesterreichischen Civilsachen. 1887-1902, Vols. 1-10; new series, v ols. 1-2. I II . Journals of Law. [See GERMANY .] IF. Treatises. Durrigl, Oesterr. Recht, mit Beruchsicht der Gesetzgebung in Croatien u. Slavonien, 1899. Duscheness, v. Bjolsky u. Baretta, Oesterreichische Rechtslexicon. 1894-1899, 4 vols. Friedlaender, Oesterreische W echselordnung. 13 Auflage, 1897. Hasenoehrl, Oesterreichisches Obligationrecht. 2 Auflage , 1899, 2 vols. Jirecek, Das Recht in Boehmen und Maehren. 1865. -Codex juris bohemici. 1867-1898. - Digeste des lois slaves. 1880. J olles, Praxis d. Oesterreichischen Verwaltungsgerichtshofs. 2 vols. Luschin-Ebengreuth, Oest erreichische R eichsgeschichte. 1896, 2 vols. Mischler- Ulbrich, Oesterreichisches Staatswoerterbuch. 18941897, 2 vols. Peritch, De la Condition juridique des Bosniaques et des Herzegoviniens en pays etrangers. 1901. Posilovic, Immobiliarrecht in Bosnien und Hercego vina. Schwarz, Oesterreichisches Konkursrecht. 1894-1896 Unger, System des Oest erreichischen Privatrechts. 18921894, vols. I, II , VI. �8 GARY COLLECTION BELGIUM. Codes and Statutes. Pasinomie (Collection complete des lois, decrets, arretes et reglements generaux qui peuvent etre invoques en Belgique, dans l'ordre chronologique.) 1789-1900, with Indexes 1789-1880, 100 vols. Delecourt, Codes belges et lois usuelles en vigueur en Belgique. 13th Ed., 1902. Larcier et Delecourt , Code administratif et politique de la Belgique. II. Decisions of Courts. Pasicrisie Belge (Recueil general de la jurisprudence des cours et tribunaux de Belgique en matiere civile, commerciale, criminelle, de droit public et administratif.lre partie: arrets de la cour de cassation ;-2e partie: arrets des cours'. d' appel ;-3e partie: jugements des tribunaux), 1814-1901, with Indexes 1814-1870, 166 vols. JII. Treatises. Defacoz , Ancien droit belgique. 1846-73. Warnkoenig, Histoire du droit belgique. 1827. -Flandrische Staats-und Rechtsgeschichte. 1835-42. I BULGARIA.* Codes and Statutes. Laws of Bulgaria (in the original), 12 vols. Organisationsstatut Ostrumeliens. Projekt zum Organisationsstatut v. Bulgarien. Protokolle der Const. Nationalversammlung und Constitution. Bulgarisches Strafgesetzbuch. 1897. II. Decisions of Courts. Decisions of the Supreme Court of Bulgaria. 1870-1899. Sammlung von Bulgarischen juridischen Gebrauchen. III. journals of Law. Juridische Revue (Bulgarien) I-XI. IV. Treatises. Pavlotis, Loi comm.erciale bulgare, 1899. Bulgarisches sachliches Recht. Commentar zum Erbfolggesetz . 2 vols. Commentar zum Strafgesetz. 3 vols. l. *Most of this material is in the original. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. 9 Das criminelle und civ. Gerichtsverfahren, nebst Entscheidungen. 3 vols. History of Bulgarian Law. Selveli, Faillissement. DENMARK. I. Codes and Statutes. Almindelig borgerlig Straffelov af 10.2. 1866 ; udg. afO. Damkier. 2. Udg. 1892. Danmarks Riges gennemsete Grundlov af 5.6. 1849 og 28.7. 1866, samt Valgloven, m. m. 1895. Kong Christian Vs danske Lov; udg. af V. St. Secher. 1891. Den Nye Norings-Lov 27. 12. 1857. Lov om Hamdvorks og Fabriksdrift, samt Handel og Bevortning m. Ti!lag 23.5. 1873. 1877. Lov om Konkurs 25.3. 1892. og 15.4. 1877. 1896. Vexelloven af 7.5. 1880; udg. af Wulff. 1880. ll. Decisions of Courts. H6jesteretstidende, udg. af Hojeste rets Protokolsekre tarer. 1857-1902. Schlegel, Samling af H ojesteretsdomme, 1818-1856. 18611864, vols. 1-3. Ipsen og Scharling, Systemat. Oversigt over Hojesteretsdomme i criminelle Sager, 1857-1894. 1876-1895 . P. C. Muller, Oversigt over Hojesteretsdomme i civile Sager, 1866-1901. 1902. Ill. Journals of Law. Lovtidende for Kongeriget Danmark, 1871- 1902. (See also NORWAY). lV. Treatises. Danske Lovlexikon, udg. af E. Hammerich. 1899-1903, Vols. 1-6. Deuntzer, Den danske arveret. 1897. Lassen, Dansk Obligationsret. Matzen, Forlaeseninger over den Danske Retshistorie . 1893-1897, 6 vols. Secher, Fortegnelse over de Danske retslitteratur, 1884-1895. Torp, Dansk Tingeret . (See also NORWAY) . �10 GARY COLLECTION DENMARK (ICELAND). Forordnung angaaende criminalvaessent, skjode, og pantvaesenet, etc ., paa Island, 1832-1850. 9 Parts. Lovsamling for Island (Stephenson , Sigurdson, etc.), 18531889. 21 vols. FRANCE. 1. II. III . Codes and Statutes. Dalloz et Verge, Les Codes Annotes , including the following: Nouveau Code Civil, 4 vols. Code de procedure civil, 1876, with Supplement 1893. Code de Commerce , 1877, with Supplement 1896. Code d'instruction criminelle, 1900. Code penal, 1886, with Supplement 1890. Code Forestier, 1884. Code des lois administratives, 1887-1901, Vols. I, II, III, IV, Part 1-V. Code de l'enregistrement, 1878. [See also DECISIONS, Infra .] Decisions of Courts. Dalloz, Repertoire methodique, 48 vols . -Supplement au Repertoire, 19 vols . -Recueil periodique, 1845-1902, 58 vols. Journal du Palais, 135 vols. Merlin, Repertoire, 1825-1828, 36 vols. Questions de droit, 1828-1830, 16 vols . Indexes , 2 vols. Sirey, Jurisprudence, 1789-1901, with Indexes. Journals of Law. Annuaire de legislation etrangere, 1872-1902, vols. 1-30. Bulletin de la Societe de legislation comparee, vols. 1-27. Nouvelle revue historique de droit, 1877-1900, vols. 1-24. Revue critique de legislation et de jurisprudence, 18511900, vols. 1-50. Revue de droit international et de legislation comparee, 1869-1902, vols. 1- 34. Revue de legislation ancienne et moderne frarn;aise et etrangere, 1870-1876, vols. 1-6. Revue historique de droit frarn;ais et etranger, 1855-1869 , vols. 1-15. Revue trimestrielle de droit civil, 1902-1903, Vols. 1-2. �OF CONTINENTAL LAW. IV. 11 Treatises. Baudry-Lacantiniere, Traite theorique et pratique du droit civil, vols. 1-24. Beaune, Nouveaux fragm ents de droit et d'histoire. 1899. Bensa, Histoire du contrat d'assurance au moyen age. 1897. Bonolis, Les Assurances sur la vie en droit international prive. Brissaud, Manuel d'histoirc du droit frarn;:ais. 1898-1899. Bracher de la Flechere, Philosophie de l'histoire du droit. -Les revolutions du droit, 2 vols. Demolombe, Cours de Code Napoleon. 2d Ed ., 31 vols. 1903. Esmein, Etudes sur !es Contrats. 1883. Esmein, Cours ele.mentaire d'histoire du droit frarn;:ais. 1895. Flach, Les origines de l'ancienne France. 1886- 93. Fournier, Histoire de la science du droit en France. 6 vols. 1892- 1902. Garrand, Droit P enal. Garsonnet, Traite de Procedure. Gavet, Sources de l'histoire des institutions et du droit franvais. 1899. Ginoulhiac, Cours elementaire d'histoire general du droit franvais public et prive. 2me. ed. 1890. Giraud, Essai sur l'histoire du droit franvais, 2 vols. Glasson, Histoire du droit et des institutions politiques etc. de la France. 1887-1903, 8 vols. Guillouard-Cautionnement et Transactions, 2nd Ed . 1895. -Contrat de Louage, 2 vols, 3rd. Ed. 1891. -Contrat de Mariage, 4 vols . 3rd Ed. 1894. --Contrat de Societe 2d Ed. 1892. -Contrats Aleatoires et Mandat, 2nd Ed. 1894. -Nantissement et droit de R etention, 2nd. Ed. 1896. -Prescription, 2 vols. 2nd Ed. 1901. -Pret, Depot et Sequestre, 2nd Ed. 1893. -Privileges et Hypotheques, 4 vols. 2nd Ed. 1897. -Vente et L'Echange, 3rd Ed. 1902. Laferriere, Histoire du droit franvais . 1845-58. Lyon-Caen et Renault, Traite de droit Commercial. 18891902, vols. 1-8. Planiol, Droit civil. 1900. Pouillet, Propriete litteraire. �12 GARY COLLECTION Rehfous, Actes de Societe. -Les Assurances. Tardif, Histoire des sources du droit frangais. 1890. Viollet, Histoire du droit civil francais. 1893. Warnkonig und Stein; Franzosische Staats-und Rechtsgeschichte. 1846- 48. Wodon, La forme et la garantie dans les contracts francs. 1893. FRANCE (ANDORRA). Platon, Du Droit de la famille dan ses rapports avec le regime des biens , en droit Andorran. 1903. I. Codes and Statutes . A. GER.MANY. Imperial Legislation. Burgerliches Gesetzbuch, Entwurf, 2te Lesung. 1895. Bfrrgerliches Gesetzbuch , Bericht der Reichstagscommission, 1896. Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch, Beratung im Reichstag. 1896. Burgerliches Gesetzbuch , Reichstagsvorlage. 1896. Burgerliches Gesetzbuch, Protokolle der Commission f . d . 2te Lesung, 1897-1899, 6 vols, and Index. Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch, Bundesratsvorlage .1899. Handelsgesetzbuch, Stenographische Berichte. 1897. Mugdan, Gesammte Materialen f. d. Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch. 1899-1900, 5 vols . J atzow, Sachregister z. Entwiirf und l\fotiven Biirgerliches Gesetzbuchs. Becher, Die Ausfiihrungsgesetze zmn Burgerliches Gesetzbuch, 1900-1901., 2 vols. and Appendix. Kayser, Die GesammtenReichs-Justiz-Gesetze, 6 aufl. 1901 . Binding, Die Staatsgrundgesetze. 1899. Guttentagsche Smlg. Reichsgesetzen, vols. 1-71. Reichsgesetzblatt. 1900, 1901, 1902. ·wolff' s Sammlung (see Brunswick). Graf Hue de Grais, Handbuch der Gesetzgebung in Preussen u. dem DeutschenReiche, 1901-1903 + .,vols.I, III, 1, IX, XIV, 2, 5, and XV (as published to date). Stoepel, Preussisch-Deutscher Gesetz-Codex. 1806-1900. B. Laws of Particular States. Baden: Bad. Landrecht. 1899. -Polizeistrafrecht (Schlusser). 1897. -Neue Bad. Burgerbuch (Wielandt). 1897. - Bad. Gesetz-Sammlung (Dorner). �OF CONTINENTAL LAW. 13 Bavaria: Ausfohrungsgesetz f. Civilprocess (Habel). 1900. -Bav. Justizgesetz (Schmidt). 1899. -Bav. Polizeistrafgesetzbuch (Standinger). 1899. -Stellung der Auslander (Scherber). 1897. Brunswick: Sammlung d . R eichs-u. Landesgesetze (Wolff). 1900. Hamburg: Sammlung H. Gesetze (Boysen) . 1900. -H. Gesetze (Wulff). 1903. Hesse: H . Gesetze (Best). 1900. -H. Polizeistraffgesetz. 1898. Oldenburg: 0 . Landespri vatrecht (Ruhstrat). 1900 . Prussia: Guttentagsche Sammlung Preussischer Gesetze, vols. 1-34. -Staatsmin. Gese tz Sammlung. 1901- 1902 . -Berlinschcr P olizei-Verordn ungen. 1895. Saxony: General-Repertorium. 1892. -A usfohnmgsgesetz (Arnoldt). 1900. (Grengel). 1901. -J ustizgesetze. - H andbuch der Gendarmerie. 1900. Wu.rtembnrg: L andesgesetze (Gessler). 1900. -Polizeistrafrecht. 1899. Elsass-Lotltringen: E. L. Oeffentliches R echt (Leoni u. Mandel). 1894. -E. L. L andesgesetze (Michaelis), -Sammlung d. in E. L. gelt. Gesetze (Paffraths u . Grossman). 1900-1901, 2 vols. I l. Decision of Courts. Reimer, Wegweiser durch d. Entscheidungen. 1899. Entscheidungen d. Koniglich en Ober verwaltungsgeric hts , vols. 1-36, Ergb. 1-5, with Index to vols. 1-30. J ahrbuch d. Entscheidungen d . Kammergerichts d. nicht_ strafrechtlichen Gerichtsbarkeit u. in Strafsachen, 18811902, vols. 1-23, with indexes . Adler u . Friedlander, Sammlung v. Entscheid. z. Handelsgesetzbuch, 1837-1901, vols. 1-11. Entscheidungen d. D. Reichsgerichts in Strafsachen , vols . 1-34, with index to vols 1-20. Entscheidung d . D . Reichsgerichts in Civilsachen, vols. 1-50, with index to vols. 1-40. E ntscheidungen d . R eichsoberhandelsgerichts, vols. -1-25, with 4 indexes. �14 III. GARY COLLECTION Journals of Law. Annalen d. Deutschen Reichs f. Gesetzgebung, 1868-1891, 3 1 vols. Archiv fiir offentliches Recht, 1886-1902, vols. 1-17. Archiv fiir biirgerliches Recht. 1888-1901. Archiv fiir civilistische Praxis, 90 vols. Deutsche Juristenzeitung, 1896-1902, Jhrg. 1-7. Gerichtssaal, 1849-1901, vols. 1-53. Jahrbiicher fiir Dogmatik (Gerber und Ihering), 1857-1902. Ser. I. vols. 1-12. Ser. II. vols. 1-24. Ser. III. (neue folge) vols. 1-8. Jahrbuch d. internationalen Vereingigung f. vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft. vols. 1-5. Jahrbuch d. internationalen Vereinginung f. Gewerbliches Rechtsgeschiitz. 1898-1900, vols. 1-3. Kritische Vierteljahrschrift fiir Gesetzgebung, 1859-1901, vols. 1-43, with index. Mitteilungen d. Gesellschaft f. vergleichende Rechts- u· Staatswissenschaft zu Berlin. 1895, I. (continued as Vierteljahrsschrift.) Seuffert's Archiv. 1847-1900, vols. 1-55, with indexes. Striethorst, Archiv f. Rechtsfalle der Ober-Tribunal. 18511881, vols. 1-100. Verhandlungen d. Deutschen Juristentages, vols. 1-26, with index and Gesamtbericht. Vierteljahrschrift f. vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft. vol. II. 1896. (continuation of Mitteilungen). Zeitschrift fiir Civilrecht und Prozess. 1828-1865, vols. 120, n. s. 1-22. Zeitschrift fiir vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft. 18761901, vols. 1-15. Zeitschrift for privat- u. offentliches Recht. 1874-1902, vols. 1-29. Zeitschrift for biirgerliches Recht. 1900-02, vols. 31-33. (continuation of Zeitschrift f. franz. civilrecht). Zeitschrift for Handelsrecht (Goldschmidt). 1858-1901, vols . 1-51, with Supplements and index. Zeitschrift for franzosisches Civilrecht. 1870-99, vols. 1-30 with index (continued as Zeitschr. f. Biirgerl. Recht etc). Zeitschrift for Rechtsgeschichte. 1861-1880, vols. 1-13, with index; Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung f. Rechtsgeschichte. (German. u. Roman. Abtheilungen).1880-1901, vols. 1-~2. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. IV. 15 Treatises. Abraham, Hanseatische Rechtssprechung. 1900-1901, 2 vols. Alexander, Konkursgesetze aller Lander· 1891. Amira, Grundriss d. germanischen Rechts. 1901, 2 vols. Barre, Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch und Code Civil. 1897. Bechmann, Kauf, vols. I, & II, 1. 1876-1884. Berg, Handbuch d. Polizei-Rechts, 1801-1809. 7 vols. Bernstein, Revision d. Wechselordnung. 1900. Beseler, System des gem . deutschen Privatrechts. 4 aufl. 1885. Bethmann-Hollweg, Civil-µrozess. Binding, Grundriss des deutschen Strafprozessrechts. 4 aufl. 1899. Birkmeyer, Encyclopadie. 1900. Boehm, Handbuch d . intemationalen Nachlassrechts. 2 aufl. 1895. Bornhak, Preussisches Verwaltungsrecht. 1899. Bresslau, Urkundenlehre. 1889, vol. I. Bruck, Die Gegner der Deportation. -Ueber Spiel und Wette. Bruckner, Fideicommiss. 1893. Brunner, Forschungen zur Geschichte des deutschen und franzozischen Rechts. 1894. -Anglo-normannisches Erbfolgesystem. 1869. -Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. 1887-1892, 2 vols. -Der Anteil des deutschen Rechts an der Entwickelung der Universitaten. 1896. -Entstehung der Schwurgerichten. 1872. -Grundziige d. deutschen Rechtsgeschichte. 1901. -Zur Rechtsgeschichte der rom. und german. Urkunden. 1880. Cosack, Lehrbuch des deutschen biirgerlichen Rechts, 3. aufl. 1901, 2 vols. -Lehrbuch des Handelsrechts. 5 aufl. 1900. Dernburg, Biirgerliches Recht des deutschen Reichs und Preussens. 1899-1901, vols.I, 1, 2, II. III. -Lehrbuch d. preussischen Privatrechts. 18941897, 3 vols. Eger, Enteignung d. Grundeigenthums. 1887-1891, 2 Vols. -Eisenbahnrecht. 1896, 2 vols. -Internationales Uebereinkommen iiber Eisenbahnfrachtverkehr. 2 aufl. 1901. Ehrenberg, Versicherungsrecht, I. 1893. �16 GARY COLLECTION Endemann, Handbuch d . Handelsrechts. 1881-1885, 4 vols. -Lehrbuch d. bii.rgerlichen Rechts. 7 aufl. 1899, 3 vols. Ficker, Beitra.ge z. Urkundenlehre. 1873, 2 vols. Finger, Unerlautender iVettbewerb, Kommentar. 1897. Freund, Wechselrecht, I. Friedberg, Formelbuch fur Handelsrecht. 2 aufl., 1901. Frommhold, Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. 1894. Gestel, Waarenbezeichnung. Gierke, Deutches Privatrecht, I. 1895. -Rechtsgeschichte der deutsche Genossenschaft. 1868. Goldschmidt, Handbuch d. Handelsrechts, 3 aufl. I. 1891. -System d. Handelsrechts, 4 aufl .. 1892. Grashof, Wechselrecht d. Araber. 1899. Grawein, Perfection des Accepts. 1876. Grimm, Deutsche Rechtsalterthii.mer, 4 aufl. 1899, 2 vols . Gros, Handbuch v. Untersuchungsrichtern. 3 aufl., 1899. 2 Vols. Grii.nhut, Enteignungsrecht. 1873 . -iVechselrecht. 1897, 2 vols. Handbuch d . deutsch. Konsularwesens. Heusler, Gewere. 1872. -Institutionen. 1883-1885, 2 vols. Heymann, Kommentar zum Burgerlichen Gesetzbuch. Hiestand, Schadenersatzanspruch d. Versicherers. 1897. Holtzendorff, Encyclopa.die der Rechtwissenschaft. 6 aufl. 1902, Parts, 1, 2, 3. Horten, Personalexecution, vols. I, II; l. 1893-1897. Jaeger, Konkurs d. offentlichen Gese llschaft. 1897. Jhering, Besitzwille. 1899. -Civilrechtsfallen. 9 aufl. 1901. -Grund d. Besitzschutzes. 2 aufl., 1860. - J urisprudenz d. ta.glichen Lebens. 11 aufl., 1897. -Kampf im Recht. 13 aufl., 1897. -Scherz und Ernst. 7 aufl., 1898. -Trinkgeld. 3 aufl. 1889. -Vorgeschichte d. Indo-Europaer. 1894. Justi, Grundriss d. Polizeiwissenschaft, 2 aufl. Ka.ubler, Personenstandgesetz. 1900. Katalog des Reichsjustizamt. 1893, 2nd Ed. Kohler, Aus d. deutschen Patent. u. Industrierecht. 18911892, vols. 1-3. -Einfii.hrung i. d. Rechtswissenschaft. 1902. -Handbuch d. deutschen Patentrechts. 1901. -Shakespeare vor dem Forum der J urisprudenz, mi t nachwort. 1883. -Urgeschichte der Ehe. 1897. -Pfandrechtliche Studien. 1887. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. 17 Kuhlenbeck, Urheberrecht. 1901. Lehmann, Recht d. Aktiengesellschaften. 1895. Leonhard, Irrtum. 1872. Liebermann, Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen. 1898-1899, vol. I, Parts, 1, 2. Loewe, Strafprozess-Ordnung ford. deutschen Reich. 1900. Lorsch u. Schroeder, Urkunden zur Geschichte <les deutschen Privatrechts. 2 aufl., 1881, vol. I. Mandry, Civilrechtliches Inhalt d. Reichs-Gesetze. 4 aufl. 1898. Meili , Institutionen d . vergleichenden Rechtswissenschaft. 1898. llfohlbrecht, Wegweiser, II, 1900. · -Uebersicht uber juristische Literatur. 1901-1902. Nussbau, Leitfaden d. freiwilligen Gerichsbarkeit. 1900. Olshausen, Kommentar zu den Strafgesetzen d . deutschen Reichs. 1901, 2 vols. Parisius und Cruger, Genossenschaftrecht. 3 aufl., 1899. -Gesellschaft m. Besschriebter Haftung aufl., 1901. Philler, Grundbuchordnung. 1901. Planck, Burgerliches Gesetzbuch. 1902, 7 vols. -Lehrbuch d. Deutschen Civilprozess. 1896, 2 vols. Posse, Die Lehre von Privaturkunden. 1887. Post, Grundriss d. ethnologischen Jurisprudenz. 2 vols. 1894. Puntschart, Schuldvertrag und Treugelobniss des sachs. Rechts. 1896. Rieser, Grundgedanken i. d . Kodifizirten-Handelsrecht. 1892. Roenne, Baupolizei. 3 aufl., 1872. Roetlisberger, Urrheberrrecht in allen Landern. 2 aufl. 1902. Sarwley, Kommentar zur Konkursordnung f . d. deutschen Reich, 4 aufl., 1900. Schroeder, Lehrbuch d. deutschen Rechtsgeschichte. 4 aufl., 1902. Schaps, Deutsches Seerecht. 1896-1902, Parts 1-6. Schmidt, '\Vaarenzeichenrecht. 1899. Schnitzler, Rechtsverkehr zwischen Deutschland u. d. Ver. Staaten v. Amerika. 2 aufl., 1903. Schulte, Lehrbuch d. Deutschen Reichs- und Rechtsgeschichte. 6 aufl., 1892. Seuffert, Konkursprozessrecht. 1899. Seligsohn, Patentgesetz. 2 aufl. 1901. �18 GARY COLLECTION Siegel, Deutsche R echtsgeschichte. 3 aufl. 1895. Sohm, Recht d. Eheschliessungen. 1875. -Frii.nkisches u. Romisches Recht. 1880. Spaeing, Franz6zisch-Englisches Wechselrecht. 1890. -Franz6sisch-Englisches Handelsrecht. 1890. Staub, Kommentar zur allgemeinen deutschen Wechselordnung. 4 aufl. 1901. -Handelgesetzbuch. 1900, 6 aufl. 2 vols. Stephan und Schmidt, Schutz d. gewerblichen Urheberrechts. 1899. Stintzing, Geschichte d. deutschen Reichswechselrecht, I, II, & III, 1, 2. 1880-1898. Stobbe, Geschichte der deutschen Rechtsquellen. 1860-1864. 2 vols. -Handbuch des deutschen Privatrechts. 3 aufl. 1893-1901, vols. 1-4. Stoelzel, Schulung f. der civilistische Praxis. 1898, 2 vols. -Rechtslehre u. Rechtsrechnung. 1899. Stoerk, Zur Methodik des 6ffentlichen Rechts. -Die Litteratur des internationalen Rechts. -Option und Plebiscit bei Eroberungen und Gebietcessionen. Struckmann und Koch , Civilprozessordnungen . 7 aLtfl. 1900. Thudichum, Geschichte des deutschen Privatrechts. 1894. Wagner, Seerecht. vol. I , 1884. Weber, Geschichte der Handelsgesellschaft im Mittelalter. 1899. v . Zallinger, iVesen und Ursprung des Formalismus im altcleutschen privatrecht. 1898. (See also INTERNATIONAL LAW) . OR.EECE. Codes and Statutes K<u8nm:; xa, Nopo8eaiw ~EA 1J -y t. 0. v v TJ ,..al, Z 71 JI ct>>,. 0 ya. LT O V 0 E O 0. N• o 1T o \I}.. o v . 'Ei\A:ryvtr.:½ Oi. Ot.11:acrn,col. 110µ.ot Noµ.o{huia.. Tij) .EAAtlOe, µ.e-ra Tij) uxEnK.ijS' Noµ.oi\.oyiet5' TolJ 'ApEiov IL:iyou et, T6µ.ov5' T€uuapa,;, µ.erO. r.apa.pn}µ.a.TOS' TWv OtK.acrn1eWv v6µ.wv iK. Olio µ.epWv crvy1<. nµ.€vov . ,ca.I. 11:a.l -roV r.apa.pn]µ.aTo,;, uiw -r<i, Noµt.,ct;; <f,iwv Kat -rWv <lv'TL1Tj.,OO"W1T"\.iv /LE.TO.. OO.,,yc;; Tjj) Ot.KO.O'TtKiji; A,.r,µ.ocriwv ,ca.i. .6.7]µ.0n,cWv irrro.AA~>..wr EE uvµ.rrA11pwµ.tinJv -rWv Oucaun,cWv v6u.wv -rWv Ev Tai:, 011µ.on,ca.i:, €,c>..oya.i:s- inroi/nr ,ca_ , Ot9tl0J'TtKiji; <lpxiJi;-, Kai. -r'f b011ylf -rWv· �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. )1 o µ. rf, 19 p 0.. -r o v ·A v 'T w v i o v _r. Ecloge Leonis et Constantini cum Appendice. € 'EKA.oyl) -rWv vciµwv Ev uvv--rOµ.<:J y€voµ.Evr, ;rapO. Af.ov'TOS' Kai Kwvu-ravn'.vov· Law Journals No pau. fl epwocxu. :\I Tr a A CL v o v, ' Erf,.,.,µepii; Tijs- 'Ei\.\7111(.,cijs ,ca.i. TaA.\.t.,cijs- voµ.oAoyias, 22 vols. 0 Eµ.ts, i{30oµ.a0w. ia OtKacrnKl] E,~·1µ.epi.s iK0,001.Livl) Ayye.i\01rotl.\wv--'A&a.1,0.Twv. lnrO -rl'jv OulJ,'.~vvuw ®· Kai TI. 13 vols. Decisions of Courts Llcxa11nxat 'Arrocpd.11u;; 'I w av vi Oo v N. !l ei.you NoµoAoyias, ll eipo. ~yovv µ.i.1<.pOv Ko.TO. u-rotxei:ov e'Upt:-r~p,011 if 1rpocH-rti.8YJUO.V Ev,axoii Tijc; Toii '.A.pdov Kai. rra.pa.rroµrra.i eis- r:nryypO.µµ.a-ra Noµ.tKci• O..rro,~0.cHS' Eis- rOµ.ovs 7 (A--0) Ka.l. 5 :-01 (::>os A' 7r€ptExov T0s IloA,nKO.S' Kai. 'Eµrrop,KOs -:;o.papT~p.ara• cf> i\ o ya "i To v 0- Aoyl.a.s- 12 vois. i\1 rr a. A ci 1898. Mf.pos 11 o v Kai. Kai. r Ki X p v r:r av & o rr o ti Ao -rl1s- 'EAA.17v1.Kijs voµo• lJ· NoµoA.oyia -roU 'Apeiou fl!lyou t.i.r.O ToU II A' 1reptixov -r½v NoµoA.oyia.v 1IoA.tnK'ij5 t:i..t.Kovoµ.ia'i· ELlpe-r~plOv V· 1835 µ€xp1. -roU bri. -roii Opya.vterµoii -rWv A1.Ka<1"Tl]piwv Ka.i. T~S M€po,; B' r.ept,;xo11 -r¾1, Noµ.ol\.oyiav Erri. -roll 'AunKoU AtKa.iou.- Noµ.oAoyia. -roii 'Apeiou Ilciyov t.i.rrO Toti frov,; T½v voµ.oyo>..iav €rri. -rij,; Ilo/1.1.nKij,; )IJpo,; B.. rrep,ixov"r½v voµoAoyi.av 1835 Oi.Kovoµ.ias, µExpt. -rotl 1900- 1\1€poi;- A' 1rep1.ixov Kai. -r0v 'Opyavt.uµ0v €.ri. Toii 'AernKoU At.Kaiau· -rWv At.KaerTl]piwv. .M €po,; r· rrepti.xov -r½v voµo>..oyiav i1ri. -roll 'E1.1:rroptKotl .itKa.iou . Treatises and Commentaries 'AyyeAO.Kr, Xap .tA ,ciov. crVv Tf; €K{UCT£1. Kvp iw,; ~l-=Afra.t, 1rt:p'i. Tij,; ErrtCT'T~JJ.."IJ'i -roU .i1.otKlJ'TtToU ei..,-_Ka.Lau 1 µ.£1, -rij,; iv ·Eti\A0.01. cru_y:'(P0vw,;_ OE Kai. -rijs iv -C:ep,4.0.vi~ , 'AyyAie:, KJ1'i. ra.AAitt_ i.erxu0Vcrl]5 . v.oµo{hu,.ias• , II a 1r a.pp l7 yo rr o 1.1 Ao u II, r evuca.i. 'Apxa.l. -roii iv 'EAAci01. A1.Kaiou,.'EvoxtK011 AiKa.1.ov ,-6.t.otKl')nK½ JK-r€Aeu,s-,-41opol\.oyia iux _l101,rn~ '.-\ crn KoU €rrt TlJ0EV/.L0.Tw v·-.':: Tpa.nwnK½ K.a l Na.vn,c¾ 1rot11t,cl'J voµ,.o6euia.• •.'EAA11vtKl'J '1'1KKA1]uia.• a A • . KA.11povoµ.t.K0v Cli.K.a.t.011· .. EK0OCTI.S" A'· Ka.,\,\ t y 0. II, ~tlo--r17µa. Pwµ.aLKoii Clt.Kaiou Ka{;' ii €v ' EA.AciOt rroAt.retleTa.t, 1' 1:vtKa'i. K pa er er 'Apxai. -rotl Ilo,hnKoU t.l1.Kaiov Tipa.yµa.n,cOv Al,ca.tov . 'Evo,x1.,c0v AiKa.tov · 0 Oi.Koye1,t:ta.K01,, AiKatov· KA11povoµtK0v AiKo.1..ov. P O.AA17 K ,1. pa T r . A. 'Ep/.LlJllfi a. TOIJ 'EAAlJVI.KOU 'EµrroptKOlJ AtKa.iov• ·1·0µo,; A', .EK0ou,s ii N t Ko A• IIowtK½ .1i,.tK01mµ.ia.- IIot.111.xO,; NOµ?'i · E~rro~tl(.05 ~O~O!._ ,ca.I. 'E,t1ro~uc_0v A;fKa.tOf -rij_ f 'Ei\,,\O.Oos,, r·- TI~,\.tnKY) ; A,tl(qvoµ..,io,:, �20 I. GARY COLLECTION HUNGARY. Codes and Statutes. Corpus Juris Htmgarici, Editio millennaria, ed. l\fartius . 1902, 7 vols. (in. Latin and Hungarian.) (Contents: I-V, Articuli diaetales annorum. 1000-1830. VI, Opus Tripartitum Stephani de Werh6bz. VII Approbatae constitutiones, compilatae constitutiones, et articuli novellares cum carticulis prov isionalibus, 1540-1848). Ungarische Gesetzsammlung. 1868- 1901 (in German and Hungarian). A Magyar K ereskedelmi. Torveny 6szall. Dr. Nagy F. (Commercial Code). Osz magyar bunteto t6rvenyck gyiytemenye 6szeal. Ralas E. (Penal Code) . Darday S ., Kozigazgatasi Torvenytar. 1898, 11 Vols. (Collection of administrative laws). Low, Das ungarische Handelsgesetzbuch. Martinet et Dareste, Code penal Hongroi s , 1885. II. Decisions of Courts. Dontvenytar. A magy. Kir. Curia semitoszeki es legfobb itelozeki os talyainak elvi jelentosegu hatarozatai. 90 vols. in 45, 4 vols. Index. III. J ournals of Law. Jogallam Jog es a llamtudma nizi szemle. Szerkestik, Edv i Illes Karoly, Baumgarten, Nandor, es Gyomal Zsigmond. 1902- 1903, vols. 1-2. (The Law State Monthly) . Jogtudomanyi i Koslony . S7.erk. Dardai S . es Fayer L. 186.5-1900, vols. 1-35. with Index 1866- 1890. (Magazine of Legal Science). Jogtudomanyi szemle. 1889-1890 (all published) . IV. Treatises. Von Timon , A., Ungarische Verf. u . R echtsgeschichte (Schiller's tr.) 2nd Ed ., 1903. • (See also AusTRIA) . I. ITALY. Codes and Statutes. Codici e leggi Regno d' I tali a (Manuali Barbera), 17 vols . (Text with Commentary). �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. 21 Prudhomme, Code civil Italien, promulgue le 25 juin 1865, traduit et annote. 1896. Turrel, Code penal Italien, ler janvier 1890, traduit et annote. 1890. Code de commerce Italien, ler Janvier 1883, traduit et annote. 1892. Nani, Repertorio generale della legislazione (1861-1891). 1893, 4 vols . Nani, Supplement to 1894, 1 vol. Cronaca Legislativa, 1859-1902, vols. 1-44. II. Decisions of Courts. Annali della Giurisprudenza, 1866-1887, vols. 1-21. Monitore dei Tribunale, 1860-1902, vols. 1-43. Ill. journals of Law. Serafini, Archivio Giuridico (complete set to date). IV. Treatises. Brandileone, I1 Contratto di Matrimonio. 1898. Cattaneo, Introduzione allo studio della Scienze Giuridiche. Calisse, Storia del diritto italiano. 1891. Chironi, Trattato dei Privilegi delle Impoteche e del Pegno, 2 vols. Ficker, Forschungen zur Reichs- und Rechtsgeschichte Italiens. La Mantia, Storia della legislazione italiana. 1884. Manzini, L'Evoluzione e lo Stato del Diritto Penale. 1900. Patetta, Ordalie. Fertile, Storia del diritto italiano. 6 vols. 1903. Pacifici-Mazzoni, Codice civile italiano commentato. 1902, 15 vols. Racioppi, Forme di Stato. 1898. -Le Sei Piu Recent1 Costituzioni negli Stati Uniti D'America. 1892. Salvioli, Manuali di storia del diritto italiano. 1890. Schupfer, Manuale di storia del diritto italiano. 1892. LUXEMBOURG. Codes, Statutes and Decisions. Code de Commerce de Luxembourg. Code penal de Luxembourg. Code de l'enseignement de Luxembourg. Relations internationales de Luxemburg. Code civil de Luxembourg. �22 GARY COLLECTION Pasinomie Luxembourgeoise, 1878-1899 (Recueil des Lois, Decrets, Arretes, Reglements generaux et speciaux, et c .. qui peuvent etre invoques dan s le G.r .and Dl!lche de Luxembourg) . Vols. I-V. MONACO. ·Codes and Statutes. Code de procedure civil de Monaco . Collection des lois et ordonnances d e Mon aco . Code penal d e Monaco. Code d'instruction criminelle de Monaco. Code civil de Monaco. Code de Commerce de Monaco. Ordonnance sur les Consulats de l\Ionaco . Rolland , Projet d e R evision du Code de Procedure civil de Monaco. Rolland, Projet de Code de Procedure penale de Monaco . MONTENEGRO. Codes and Statutes. Alimena, Legislazione penale de Montenegro. Bogisic, Code civil general (Texte serbe). Cettinj e, 1888 . Bogisic, Code civil general (French translation by Dareste and Riviere), 1892. Code general des Biens, traduit par Dareste. 1893. Codici civile del Montenegro. Gesetzbuch Daniel I v. Montenegro (original and translation) . Popovic, R echt und Gericht in Montenegro . Vernie, Wichtigkeit d. Montenegr. R echts. I. NETHERLANDS. Codes and Statutes. De Nederlandsche W etboeken, zooals zy tot op 15 No v. 1898. zyn gewyzigd en aangevuld, uitgegeven door J. A. Fruin. 4 de druk. 1898. Ned. Staatswetten (Schuurman), complete set. Oudemans, Nederlandsche Wetboeken, 5 druk. 1897-1900, 5 vols. De Nederlandsche Staatswetten, door Meyer. 1903 , 2 vols. Codes Neerlandais, traduits par Tripels. 1886-1889, 2 vols. in one. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. II. 23 Decisions of Courts. Nederlandsche Regtspraak, vols. 1-177, 1839-1897. Ill. Journals of Law. Themis, vols. 1-61, 1839-1900. IV. Treatises. Fockema-Andreae, Bydragen tot de Nederlandsche R echtsgeschiedenis. 1892-1900, vols. I-IV. Molengraaf, Leidraad bij de Beoefening van het Nederlandsche Handelsrecht. (See also BELGIUM.) · I. II. NOR.WAY. Codes and S tatutes. Mejlaender , Almindelig Norsk Lovsamling, 1660-1885. 2nd Ed. 1885-1887. Faerder, Norsk Lovsamling, 1660- 1901. Decisions of Courts. [See J ournals, infra.] Ill. Journals of Law. Tidsskrift for Retsvidenskab, udg. af Bertyrelsen for d . Stang'ske Stiftelse i Christiania, 1883-1900, Years 1-13. Norsk R et stidende, 1836-1902. IV. Treatises. Amira, Nordgennanisches Obligationsrecht, 1882-1895, 2 vols. Brandt, Forelaesinger over den Norske Retshistorie. 1883. Hagerup , D en Norske Civilprocess . -Panteret . Nordisk R etsencyclopaedi , udg. af Aschoug, Berg, Krieger o. A . 1878- 1899, vols . 1-13. Plato, Norsk Arveret , 1899. Scheel, Aegtefallers, Formuesret. Taranger, Udsigt over den Norske ret shistorie. 1898. (See also DENMARK .) �24 GARY COLLECTION PORTUGAL. I. II. III. Codes and Statutes. Codigo administrativo, approvado por decreto 17 de julho de 1886, Edicao official, seguido de un repertorio alphabetico. 1887. Codigo commercial portuguez, publicao official ordenad o por decreto de 23 de agosto do 1880. Codigo civil portuguez, approvado por carta d e lei d e lde Julho de 1867. Quinta edicao official, 1879. Codigo de processo civil, approvado por carta de lei de 8de November 1876. Cod.igo penal, approvado por decreto de 16de Setembro de 1886. Code civil portuguais du Ier juillet 1867, traduit et annote par G. Laucyrie et Joseph Dubois. 1896. Code de Commerce portuguais de 1888, traduit et annote par Ernest Lehr, 1889. Decisions of Courts. Gazetta de Relacao de Lisboa, 1886-1902, vols. 1-16. Journals of Law. 0 Direito, Revista de Jurisprudencia e Legislacao, director J . Luciano de Castro. vols . 1-34. ROUMANIA. I. II. Codes and Statutes. Codul general al Romaniei, de Hancangiu, 3 vols . (Collection of all laws to 1900.) Code de Commerce Roumain, par Joan Bohl. 1895. Decisions of Courts. Curierul judiciar (Doctrina, jurisprudenta, legislatiune, economie politica, finante), Redactor Ion N. Cesarescu. Bucuresti, 1891-1903, vols , 1-12. III. Journals of Law. (see supra, Decisions.) IV. Treatises. Alexandresco, Droit ancien et moderne de Ia Roumanie. 1897. Blaramberg, Les institutions, les lois, et Ies moeurs de la Roumanie. 1886. Bohl, Le droit commercial roumain. 1897. �OF CONTINENTAL LAW. I. 25 R.USSIA.* Codes and Statutes. (1) Codes of Law of the Russian Empire, Official edition, 1902, 16 vols. (4) A. Borovikovsky, Law of Civil Procedure, with notes of the Decisions of the Civil Cassation Department of the Senate. (3) A. Borovikovsky, Civil Laws (Code of Laws, Vol. 10, part. 1) with Commentary and Notes of the Decisions of the Civil Cassation Department of the Senate. (5) H . S. Taganzoff, Code of Criminal and Corrective Punishment, with Annotations. (6) S. G. Stcheglovistoff, Criminal Procedural Statutes of the Emperor Alexander II, with Commentary and Decisions annotated. Tchernow, Code de Commerce Russe, traduit et annote, sur !'edition officielle de 1893-1898. II. Decisions of Courts. (2) Collection of the Decisions of the Cassation Departments of the Senate, 1866-1902; civil, criminal and assembled departments. Official Edition. III. journals of Law. (13) Jurist, 1902, vol. I. (12) Vestnik Prava, (Journal of Law), complete set. IV. Treatises. (8) Anisimoff, Documents Certifiable by Parish Authorities. V. Budanov, Histoire du droit russe, avec Chrestomathie, 1886. Diakoff, La Russie et les etrangers. 1903. Halban, zur Geschichte des Deutschen Rechts in Podolien. R. de Hube, Histoire du droit polonais. 1874, 1886. (14) Kazansky, The Function of Lectures in Legal Faculties. 1901. (23) Kazansky, Corpus Juris Gentium. 1897. Klibanski, Die neue russische Wechselordnung, 1902. --Codex des R. Civilrechts. 1902. Handtman, Russisches Handelsverkehrrecht. 1900, Vol. I. Lehr, Elements du droit civil russe. 1877-1890, 2 Vols. *The numbers affixed at the left represent the works in the Russian language; these titles are printed, with corresponding numbers, in Russian type at the end of the list. �26 GARY COLLECTION (9) (10) (11) (21) (15) (16) (17) (18) (20) (7) (25) I. Leontieff, The Parish Court and Juridical Customs of the Peasants. Macieiowski, S 1 av is ch e Rechtsgeschichte (in Polish). 1835-1839. 0. K. Malisheff, Course in the Civil Laws of Russia, with a special addition containing the civil laws and customs of Finland, Poland, Baltic Provinces, Bessarabia, the Jews and Moslems. P. Mrotchek-Drozdovsky, History of the Russian Law. Palienko, Sovereignty. 1903. (22) Poustorosleff, Volition in Criminal Law. 1890, 1891. Poustorosleff, Legal Position of Persons arrested for Crime. 1889. Poustorosleff, Lectures on Special Parts of the Russian Criminal Law. 1902. (19) Poustorosleff, The Principle of Criminality. 1892. Romanovich-Slavatinksy, System of Russian Political Law. 1899. B. Stavsky, Civil Law of the Kingdom of Poland, explained by Decisions of the late IX Department of Warsaw (1842- 1875) and of the Civil Cassation Department (1876-1895) of the Senate. A. Stoff, Mining Laws; Explanation of the existing Mining Laws in Russia. Cao8r, 3ar;;o1-toar, Pocciiic1wf! :0:3,n;aaie. HMrrepin n ero rrpo,n;OJIJKeHia, oq,q,:a~. II. Coopnuir;r, proiuenii:i Kacca~iOHHh!X'b .n;errapTaMeHTOB'h CeRaTa 3a 1866-96 r. rpaJK,naHcKia, yroJIOBHhl5I :a O6ll\aro co6paHia; oq,q,n~. :0:3,/1;. III. A. Bopoeuir;oacir;ii:i: 3aKOHhl rpalK,naRc1,ie (CBo,n. 3aK. T. X, '-I. I) c1, 061,acHeniaM:0: no p11IIIeHiJIM'b rpalK. Racca~iOHHaro ,UerrapTaMeHTa IlpaB. CeHaTa. IV. A. Bopoeuir;oeci,ii:i: y CTaB'b rp_aJK,D;aHc1rnro Cy.n;o-rrpOH3BO,D;CTBa C'b 06'b5ICRe- Hi5Illm no p11meH. rpaJK,n. Racca~ioH. ,UerrapTaMeHTa IlpaB. CeRaTa. V. H. C. Taian1fe6o: YJIOJKeHie O HaKa3aHi5IX'b yrOJIOBHh!X'b H :acrrpaBHT0JibRh!X'b, C'b O6'blICH0HilIMIL �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. •V I. -C. I'. llI;eZJto6itnio8o.' Cyi'.leOHhle ycraBbI Ihmeparopa AJieKcanl(pa II, C'b 3a1wnol(aTeJihHbIMH MOTHBaMH Il pa3'blICHenimrn. ·V lT. B . Cmaocir:iu: rpanc,a;ancKie 3aicoHbr :U:apcrna IloJihc1rnro, pa3lICnenHhre no pt,Uieu:iaM'b 6&rnUiaro BapmaPcrrnro IX .D:-a (1842-1875) H rpaJK. ICacc . .IJ:-a (1876-1895) IlpaB. Cenara. VIII. A . A'H,it1'u.11tooo . .D:oroBOpbI, HlaMII, IX. X. CBfl,J,'13Te.TbCTBY6)fbI6 BOJIOCTHbIMil rrpaBJie- Jieonrnbeor,: BOJIOCTHOii cy .:l'b H IOpII'I6CK. OObl'IaH 1,peCTblIIl'b. MaJ1,'bt1tieor,, K.: Rypc·h o6~aro rpaJKl(aHcKaro npana Poccirr rr oco6oe rrpHJIOJKenie; rpaJKl(aHCKie 3aKOHbI Il 06b!'IH. upaBO PocciH COBICJIIO'IenieM'b 3a1t0HOB'b: <lJ H H JI$! HJ( i H :U:. IloJihcrmro, Oc1'3.-Rpaa II Beccapa6iII, Enpetl:cK. n MycyJihM. XI. II. Jlpo1ieir:-r,-JI;poa806cir:iu: XII. B1ocm'H,uir;r, IIpa6a. XIII. XIV. Hcropia Pyccrmrn Ilpana. IOpucmr, (eJKeHel('BJibHO). Kaaa'H,cir;ifi: R'h nonpocy o nocranoBI,'t nperrol(anania Ha IOpnl(n'IecRHX'h ipaKyJihTerax'h, 1901. XV. IIycmopoCJ1,e6ou: Ilonarie o He3aM'BHHMOtl: caMocrrpan-t, RaR'h y'Ipe.n;eHin yroJIOBHaro rrpana, 1890. XVI. IIycmopoMe6ou: I!Ol(CYl(HOCTb apecraHTOB'b npanonapymeHia, 1889. l'I apecraHTOK'b sa yroJIOBHblH XVII. IIycmopoCJ1,eoou: RoncrreRT'b JieK1:1ia no oco6ennofi 'lacrn PyccKaro yroJIOBnaro rrpana. Bhmyc1, 'b I, 1902. XVIII. IIycmopocJ1,e6ou: AHaJIH3'b rroHariH o rrpecrynJienirr, 1892. XIX. IIycmopoc11,eeou: IloHarie o 11pecry11JieHin, 1891. �GARY COLLECTION 28 XX. XXI. Po.,ita1{,06uita-C.!!aeamu1{,c'lf:iu: CncreMa Pycc1mro rocyn:apcrBCHHaro IlpaBa, 1899. Ila.!!ie'l{,'lf:O: CyBepeHIITeT'b, 1903. XXII. IIycmopoc.!leeou: HeaaM"BHm,rna caMopacrrpaBa, 1889. XXIII. 1Ca3ai-tc'lf:ii1: Corpus Juris Gentium, 1897. XXIV. A. IIImorfio: ropttoe rrpaBo. CpaBHnreJihHOe naJiollteHie ropHhlX'b aa· K0H0B'b ,l\'Bl1CTBYJO~IlX'b B'b Poccin II np. RUSSIA: FINLAND AND BALTIC PROVINCES. Journals of Law. Tidskrift utgifven af Juridiska foreningen i Finland, Vols. 1-39. 1864-1902. Treatises. Broecker, Livlandisches, Estlandisches, u. Kurlandisches Privatrecht. Chydenius, Hustrus F6rm6genhetsra.ttsliga Forha.llande. -La.ran om Leveransaftalet. Erdmann, System des Privatrechts der Ostseeprovinzen. 1889-1894, 4 Vols. Forsman, Straffra.ttens allma.nna Jarn. Montgomery, Handboki Finlands allmanna Privatra.tt, 1895. Malisheff, (see supra, RussrA) . Schmidt, Rechtsgeschichte Liv-, Est-, und Kurlands (ed. N othbeck). 1895. Wrede, F6rla.sningen 6fver Giftermals-balken. -Sakra.tt. -Allma.nn obligationsra.tt. -U ts6kningsvasendet. -Konkursra.tt. -Bevisra.tten. (See also SWEDEN). �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. I. 29 SER.VIA.* Codes and Statutes. Collection of Serbian laws, with continuation, 1835-1902. Serb. Civ il-und Handelsgesetzbuch. Serb. Civilgesetzbuch. Serb. Strafgesetzbuch. Serb. Gesetzbuch des Civilprozess . Serb. Concursegesetzbuch. Serb. Verfassung, 1901. II. Decisions of Courts . Collection of Decisions of the Serbian Court. III . journals of Law. Branic (Serbian Law Journal) I-IX, 1894-1902. IV. Treatises. System des Serbischen Civilrechts. Serb . Jury. Serb. Verwaltungsrecht . Serb. vVechselrecht. Serb. Gem einderecht. Serb. Handelsrecht. Serb. Erbfolgerecht. Grenzen der Serb. Richtergewalt. Jovanovic, Geschichte d es Serbischen Rechts. Peritch, L e Traite de Berlin et la Question de la Nationalite par Rapport a la Principaute de Serbie, 1900. I. SPAIN. Codes and Statutes. Cdigo Civ il espanol, con notas por M. Falcon, 5 Vols. Codigo de Comercio, 2a ed., por V. Romero y Giron, 1901. Codigo penal para la P eninsula , anotado, 7a ed. 1900. L ey de enuiciamento criminal, anotado, 3a, ed. 1899. Constitution de la Monarquia de 30e Junio de 1876. 4a. ed. 1901. Ley organica de! consejo de Estado de 17de agosta de 1860, 2a. ed., 1891. L ey y Reglamento de lo contencioso administrativo r eformado por el decreto de 22de Junio de 1894, 2a. ed. Leve, Code civil espagnol, traduit et annote. 1890. Prudhomme , Code de Commerce espagnol, promulgue le 22 de aofit, 1835, traduit et a nnote. 1891. *All of this Servian m aterial is in the original language, except two of Professor Peritch's essays. Its arrival was too late to permit of the titles being printed accurately. �30 II. GARY COLLECTION Decisions of Courts. Jurisprudenzia civile, 1838-1902, Vols . 1-93. Jurisprudenzia criminale, 1870-1902, Vols. 1-66 . III. Journals of Law. Revisto Generalo de Legislacion , 1853-1900, Vols . 1-96. IV. Treatises. Antequera, Historia de la legislacion espafiola, 1874. Brau chitsch, Geschichte des spanischen Rechts . 1852. Chapado Garcia, Historia general de Derecho Espanol. 1900. Estanyol y Colom, Derecho Canonico (Historia externa). 1893. Gil, Censos segun la Legislacione general. Hinojosa, Historia general del derecho espafiol. 1887. I-Ielfferich, Entstehung und Geschichte des W estgothenrechts . 1858. Neumann, Derecho International Publico Moderno. trad . Sela. Perena y Puente, Derecho U sual. 1895. Valverde, Las Modernas Direcciones d el Derecho Civil. -La Nacionalidad . I. II. [II. lY. SWEDEN. Codes and Statutes. Sveriges Rikes Log (containing all the Codes). 1903. Swedish Fundamental Law (in the original). 1900. Codes suedois de 1734 (civil, penal, commercial; suivies des lois promulgees jusqu' a ce jour, des lois hypothecaires, de celles sur l'etat civil, la prescription , !es successions, le change, la faillite, du code maritime de 1891 et des lois sur la propriete industrielle), par de la Grasserie. 180,5. (See also infra, JOURNALS.) Decisions of Courts. (See infra, JOURNALS) . Journals of Law, Nytt Jurisdisk Arkiv, 1874-1900, Vols. 1-27'. (both series, one containing current decisions, the othei; containing current legislation). (See also NORWAY, RussrA: FlNLAND.) Treatises. Hagestr6mer, Svensk Straffriitt. Nordlung, Foreliisningar 6fver Arfdabalken. Nordling, Boskilnad och behandlingen af d6dsmaµsbo. Olivecrona, Testamentsriitten. W,iµr,ot4, Svem;k ci vih:,a.J;t,. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. I. 31 SWITZERLAND. Codes and Statutes. Bundesgesetzgebung, 1892, and Supplement. Vlolf, Schweizerisches Rechtsbuch. 1898, 2 Vols. Sammlung Verfassungen. 1892. Sammlung der Gesetze u . s. w. iiber das Civilrecht des Kantons Basel. 1893. Zeerleder und Reichel, Bernische Civilgesetze. 1893, 2 Vols. Code Civil du Canton des Grisons, R. de la Grasserie. 1893. Jaeger, St. Gallisches Privatrecht, 1899. Huber, Thurgauisches Rech tsbuch. Aargauisches Rechtsbuch. 1902. Neuchatel, Nouveau recueil officiel des lois (complete set). Ziircherische Rechtspflege (Straiili). 1883-1896. Luzerner Ziv. v. Ziv. proz. Gesetze (Bossard & Weibel). 1896. II. Decisions of Courts. Entsch. d. Schweizerischen Bundesgerichts. 1875-1901,Vols. 1-26. Schweizerische Rechtssprechung (Brodbeck). 1894. Ill. journals of Law. Zeitsch rift fur Schweizerisches Recht, 1852-1903, Vols. 1-43. (1st series, Vols. 1-22: 2nd series, Vols. 1-21). IV. Treatises. Faesler, Bundesgeset7, u. Schuldbetreibung, with Supplement. 1896-1899, 2 Vols. Huber, System u. Geschichte d. Schw Privatrechts. 4 Vols ., 1893. Orelli, Vorlesungen uber Schweizerische Rechtsgeschichte . 2 aufl. 1884. Stoos, Grundziige d. Schweizerischen Strafrechts. 18921893, 2 Vols. I. TUR.KEY (IN EUROPE). Codes and S tatutes. Destour (Collection of all the Turkish laws, in the original language). Aristarchi-Bey, Legislation ottomane, ou Recueil des lois, reglements, etc., publie par Nicolaides. 1873- 1888, 7 Vols. in 4. Piat, Code de Commerce ottoman explique. 1876. Meysonnasse, Code civil musulman, suivant le.cadr.e .du .code. civil francais (rite malekite).. 1898.. �32 II. GARY COLLECTION Decisions of Courts. Djeridie Mukakisir-i-Hadlie, Years 1295-1318, Vols. 1-24. III. Journals of Law. (see supra, Decisions). IV. Treatises. Arslanian, Recht des Grundeigenthums und Erbrecht f. d. Turkei. 1894. Baillie, Digest of Mohammedan Law. 1875. Derenbourg et Mayer-Lambert, Traite des successions dans de droit musulman. 1897. Klasim Zia, Expose du droit de succession musulman. 1902. MacDonald, Muslim Theology, Jurisprudence, and Constitutional Theory. 1903. Nauphal, Cours de droit musulman. 1886. Savvas Pacha, Theorie du droit musulman. 1892-1893. -Le Tribunal musulman. 1902. Tornauw, Droit musulman. 1880. Van den Berg, Minhadj At-Talibin. 1882. Zuynball, Handleiding tot de Kennis van de Mohammedaansche wet. 1903. ECCLESIASTICAL LAW.* Corpus Juris Canonici, ed. Friedberg, 2 aufl. 1879-1881, 2 vols. Biener, Beitrage z. Geschichte d. Inquisitionsprozess. Esmein, Etudes sur l'histoire du droit canonique prive. 1891 , 2 Vols. Fournier, Les Officialites au moyen age. Hinschius, Kirchenrecht. Vols. I-VI, I, 1869-1897. Schulte, Geschichte der Quellen und Literatur des Canonischen Rechts von Gratian bis auf die Gegenwart. 1875-1880, 3 Vols. Tanon, Histoire des tribunaux de !'inquisition en France. R.OMAN LAW. Accarias, Precis de droit romain. 4me . ed. 1886. Bruns , Syrisch-R6misches Rechtsbuch. 1880. Corpus Juris Civilis, Ed. Kruger,Mommsen, Schoell, Kroll. 3 Vols., 1895-1899. *This and the Roman list represent merely the texts and a few principal treatises for reference in the history of English law. �OF CONTINENT AL LAW. 33 Cuq, Les institutions juridiques des Romains. 2 vols. 1891. Dernburg, Pandekten, 6th Ed. 1900-1902 (Vol. I. in 7th Ed.). Flach, Etudes critiques sur l'histoire du droit romain au moyen age. 1889. Fontes Juris Romani, ed. Bruns, Mommsen et Gradenwitz, ed. VI. 1893. Gaii Institutiones, 6th ed., Dubois d'apres Studemund. 1881. Jhering, Entwickelung und Geschichte d . r6mischen Rechts. 1894. Jhering, Geist des Romischen Rechts. 5 aufl. J oers, Romische Wissenschaft z. zeit d . Republik , vnl. I. 1888. Jurisprudentia antejustinianea, ed. Huschke. 1896. Lambert, L'histoire traditionelle des XII Tables. Karlowa, Romische Rechtsgeschichte, Vols. I, II, 1, 2, 3. 1885-1901. Kruger, Geschichte der Quellen. 1888. Mortreuil, Histoire du droit byzantin. 1843-46. Pernice, Labeo. 1873-1900, Vols. I-III, I. Savigny, F. C., Geschichte des r6mischen R echts im Mit.telalter. Lene!, Palingenesia. 1899. Vocabularium jurisprudentiae romanae, ed. Gradenwitz 1894-1899, pts. 1-3. Windscheid, Pandekten, 8 aufl. 1900, 3 Vols. Zachariae v. Lingenthal, Gesch. d. grieschisch-romisrhen Rechts. 1892, 3 aufl. INTERNATIONAL LAW.* journals. Pasicrisie Internationale (La Fontaine), 1903, I Vol. Revue generale de droit international public, 1894-Hl00, Vols. I-VII. Zeitschrift f. internationalen Privat u. Strafrecht, 1889-1900. Vols. 1-10. La Justice Internationale, 1903, Vol. 1. (Monthly Review of the Decisions of the Internationa l Court of the Hague.) *These titles of International Law do not include collections otherwise existing in the Library (such as the Annuaire de l'Institut, Martens' R ecueil, British and Foreign State Papers, etc.), but only those which have been purchasP. d with the Gary fund. �34 GARY COLLECTION. Le DroiL d '_\uLcur, 1887-1903, Vols. 1-15. (Journal of the International Copyright Union, Berne.) (See also FRANCE, GERMANY.) Treatises and Collections. Bonfils, Manuel de droit intern. public. 3rd ed. 1901. Calvo, Le droit international theorique et pratique. 5th ed. 1896, 7 Vols. Collection de los tratados e convenios y documentos internacionales celebrados por nuestros gobiernos con los estados extrangeros desde el reinado de dona Isabel II, hasta nuestras dias. Marques de Olivard, 1890-1901. Dumont et Rousset, Corps universe! diplomatique du droit des gens, con tenant un recueil des trai tes d' alliance, de paix, etc., de Charlemagne, jus'qua present. 1716-1731, 8 Vols. -Supplement au corps diplomatique, con tenant l'histoire d. anciens traites jusqu'a !'empire de Charlemagne, par Barbeyrac; un recueil des traites echappes aux premieres recherches. 1739, 5 vols. -Negotiations secr~tes touche le paix de Munster et de Osnaberg. 1725, 4 Vols. -Histoire d. traites de paix depuis Vervins jusqu'a Nimeque. 1725, 2 vols. -Recueil des traites de la France (1703-1896), publ. sous les auspices de C. de Freycinet, par Jules De Clercq. 1880-1902, 21 Vols. Fiore, Nouveau droit intern. public, traduit par Antoine. 1885-1886, 3 Vols. Heffter, Europaisches Volkerrecht. 8 aufl., 1888. Leske und L6wenfeld, R echtsverfolgung in internationalen Verkehr. 1895-1897, 3 Vols. Martitz, Internationale Rechtshilfe in Strafsachen. 1888, 1897, 2 Vols. Pelissier du Rausas, Le regime des capitulations dans !'empire Ottomane. 1901, Vol. 1. Pradier-Fodere ,Traite de droit international. 1884-1897, 8 Vols. Salzedo et Clotet, Traites de droit commercial international. 1894, Tome Ier (no more published). Weiss, Traite theorique et pratique de droit international prive. 1894-1901, Vols. 1-4. Zitelmann, Internationales privatrecht. 1897, 1898, 1903, Vols. 1, 2, 3. (See also AUSTRIA, FRANCE, GERMANY, SPAIN, R uss IA .) �II-SELECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. An Address Delivered in the Course on Legal Tactics, Monday, November 30, z903, by Luther Lajl£n Mills, Esq.* By the common law, by the constitution and by the statutes, trial by jury is imbedded in the institutions of this State as an essential element in the administration of justice. The constitution of the State of Illinois provides that, "the right of trial by jury as heretofore enjoyed shall remain inviolate;" and notwithstanding the occasional criticisms expressed against it by social theorists or doctrinaires it stands and will continue, it is safe to prophesy, during long generations hereafter, as the most rational and satisfactory agency for the determining of the misunderstandings and disputes of men who appeal to the courts in order to secure the redressing of grievances and the obtaining of rights; aud, also, and I might say especially, for wisely, justly and humanely exercising its functions in matters involving the welfare of society in the enforcement of its laws against crimes. It is not necessary at this time to assert the wisdom and the justification of the jury system, unique in its antiquity, in it s universality in civilized communities, in its persistence through the ages. Surviving all the changing events, the vicissitudes and revolutions of centuries, it has stood and now stands as a peculiar expression of the people's thought and desire-a creation of the popular mind. In the remote past, tyrannical kings have been forced by the commonalty to grant the right of trial by jury-pledging themselves to maintain it; and always throughout Christendom it has been the demand of the masses of men. Not wise judges belonging to the honorable and honored legal profession-learned in the law and appointed by superior authority or chosen by popular vote, but laymen-practical men, men of the every day competitions and controversies, men qualified to fairly · settle issues of fact from the standpoint of common experience and that of the judgment which prevails in the ordinary affairs of life-these have been and are wisely or unwise!:,, ( wisely it is reasonable to claim) favored in the minds of communities for the considering and deciding of the relative rights of their individual citizens. And it is not inappropriate at this tim e to express our recogni tion of the importance and the demo*This is a course of twenty-five addresses given every year en Monday evenings, and open to all members of the bar. In these addresses various subjects of practice are dealt w ith solely from the point of view of tactics nnd experience, by practitioners of distinction who have had special opportunities for familiarity with the practice on those subjects. 35 �36 LEGAL TACTICS. cratic and humane significance of the great popular institution, the jury-dignified by its ancient past in which it stood for human welfare against royal tyranny, for principle against power, for the better sentiments of mankind against selfishness and greed -a wall of defense for the people against oppression; and accepted earnestly in these later days as a method for the discovering of truth and the declaring of justice. It would be unreasonable to claim for the jury system in Illinois or elsewhere that it is not open to criticism-that unlike any other human institution it is perfect, or even makes a near approach to perfection. But it may be fairly claimed that under the test of deliberate popular judgment it is equal, if not superior, in the successful exercise of its functions, to any other governmental factor; and it is manifest that its character and quality are constantly improving with the advances of social conditions, the bettering of the morals of the people, the awakening of the higher sentiments among men. In this State the character of jurors is improving year by year-this fact being the result of wise legislation in reference to their selection-the increasing recognition of the dign ity of the juror's office, and the scrutiny of the public, judges of courts and the legal profession as to their honesty and other qualifications; and the denunciation by the great body of lawyers of all dishonorable practices on the part of any of its members in their relations to jurors. The time was when we heard much of "jury-packing," so-called, and jury bribing; we hear but seldom of such offenses now; and a lawyer detected in violating his oath and stultifying his conscience by such gross misconduct is driven from his profession by his brethren and whipped with the la5h of public condemnation. Jurors may make mistakes; but they are seldom dishonest. It is frequently said that the number of trials by jury is diminishing in this country; and the statement is probably correct. There is undoubtedly a grnwing tendency away from litigation; men are becomiug more inclined to adjust their differences, to compromise disputes, to submit their misunderstandings to arbitration; yet the litigation of the country is large, the courts are still crowded with causes to be tri ed and lawyers continue to find a field for their ability and genius in the fine contests of the forum. The calling of the advocate still exists as a great and noble calling in spite of certain modern demands upon the legal profession which tend to divert its members to other lines of effort. The attractiveness of the court-room with the excitements and incidents of sentiment and interest connected with a trial before a jury, exists and will continue to exist for lawyers �MANAGEMENT Of.:i A JURY. 37 old and young. The human nature involved in such an experience, the dealing with the motives and the personal character of men-judges, jurors, witnesses, opposing lawyers-will always have a charm for the members of the legal profession. And I am not ready to admit that the successful advocate is not, after all has been said, the finest type of the lawyer. It is frequently asserted that the best- the ideal-lawyer is not the man who is conspicuous for his successes in trials; yet a lawyer to be great as an advocate, must have the elements of legal knowledge, judgment, discrimination, as the foundation of his super-structure; and these must be supplemented by skill, astuteness, familiarity with human life, ability to fathom the motives of men . The strong trial lawyer must be not only learned and wise in the law, he must be great in his knowledge of human nature and life and in his ability to effectively employ it to advance the cause he represents. I have been honored by an invitation to address you this evening, gentlemen of the Northwestern University Law School, on the Selection and Management of the Jury, and am expected to make such suggestions in reference thereto as shall be of a practical nature, and may possibly prove to be of some advantage to you when hereafter you stand in the court-room as champions for clients in the noble tournament of a legal trial. At the appointed time you arise before a presiding judge, announce in behalf of your client and as his attorney that you are ready to proceed with the trial of the issue in which he is concerned; the opposing counsel does likewise. And thereupon the court directs the cletk to call into the jury-box twelve men who. upon the announcemrnt of their names, take their places in the jurors' seats and then are sworn to answer all questions that may be put to them "touching their competency" to serve as jurors. In this State they are to be examined by fours-the attorney for the plaintiff, or prosecution, taking the initiative and that of the defense following. I speak now of a trial in which the statutory number of twelve jurors is to try the case. It often happens in civil cases that a less ~umber is expressly agreed to by the contesting parties. I. Now comes what may be called the most important part of the trial-its beginning, its foundation-the choosing of the men who are to decide the merits of the cause and give victory to the one side and defeat to the other; and in making this selection it is legitimate and honorable, as it is necessary, for the lawyer, in justice to his client, to secure men upon the jury who are impartial, fair-minded, free from prejudice, receptive and appre- �38 LEGAL TA CTI CS. dative of evidence and argument; to prevent any man from serving as a juror who, by reason of his temperament, education, habits of life, sympathies, consciously or unconsciously, has predilections for the opposing side. The lawyer now begins his tactics-the battle is on-it is tactician against tactician; every step he takes must be measured, cautious, diplomatic, wise. He must penetrate the very inner consciousness of the juror he examines and in so doing must guard against giving offense by the effort of his curiosity. It is essential that he have the good will of the juror; from the moment of his first exchangin~ glances with him, he must endeavor to secure his personal respect and feeling of friendship. One offensive question may rankle in his memory and turn him against his examiner with an unchangeable prejudice, and afterwards what the lawyer says during the trial will fall ineffectual upon his hearing. It is hard to cure a first resentment; and if you, the lawyer, become conscious of such a sentiment in the juror' s mind you will be disturbed, annoyed, possibly demoralized, during the whole progress of the trial. In all your close examination of the juror keep uppermost in your mind the avoidance of giving him offense and the purpose of winning his good will. In this State there are two kinds of challenges-those for cause, and peremptory challenges. "In all civil actions each party shall be entitled to challenge three jurors without showing cause for such challenge." In criminal cases the statute provides that " Every person arraigned for any crime punishable with death or imprisonment in the penitentiary for life shall be admitted on his trial to a peremptory challenge of twenty jurors and no more; and every person arraigned for any offense that may be punished by imprisonment for a term exceeding eighteen months shall be admitted to a peremptory challenge of ten jurors and in all other criminal trials the defendant shall be allowed a peremptory challenge of six jurors." "It shall be sufficient ca use of challenge of a petit juror that he lacks any one of the qualifications mentioned in Section 2 of Chapter 78 of Hurd's Revised Statutes, or, if he is not of the regular panel that he has served as a juror on the trial of a cause in any court of record in the county within one year previous to the time of his being offered as a juror; or that he is a party to a suit pending for trial in that court at that term. It shall be the duty of the court to discharge from the panel all jurors who do not possess the qualifications provided in this act, as soon as the fact is discovered." Section 2, Chapter 78 provides, that "Jurors in all counties in Illinois must have the legal qualifications herein prescribed, and shall be chosen, i! propor- �MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. 39 tionate number from the residents of each town, or precinct, and such persons only as are: First. Inhabitants of the town, or precinct, not exempt from serving on juries. Second. Of the age of twenty-one (21) years, or upwards, and under sixty-five ( 65) years old. Third. In the possession of their natural faculties, and not infirm or decrepit. Fourth. Free from all legal exceptions, of fair character, of approved integrity, of sound judgment, well-informed, and who understand the English language." In the making of my suggestions and illustrations hereafter, gentlemen, I shall at times address you directly in the second person. In your examination of jurors it is wise to be cautious in the use of your peremptory challenges. If you are disposed to excuse a juror use every legitimate method of accomplishing that purpose by a challenge for cause. It is manifest that if your peremptory challenges are exhausted at the beginning of the examination you are greatly at the mercy of the opposing side thereafter. In seeking a ground for a challenge for cause, or making the suggestion more conservatively, endeavoring to determine whether or not the man is competent to be a juror, it is advisable to interrogate him at the outset as to whether his mind is free from bias as to the issue to be tried and the parties involved therein; and it is natural to inquire as to his knowing the latter, his knowledge of the case, his having heard or read of it, his acquaintance with the lawyers in the litigation and any of the witnesses who might be called to t estify. If the juror's answers to such inquiries indicate that he is free from prejudice as to the merits of the controversy and it still. appears to you that he is an unsafe or incompetent person to pass upon it, the next course to be pursued is to examine him as to whether he possesses the fixed qualifications prescribed by the Statute. To these your attention has already been called. They afford, in many instances, the opportunity you seek for accomplishing your purpose. Paragraphs third and fourth of Section 2 of Chapter 78 of the Revised Statutes set forth this opportunity. The third paragraph reads, "In the possession of their natural faculties and not infirm and decrepit." As to the qualifications suggested in this paragraph it is not always necessary to inquire; an inquiry is necessary only when the appearance and conduct of the juror indicate the possibility or probability of his not being competent under the statute. The lawyer in conducting his examination �40 LEGAL TACTICS. as to the qualifications mentioned in the third and fourth paragraphs named, should conduct hi s inquiry with a due regard to the sensibilities of the juror because, first, it is courteous and humane for him so to do; and, second, because the other jurors already examined or to be examined will be influenced for or against the lawyer by the character of the questions he propounds. The fourth paragraph provides that the juror shail "be of fair character, of approved integrity, of sound judgment, well-informed" and having an understanding of the English language. It is obvious that tmder its provisions great latitude is afforded to the examiner ; and especially in their relation to this paragraph should the inquiries of the lawyer be made with caution and consideration. To illustrate: You are examining a man of foreign birth with a poor understanding of the English language; a juror has already been accepted who is of the same nativity. If you make the mistake of dealing with the juror in hand with harshness, levity or ridicule the man already chosen will naturally feel a resentment and acquire a prejudice against you which may be fraught with danger. Too much emphasis cannot be laid on the necessity of the lawyer's securing and retaining the personal respect and good will of the jury; and this securing · should be sought for at the beginning and at every stage of the proceedings. The suggestion cannot be too often repeated; it should constantly be borne in mind. It is difficult to prescribe fixed and general rules to govern all cases. The individual situation will demand its own peculiar treatment; and yet in addition to what has already been said, there are certain suggestions, which may be made, of general applicability to the examination of jurors. 1. Never be severe with the man you are examining unless it is manifest that he is intentionally evasive in his answers or deceptive or dishonest. If he appears so to be the lawye r is called upon to show righteous indignation. His so doing will properly be understood and appreciated by all concerned in the trial. 2. Keep constantly before you the fact of rac e or national prejudices-possibly the most difficult to overcome among men. 3. The fact of religious prejudices-a fact happily diminishing under the influences of Christian civilization- must not be overlooked. 4. If it btcornes your duty to represent the public in the prosecution of an alleged violator of the laws of the State, you need not be reminded that the personal interest of the juror in the community-his philanthropy, his patriotism-arc elements greatly to be considered. �MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. 41 5. Never accept as a juror a dishonest man if you know him to be such; and be careful not to make the mistake of acceptinl{ a juror who is under personal obligations to you, unless you are sure that he is an honest man and will be governed by the law and the evidence-giving to you simply the attention and receptiveness to which you are entitled. Pardon my illustrating this advice by an incident in my own experience. Some years ago I was engaged in the prosecution of a murder case, which was defended by one of the ablest criminal lawyers of the State. The crime involved in the trial had made a great sensation throughout the community and popular feeling was strongly against the man charged with its perpetration. It required many days for the securing of the jury. At last, when eleven jurors had been sworn, a special venire was ordered and among the men thus summoned was one whom I had in many ways aided in the past. Indeed, the man was under great obligations to me; and this fact was known to the opposing lawyer. As soon as my old friend was sworn to answer questions I stepped to the table of the lawyer defending and reminded him of my personal relations with the juror and offered to agree with him that the man should be excused. The lawyer, however, rejected the offer and proceeded with his examination-finally accepting the juror. After asking him a few questions I also accepted him and he was sworn to try the case. The trial went on and lasted for a fortnight and after the arguments were made and the judge's instructions were given the jury retired; after a deliberation of thirty-six hours they announced their inability to agree and were discharged by the court. Upon inquiry I learned that eleven of their number favored the conviction of the prisoner and one the acquittal, and that one was my old friend e.with his many obligations to me. The opposing lawyer coming into my office, I spoke to him of the peculiar attitude taken by the juror and expressed surprise at his action. The lawyer replied, "When I took the man I knew that he was under obligations to you, and I accepted him with my eyes open. Did you notice how well he was dressed when he entered the court-room?" I answered, "Yes, I never saw him look better." "Well," he said, "I must tell you that I gave him that suit of clothes just one week before the trial began." I realized the mistake I had made, and I think never afterward repeated it. In this matter of selecting the jury there is a demand on the lawyer that he have a knowledge of human nature; that he make a study of life; that he mingle with men; that he become familiar with social conditions; that he enter sympathetically into �42 LEGAL TACTICS. the life of the community. It is a wonderful study-this study of human motive and action; and no lawyer can succeed in wisely discriminating among men in order to determine who are qualified to meet duties and emergencies unless he pursues, patiently and zealously, this course of preparation. 11. The Management of the Jury involves the conduct of the lawyer in their presence and hearing-conduct impressing their minds and influencing their sentiments and judgment. It is almost axiomatic that the lawyers are themselves on trial in a case in which they appear before a jury. Of . course it is not meant that jurors decide issues simply on the personality of the advocate; but it is true, undoubtedly, that this fact very often makes a deep impression on the jurors' minds and strongly influences them in their reaching a decision. Generally it may be said as to the conduct of the advocate in its possible effect on the j ury that: 1. He should always be a gentleman in the trial of a cause, deferential to the court, respectful to the officers of the law, courteous to the opposing counsel, fair with the witnesses; he should avoid the appearance of familiarity with the jurors, being content to win their considerate attention by dignified, manly and courteous performance of his duty. As a rule it is dangerous to address ad hominem remarks to an individual juror-singling him out by name or other methods of identification. Indeed, there are judges who will not permit the practice. The distinguished Thomas Drummond, of th e United States Circuit Court, who died some years ago, lamented by the bar and by the people, was always severe in hi s criticism of lawyers who used this method in addressing juries. An amusing incident which came under my owtt observation, although it is not exactly in point, occurs to my mind. You will pardon my relating it. I was once engaged in a trial and on th e other side was an able lawyer who was almost blind ; he was unable to distingui sh faces. During the examination of the jurors a colored man was interrogated by th e lawyers, accepted and sworn to try th e case. After th e testimony had been presented the arguments began and the advocate with the poor vision began his address. He had forgotten the location in the jury box of the individual jurors. Beginning an ad hornillem appeal to a juryman who, he supposed, was the colcred man, he said, in tones of deep earnestness and path0s, that although the man' s skin was black he was the equal of his fellow-jurors and on this line talked at length, frequently placing his hand reassuringly on th e man's shoulder. The fact was that he had mistakenly selected as 1-h e object of hi s oratorical �MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. 43 attack an auburn-haired rosy-faced Hibernian, who being thus made the focus of general observation, was not only greatly embarrassed but made positively indignant, although he must have known that the lawyer had made an innocent mistake. What effect this experience had on the juror' s mind when he retired to the jury room was never publicly disclosed. 2. Be everlastingly loyal to your cause, and let the jury know that you are loyal. The slightest break in the tension of your devoted interest will have its effe.:t on the watchful jurymen. Enthusiasm is contagious and in the conduct of the lawyer must impress those who perceive it. 3. I have already urged that the lawyer should make a constant effort from the commencement to the conclusion of a trial to win the respect and good will of the jurors. By his attitude and conduct before them he should also strive to obtain their fullest confidence in the sincerity of his utterances made during the taking of the testimony and in his arguments and ap peals. Fix in each juror's mind, if you can do so, faith in yourself; thus in many cases half the battle is won. On an occasion similar to this one I illustrated the power of a lawyer's personality in a court-room by telling a story of Abraham Lincoln; and it is not inappropriate that I now repeat it. Years ago in the County of Sangamon in this State occurred a horrible homicide. An old woman living alone in a farm house, with no near neighbors, was brutally murdered. When the discovery was made of her mutilated body the farmers of the country around came together armed with rifles, and made a quick plan for the discovery and capture of the criminal. They started out over fields and highways and finally some of their number overtook a strange man whom they plied with questions, by which he was entangled in serious contradictions a·nd manifestly false statements. Then his captors decided that he should be immediately hanged to the nearest tree. While the prisoner was begging for mercy the Sheriff of the County and a posse of citizens arrived and rescued the man, who was hurried to the jail in Springfield. No sooner had he been placed behind the bars than a great crowd of citizens surrounded the jail and demanded that the Sheriff surrender his prisoner. They were determined to lynch him. In the midst of the excitement one of the citizens addressed the crowd and urged that for the sake of the honor of Sangamon county the law be allowed to take :ts course. To him a leading merchant made reply, saying that within a few years just past many murders had occurred in Sangamon county and not one man had been punished for murder. He said that the execution �44 LEGAL TACTICS. of the laws had become a farce, through the tricks and frauds of certain lawyers, the perjury of witnesses and the bribing of jurors, and that the public welfare demanded that the people take the matter in their own hands. The crowd was preparing to make an assault on the gates of the jail, when the citizen who had first spoken, straightening himself to the full measure of his splendid stature, again spoke, saying that if in this case the law was allowed to take its course he would promise that no trick nor fraud nor perjury nor bribery would be used in the prisoner's defense, and concluded his address with the words, "I will defend the man." He was Abraham Lincoln. The crowd was satisfied and dispersed. On the following day a special grand jury was ordered by the court, the prisoner was indicted and being arraigned, entered a plea of not guilty. A day was fixed for the trial, on the coming of which the streets of Springfield were crowded with people from all parts of the county, and at the opening of court the room was filled with anxious and dettrmined citizens. The judge ordered the prisoner to be brought from the jail. He entered the court-room, and sat near to Lincoln, his lawyer. Twelve men were called into the jury box and sworn to answer questions. The energetic and able state's attorney examined the jurors with the utmost care, challenging many of them. Lincoln contented himself with asking but a few questions, the significance and importance of which appeared afterwards, at the conclusion of the trial. The chosen jurors were sworn to try the case; the state's attorney made a fiery opening argument. Lincoln reserved his opening and then the taking of testimony began. The prosecution, by its witnesses, presented a mass of circumstantial evidence against the defendant, and rested its case. Lincoln informed the court that there were no witnesses for the defense. " Proceed with your arguments," said the judge. Then the state's attorney made a powerful plea for justice and the law. He was followed by Lincoln, who began his address by describing the horrible crime for which his client was on trial and saying that no punishment which man could inflict would be commensurate with the guilt of the one who had committed it. He said that in the case before them there could be no compromise verdict; that it must be one of death or acquittal. He then dwelt at length on the beautiful and merciful doctrine of the reasonable doubt; and of this, talked with sublime earnestness. He then began his conclusion. He said, "My friends, I am the most worried man in Sangamon county. For three days and nights I have hardly slept, thinking of this case. I have analyzed all the evidence, have considered every �MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. 4:5 fact presented by the testimony and I am worried, worried, worried. Now, my friends," he said, forgetting for the moment the rule of practice against a lawyer's expressing his personal opinion as to the merits of his case, "I will be fair to you." He gazed earnestly into the face of each man before him and continued: "After all my thinking and worrying, and analyzing the evidence, I have formed an opinion as to who is the guilty manthe man who killed the old woman and left her with her gray head in her blood; and that opinion I now declare unto you." The audience in the court-room was still as death. He proceeded, "In my opinion the man who did the awful deed is my client-that man. But," straightening himself before the jury, raising his right hand aloft, and looking down into the eyes of the men be.fore him, he exclaimed, with impressive deliberation "I am not sure of it!" He took his seat. The state's attorney followed briefly; the court charged the jury ; and they retired to their room. There one of their number arose and said, "Lincoln is right. We have the opinion that the man is guilty; but who, from the evidence, is sure of it?" In a few moments a verdict of acquittal was rendered. Faith in Lincoln had won for him his victory. ����v. DENTAL SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers a four years' course leading to the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. The facilities for the practical and theoretical instruction in the school are unusually good. The new location is particularly well adapted for the convenience of the students and instructors. The attendance during the last year wa s 535. It is the largest UniF'~rsiVur~ti~:al~r~~~ 1t\~ii~ead~~~~S 0 Northwestern Chicago, University Building, Northwestern University Dental School, Corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets, VI. SCHOOL OF MUSIC COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON Offers extensive courses in the practical and theoretrical study of Music, and is designed to prepare students for the profession as composers, theorists, artists, teachers, or critics. It also makes provision for the study of Music as a part of general culture or as an accomplishment. It offers three or four year courses leading to an appropriate de gree in Mu sic. For further information, address School of Music, Evanston, Illinois. VII. ACADEMY COLLEGE CAMPUS, EVANSTON Offers a large variety of courses prepara tory to college and practical life, The proximity of the college department with its many facilities constitutes a great ad. · vantage to the Academy. Young men and women will find here opportunity to prepare for any college in the country. For further information, address Northwestern University Academy, Evans .. ton, Illinois. A second Academy, under the name of Grand Prairie Seminary, is maintained by the University at Onarga , Illinois. Special facilities are afforded for preparing for college or technical schools, or other higher ins titutions of learning. The location in a small town makes it possible fo r th e authorities to offer low rates of tuition and board. An excellent commercial course is also offered in this institution. For further information, address Grand Prairie Seminary, Onarga, Illinois. VIII. PRIVILEGES ACCORDED TO WOMEN Women are admitted to all departments of the University except the Medical School on substantially the same terms as men. For further information as to the Residence Halls for Women, address Dean of Women, Willard Hall, Evanston, Illinois. IX. SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY EVANSTON GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE Garrett Biblical Institute, chartered in 1855, is a theological seminary co-ope!"::i ting with the University. It is open to all students who are properly recommended us candidates for the Christian ministry. It offers a three years' course, arranged for classical graduates, leading to the degree of B.D.; also a four years' course open to college graduates leading to the degree of Ph.D. Th~ intimate relations of the University and the Institute afford great advantages to all those preparing for the Christian ministry. NORWEGIAN-DANISH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL The Norwegian-Danish Theological School, affiliated with the Institute, offers to those preparing for the ministry among the Norwegian and Danish people an oppor~ tunity to do this in the English, Danish, and Norwegian languages. SWEDISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY The Swedish Theological Seminary, organized to meet the increasing- demands for educated pastors and missionaries among the Swedish population in the United States, offers a four years' course in Divinity. For further information, address the respective schools, Evanston, Illinois. �• � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law</div> Description An account of the resource Series II, Number 4 of the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i>. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1904 February-April Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 February-April Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SERIES II FEBRUARY APRIL NUMBER N·oRTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY EVANSTON CHICAGO Edmund J. James Ph.D. LL D. President Northwestern University . Four (Law Medicine Dentistry Pharmacy) Chicago. LAW SCHOOL CHICAGO Offers ' Law Bachelor ( Laws. Special Law. ' Chicago L Institute Library Law School Northwestern University Building Corner Lake Dearborn Streets ChicaaoNorthwestern University Building Corner Lake Dearborn Streets Chicago NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EVANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW" (U N ION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUND ED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTER N UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW • CONTENTS OF No. SERIES II. FEBRUARY . Page . PRELIMINARY CATALOGUE OF THE G ARY COLLECTION OF CONTINENTAL LAW • II. SELECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF A JU RY AN ADDRESS IN THE LEGAL TACTICS COURSE BY LUTHER LAFLIN MILLS ESQ. ' • Entered Postoffice Chicago Illinois . !. PRELIMINARY CATALOGUE OF THE GARY COLLECTION OF CONTINENTAL LAW. PREFATORY NOTE. . Collection QUARTERLY BULLETIN . Briefly ( ) Hon. Elbert H. Gary LL. B. ' Chicago New York. ( ) Its Europe. Twenty Austria Hungary Belgium Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Portugal Roumania Russia Servia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey. . ( ) Its ex European Jiving . Secondly Anglo American Germanic . Thirdly . . . · . Intelligent Jess . A ( France Germany) M. Martinus Nijhoff ( Hague New York) . Muhlbrecht' Wegweiser Bibliographie Staats R . European . Various European Finland Servia . Chicago . Greek M. Nijhoff Greece Mr. Vlackos Law School University Athens ( GARY COLLECTION School.) . Nevertheless . . . . No . There . A . Many ( ) < . . A European . School . . Collection ( ) Any Chicago Board Trustees ' School $ School $ . ( ) Any Chicago Jaw School Library Library . School . ( ) Any Faculty University . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. AUSTRIA. . Codes Statutes. Die Oesterreichischen Gesetze. Manz' Taschenausgabe . . . II. Decisions Courts. Plenarbeschluesse . . Oesterreischischen Ober Gerichts Cassationshofs. . Index . (Continued Entscheidungen K. K . Obersten Gerich Cassationshofs . .) Entscheidungen . K .. K . Obersten Gerichthofs Oesterreichischen Civilsachen. Vols. . . II . Journals Law. [See GERMANY .] IF. Treatises. Durrigl Oesterr. Recht Beruchsicht Gesetzgebung Croatien . Slavonien . Duscheness . Bjolsky . Baretta Oesterreichische Rechtslexicon. . Friedlaender Oesterreische W . Auflage . Hasenoehrl Oesterreichisches Obligationrecht. Auflage . Jirecek Das Recht Boehmen Maehren. . Codex . . Digeste . . J Praxis . Oesterreichischen Verwaltungsgerichtshofs. . Luschin Ebengreuth Oest R . . Mischler Ulbrich Oesterreichisches Staatswoerterbuch. . Peritch De Condition Bosniaques Herzegoviniens . . Posilovic Immobiliarrecht Bosnien Hercegovina. Schwarz Oesterreichisches Konkursrecht. Unger System Oest Privatrechts. . II VI. GARY COLLECTION BELGIUM. Codes Statutes. Pasinomie (Collection Belgique ' .) Indexes . Delecourt Codes Belgique. Ed. . Larcier Delecourt Code Belgique. II. Decisions Courts. Pasicrisie Belge (Recueil Belgique . '. ' ) Indexes . JII. Treatises. Defacoz Ancien . . Warnkoenig Histoire . . Flandrische Staats Rechtsgeschichte. . BULGARIA.* . Codes Statutes. Laws Bulgaria ( ) . Organisationsstatut Ostrumeliens. Projekt Organisationsstatut . Bulgarien. Protokolle Const. Nationalversammlung Constitution. Bulgarisches Strafgesetzbuch. . II. Decisions Courts. Decisions Supreme Court Bulgaria. . Sammlung Bulgarischen Gebrauchen. III. Law. Juridische Revue (Bulgarien) XI. IV. Treatises. Pavlotis Loi . . Bulgarisches Recht. Commentar Erbfolggesetz. . Commentar Strafgesetz. . *Most . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. Das . Gerichtsverfahren Entscheidungen. . History Bulgarian Law. Selveli Faillissement. DENMARK. . Codes Statutes. Almindelig Straffelov . . . afO. Damkier. . Udg. . Danmarks Riges Grundlov . . . . Valgloven . . . Kong Christian Vs Lov . V. St. Secher. . Den Nye Norings Lov . . . Lov Hamdvorks Fabriksdrift Handel Bevortning . Ti! . . . . Lov Konkurs . . . . . . . Vexelloven . . . Wulff. . . Decisions Courts. H . Hojesterets Protokolsekre . . Schlegel Samling H . . . Ipsen Scharling Systemat. Oversigt Hojesteretsdomme Sager . . P. C. Muller Oversigt Hojesteretsdomme Sager . . Ill. Journals Law. Lovtidende Kongeriget Danmark . (See NORWAY). lV. Treatises. Danske Lovlexikon . E. Hammerich. Vols. . Deuntzer Den . . Lassen Dansk Obligationsret. Matzen Forlaeseninger Danske Retshistorie . . Secher Fortegnelse Danske . Torp Dansk Tingeret . (See NORWAY) . GARY COLLECTION DENMARK (ICELAND). Forordnung . Island . Parts. Lovsamling Island (Stephenson Sigurdson .) . . FRANCE. . Codes Statutes. Dalloz Verge Les Codes Annotes Nouveau Code Civil . Code Supplement . Code Commerce Supplement . Code ' . Code Supplement . Code Forestier . Code Vols. II III IV Part V. Code ' . [See DECISIONS Infra .] II. Decisions Courts. Dalloz Repertoire . Supplement Repertoire . Recueil . Journal Palais . Merlin Repertoire . Questions . Indexes . Sirey Jurisprudence Indexes. III. Journals Law. Annuaire . . Bulletin Societe . . Nouvelle . . Revue . . Revue . . Revue . . Revue . . Revue Vols. . OF CONTINENTAL LAW. IV. Treatises. Baudry Lacantiniere Traite . . Beaune Nouveaux ' . . Bensa Histoire ' . . Bonolis Les Assurances . Brissaud Manuel ' . . Bracher Flechere Philosophie ' . Les . Demolombe Cours Code Napoleon. Ed . . . Esmein Etudes ! Contrats. . Esmein Cours . ' . . Flach Les ' France. . Fournier Histoire France. . . Garrand Droit P . Garsonnet Traite Procedure. Gavet Sources ' . . Ginoulhiac Cours ' . . . . Giraud Essai ' . Glasson Histoire . France. . Guillouard Cautionnement Transactions Ed . . Contrat Louage . Ed. . Contrat Mariage . Ed. . Contrat Societe Ed. . Contrats Aleatoires Mandat Ed. . Nantissement R . Ed. . Prescription . Ed. . Pret Depot Sequestre Ed. . Privileges Hypotheques . Ed. . Vente L'Echange Ed. . Laferriere Histoire . . Lyon Caen Renault Traite Commercial. . . Planiol Droit . . Pouillet Propriete . GARY COLLECTION Rehfous Actes Societe. Les Assurances. Tardif Histoire . . Viollet Histoire . . Warnkonig Stein Franzosische Staats Rechtsgeschichte. . Wodon La . . FRANCE (ANDORRA). Platon Du Droit Andorran. . GER.MANY. . Codes Statutes. A. Imperial Legislation. Burgerliches Gesetzbuch Entwurf Lesung. . Bfrrgerliches Gesetzbuch Bericht Reichstagscommission . Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch Beratung Reichstag. . Burgerliches Gesetzbuch Reichstagsvorlage. . Burgerliches Gesetzbuch Protokolle Commission . . Lesung Index. Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch Bundesratsvorlage . . Handelsgesetzbuch Stenographische Berichte. . Mugdan Gesammte Materialen . . Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch. . J Sachregister . Entwiirf \ Biirgerliches Gesetzbuchs. Becher Die Ausfiihrungsgesetze Burgerliches Gesetzbuch . . Appendix. Kayser Die GesammtenReichs Justiz Gesetze . . Binding Die Staatsgrundgesetze. . Guttentagsche Smlg. Reichsgesetzen . . Reichsgesetzblatt. . · ' Sammlung ( Brunswick). Graf Hue Grais Handbuch Gesetzgebung Preussen . DeutschenReiche + . . III IX XIV XV ( ). Stoepel Preussisch Deutscher Gesetz Codex. . B. Laws Particular States. Baden Bad. Landrecht. . Polizeistrafrecht (Schlusser). . Neue Bad. Burgerbuch (Wielandt). . Bad. Gesetz Sammlung (Dorner). OF CONTINENTAL LAW. Bavaria Ausfohrungsgesetz . Civilprocess (Habel). . Bav. Justizgesetz (Schmidt). . Bav. Polizeistrafgesetzbuch (Standinger). . Stellung Auslander (Scherber). . Brunswick Sammlung . R . Landesgesetze (Wolff). . Hamburg Sammlung H. Gesetze (Boysen) . . H. Gesetze (Wulff). . Hesse H . Gesetze (Best). . H. Polizeistraffgesetz. . Oldenburg . Landespri (Ruhstrat). . Prussia Guttentagsche Sammlung Preussischer Gesetze . . Staatsmin. Gese Sammlung. . Berlinschcr P Verordn . . Saxony General Repertorium. . Ausfohnmgsgesetz (Arnoldt). . (Grengel). . J . H Gendarmerie. . Wu. Landesgesetze (Gessler). . Polizeistrafrecht. . Elsass Lotltringen E. L. Oeffentliches R (Leoni . . Decision Courts. Mandel). . E. L. Landesgesetze (Michaelis) Sammlung . E. L. . Gesetze (Paffraths . Grossman). . Reimer Wegweiser . Entscheidungen. . Entscheidungen . Koniglich Ober . Ergb. Index . . J . Entscheidungen . Kammergerichts . nicht Gerichtsbarkeit . Strafsachen . . Adler . Friedlander Sammlung . Entscheid. . Handelsgesetzbuch . . Entscheidungen . D. Reichsgerichts Strafsachen . . Entscheidung . D . Reichsgerichts Civilsachen . . . E . R . . GARY COLLECTION III. Journals Law. Annalen . Deutschen Reichs . Gesetzgebung . Archiv Recht . . Archiv Recht. . Archiv Praxis . Deutsche Juristenzeitung Jhrg. . Gerichtssaal . . Jahrbiicher Dogmatik (Gerber Ihering) . Ser. . . . Ser. II. . . Ser. III. ( ) . . Jahrbuch . Vereingigung . Rechtswissenschaft. . . Jahrbuch . Vereinginung . Gewerbliches Rechtsgeschiitz. . . Kritische Vierteljahrschrift Gesetzgebung . . Mitteilungen . Gesellschaft . Rechts · Staatswissenschaft Berlin. . ( Vierteljahrsschrift.) Seuffert' Archiv. . . Striethorst Archiv . Rechtsfalle Ober Tribunal. . . Verhandlungen . Deutschen Juristentages . Gesamtbericht. Vierteljahrschrift . Rechtswissenschaft. . II. . ( Mitteilungen). Zeitschrift Civilrecht Prozess. . . . . Zeitschrift Rechtswissenschaft. . . Zeitschrift . Recht. . . Zeitschrift Recht. . . ( Zeitschrift . . ). Zeitschrift Handelsrecht (Goldschmidt). . Supplements . Zeitschrift Civilrecht. . ( Zeitschr. . Biirgerl. Recht ). Zeitschrift Rechtsgeschichte. . Zeitschrift Savigny Stiftung . Rechtsgeschichte. (German. . Roman. Abtheilungen). . . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. IV. Treatises. Abraham Hanseatische Rechtssprechung. . Alexander Konkursgesetze Lander· . Amira Grundriss . Rechts. . Barre Biirgerliches Gesetzbuch Code Civil. . Bechmann Kauf . & II . . Berg Handbuch . Polizei Rechts . . Bernstein Revision . Wechselordnung. . Beseler System . Privatrechts. . . Bethmann Hollweg Civil μrozess. Binding Grundriss Strafprozessrechts. . . Birkmeyer Encyclopadie. . Boehm Handbuch . Nachlassrechts. . . Bornhak Preussisches Verwaltungsrecht. . Bresslau Urkundenlehre. . . Bruck Die Gegner Deportation. Ueber Spiel Wette. Bruckner Fideicommiss. . Brunner Forschungen Geschichte Rechts. . Anglo Erbfolgesystem. . Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. . Der Anteil Rechts Entwickelung Universitaten. . Entstehung Schwurgerichten. . Grundziige . Rechtsgeschichte. . Zur Rechtsgeschichte . . Urkunden. . Cosack Lehrbuch Rechts . . . Lehrbuch Handelsrechts. . . Dernburg Biirgerliches Recht Reichs Preussens. . II. III. Lehrbuch . Privatrechts. . Eger Enteignung . Grundeigenthums. Vols. Eisenbahnrecht. . Internationales Uebereinkommen Eisenbahnfrachtverkehr. . . Ehrenberg Versicherungsrecht . . GARY COLLECTION Endemann Handbuch . Handelsrechts. . Lehrbuch . . Rechts. . . Ficker Beitra. . Urkundenlehre. . Finger Unerlautender iVettbewerb Kommentar. . Freund Wechselrecht . Friedberg Formelbuch Handelsrecht. . . Frommhold Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. . Gestel Waarenbezeichnung. Gierke Deutches Privatrecht . . Rechtsgeschichte Genossenschaft. . Goldschmidt Handbuch . Handelsrechts . . . System . Handelsrechts .. . Grashof Wechselrecht . Araber. . Grawein Perfection Accepts. . Grimm Deutsche Rechtsalterthii. . . Gros Handbuch . Untersuchungsrichtern. . . Vols. Grii. Enteignungsrecht. . iVechselrecht. . Handbuch . . Konsularwesens. Heusler Gewere. . Institutionen. . Heymann Kommentar Burgerlichen Gesetzbuch. Hiestand Schadenersatzanspruch . Versicherers. . Holtzendorff Encyclopa. Rechtwissenschaft. . Parts . Horten Personalexecution . II . . Jaeger Konkurs . Gese . . Jhering Besitzwille. . Civilrechtsfallen. . . Grund . Besitzschutzes. . . J . . Lebens. . . Kampf Recht. . . Scherz Ernst. . . Trinkgeld. . . Vorgeschichte . Indo Europaer. . Justi Grundriss . Polizeiwissenschaft . Ka. Personenstandgesetz. . Katalog Reichsjustizamt. Ed. Kohler Aus . Patent. . Industrierecht. . . Einfii. . . Rechtswissenschaft. . Handbuch . Patentrechts. . Shakespeare Forum J . . Urgeschichte Ehe. . Pfandrechtliche Studien. . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. Kuhlenbeck Urheberrecht. . Lehmann Recht . Aktiengesellschaften. . Leonhard Irrtum. . Liebermann Die Gesetze Angelsachsen. . Parts . Loewe Strafprozess Ordnung . Reich. . Lorsch . Schroeder Urkunden Geschichte < Privatrechts. . . . Mandry Civilrechtliches Inhalt . Reichs Gesetze. . . Meili Institutionen . Rechtswissenschaft. . Wegweiser II . · Uebersicht Literatur. . Nussbau Leitfaden . Gerichsbarkeit. . Olshausen Kommentar Strafgesetzen . Reichs. . Parisius Cruger Genossenschaftrecht. . . Gesellschaft . Besschriebter Haftung . . Philler Grundbuchordnung. . Planck Burgerliches Gesetzbuch. . Lehrbuch . Deutschen Civilprozess. . Posse Die Lehre Privaturkunden. . Post Grundriss . Jurisprudenz. . . Puntschart Schuldvertrag Treugelobniss . Rechts. . Rieser Grundgedanken . . Kodifizirten Handelsrecht. . Roenne Baupolizei. . . Roetlisberger Urrheberrrecht Landern. . . Sarwley Kommentar Konkursordnung . . Reich . . Schroeder Lehrbuch . Rechtsgeschichte. . . Schaps Deutsches Seerecht. Parts . Schmidt '\Vaarenzeichenrecht. . Schnitzler Rechtsverkehr Deutschland . . Ver. Staaten . Amerika. . . Schulte Lehrbuch . Deutschen Reichs Rechtsgeschichte. . . Seuffert Konkursprozessrecht. . Seligsohn Patentgesetz. . . GARY COLLECTION Siegel Deutsche R . . . Sohm Recht . Eheschliessungen. . Frii. . Romisches Recht. . Spaeing Franz Englisches Wechselrecht. . Franz Englisches Handelsrecht. . Staub Kommentar Wechselordnung. . . Handelgesetzbuch. . . Stephan Schmidt Schutz . Urheberrechts. . Stintzing Geschichte . Reichswechselrecht II & III . . Stobbe Geschichte Rechtsquellen. . . Handbuch Privatrechts. . . . Stoelzel Schulung . Praxis. . Rechtslehre . Rechtsrechnung. . Stoerk Zur Methodik Rechts. Die Litteratur Rechts. Option Plebiscit Eroberungen Gebietcessionen. Struckmann Koch Civilprozessordnungen . aLtfl. . Thudichum Geschichte Privatrechts. . Wagner Seerecht. . . Weber Geschichte Handelsgesellschaft Mittelalter. . . Zallinger iVesen Ursprung Formalismus . . (See INTERNATIONAL LAW) . OR.EECE. Codes Statutes GARY COLLECTION HUNGARY. . Codes Statutes. Corpus Juris Htmgarici Editio . \ . . ( . Latin Hungarian.) (Contents V Articuli . . VI Opus Tripartitum Stephani Werh . VII Approbatae ). Ungarische Gesetzsammlung. ( German Hungarian). A Magyar K . Torveny . Dr. Nagy F. (Commercial Code). Osz t . Ralas E. (Penal Code) . Darday S. Kozigazgatasi Torvenytar. Vols. (Collection ). Low Das Handelsgesetzbuch. Martinet Dareste Code Hongroi . II. Decisions Courts. Dontvenytar. A . Kir. Curia . . . Index. III. J Law. Jogallam Jog . Szerkestik Edv Illes Karoly Baumgarten Nandor Gyomal Zsigmond. . . ( Law State Monthly) . Jogtudomanyi Koslony . S . . Dardai S. Fayer L. . . . Index . (Magazine Legal Science). Jogtudomanyi . ( ) . IV. Treatises. Von Timon A. Ungarische Verf. . R (Schiller' .) Ed . . • (See AusTRIA) . ITALY. . Codes Statutes. Codici Regno ' (Manuali Barbera) . (Text Commentary). OF CONTINENT AL LAW. Prudhomme Code Italien . . Turrel Code Italien . . Code Italien Janvier . . Nani Repertorio ( ). . Nani Supplement . Cronaca Legislativa . . II. Decisions Courts. Annali Giurisprudenza . . Monitore Tribunale . . Ill. Law. Serafini Archivio Giuridico ( ). IV. Treatises. Brandileone I Contratto Matrimonio. . Cattaneo Introduzione Scienze Giuridiche. Calisse Storia . . Chironi Trattato Privilegi Impoteche Pegno . Ficker Forschungen Reichs Rechtsgeschichte Italiens. La Mantia Storia . . Manzini L'Evoluzione Stato Diritto Penale. . Patetta Ordalie. Fertile Storia . . . Pacifici Mazzoni Codice . . Racioppi Forme Stato. . Le Sei Piu Recent Costituzioni Stati Uniti D'America. . Salvioli Manuali . . Schupfer Manuale . . LUXEMBOURG. Codes Statutes Decisions. Code Commerce Luxembourg. Code Luxembourg. Code ' Luxembourg. Relations Luxemburg. Code Luxembourg. GARY COLLECTION Pasinomie Luxembourgeoise (Recueil Lois Decrets Arretes Reglements .. G. . Dl! Luxembourg) . Vols. V. MONACO. ·Codes Statutes. Code Monaco . Collection Monaco . Code Monaco. Code ' Monaco. Code Monaco. Code Commerce Monaco. Ordonnance Consulats \Ionaco. Rolland Projet R Code Procedure Monaco. Rolland Projet Code Procedure Monaco . MONTENEGRO. Codes Statutes. Alimena Legislazione Montenegro. Bogisic Code (Texte ). Cettinj . Bogisic Code (French Dareste Riviere) . Code Biens Dareste. . Codici Montenegro. Gesetzbuch Daniel . Montenegro ( ) . Popovic R Gericht Montenegro . Vernie Wichtigkeit . Montenegr. R . NETHERLANDS. . Codes Statutes. De Nederlandsche W Nov. . J. A. Fruin. . . Ned. Staatswetten (Schuurman) . Oudemans Nederlandsche Wetboeken . . De Nederlandsche Staatswetten Meyer. . Codes Neerlandais Tripels. . . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. II. Decisions Courts. Nederlandsche Regtspraak . . Ill. Journals Law. Themis . . IV. Treatises. Fockema Andreae Bydragen Nederlandsche R . . IV. Molengraaf Leidraad Beoefening Nederlandsche Handelsrecht. (See BELGIUM.) · NOR.WAY. . Codes S . Mejlaender Almindelig Norsk Lovsamling . Ed. . Faerder Norsk Lovsamling . II. Decisions Courts. [See J .] Ill. Journals Law. Tidsskrift Retsvidenskab . Bertyrelsen . Stang' Stiftelse Christiania Years . Norsk R . IV. Treatises. Amira Nordgennanisches Obligationsrecht . Brandt Forelaesinger Norske Retshistorie. . Hagerup Den Norske Civilprocess. Panteret . Nordisk R . Aschoug Berg Krieger . A . . . Plato Norsk Arveret . Scheel Aegtefallers Formuesret. Taranger Udsigt Norske . . (See DENMARK .) GARY COLLECTION PORTUGAL. . Codes Statutes. Codigo Edicao . . Codigo . Codigo Julho . Quinta . Codigo . Cod. Setembro . Code Ier G. Laucyrie Joseph Dubois. . Code Commerce Ernest Lehr . II. Decisions Courts. Gazetta Relacao Lisboa . . III. Journals Law. Direito Revista Jurisprudencia Legislacao J . Luciano Castro. . . ROUMANIA. . Codes Statutes. Codul Romaniei Hancangiu . (Collection .) Code Commerce Roumain Joan Bohl. . II. Decisions Courts. Curierul (Doctrina ) Redactor Ion N. Cesarescu. Bucuresti . III. Journals Law. ( Decisions.) IV. Treatises. Alexandresco Droit Ia Roumanie. . Blaramberg Les Ies Roumanie. . Bohl Le . . OF CONTINENTAL LAW. R.USSIA.* . Codes Statutes. ( ) Codes Law Russian Empire Official . ( ) A. Borovikovsky Law Civil Procedure Decisions Civil Cassation Department Senate. ( ) A. Borovikovsky Civil Laws (Code Laws Vol. . ) Commentary Notes Decisions Civil Cassation Department Senate. ( ) H . S. Taganzoff Code Criminal Corrective Punishment Annotations. ( ) S. G. Stcheglovistoff Criminal Procedural Statutes Emperor Alexander II Commentary Decisions . Tchernow Code Commerce Russe II. Decisions Courts. ( ) Collection Decisions Cassation Departments Senate . Official Edition. III. Law. ( ) Jurist . . ( ) Vestnik Prava (Journal Law) . IV. Treatises. ( ) Anisimoff Documents Certifiable Parish Authorities. V. Budanov Histoire Chrestomathie . Diakoff La Russie . . Halban Geschichte Deutschen Rechts Podolien. R. Hube Histoire . . ( ) Kazansky Function Lectures Legal Faculties. . ( ) Kazansky Corpus Juris Gentium. . Klibanski Die Wechselordnung . Codex R. Civilrechts. . Handtman Russisches Handelsverkehrrecht. Vol. . Lehr Elements . Vols. * Russian Russian . GARY COLLECTION ( ) Leontieff Parish Court Juridical Customs Peasants. Macieiowski S Rechtsgeschichte ( Polish). . ( ) . K. Malisheff Course Civil Laws Russia Finland Poland Baltic Provinces Bessarabia Jews Moslems. ( ) P. Mrotchek Drozdovsky History Russian Law. ( ) Palienko Sovereignty. . ( ) ( ) Poustorosleff Volition Criminal Law. . ( ) Poustorosleff Legal Position Persons Crime. . ( ) Poustorosleff Lectures Special Parts Russian Criminal Law. . ( ) ( ) Poustorosleff Principle Criminality. . ( ) Romanovich Slavatinksy System Russian Political Law. . ( ) B. Stavsky Civil Law Kingdom Poland Decisions IX Department Warsaw ( ) Civil Cassation Department ( ) Senate. ( ) A. Stoff Mining Laws Explanation Mining Laws Russia. RUSSIA FINLAND AND BALTIC PROVINCES. Journals Law. Tidskrift Juridiska Finland Vols. . . Treatises. Broecker Livlandisches Estlandisches . Kurlandisches Privatrecht. Chydenius Hustrus F rm . Forha. . La. Leveransaftalet. Erdmann System Privatrechts Ostseeprovinzen. Vols. Forsman Straffra. . Jarn. Montgomery Handboki Finlands Privatra. . Malisheff ( RussrA) . Schmidt Rechtsgeschichte Liv Est Kurlands Wrede Giftermals . Sakra. . Allma. . . U ts . Konkursra. . Bevisra. . (See SWEDEN). OF CONTINENT AL LAW. SERBIA.* . Codes Statutes. Collection Serbian . Serb. Civ Handelsgesetzbuch. Serb. Civilgesetzbuch. Serb. Strafgesetzbuch. Serb. Gesetzbuch Civilprozess . Serb. Concursegesetzbuch. Serb. Verfassung . II. Decisions Courts. Collection Decisions Serbian Court. III . Law. Branic (Serbian Law Journal) IX . IV. Treatises. System Serbischen Civilrechts. Serb . Jury. Serb. Verwaltungsrecht . Serb. vVechselrecht. Serb. Gem . Serb. Handelsrecht. Serb. Erbfolgerecht. Grenzen Serb. Richtergewalt. Jovanovic Geschichte Serbischen Rechts. Peritch Le Traite Berlin Question Nationalite Rapport Principaute Serbie . SPAIN. . Codes Statutes. Cdigo Civil M. Falcon Vols. Codigo Comercio . V. Romero Giron . Codigo Constitution Monarquia Junio . . . . Ley ! Estado . . . Ley Reglamento Junio . . Leve Code . . Prudhomme Code Commerce . . * All Servian Professor Peritch' . Its . GARY COLLECTION II. Decisions Courts. Jurisprudenzia Vols . . Jurisprudenzia Vols. . III. Journals Law. Revisto Generalo Legislacion Vols. . IV. Treatises. Antequera Historia . Brau Geschichte Rechts . . Chapado Garcia Historia Derecho Espanol. . Estanyol Colom Derecho Canonico (Historia ). . Gil Censos Legislacione . Hinojosa Historia . . Ielfferich Entstehung Geschichte W . . Neumann Derecho International Publico Moderno. . Sela. Perena Puente Derecho U . . Valverde Las Modernas Direcciones Derecho Civil. La Nacionalidad . SWEDEN. . Codes Statutes. Sveriges Rikes Log ( Codes). . Swedish Fundamental Law ( ). . Codes ( ' ' ! ) Grasserie. . (See JOURNALS.) II. Decisions Courts. (See JOURNALS) . [II. Journals Law Nytt Jurisdisk Arkiv Vols. '. ( ). (See NORWAY RussrA FlNLAND.) lY. Treatises. Hagestr Svensk Straffriitt. Nordlung Foreliisningar Arfdabalken. Nordling Boskilnad d dsmaμsbo. Olivecrona Testamentsriitten. W iμr ot Svem .J . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. SWITZERLAND. . Codes Statutes. Bundesgesetzgebung Supplement. Vlolf Schweizerisches Rechtsbuch. Vols. Sammlung Verfassungen. . Sammlung Gesetze . . . Civilrecht Kantons Basel. . Zeerleder Reichel Bernische Civilgesetze. Vols. Code Civil Canton Grisons R. Grasserie. . Jaeger St. Gallisches Privatrecht . Huber Thurgauisches Rech . Aargauisches Rechtsbuch. . Neuchatel Nouveau ( ). Ziircherische Rechtspflege (Straiili). . Luzerner Ziv. . Ziv. . Gesetze (Bossard & Weibel). . II. Decisions Courts. Entsch. . Schweizerischen Bundesgerichts. Vols. . Schweizerische Rechtssprechung (Brodbeck). . Ill. Law. Zeitschrift Schweizerisches Recht Vols. . ( Vols. Vols. ). IV. Treatises. Faesler Bundesgeset . Schuldbetreibung Supplement. Vols. Huber System . Geschichte . Schw Privatrechts. Vols . . Orelli Vorlesungen Schweizerische Rechtsgeschichte . . . Stoos Grundziige . Schweizerischen Strafrechts. Vols. TUR.KEY (IN EUROPE). . Codes S . Destour (Collection Turkish ). Aristarchi Bey Legislation Recueil . Nicolaides. Vols. . Piat Code Commerce . . Meysonnasse Code . . . . . ( ).. .. GARY COLLECTION II. Decisions Courts. Djeridie Mukakisir Hadlie Years Vols. . III. Journals Law. ( Decisions). IV. Treatises. Arslanian Recht Grundeigenthums Erbrecht . . Turkei. . Baillie Digest Mohammedan Law. . Derenbourg Lambert Traite . . Klasim Zia Expose . . MacDonald Muslim Theology Jurisprudence Constitutional Theory. . Nauphal Cours . . Savvas Pacha Theorie . . Le Tribunal . . Tornauw Droit . . Van Berg Minhadj Talibin. . Zuynball Handleiding Kennis Mohammedaansche . . ECCLESIASTICAL LAW.* Corpus Juris Canonici . Friedberg . . Biener Beitrage . Geschichte . Inquisitionsprozess. Esmein Etudes ' . Vols. Fournier Les Officialites . Hinschius Kirchenrecht. Vols. VI . Schulte Geschichte Quellen Literatur Canonischen Rechts Gratian Gegenwart. Vols. Tanon Histoire !' France. R.OMAN LAW. Accarias Precis . . . . Bruns Syrisch R Rechtsbuch. . Corpus Juris Civilis Ed. Kruger Mommsen Schoell Kroll. Vols. . * Roman English . OF CONTINENT AL LAW. Cuq Les Romains. . . Dernburg Pandekten Ed. (Vol. . Ed.). Flach Etudes ' . . Fontes Juris Romani . Bruns Mommsen Gradenwitz . VI. . Gaii Institutiones . Dubois ' Studemund. . Jhering Entwickelung Geschichte . r Rechts. . Jhering Geist Romischen Rechts. . J Romische Wissenschaft . . Republik . . . Jurisprudentia . Huschke. . Lambert L' XII Tables. Karlowa Romische Rechtsgeschichte Vols. II . . Kruger Geschichte Quellen. . Mortreuil Histoire . . Pernice Labeo. Vols. III . Savigny F. C. Geschichte r R Mit. . Lene! Palingenesia. . Vocabularium . Gradenwitz . . Windscheid Pandekten . Vols. Zachariae . Lingenthal Gesch. . Rechts. . INTERNATIONAL LAW.* . Pasicrisie Internationale (La Fontaine) Vol. Revue Hl Vols. VII. Zeitschrift . Privat . Strafrecht . Vols. . La Justice Internationale Vol. . (Monthly Review Decisions International Court Hague.) *These International Law Library ( Annuaire 'Institut Martens' R British Foreign State Papers .) purchasP. Gary . GARY COLLECTION. Le DroiL ' \uLcur Vols. . (Journal International Copyright Union Berne.) (See FRANCE GERMANY.) Treatises Collections. Bonfils Manuel . . . . Calvo Le . . Vols. Collection Isabel II . Marques Olivard . Dumont Rousset Corps ! ' . Charlemagne ' . Vols. Supplement ' . ' !' Charlemagne Barbeyrac . . Negotiations Munster Osnaberg. Vols. Histoire . Vervins ' Nimeque. . Recueil France ( ) . C. Freycinet Jules De Clercq. Vols. Fiore Nouveau . Antoine. Vols. Heffter Europaisches Volkerrecht. . . Leske L R Verkehr. Vols. Martitz Internationale Rechtshilfe Strafsachen. Vols. Pelissier Rausas Le !' Ottomane. Vol. . Pradier Fodere Traite . Vols. Salzedo Clotet Traites . Tome Ier ( ). Weiss Traite . Vols. . Zitelmann Internationales . Vols. . (See AUSTRIA FRANCE GERMANY SPAIN RussIA II SELECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. An Address Delivered Course Legal Tactics z Luther Lajl£ Mills Esq.* By State . State Illinois " " . . Surviving ' . Christendom . Not · ! ( ) . And * . . LEGAL TACTICS. . Illinois . . State ' . " " la . Jurors . . There . . MANAGEMENT Of A JURY. . . . And . . . Northwestern University Law School Selection Management Jury . . And . ' " " . State . . . . Now appre LEGAL TA CTI CS. . . He . . One . ' . . State . " ." " Every ." " Section Chapter Hurd' Revised Statutes . ." Section Chapter "Jurors Illinois ! proporMANAGEMENT OF A JURY. First. Inhabitants . Second. Of ( ) ( ) . Third. . Fourth. Free English ." . . . . . ' . Statute. To . They . Paragraphs Section Chapter Revised Statutes . " ." . LEGAL TACTICS. . " " English . . To English . . Too ' · . . . . . Never . . His . . Keep . . Christian . . State . MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. . Never { . Pardon . Some State. . . . Indeed . . . After . ' . Upon . . . " . Did ?" "Yes ." "Well " " ." . LEGAL TACTICS. . . . Management Jury . . Of . ' . Generally . He . . Indeed . Thomas Drummond United States Circuit Court . An . . . During . After . He . Beginning path ' ' . MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. Hibernian . ' . . Be . . . Enthusiasm . . . By . Fix ' . On ' Abraham Lincoln . Years County Sangamon State . An . . They · . . While Sheriff County Springfield. No Sheriff . They . Sangamon . To Sangamon . He LEGAL TACTICS. . ' " ." He Abraham Lincoln. . On . A Springfield . . He Lincoln . Twelve . ' . Lincoln . ' . Lincoln . . Lincoln . " Proceed " . ' . He Lincoln . He . He . He . He "My Sangamon . . MANAGEMENT OF A JURY. . Now " ' " ." He "After ." . He " . " . " !" He . ' . There "Lincoln . We ?" . Faith Lincoln . . https://plrccollections.org/files/original/eaa694e7c649074b59e4fe9148661808.pdf 495588aa425a5f42f9e7160e16b79ab1 PDF Text Text SUPPLEMENT SERIES III AUGUST_NOVEMBER, 1904 NUMBERII NOR-THWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAG O-E VANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED 1859 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN LAKE AND UNIVERSITY BUILDING DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY ��CALENDAR OF SESSION, 1904-1905 1904. September 26, Monday, September 27, Tuesday, September 28, \,Yednesday, September 29, Thursday, November 24, Thursda y, December 23, Friday, 1905. January S, Thursday, January 26, Thursday, January 30, Monday, February 4, Saturday, February 6, Monday, February 22, ·wednesday, May 20, Saturday, May 25, Thursday, June rs, Thursday, Registration Day for New Students. Registration Day for Applicants for Advanced Standing. Registration Day for Other Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close for Christmas Recess. Christmas Recess Ends, Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. V\Tashington's Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered at the _Post Office at Chica~o. Ill., as second-class matte 1 Lectures �REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR 1904.* EDMUND JANES JAMES, Ph. D., LL. D. , President of the University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE, (A . M., LL. B., Harvard University) Professor oj Law and Dean of the Fq,culty. HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD, (LL. D .. Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor of Law. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE, (A. M ., Yale University; LL. B .. Harvard University) Associate Professor of Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES, (A. B., LL. B., Harvard Universit y) Associate Professor of Law. SAMUEL ADAMS , (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B. , Northwestern University) Assistant Professor in the Law of Crimes and Criminal Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE, (A. B., Amherst College; LL. B., Northwe•tern University) Associate Professor of Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD, (A. 114., LL. B., Harvard University) Professor oj Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY, (A. B., Harvard University) Professor in the Law of Conveyancing and Mortgages. *Arranged, with the exception of President and Dean, within each 2roup in the order of seniority of appointment. 2 �THE LAW SCHOOL. 3 LEVI HAR.PER FULLER. (B. S., Upper Iowa University; LL. B., Iowa State Univenity) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD, (A. M., Dickinson College; LL. M., Cornell University) Professor of Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Patents. WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Patent Practice. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Associate Professor in the Law of Patents. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE, (A. B., Harvard University; LL. B., Northwestern University) Professor in the Law of Procedure and Practice. Lectursr on Legal Ethics. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM , (A. B., Northwestern University) Instructor in Voice Training and Forensics. HENRY LEE PRESCOTT, (A. B .• LL. B., Harvard UniTersity) Instructor in Forensics. JOSEPH ROBERT, Instructor in Parliamentary Law. CHARLES PICKARD, Lecturer on Trade-Mark and Copyright. CHARLES BYRD ELDER, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Lecturer on Extraordinary Legal Remedies and!Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL, (B. S., Wabash College ; LL. B. , Northwestern University) Lecturer on Insurance. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY, (LL. B., Northwestern University) Secretary of the Law School and of the Faculty. ��REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION AS GIVEN IN 1904-. FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM . C011tracts-Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. Torts-Three hours a week. Ames' and Smith's Cases on Torts. Professor VhGMOtiE. Property (!)-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. I, II. ( Personal property; tenures and estates in real property ; fixtures, profits, easements, covenants running with land, rents.) Professor KALES. Co1111non Law Pleading and Procedure-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Pleading; Andrews' Stephen on Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes and Criminal Proced·1 tre-Two hours a week. Beale's Cases on Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM . Contracts (continued)-Three hours a week. Professor \Iv OODW ARD. Torts (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor WIGMORE. Prop erty (I) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Com·mo11 Law Pleading and Proced11,re (continued)-One hour a week. Lectures and practical exercises. Professor ADAll!S. Master and S ervaut in Tort-One hour a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Agency. Professor WIGMORE. Dam.ages-One hour a week. Beale's Cases on Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence-Two hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Evidence, 2d Professor WIGMORE. edition. Trusts-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Trusts. Professor WooDWARD. Agency- Two hours a week. \Vambaugh's Cases Ort Agency. Prnfoss@r ·l,1n111s, 5 �6 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Comniercial Paper-Three· hours a week. and Notes. Ames' Cases on Bills Professor HYDE. Equity Jurisdiction-Thre e hours a week. Ames' Cases on Equity Professor SCHOFIELD. Jurisdiction. Property (JJ}-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. III, IV. (Acquisition of real property inter vivos, including deeds, covenants, etc.; devolution of property at death, including Professor KALES. descent, wills, administration, etc.) Perso11s (Domestic Relatio 11s)-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Persons. Professor KALES. SECOND TERM. E,:idence (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor Vv'rGMORE. RropertJ' (II) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction ( continued)-Three hours a week. Ames' Cases on Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi-Contracts-Three hours a week. Keener's Cases on QuasiProfessor WooDw ARD. Contracts. [Given in 1904-1905, and alternate years.] Sales of Personalty-Three hours a week. Williston's Cases on Professor WooDw ARD. Sales. [Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.] Insurance (Fire and Life}-Two hours a week. Wambaugh's Cases on Insurance. Mr. HALL. Equity Pleading and Pro cedure-Two hours a week. Fletcher on Equity Pleading; and practical exercises. Professor ADAMS. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM. Corporations-Two hours a week. tions. Smith's Cases on CorporaProfessor LITTLE. Procedure and Practice -in Illinois-Two hours a week. Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law ( I )-Two hours a week. Scott's Cases on International I.aw, Professor HYDE, �THE LAW SCHOOL. 7 International Law (JJ)-American Treaties and Diplomacy; topics Professor HYDE. for re~earch. Two hours a week. Sttret·y ship-Two hours a week. Ames' Cases on Suretyskip. Professor LITTLE. fttdgments and Aiixiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments, Garnishment, Execution, etc.)-One hour a week. Rood's Cases on Attachments and Judgments. Mr. ELDER. C onstitittional Law-Three hours a week. Thayer's Cases on Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (lll}-Two hours a week. Gray's Cases on Property, Vols. V, VI. ( Conditional and future interests; restraints on alienation; fraudulent transfers; registration of deeds; conversion and election; joint ownership; curtesy and dower; homestead.) Professor KALES. Admiralty mtd M ariite lnsitrance-Three hours a week. Professor HYDE. Conveyancing-One hour a week. Drafting exercises, study of selected abstracts, and lectures on practice. Professor GREELEY. Conflict of Laws-Three hours a week. Beale's Cases on Conflict Professor HYDE. of Laws. Code Pleading and Proceditre-One hour a week. Cases on Code Professor WOODWARD. Pleading. Practice Court-Two hours a week, at a single session. Causes prepared and conducted through all details of litigation, by students as attorneys and counselors, under the direction of a professor as judge. Professor ,FULLER. *Patents of Invention (!}-General Survey. Five lectures. Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II and III will not be given, unless at least twenty special students apply for them before October 15. (/l}-Patent Soliciting. Twenty lectures, with practical exerProfessor DYRENFORTH. cises. (III)-Patent Law and Practice. Forty lectures. Professor BA:RNETT. •These three form a single course: the first part is open to all studentq; the second and third parts are open to students of the second and third years, and to special students, but cannot be taken separately. The nutnber of lectures is equiValent to two hours a week through the year, and vrQrk lu. t;hg course will therefore be credited as four term hour,., �8 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. SECOND TERM. Corporations (continued)-Two hours a week (with exercises in conducting corporate legal business, drafting instruments, etc.). Professor LITTLE. Bankrnptcy-Two hours a week. vVilliston's Cases on Bankruptcy. Professor WooDWARD. Constitutional Law (continucd)-Two hours a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers-Three hours a week. McClain's Cases on Carriers; Beale's Cases on Carriers. Professor HYDE. [Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.] Conveyancing (continued)-One hour a week. Professor GREELEY. Mortgage$-Two hours a week. Kirchwey's Cases on Mortgages. Professor GREELEY. Public Officers-One hour a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. [Omitted in 1904-1905, and alternate years.] Practice Co11rt (continued)-Two hours a week, at a single Professor FULLER. session. Pateiits of Invention (continued). Professor BARNETT. Property (III) (continued)-Two hours a week. Professor KALES. Municipal Corporations-Two hours a week. Smith's Cases on Municipal Corporations. Professor ScHoFiELD. Partnership-T\'vo hours a week. Ames' Cases on Partnership. Professor LITTLE. E xtraordinary Legal R e·medies (Mandamus, Quo Warranto, Habeas Corpus, etc.)-One hour a week. Mr. ELDER. Jurisdiction of Federal Cottrfs-One hour a week. Professor SCHOFIELD. The total number of term hours offered for selection in this curriculum is one hundred and eleven, the equivalent of nearly fifty -six hours a week through the year. The courses being graded as carefully as possible between the three year-groups, no first-year student may take courses in the second or third year-groups without special permission; and no second year student may take courses in the third year-group (except Constitutional Law and Patents of Invention) without special permission; and a third-year student taking the courses of Conveyancing and Property III n1ust already have taken the courses of Property I and II. But any regular student i11~y take any course offered in the group of the year for wiiicfl he is t!nteted; or ~-11¥ ~ourse not already taken by him in a precedii-lg year, �THE LAW SCHOOL. 9 COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade-Marks and Copyrights-Six lectures. Mr. PICKARD. General Review-Five hours a week for a month; given twice, in September and April, prior to the State examination for admiss.ion to the bar. Mr. DENT. Legal Ethics-Five lectures. Professor FOLLAN SBEE. SCHEDULE OF HOURS. The schedule of hours is so arranged that the courses are given in general as follows : first year courses, between one and four o'clock in the afternoon; second year courses, between nine and twelve o'clock in the morning; third year courses, between three and seven o'clock in the afternoon. The Practice Court is held in the evening at half past seven. SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. In addition to the systematic instruction in the body of the law, as represented in the foregoing curriculum, an effort is made to provide adequate training in the practical use of legal knowledge and discipline, as well as in certain important details of legal writing and speaking, which help materially to equip the accomplished lawyer. The various branches of work directed to this end are as follows: I. Pleadings and Other lnstrmnents-ln the courses on Common Law Pleading, Code Pleading, and Equity Pleading, in addition to the systematic course of study, the student is given exercises in the drafting of the various kinds of pleadings. In Corporations, the class is formed, during the second term, into two corporations, which organize, elect officers, issue stock, enlarge capital, keep books, consolidate, and do various other acts of corporate business which call for the drafting of instruments and otherwise familiarize the student with the modes of using the legal knowledge acquired. In the other courses, particularly Commercial Paper, Carriers, Insurance, and the like, particular attention is paid to the study of forms of instruments in common use. 2. Conveyancing-In the course pn conveyancing the chief material of the work consists in a series of selected abstracts of title, some fifteen in all, representing the greatest variety of document3 and proceedings involving property rights. A separate copy of each abstract is placed in the hands of every member of the class, and a detailed study is made of the various matters of form and substance from the conveyancer's point of view, and with regard to the laws of the different States. Thorough work in this course ought to equip the student as a practical conveyancer at the time of 'his entering upon his profession. No one may take this course who has not already taken the courses Property I and II. �10 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. 3. Practice Coiirt-In the several courses of lectures on Procedure and Practice a systematic and detailed survey is taken of the rules of law. In the Practice Court an opportunity is given to the third-year students to become practically familiar with these rules by the personal application of them in litigation managed by the student himself. The Court's sessions are held weekly, on Thursday evenings, for two hours. During each session from one to three cases are tried, with and without a jury; and other cases are disposed of in various aspects. In the mean time, between the sess.ions, numbers of causes are being prepared and advanced from .tage to stage by the student-attorneys in charge. While the proceedings are dispatched, at the hearings, by the respective attorneys, all other members of the class are required to attend and make notes and reports of the work being clone, so that each one obtains aome lilenefit also from what is done in his presence by others. A faithful observance of the work of this course ought to give the graduate such an experience in using his legal knowledge as will assist him materially to start in his profession with greater readiness and practical facility. The systematic pursuit of such work under an experienced instructor obtains for the student the same results as a period of desultory service in a law office, and is more economical in time and more thorough and accurate in quality. A copy of the printed Rules of the Practice Court will be mailed to any one upon request. 4. Legal Tactics-For the past two years, on every Monday evening until April, an address was given, by some well-known member of the Bar, upon some topic of practice in which he had had special experience, and in which the communication of personal experience was of special value as a guide to others. This course has been of particular value to young practitioners already at the Bar, and will be repeated in r904-r905, with some variations. 5. Thesis-It is the desire of the Faculty to encourage original research by students. Any member of the third-year class may · therefore obtain credit to an amount not exceeding two term hours by presenting a satisfactory thesis upon some legal topic approved by a member of the Faculty before December rst. The the!lis must be presented on or before May r5th of the year in which the student ·expects to graduate; it must be printed on the typewriter or otherwise, and is to be kept permanently in the school. The work should be begun not later than December. 6. Public Speaking-The function of a lawyer, as the persuasive adviser and leader of men, needs for its development some training in oral argument and debate, use of the voice, conduct of meetings, and the like. �THE LAW SCHOOL. FOLLOWING ARE THE REVISED REGULATIONS 11 FOR THE WORK IN PUBLIC SPEAKING AND MOOT COURTS IN 1904-5. The instruction now provided under the heads of Public Speaking and Moot Courts shall be consolidated into a single graded course continuing through the three years. The work in this course shall be required for graduation, beginning with all persons entering in 1904. Persons entering with advanced standing who have not taken equivalent work elsewhere are subject to the remaining requirements, applicable to the class which they enter, except that a candidate for a degree in one year may be exempted from specified parts of the work, or may be required to substitute the second year for the third year work. The course at large shall be entitled Forensic vVriting and Speaking. In the first year it shall be entitled, Forensics, Lectures and Exercises; in the second year, Moot Court and Public Debate ; in the third year, Practical Legal Advice. The credit for work done shall be as follows : First year, r term hour; second year, 1 term hour; third year, 1 term hour. The first year work shall be as follows: I. a. Parliamentary Practice; October; ( r) Elementary Course, followed by examination; (2) advanced course, followed by an examination or thesis; this to be open only to not more than twenty students passing the best examination in the elementary course, and not to be a required part of the work. b. Voice Training; November to January, inclusive; exercises in sections of twelve or fifteen, once a week. c. Legal _Arg11mentatio11 and Briefs; November to April, inclusive; once a week at 3 :45 P . M.; not more than twenty lectures on Argumentation, accompanied by individual exercises in BrieJwriting, subject to private correction and public criticism by the instructor. d. Oral Forensics; May; the last two weeks before the final examinations; all fir st year regular lecture courses ceasing, the corresponding hours are to be occupied by Oral Forensics in each course, held by the Professor in that course, sitting with the instructor in �12 NORTHWESTERN UNIVBRSITY. Forensics. A list of numbered debatable propositions drawn from the subjects of the respective courses shall be posted not later than l\Iarch r. For work clone in; parts a (!), b, c and d, combined, a credit of one term hour is to be allowed. The second year work shall be as follow s : II. a. Moot Courts. In the second year a Moot Court shall be held every Friday from November I to May r, at I :45 P. M. The second year class shall be divided into two sections, A and B, each section to meet on alternate weeks. The work shall consist of the preparation and delivery of arguments and opinions of law on statements of facts assigned beforehand. All statements of facts shall be delivered to the counsel in the case by October I. Each Professor shall preside at three cases consecutively. The chief counsel, two on each side, shall hold a conference with the presiding Professor fo ur weeks before the day set for argument at an hour appointed on the Bulletin Board; at this conference, each side shall present (in separate consultation), an outline of the proposed argument, in the form of brief propositions without citation of authorities, and the Professor shall make such criticism and revision as may seem desirable. One week beforehand, counsel on each side shall post on the official bulletin board a copy of their final brief, with citation of authorities in type-writing, or plain handwriting on legal cap paper, and he shall hand another copy to the opposing side. On the day of argument, the Professor shall preside as judge, with two members of the section as associate judges. Each attorney assigned shall be allowed not more than ten minutes for argument in chief. All the other members of the same section shall attend, and each member, not assigned as counsel or judge, shall make an argument, not to exceed five minutes; in at least every other case, i. e., at least once every four weeks. The assigned counsel shall then have not more than five minutes each for closing. The instructor in Public Speaking shall then make such criticism as may appear necessary, and the presiding judge shall then do the same, this closing stage to be allotted not more than twenty minutes. An opinion shall be written by the associate judges and filed at the Secretary's office not later than one week after the elate of argument. The mark of each member of the section shall be determined by his work as counsel, assigned and unassigned, and as judge. No student shall be recommended for a degree (except by unanimous vote of the Faculty) who has not satisfactorily done the work of �THE LAW SCHOOL. 13 this course; except that persons entering the third year class from another School may by vote be excused from this work. b. Public Debate. A student entering the preliminary contests for the Towle Prizes for Public Speaking in April and being selected for the second preliminary and taking part therein, may receive a credit of one term hour. No student shall be eligible for this contest who has not taken the work of I, a, b and c, or the equivalent in another School. The third year work shall be as follows: III. a. Legal Advice Cl11bs. All third year students are to enter Legal Advice Clubs, formed by voluntary selection on or before October ro, supplemented by assignments to vacancies by the Secretary of the School; each club to contain not less than four nor more than six members, and to elect a Secretary. Difficult cases ;irising in actual practice, sent in for advice for alumni or other practitioners will be submitted to the Clubs in rotation as the cases come in. On 24 hours' notice to the Secretary of the Club, the Club is to meet the Dean or a Professor specially in charge, at 3 :15 P. M., in his office, and to discuss the ques tions involved; a written opinion, citing authorities, is to be handed the Professor specially in charge within seven days or such other time as may be agreed upon. b. B11reait of Justice. After December r not more than ten students are to be assigned for practical office and trial work as assistants in the Chicago Bureau of Justice, University Branch, either to the Settlements or Police Courts, as may appear most practicable. The assignments to be made to those who beforehand file their names with the Secretary of the School, in order of the time of filing and rank of the student in scholarship, but no student having grade C in more than one course to be eligible for assignment. The number of hours of work from each person to be determined by agreement with the Superintendent of the Bureau. (This work is not yet organized for 1904-5.) For work done in part a a credit of one term hour to be allowed to each member of a club; provided that club has furnished n9t less than eight cases in the year. 7. PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR REQUIRED WORK IN LEGAL HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE, 1904-5. Course A (First Year). llltroduction to Legal History and the Study of Law. Materials for prescribed reading: ( a) Blackstone's Commentaries (any edition), Introduction, Sections 2, 3; Book I, Chapters 2, S, 9; Book III, Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; Book I, Chapters rr, 12; Book III, Chapters r8, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27; Book IV, �14 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Chapters 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32; Book II, Chapters 4, 5; Book IV, Chapter 33; (b) Wambaugh's Study of Cases; (c) Woodruff's Introductory Survey; and ( d) Wilson's History of Modern English Law. One term hour of credit. Course B ( Second Year). History of the English Legal System. Materials for prescribed reading: Pollock & Maitland, History of the English Law, Volume I; and, 2. History of the Bench and Bar in Modern Times. Materials for prescribed reading: Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors ( from Lord Hardwicke). One term hour of credit. Course B B (Second Year optional) . I. History of the Leading Principles of the Law. Materials for prescribed reading: Pollock & Maitland, History of the English Law, Vol. II, or, Sundry Essays on Legal History (in various law journals, etc. ; a printed list of the titles and citations is on file in the Secretary's Office) ; and 2. History of the Bench and Bar: Materials for prescribed reading : ( a) Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors (from Sir Thomas More); (b) any one of the following four: Campbell's Lives of the Chief Justices (from Sir Edward Coke), Arnould's Life of Lord Denman, Autobiography of Lord Campbell, Twiss' Life of Lord Eldon; and ( c) Brown's Life of Rufus Choate. One term hour of credit. Course C (Third Year) . I. General Jurisprudence. Materials for prescribed reading: ( a) Austin's Jurisprudence, or Holland's Jurispri1dence, or Terry's Principles of Law; (b) Lee's Historical Jurisprudence; and (c) Maine's Ancient Law. One term hour of credit. or, 2. International Law. Materials for prescribed reading: as prescribed and examined upon in International Law I of the Curriculum. Two term hour3 of credit. or, 3. Roman Law. Materials for prescribed reading: Poste's Edition of Gaius, or (b) Mayle's Edition of Justinian, or ( c) Ledlie's Translation of Sohm's Institutes of Roman Law; or ( d) Muirhead's Private Law of Rome, or ( e) Whitefield's Translation of Salkowski's Roman Law; of these ( e) is most recommended. One term hour of credit. or, 4. History. of Germanic Law. Materials for prescribed reading: either ( a) Hensler's Institutionen des deutchen Rech ts, or (b) Brunner's Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. One term hour of credit. Reg11/ations for the foregoing work . . (I) For graduation, a credit of not less than an average grade of C must have been obtained in Course A, Course B, r and 2, and Course C, r or 2 or 3 or 4. An examination in each course of reading will be held at the end of �THE LAW SCHOOL. 15 each term and at the beginning of the first term. A student may take the examination at either of these times, except that a first or second year student failing at a first term examination may not take it again until the s ucceeding year. (2) A student entering with advanced standing must take only the remaining .work prescribed for the class which he enters; except that a student entering as a candidate for a degree in one year must also take Course B. (3) Course B B is optional. (4) Cred it is given for each course as noted above. (5) Th e requirements of this work for graduation does not apply to class of 1905; but the credits of any of the Courses B, B B and C, may be obtained by members of that class taking the examinations. (6) A student who at college or a law school has already obtained credit for work equivalent to Course C, r, 2, 3, or 4, will be given credit for that Co urse as required in this School; but may also obtain credit by doing the work of any remaining Course not elsewhere taken. (7) No lectures are given 111 any of these Courses (except C, which is identical with the lecture course of International Law I.) ; the work is done by private study. But the Courses are under the supervision of the Dean, who will give any desired advice on the subjects of study. 2, (8) The credit in any of the Courses C will count as one of the required ten term hours of the Third Year. Students are recommended to own the books named if they can afford to purchase them. But the School will provide a sufficient number of duplicate copies of the books named for the prescribed reading. Students are also recommended to do the reading for Courses B, B B and C ( I, 2, 3, or 4) during the summer vacations, and to take the examinations given at the beginning of the first term. (Net total of requirements: First Year, three small volumes of reading; Second Year, one large volume and four small ones; Third Year, one to three moderate volumes.) �16 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. TUITION FEES . The tuition fee for regular students is one hundred and five dollars a year, payable in three installments of thirty-five dollars each, October 1st, January roth, and April rst. A rtibate of five dollars is allowed to students who pay the entire tuition in advance on October 1st. Special students are charged at the rate of five dollars for each hour of class-room work for a ha! f year. The fee for the course in Patent Law is twenty-five dolalrs. The fee for the course in General Review is ten dollars to members or graduates of this school; to all others the fee is fifteen dollars. PRIZES. I. The Towle Prizes.-A first prize of $100, and a second prize of $50, the gift of Henry Sargent Towle, Esq., Chairman of the Law School Committee of the Board of Trustees, will be awarded to the students who have taken the course in Forensic \Vriting and Speaking (I a, b, c, and d.), who shall, in public competition at the completion of the course, be adjudged most proficient in the work of the course. These prizes are open only to those who take course I a, b, c, and d. In 1903-1904 the Towle Prize of $100 was awarded to Sylvanus George Levy, Ph. B., of the third-year class, and the Towle Prize of $50 to Warren Marcus Davis, of the first year class. The questiqn debated was, "Resolved, that the Duration of Copyright should be Unlimited." 3. The Callaghan Pri::e.-A prize of fifty dollars in books, to be selected from their own publications, the gift of Messrs. Callaghan and Company, of Chicago, will be awarded annually to the member of the graduating class having the best record in scholarship for the entire course. In 1904 the Callaghan Prize was awarded to Clayton Jackson Barber, Ph. B., of Springfield. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Persons applying for admission as regula.r students must answer the following requirements: Age- They must be not less than eighteen years of age. Preliminary Ed"11catio11-A candidate for a degree must have a preliminary general education equivalent to that of a graduate of a high school. For the proof of such education required se~ page 21. 3. Time of Entrance-No applicant not coming from another law I. 2. �THE LAW SCHOOL. 17 school will be admitted to the first-year class after the second week in January, for the reason that the courses of study are carefully graded, and an acquaintance with earlier courses is necessary for the pursuit of the later ones. Those who do not enter by the beginning of January cannot work with profit to themselves, and are a hindrance to the progress of others. All students intending to enter the school are strongly urged to do so at the beginning of the year. The disadvantage of delay is great, especially to students who intend to practice Jaw in Illinois. ADVANCED STANDING. The requirements in regard to advanced standing are explained under the title " Degrees." SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons not desiring to be candidates for a degree may pursue one or more courses as special students, provided they are qualified to pursue such courses to advantage. They will receive a certificate of all work done, and they may at any time enter as candidates for a degree, provided they are qualified under the above requirements. No special student may take more than twenty-five term-hours of work in one year without special permission from the Dean. DEGREES. All degrees are conferred at the general University Commencement. On this occasion all candidates for degrees are required to present themselves in person, the Oxford cap and gown being worn as the official dress. I. BACHELOR OF LAWS. The degree of Bachelor of Laws will be conferred by the Trustees of the University upon students who are recommended therefor by the Faculty of the School. Such students will be recommended as, in the judgment of the Faculty, are of fit character and have complied wi~h the follGw ~ ing requirements i �18 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. I. Attendance-Regular attendance for three years is required of all students with the following exceptions: I. Students who have studied law for one year, either in a college in good standing, or a law school, may obtain a degree in two years. 2. Students who have satisfactorily completed two years' study in a law school in good standing may obtain a degree in one year. 3. Students who have satisfactorily completed one year's study in a law school in good standing, and who have also studied law for one year in a college or law school in good standing, may become candidates for a degree in one year by obtaining special permissio1'! from the Dean. ADV AN CED STANDING. II. All applications for advanced standing must be presented before November 1st, of the applicant's year of entrance. III. Registration. Candidates for a degree must regi ster for work amounting to at least ten hours a week for each year. IV. Course of Study. All candidates for a degree must pass examinations in courses amounting to sixty-six term hours (th~ equivalent of courses of study of eleven hours a week for three years); provided that in reckoning the required number of term-hours required for graduation there must be included at least ten hours of credit obtained in each term of the third year. But persons who have satisfactorily completed a two-years' course of study in a law school in good standing will be excused one-half of the examinations above required. Persons who have satisfactorily completed less than two years' study of law in a college or law school in good standing, may be given credit for this work and be exc used from these examinations to such extent as shall be determined in each case by the Dean . The specific subjects in which such credit may be given will be determined by the Secretary at the time of admission. Fou r grades are given for work done. The grades are as follows: A, excellent; B, satisfactory; C, unsatisfactory; D, failure. A student may not count a course in which he obtains grade C, except he obtains grade A in another course or courses of equivalent amount; and except that he may count courses in which he obtains grade C to the extent of one-sixth of the total work required to be done by him in this School for graduation. II. MASTER'S DEGREE. The Master's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters will be conferred under the following conditions: �THE LAW SCHOOL. 19 A graduate of the College of Liberal Arts of this University, or of some other in which the requirements for the Bachelor's degree in Arts, Philosophy, Science, or Letters are equivalent to the requirements for the same degree at this University, may obtain the Master's degree at the same time with the degree of Bachelor of Laws by pursuing, with the sanction of the Faculty of Liberal Arts , advanced work in subjects approved by that Faculty, and obtaining credit in such work to the amount of twelve semester-hours; and by presenting a thesis on an approved topic. The courses of study may, in part or entirely, deal with legal subjects; but courses of legal study, in order to count for the degree, must be (a) of an advanced nature; ( b) not otherwise counted for the degree of Bachelor of Laws; ( c) pursued under the direction of a member of the Faculty of the Law School. Students in law, intending to become candidates for the Master's degree, must register for the same in the College of Liberal Arts and in the Law School on or before the first Monday in October of the year in which they expect to graduate, and must pay the diploma fee of ten dollars. The Master's degree is open upon the same terms to graduates· of the Law School who register before the October next following the completion of their professional course. The following subjects have been approved by the Faculty of Liberal Arts, and work therein may be counted for the Master's degree: Constitutional Law, International Law, Administrative Law, Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS. Six assistant librarians and monitors are appointed annually. These receive free tuition in compensation for their services. Applications for appointment should be addressed to the Secretary of the Law School. �RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF ILLINOIS. Inquiries in regard to Admission to the Bar of Illinois should be addressed to N. W, Branson, Secretary of the State Board of Law Examiners, Petersburg, Ill. The rules governing admission to the bar of Illinois provide that all applications for admission shall be made to the Supreme Court of the State, and shall be based upon a report of the State Board of Law Examiners; that examinations shall be held "at Ottawa on the last Tuesday of Februrary, at Chicago the fourth Tuesday of June, at Springfield the first Tuesday of October, and at Mt. Vernon the first Tuesday of December, in each year"; that all applicants for admission must pass satisfactory examinations "upon the law of real and personal property, personal rights, contracts, evidence, common law and equity pleading, partnership, bailments, negotiable instruments, principal and agent, domestic relations, wills, corporations, equity jurisprudence, criminal law, and upon the principles of the constitutions of the State and of the United States, and legal ethics"; that an applicant who fails to pass such examination shall not be admitted to a subsequent examination within six months of such failure; that each applicant shall pay in advance a fee of ten dollars to said Board of Law Examiners, and shall file affidavits as to age and citizenship, and a transcript from a court of record of Illinois showing good moral character; that the applicant shall have a general preliminary education equivalent to that of a graduate of a high school in this state, and that he shall have pursued the study of law for the period of three consecutive years of at least thirty-six weeks in each year; and that such study shall have been pursued in an established law school considered by the Board to be in good standing, or under the tuition of one or 111ore licensed lawyers, and that the applicant, if studying uncler suc;h tuition, has submitted to regular and satisfactory 20 �THE LAW SCHOOL. 21 examinations by such lawyer or lawyers during said period, upon each subject. All of above proof must be submitted on prescribed forms. Rule 2 of the Board of Law Examiners, which sets forth the required proof of academic education, and governs the admission of regular students to this Law School, is as follows: " Each applicant for admission, upon examination, shall present with his application satisfactory proof in writing that he has had a preliminary general education equivalent to that of a graduate of a high school in this State. A three years' English course, consisting of Algebra, Geometry, Ancient History, Physiology, Rhetoric, Physics, and Physical Geography, each one year; Botany and Bookkeeping, one year; Mediceval and Modern History, with special reference to English and American History, one year; English and American Literature, one year; and English Composition, one year, will be accepted as such equivalent. "In case of the omission by the applicant of any one or more of such studies, except English and American History and Literature, the equivalent of such omitted study or studies, in any science, or in any classical or modern language (Latin being especially recommended), will be accepted in lieu of such omitted study or studies. "The proof required by this rule that the applicant has satisfactorily pursued the said studies or their equivalents, for the requisite periods, may be by either one or more of the following instruments : "I. Tlie diploma of any University or College in good standing; or "2. The diploma of a high school in this State, where such diploma designates the several studies pursued and the length of time devoted to each; or "3. The diploma of a high school in this State, accompanied with the certificate of the principal of such school, �22 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. designating the several studies pursued, and the length of time devoted to each ; or "4. The affidavit of a principal of a high school in this State, or other high school teacher or teachers under whom the applicant has studied ( or, in case of the death or absence of such principal or teacher, then the affidavit of any credible witness or witnesses having knowledge of the facts), designating the several studies pursued, the length of time devoted to each, and as nearly as possible the applicant's degree of proficiency in each study; or "5. The affidavit of the principal of a high school of this State, or of a superintendent of schools having a high school under his supervision, showing his special examination of the applicant for the purpose of an application for admission to the bar, stating the date and place of examination and the time consumed therein, and giving the true and just grade or proficiency shown by such applicant in each study, on a scale of 100; or "6. The diploma of any accredited school, not in Illinois, whose graduates are admitted on a diploma to the freshman class of any University or College, in good standing, in the State or country in which such school is located; such fact to be evidenced by the certificate of the President or Secretary of such University or College, under the corporate seal of the institution; or "7. The certificate of the President or Secretary of any University or College in good standing, under the seal of the institution, that the applicant has been admitted to the freshman or any higher class of such institution, without conditions, or upon conditions which had since been complied with." Rule 5, defining a law school in good standing, requires that: ''An established law school to be considered in good standing must faithfully teach the several branches of law specified in Rule 39 of the Supreme Court, and must require recitations averaging ten hours or more each week," ����·-= WP unn ChlC" i 0. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div id="titleText">The Northwestern University Bulletin of the School of Law Collection</div> <div id="photo"><img src="http://plrccollections.org/files/original/30d1e1ea3619048ce48af8dfa399b354.jpg" alt="Bulletins" /></div> Description An account of the resource For more than a century, the Law School regularly published a bulletin featuring information such as the names of the faculty and students, the curriculum, and the programs and publications offered at that time. Several special issues relate to summer sessions, legal topics, and the legal clinic. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1874-1991? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <div class="hide">Bulletin of the School of Law: Supplement</div> Description An account of the resource A supplement to the quarterly <i>Bulletin of the School of Law</i> featuring a revised list of course offerings. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bulletins 1904 November Supplement Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 November Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. SUPPLEMENT SERIES III AUGUST NOVEMBER NUMBERII NOR THWESTERN UNIVERSITY CHICAG O E VANSTON BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF LAW (UNION COLLEGE OF LAW) FOUNDED OFFICE OF PUBLICATION NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING LAKE AND DEARBORN STREETS CHICAGO PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY CALENDAR OF SESSION . \ Yednesday . S · Registration Day New Students. Registration Day Applicants Advanced Standing. Registration Day Students. Lectures Begin. Thanksgiving Recess. Lectures Close Christmas Recess. Christmas Recess Ends Lectures Begin. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. First Semester Ends. Second Semester Begins. V\Ta ' Birthday. Lectures Close. Examinations Begin. Commencement Day. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS Entered Post Office Chica . Ill. REVISED LIST OF THE FACULTY FOR .* EDMUND JANES JAMES Ph. D. LL. D. President University. JOHN HENRY WIGMORE (A . M. LL. B. Harvard University) Professor Law Dean Fq . HARVEY BOSTWICK HURD (LL. D .. Northwestern University) Emeritus Professor Law. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE (A. M . Yale University LL. B .. Harvard University) Associate Professor Law. ALBERT MARTIN KALES (A. B. LL. B. Harvard University) Associate Professor Law. SAMUEL ADAMS (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Procedure Practice. JOHN HENRY SHELDON LEE (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Assistant Professor Law Crimes Criminal Procedure. CHARLES GEORGE LITTLE (A. B. Amherst College LL. B. Northwe• University) Associate Professor Law. HENRY SCHOFIELD (A. . LL. B. Harvard University) Professor Law. LOUIS MAY GREELEY (A. B. Harvard University) Professor Law Conveyancing Mortgages. *Arranged President Dean . THE LAW SCHOOL. LEVI HAR.PER FULLER. (B. S. Upper Iowa University LL. B. Iowa State Univenity) Professor Law Procedure Practice. FREDERIC CAMPBELL WOODWARD (A. M. Dickinson College LL. M. Cornell University) Professor Law. CHARLES CLARENCE LINTHICUM (LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Patents. WILLIAM H. DYRENFORTH (LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Patent Practice. OTTO RAYMOND BARNETT (LL. B. Northwestern University) Associate Professor Law Patents. MITCHELL DAVIS FOLLANSBEE (A. B. Harvard University LL. B. Northwestern University) Professor Law Procedure Practice. Lectursr Legal Ethics. EBENEZER WASHINGTON ENGSTROM (A. B. Northwestern University) Instructor Voice Training Forensics. HENRY LEE PRESCOTT (A. B .• LL. B. Harvard UniTersity) Instructor Forensics. JOSEPH ROBERT Instructor Parliamentary Law. CHARLES PICKARD Lecturer Trade Mark Copyright. CHARLES BYRD ELDER (LL. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer Extraordinary Legal Remedies !Judgments. HENRY CLAY HALL (B. S. Wabash College LL. B. Northwestern University) Lecturer Insurance. FREDERIC BEERS CROSSLEY (LL. B. Northwestern University) Secretary Law School Faculty. REVISED COURSES OF INSTRUCTION AS GIVEN IN . FIRST YEAR. FIRST TERM . C Three . Keener' Cases Contracts. Professor WOODWARD. Torts Three . Ames' Smith' Cases Torts. Professor VhGMOtiE. Property (!) Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. II. ( Personal .) Professor KALES. Co Law Pleading Procedure Two . Ames' Cases Pleading Andrews' Stephen Pleading. Professor ADAMS. Crimes Criminal Proced· Two . Beale' Cases Criminal Law. Professor LEE. SECOND TERM . Contracts ( ) Three . Professor \Iv OODW ARD. Torts ( ) Two . Professor WIGMORE. Property ( ) ( ) Two . Professor KALES . Com·mo Law Pleading Proced ( ) One . Lectures . Professor ADAll!S. Master S Tort One . Wambaugh' Cases Agency. Professor WIGMORE. Dam. One . Beale' Cases Damages. Professor SCHOFIELD. SECOND YEAR. FIRST TERM. Evidence Two . . Trusts Three . Agency Two . Thayer' Cases Evidence Professor WIGMORE. Ames' Cases Trusts. Professor WooDWARD. \Vambaugh' Cases Ort Agency. Prnfoss@ · n NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Comniercial Paper Three· . Ames' Cases Bills Notes. Professor HYDE. Equity Jurisdiction Three . Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property (JJ} Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. III IV. (Acquisition . .) Professor KALES. Perso (Domestic Relatio ) Two . Smith' Cases Persons. Professor KALES. SECOND TERM. E ( ) Two . Professor Vv'rGMORE. RropertJ' (II) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Equity Jurisdiction ( ) Three . Ames' Cases Equity Jurisdiction. Professor SCHOFIELD. Quasi Contracts Three . Keener' Cases Quasi Contracts. Professor WooDw ARD. [Given .] Sales Personalty Three . Williston' Cases Sales. Professor WooDw ARD. [Omitted .] Insurance (Fire Life} Two . Wambaugh' Cases Insurance. Mr. HALL. Equity Pleading Procedure Two . Fletcher Equity Pleading . Professor ADAMS. THIRD YEAR. FIRST TERM. Corporations Two . Smith' Cases Corporations. Professor LITTLE. Procedure Practice Illinois Two . Professor FOLLANSBEE. International Law ( ) Two . Scott' Cases International . Professor HYDE THE LAW SCHOOL. International Law (JJ) American Treaties Diplomacy . Two . Professor HYDE. Sttret· Two . Ames' Cases Suretyskip. Professor LITTLE. Aiixiliary Legal Remedies (Attachments Garnishment Execution .) One . Rood' Cases Attachments Judgments. Mr. ELDER. C Law Three . Thayer' Cases Constitutional Law. Professor SCHOFIELD. Property ( } Two . Gray' Cases Property Vols. V VI. ( Conditional .) Professor KALES. Admiralty M Three . Professor HYDE. Conveyancing One . Drafting . Professor GREELEY. Conflict Laws Three . Beale' Cases Conflict Laws. Professor HYDE. Code Pleading Proceditre One . Cases Code Pleading. Professor WOODWARD. Practice Court Two . Causes . Professor FULLER. *Patents Invention (!} General Survey. Five . Professor LINTHICUM. Parts II III . (/ } Patent Soliciting. Twenty . Professor DYRENFORTH. (III) Patent Law Practice. Forty . Professor BA RNETT. •These . equiValent vrQrk . . NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. SECOND TERM. Corporations ( ) Two ( .). Professor LITTLE. Bankrnptcy Two . vVilliston' Cases Bankruptcy. Professor WooDWARD. Constitutional Law ( ) Two . Professor SCHOFIELD. Carriers Three . McClain' Cases Carriers Beale' Cases Carriers. Professor HYDE. [Omitted .] Conveyancing ( ) One . Professor GREELEY. Mortgage$ Two . Kirchwey' Cases Mortgages. Professor GREELEY. Public Officers One . Professor SCHOFIELD. [Omitted .] Practice Co ( ) Two . Professor FULLER. Pateiits Invention ( ). Professor BARNETT. Property (III) ( ) Two . Professor KALES. Municipal Corporations Two . Smith' Cases Municipal Corporations. Professor ScHoFiELD. Partnership T\' . Ames' Cases Partnership. Professor LITTLE. E Legal R · (Mandamus Quo Warranto Habeas Corpus .) One . Mr. ELDER. Jurisdiction Federal Cottrfs One . Professor SCHOFIELD. . ( Constitutional Law Patents Invention) Conveyancing Property III n Property II. i ! ¥ THE LAW SCHOOL. COURSES OF LECTURES NOT COUNTING FOR A DEGREE. Trade Marks Copyrights Six . Mr. PICKARD. General Review Five State . . Mr. DENT. Legal Ethics Five . Professor FOLLAN SBEE. SCHEDULE OF HOURS. ' ' ' . Practice Court . SPECIAL TRAINING IN LEGAL WRITING AND SPEAKING AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE LAW. . . Pleadings Common Law Pleading Code Pleading Equity Pleading . Corporations . Commercial Paper Carriers Insurance . . Conveyancing document . A ' States. Thorough ' . No Property II. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Practice Coiirt Procedure Practice . Practice Court . Court' . During . . . . While . A . . A Rules Practice Court . . Legal Tactics Bar . Bar r r . . Thesis Faculty . Any · Faculty . ! r · . . . Public Speaking . THE LAW SCHOOL. FOLLOWING ARE THE REVISED REGULATIONS FOR THE WORK IN PUBLIC SPEAKING AND MOOT COURTS IN . Public Speaking Moot Courts . . Persons . Forensic vVriting Speaking. Forensics Lectures Exercises Moot Court Public Debate Practical Legal Advice. First . . . Parliamentary Practice ( ) Elementary Course ( ) . . Voice Training . . Legal Arg mentatio Briefs P . M. Argumentation BrieJwriting . . Oral Forensics Oral Forensics Professor NORTHWESTERN UNIVBRSITY. Forensics. A \Iarch . (!) . II. . Moot Courts. Moot Court P. M. A B . . All . Each Professor . Professor Bulletin Board ( ) Professor . One . On Professor . Each . All . . . . Public Speaking . An Secretary' . . No ( Faculty) THE LAW SCHOOL. School . . Public Debate. A Towle Prizes Public Speaking . No School. III. . Legal Advice Cl . All Legal Advice Clubs Secretary School Secretary. Difficult Clubs . On ' Secretary Club Club Dean Professor P. M. Professor . . B Justice. After Chicago Bureau Justice University Branch Settlements Police Courts . Secretary School C . Superintendent Bureau. ( .) n . . PROPOSED REGULATIONS FOR REQUIRED WORK IN LEGAL HISTORY AND JURISPRUDENCE . Course A (First Year). Legal History Study Law. Materials ( ) Blackstone' Commentaries ( ) Introduction Sections Book Chapters S Book III Chapters Book Chapters Book III Chapters r Book IV NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. Chapters Book II Chapters Book IV Chapter ( ) Wambaugh' Study Cases ( ) Woodruff' Introductory Survey ( ) Wilson' History Modern English Law. One . Course B ( Second Year). History English Legal System. Materials Pollock & Maitland History English Law Volume . History Bench Bar Modern Times. Materials Campbell' Lives Chancellors ( Lord Hardwicke). One . Course B B (Second Year ) . . History Leading Principles Law. Materials Pollock & Maitland History English Law Vol. II Sundry Essays Legal History ( . Secretary' Office) . History Bench Bar Materials ( ) Campbell' Lives Chancellors ( Sir Thomas More) ( ) Campbell' Lives Chief Justices ( Sir Edward Coke) Arnould' Life Lord Denman Autobiography Lord Campbell Twiss' Life Lord Eldon ( ) Brown' Life Rufus Choate. One . Course C (Third Year) . . General Jurisprudence. Materials ( ) Austin' Jurisprudence Holland' Jurispri Terry' Principles Law ( ) Lee' Historical Jurisprudence ( ) Maine' Ancient Law. One . . International Law. Materials International Law Curriculum. Two hour . . Roman Law. Materials Poste' Edition Gaius ( ) ' Edition Justinian ( ) Ledlie' Translation Sohm' Institutes Roman Law ( ) Muirhead' Private Law Rome ( ) Whitefield' Translation Salkowski' Roman Law ( ) . One . . History. Germanic Law. Materials ( ) Hensler' Institutionen Rech ( ) Brunner' Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte. One . Reg / . . ( ) C Course A Course B Course C . An THE LAW SCHOOL. . A . ( ) A . Course B. ( ) Course B B . ( ) Cred . ( ) Th Courses B B B C . ( ) A Course C Course School Course . ( ) No Courses ( C International Law .) . Courses Dean . ( ) Courses C Third Year. Students . School . Students Courses B B B C ( ) . (Net First Year Second Year Third Year .) NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. TUITION FEES. . A . Special ! . Patent Law . General Review . PRIZES. . Towle Prizes. A $ $ Henry Sargent Towle Esq. Chairman Law School Committee Board Trustees Forensic \Vriting Speaking ( .) . These . Towle Prize $ Sylvanus George Levy Ph. B. Towle Prize $ Warren Marcus Davis . "Resolved Duration Copyright Unlimited." . Callaghan Pri . A Messrs. Callaghan Company Chicago . Callaghan Prize Clayton Jackson Barber Ph. B. Springfield. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. Persons . . Age They . . Preliminary Ed" catio A . . . Time Entrance No THE LAW SCHOOL. . Those . All . Jaw Illinois. ADVANCED STANDING. " Degrees." SPECIAL STUDENTS. Persons . They . No Dean. DEGREES. All University Commencement. On Oxford . . BACHELOR OF LAWS. Bachelor Laws Trustees University Faculty School. Such Faculty follGw NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. . Attendance Regular . Students . . Students ' . . Students ' permissio '! Dean. ADV AN CED STANDING. II. All ' . III. Registration. Candidates . IV. Course Study. All ( ) . ' . Persons ' Dean. Secretary . Four . A B C D . A C A C School . II. MASTER'S DEGREE. Master' Arts Philosophy Science Letters THE LAW SCHOOL. A College Liberal Arts University Bachelor' Arts Philosophy Science Letters University Master' Bachelor Laws Faculty Liberal Arts Faculty . ( ) ( ) Bachelor Laws ( ) Faculty Law School. Students Master' College Liberal Arts Law School . Master' · Law School . Faculty Liberal Arts Master' Constitutional Law International Law Administrative Law Roman Law Jurisprudence Legal History. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS. Six . These . Applications Secretary Law School. RULES FOR ADMISSION TO THE BAR OF ILLINOIS. Inquiries Admission Bar Illinois N. W Branson Secretary State Board Law Examiners Petersburg Ill. Illinois Supreme Court State State Board Law Examiners " Ottawa Februrary Chicago Springfield Mt. Vernon " " State United States " Board Law Examiners Illinois Board THE LAW SCHOOL. . All . Rule Board Law Examiners Law School " Each State. A ' English